初高中衔接 专题十 生

初高英语衔接专题十：定语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。

定语从句必须放在先行词之后。

引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。

例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。

关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。

关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。

1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。

例如：I don’t like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2.作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called“The Great Escape”.3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。

例如：What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.4.作状语I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。

例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。

例如：Do you know the young man(whom)we met at the gate？Mr Lee(whom)you want to see has come.3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。

例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。

例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book(which)the teacher mentioned yesterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

例如：I’ve read the newspaper that(which)carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。

例如：I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。

例如：This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.四.关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.=That was the roomwhich we had lived in for ten years.五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。

例如：All that he said is true.(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。

例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。

例如：He was the second(person)that told me the secret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

This is the best book(that)I have read this year.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。

例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2.只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。

例如：The meeting was put off,which was exactly what we wanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。

例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.【演练】1.---Who is the man_______was talking to our English teacher?---Oh!It’s Mr Baker,our maths teacher.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which2.I hate the people________don’t help others when they are in trouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.The foreigner_________visited our school is from Canada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.George Mallory was an English school teacher_______loved climbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.This is the place_____I have ever visited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which6.Nobody knows the reason______she didn’t come to the meeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.The moon is a world______there is no life.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.He has forgotten the day_______he arrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.He still remembers the days______he spent with your family.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.on which10.Mr.White,______car had been stolen,came to the policeman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which11.He got to the village_______his family once lived before liberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where12.This is the house_______I want to buy.A.in whichB.thatC.whoseD.where13.This is the house_______our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where14.He didn’t tell me the place_______he was born.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where15.He lived in a small village,______was a long way from the railway station.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when【练习答案】1.B2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.C8.A9.C10.C11.D12.B13.D14.D15.B初高中衔接练习十I.单项填空（共20题，每题1分，共20分）Part1 1.—Now,where is my purse?—_________!We’ll be late for the picnic.A.Take your timeB.Don’t worryC.Take it easye on2.—You couldn’t have chosen any gift better for me.—_______.A.I’m glad you like it so muchB.That’s all rightC.Oh,don’t you like it?D.Sorry,I’ll choose a better one next time3.—Micky!—________,Mum?—Come and help me move the table out.A.WhatB.RightC.YesD.Pardon4.—Do you mind if I turned the TV down?—________.A.Yes,I don’t mindB.No,go right aheadC.Yes,please turn it downD.Don’t worry.You’ll get used to it soon5.—She didn’t come to school yesterday,did she?—______,though she was not feeling very well.A.No,she didn’tB.Yes,she didn’tC.No,she didD.Yes,she did6.Suzhou is______most beautiful tourist city and I believe I’ll come for_____second time.A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the7.—Have you heard today’s weather forecast?—Yes.Better weather is______.We can expect an outing.A.in the wayB.by the wayC.on the wayD.in this way8.—Can I tell my best friend about it?