(九) 复合句——状语从句

（九）复合句——状语从句

(九) 复合句——状语从句

说明: 所有相关复合句的综合练习将出现在“从句综合练习”章节

❖ 考点归纳

1. 状语从句的类型: 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语

从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句

2. 时间状语从句:

⑴ 连接词及固定搭配: when, while, as, since, after, before, until / till, once, each time, every

time, any time, whenever, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, hardly / scarcely / barely / rarely … when / before, no sooner … than, just as, directly, immediately, instantly, shortly after, soon after, it won ’t be long before, by the time, it ’s the first time that, it ’s … since, the first time, the last time

⑵ as soon as 与hardly … when 等结构都能表示“一……就……”，但两者的时态不同；前者一般主从句均为一般时态，表示一般情形遵从主将从现原则；后者一般主句为过去完成时，从句为一般过去时，且在句首引起倒装

⑶ 特殊地，可用the minute, each time, the first time 等名词或名词短语充当连接词引导时间状语从句，该类词称为边际从属连词 3. 地点状语从句可由where, wherever 引导，前者指特定地点，后者为无特定地点

4. 原因状语从句:

⑴ 可由because, since, now that, as, in that 引导，注意for, so, with + n . + 宾补结构

⑵ 现代英语中，because 与for 都可引导原因状语从句，且都能表示“直接理由”与“间接理由”，如It must be very late, for the streets are quite deserted. (间接理由)

上句中的for 实也可替换为because ，只是在两者同时存在时，使用for 语势较弱，更显出说话人的推断的不确定性，说明说话人的推断略显主观臆断

⑶ 在表述直接理由时，because, since, as 从句位置既可在主句前，也可在句尾；而for 则只能位于主句后；此外，because 可回答why 问句，because 前可加入诸如simply 的修饰语，because 从句也可作为强调句的强调部分，这些场合下because 不能替换为for ；若because 也表述的是间接理由，则其位置只能在主句后 5. 条件状语从句的连接词及相关搭配: if, unless ( if … not), on condition that, given that, as / so

long as, suppose that, even if, even though, provided that, in case, lest, given that, considering that, since, now that 等

6. 目的状语从句可由that, in order that, so that, for the purpose that, in the hope that 等作连接词或

固定搭配，常与情态动词连用

7. 结果状语从句:

⑴ 连接词及固定搭配: that, so … that, such … that, so that 等 ⑵ such 修饰名词，so 修饰形容词或副词，such / so 结构类似于what / how 的固定结构；当

such 修饰可数名词单数时可将其与so 结构互换；若such 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时则无法互换

⑶ 当many, few, little, much 表多少修饰名词时只能用so ；若little 不表多少，且修饰可数名词单数时只能用such 8. 让步状语从句:

⑴ although, though, as, while, even if, even though, however, whatever, no matter 系列等 ⑵ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(也可不倒装)，作用相当于as (必须倒装)，此时though

不能与although 替换；though 与although 都不能与but 并存，却能与yet 并存；as 引导让步状语从句时，倒装形容词、副词及无冠词的名词；只存在even though ，而无 *even although ；though 也可作连接性状语，而although 不可，如He said he would come; he didn ’t, though .

⑶ -ever 系列与no matter 系列的区别(见前) 9. 比较状语从句(见第一章，此略)

10. 方式状语从句可由as, as if, as though 引导

❖ 考前巩固

I. Combine the two sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.

(A) if

in order that even though whenever not …until 1.

○1I need strength and wisdom. ○2I read the poem. 2.

○1She was acting normal. ○2We had just had a fight. 3.

○1We will run the world differently. ○2We truly realize the values of mistakes. 4.

○1He could meet people of his age. ○2He joined the summer camp. 5. ○1He will stop the research on cancer. ○

2There is a cure. (B) as if so …that while

although 6. ○

1She decided to leave education and become an actress. ○

2She passed the college entrance exam. 7. ○1It ’s not easy to travel with a large group.

○

2Different people have different ideas. 8. ○

1You ’ll need to make hotel reservations several months in advance. ○

2You go to Rome during peak seasons. 9. ○1The streets were flooded with water.

○

2It rained hard. 10. ○

1Pink-loving people want to feel loved and protected. ○

2Those who prefer orange are often brave and fun-loving. (C)

since

the first time so that once otherwise 11.

○1Teenagers hit 18. ○2They began to view themselves as adults. 12.

○1I visited the West Lake. ○2I was fascinated by its elegance and beauty. 13.

○1The earth is round. ○2Why do we not fall off? 14.

○1I will have to ask you to leave. ○2Switch off your mobile phone. 15. ○1It can ’t run away. ○

2Keep your dog on a leash. II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.

不亲自参与，你无法知道这种游戏带来的乐趣。(unless) 2.

昨晚残疾人的演出非常成功，让观众们感动得留下了眼泪。(so …that …) 3.

但你难以与父母交流时会感到苦恼吗？(when) 4.

我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once) 5.

经历了多次严重自然灾害后，人们才逐渐意识到植树造林的重要性。(until)

6.

不管遇到什么样的困难，我们都不要放弃自己的梦想。(Whatever) 7.

如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话，我将不胜感激。(the moment) 8.

他们咨询了许多学生，然后才决定用已故总统的名字来命名新建的图书馆。(before) 9.

尽管三令五申，学生依旧在课堂上开着手机，以至连老师也对此熟视无睹。(in spite of) 10. 第一次尝试你可能不成功，但是记住: 只有通过努力你才能变得擅长某件事情。(bear) C ombine the two sentences, using the words in brackets and making necessary changes.

1. I finished reading the newspaper. Then John came home. (before)

2. John was reading. Harry entered. (when)