—No,I don’t want anyone else to know it.You_____keep it to yourself.A.mustB.needC.canD.may9.Is this school__________you visited last month?A.whereB.the one whereC.thatD.the one10.When I handed the report to Peter,he said that David was the right person________.A.to send it toB.to sendC.to be sentD.for sending11.—I wonder if she_____to the ball.—She is sure to come if she____time tonight.es;hasB.will come;will havees;will haveD.will come;has12.Oxford,as we know,________is one of the best universities in the world.A.thatB./C.itD.this13.Studying abroad is quite different from life in China.It took me nearly half a year to____the languageproblem and culture shock. A.turn over B.look over C.get over D.go over14.—What’s the best way of losing weight?—_________A.Why not playing games?B.Why don’t you play games?C.I advise you to playing games?D.You’d better to play games?15.Yesterday we had a lecture given by a_________teacher.A.well-mannered young schoolB.young well-mannered schoolC.well-mannered school youngD.school well-mannered young16.They asked me to have a drink with them.I said that it was at least ten years since I_______a good drink.A.had enjoyedB.was enjoyingC.have enjoyedD.have been enjoying17.—Thank you for the great trouble you have taken_____me with my English?—Think nothing of it!A.with helpingB.to helpC.in helpingD.helping18.Unluckily,he was soon told______he discovered was unimportant to them.A.what whyB.that whyC.what thatD.why what19.—How can I wake up so early?—Set the alarm clock,_________you will make it.A.ButB.orC.andD.so20.When I dropped in,Dr Smith_____,so we only had time for a few words.A.just leftB.was just leavingC.has just leftD.had just leftPart291.______(Dog)dog is______useful animal. A.a,an B.a,the C.the,a D.the,/92.John Smith is_______honest man. A.an B.a C.the D.one93.My father told me he was soon going to visit________USA. A.the B.a C.an D./94.Beyond_______stars,the astronaut saw nothing but________space.A.the,/B./,theC./,/D.the,the95.I believe that_______young have a bright future. A.the b.an C.an D./96.Paris is______most beautiful city,where you can see______famous Eiffel Tower.A.a,theB.a,/C.the,anD./,the97.He dropped the_______and broke it.A.cup of coffeeB.coffee’s cupC.cup for coffeeD.coffee cup98.There are three______and seven_______in the picture.A.deers,sheepsB.deers,sheepC.deer,sheepD.deer,sheeps99.Lucy has been to_________many times this year.A.his uncle b.her uncles C.uncle’s D.her uncle’s100.The boys always stays here for_________.A.one and half hourB.one and half a hourC.one and a half hoursD.one and half hours101.The dinosaur’s eggs are found by explorers in the_______A.1920sB.1920’sC.1920s’D.1920’102._______my parents’help,I begin to catch up_______my classmates.A.With,toB.Under,withC.With,withD.To,to103.—Do you know the differences________the three words?--Sorry,I don’t know.A.amongB.betweenC.withD.about104.—What else do you want?--________else.I think I have got everything ready.A.SomethingB.NothingC.Anything d.Everything105.Study hard,_______you will fall behind the others.A.andB.but c.or D.though106.30,000dollars is a large amount of money,but it’s_______than we need.A.far moreB.very much c.far less D.very little107.The two friends were______pleased to see each other that they forgot everything.A.soB.tooC.very d.much108.How long have you_______?A.marriedB.be marriedC.got marriedD.been married109.We could see nothing because the lights suddenly_______.A.went onB.went over c,went down D.went out110.Would you please speak more slowly?I can hardly______you.A.talk withB.agree with c.follow D.hear111.--People now can know what is happening in the world quickly.--You’re right.With the help of computers,news can______every corner of the world.A.getB.reachC.returnD.arrive112.Everyone except Tom and John______there when the meeting began.A.isB.wasC.areD.were113.I’m sorry I haven’t got any money.I’ve______my handbag at home.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgot114.I heard he_______the piano in the room last night.A.playedB.playsC.to playD.playing115.No one can stop news_______.A.to reportB.to be reportedC.from reportingD.being reported116.--Hi,Kate!--Hi,Mary.I______you are here.A.don’t knowB.don’t think C,think D.didn’t know117.--Have you ever traveled abroad?--Sure.I______the language of English in the USA two years after I graduated from the university.ed to learnB.was used to studyingC.have studiedD.didn’t use to study118.The visitors are very______to see so many changes_______in Shenzhen since1979.A.surprise;have been taken placeB.surprising,took placeC.surprised,have been taken placeD.surprised,have taken place119.When I got to his home,he________for an hour.A.had leftB.leftC.had been awayD.has been away120.The boss made him work14hours a day.That means,he_______work14hours a day.A.was madeB.madeC.was makingD.was made toII.完形填空（共15题，每题1分，共15分）Mr.and Mrs Smith’s house was full of suitcases,packages and packed-up boxes.The two of them were21 with pencils and paper,checking their luggage,when there was a22at the door.Mr.Smith went to23it and saw a well-dressed middle-aged lady outside.The lady said that she lived in the house beside theirs,and that she had come to24them to their new home.The Smiths invited her in after apologizing for the state of the house.“Oh,25,”she answered.“Do you know in some parts of this26neighbours are not all27?There are some streets where people do not28their neighbours,29their next-door ones.But in this street everybody is friends with30else.We are one big,happy family.I’m31that you will be32here.”The well-dressed lady got a33when she came to visit the house the34time,because she found a quite35man and woman in it.Mrs Smith had not had the courage her that they were not the new of the house,who were to move in the next day,but the ones,who have lived beside her for two years without ever having visited her or even noticing her existence(存在).21.A.free B.busy C.pleased D.familiar(熟悉的)22.A.sound B.ring C.friend D.message23.A.answer B.serve C.see D.guess24.A.invite B.lead C.take D.welcome25.A.excuse me B.here you are C.never mind D.thank you26.A.house B.street C.town D.time27.A.busy B.lonely C.safe D.friendly28.A.know B.understand C.welcome D.respect29.A.only B.even C.mostly D.neither30.A.anybody B.nobody C.somebody D.none31.A.uncertain B.glad C.sure D.afraid32.A.happy B.lonely C.popular D.friendly33.A.surprise B.fright C.pleasure D.worry34.A.first B.exact C.next D.same35.A.famous B.different C.young D.oldIII.阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）(C)My first performance(表演)in front of an audience was coming up soon.I tried as hard as I could to remain calm,but my heart was racing.I stared down at my sweat-covered,shaking hands.I looked up again at the audience,realizing that these were real people.They were not just my mum and dad, who would say,“Good job!”even if I messed up the entire piece.What if I had the wrong music?What if I played the wrong notes?As it turned out,I was never able to answer these questions because the spotlight(聚光灯)was waiting for me.I grasped my hands tightly together,drying off the sweat.Slowly I walked to the mud-brown piano in the center of the room.It contained88demanding keys,which were waiting impatiently to be played.I swallowed the golf-ball-sized lump(隆起部分)in my throat and sat down. Slowly,I opened the music.Next,I rested my still shaking hands on the ivory(象牙色的)keys.As my fingers played across the keys,I was becoming more unsure of my preparation for this moment.But the memory of my years of training came flooding back.I knew that I had practised this piece so many times that I could play it backwards if requested.Although at one point I accidentally played two keys instead of the intended one,I continued to move my fingers automatically(自动地).My eyes burned holes into(were fixed on)the pages in front of me.There was no way that I was going to lose my concentration.To keep this to myself,I leaned forward and focused carefully on the music.When I came to the end of the page,a warning went off inside my head:DON’T MAKE A MISTAKE WHEN YOU TURN THE PAGE!Needless to say,I obeyed myself with all my heart and mind.And,proud of my“page-turning”feat(技艺),I finished the rest of the piece without making a single mistake.After the final note died away,a celebration went into action inside my head.I had finished.I had mastered the impossible.44.The author was nervous before the performance because_______.A.her mother and father weren’t presentB.the strong spotlight was shining onto the stageC.she hadn’t mastered the entire pieceD.she had never performed in public before45.The underlined phrase“mess up”in Paragraph3probably means________.A.put into disorderB.forget aboutC.stop halfwayD.do well in46.The author_________.A.didn’t make any mistake in the performanceB.felt better at the beginning of the performanceC.paid all attention to nothing but her performanceD.lost her concentration(注意力)sometimes during the performance47.What did the author feel about her performance?A.She thought it was comfortable and successful.B.She thought it was very difficult but successful.C.She thought she had never made a mistake during the performance.D.She thought she played through the piece carefully but light-heartedly.(D)For Chinese,it’s time for dragon boat racing and Zongzi.But in South Korea,wrestling and swing play are the highlights.However,both events go by the same name—the Dragon Boat Festival.It falls on May5th of the lunar calendar.One festival,two cultures.Does one nation have the right to call it its own?It has been reported that South Korea will ask the United Nations Educational,Social and Cultural Organization(UNESCO联合国教科文组织) to make the celebration its cultural heritage(文化遗产).If successful,people from other countries may see the Dragon Boat Festival as a Korean creation.As the birthplace of the yearly event more than2,000years ago,China is not happy with the situation(情况).“It would be a shame if another country successfully made a traditional Chinese festival part of its own cultural heritage before China,”said Zhou Heping,deputy cultural minister.The Ministry of Culture is even thinking of making its own application(申请)to UNESCO,covering all traditional Chinese festivals,including the Dragon Boat event.“I don’t like some of the food eaten at the festival,but I am shocked by South Korea’s move,”said Jin Yutong, a Senior One student.“We should protect the cultural heritage left by our ancestors(祖先).”It is thought that the festival is held in memory of the great poet Qu Yuan(340－278BC),who lived in the State of Chu during the Warring States Period.Qu was known to be a patriot(爱国者)and admired by ordinary people.He is said to have jumped into Miluo River,because he had lost hope in his country’s future.When people heard about Qu’s death,they sailed up and down the river searching for his body.They also beat the drums to fright away fish and threw Zongzi into water.These were supposed to stop the fish from touching Qu.Dragon boat racing is said to have come from the search for the poet’s body.Over the years,the Dragon Boat Festival has spread throughout the world.In Japan and Vietnam,as well as South Korea,the festival has mixed together with,and become part of the local culture.With this in mind,some experts say that it is meaningless to argue(争论)about which country the festival belongs.“Everyone can say that it came from China,”said Long Haiqing,an expert from Hunan Province.“But if the whole nation can protect the culture heritage together,they will all benefit.”48.Which of the following country is NOT mentioned about the Dragon Boat Festival spreading?A.JapanB.VietnamC.South KoreaD.the United States49.From the passage,we can see Chinese people’s attitude(态度)toward the Dragon Boat Festival is that _________.A.they do not like itB.they want to protect it because it is their cultural heritageC.it is a shame to protect itD.they won’t agree South Korea takes it as its own festival50.Racing boats to celebrate the festival comes from the story that___________.A.people searched for Qu Yuan’s body by boatB.people searched for Qu Yuan’s boatC.Qu Yuan enjoyed boatingD.Qu Yuan liked building boats51.What can we infer(推断)from the last two paragraphs?A.The festival is celebrated in the same way all over the world.B.It matters a lot whose cultural heritage the festival is.C.It is good for the Chinese people to protect the cultural heritage.D.South Korea does not recognize that the festival is from China.(E)One evening after dinner,Mr.and Mrs.William called a family meeting.“We’ve had to make a difficult decision.”Mr.William announced.“You see,your mother has been offered a post as co-director of a television in Chicago.Unluckily,the station is not here.After thinking long and hard about it,we’ve concluded(下结论)that the right decision is to move to Chicago.”Peter looked shocked,while his sister Amy breathlessly started asking when they’d be moving:“It’s surprising, but exciting!”she said.Peter simply said,“We can’t go—I can’t leave all my friends.I’d rather stay here and live with Tommy!”Mr.and Mrs.William hoped that by the time they moved in August,Peter would grow more accustomed(习惯)to the idea of leaving.However,he showed no signs of accepting the news,refusing to pack his belongings(物品).When the morning of the move arrived,Peter was nowhere to be found.His parents called Tommy’s house, but Tommy’s mother said she hadn’t seen Peter.Mrs.William became increasingly worried,while her husband felt angry with their son for behaving so irresponsibly(不负责任).What they didn’t know was that Peter had started walking over to Tommy’s house,with a faint idea of hiding in Tommy’s attic(阁楼)for a few days.But something happened on the way as Peter walked past all the familiar landscape of the neighborhood:the fence that he and his mother painted,the tree that he and his sister used to climb,the park where he and his father often took evening walks together.How much would these mean without his family,who make them special in the first place?Peter didn’t take the time to answer that question but instead hurried back to his house,wondering if there were any moving cartons(纸板箱)the right size to hold his record collection.52.The conflict(分歧)in this story was caused by________.A.Peter and Amy’s different tempers(脾气)B.a quarrel(争吵)between Tommy and PeterC.Peter’s disagreement with his parents about their moveD.Mr.and Mrs.William’s words of Peter’s irresponsibility53.Peter and Amy were both_________after hearing the move.A.surprisedB.angry and worriedC.anxious for more detailsD.worried about packing54.The reason for Peter’s going home was that_______.A.he did not want to be left behindB.he realized his family was essential(重要的)with himC.he hoped to reach an agreement with his parentsD.He wished to be a more responsible person55.What would more probably happen next?A.Peter would bring his records over to the Tommy’s house.B.Mr.and Mrs.William would call the police.C.Peter would join his family for house moving.D.Mr.and Mrs.William would start searching for Peter. IV.词汇运用（共10题，每题0.5分，共5分）根据句意或首字母提示，在下列各句横线上填上所缺的单词。