Constitutional monarchy PPT
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第7讲 英国君主立宪制的确立(课件)
史料反映 ：随着 议会改革 的开展，英国不断调整议 会选举制度；说明英国君主立宪制 趋向完善。 1832年议会改革，增强了工业资产阶级 在议会中的 地位；1918年给予妇女以选举权，说明了英国君主 立宪制制度是不断发展、完善的。
【即时训练】
1、《权利法案》载：“凡未经议会同意，以国王权威停止法 律或停止法律实施之僭越权力，为非法权力。”对上述条 文最准确的理解是 A、国王与议会商讨国家大事成为一种制度 B、法律的权威高于国王的权威 C、议会的权力超过王权，国王“统而不治” D、国王的权力受到议会的制约 2、有人形容英国议会说：“除了不能使一个女人变成男人和 使一个男人变成女人之外，能够做一切的事情”。这反映 了①议会拥有至高无上的权力 ②议会拥有立法权、财政权 和行政监督权 ③议会出现独裁专制统治 ④体现了资产阶级 对权力的需求 A、①② B、①③④ C、①②④ D、①②③④
三个转移： ①1689 立法权由 国王转移到议会 ②1721 行政权由 国王转移到内阁 ③1832政治权利由 贵族转移到工业资 产阶级，进而下移 到公民手中（1969）
【巧思妙记】“一、二、三”巧记英国君主立宪制
一条主线：议会的发展演变 （即代议制的确立、发展、完善） 两个趋势：①国王的权力逐渐削弱，以致“统而不治” ②议会权力不断增强，日益成为权力中心
【夯实基础· 重难突破】 1、“光荣革命”爆发的原因是什么？其实质和意义如何？
史料：1688年，迫于王权膨胀和天主教在英国复活的现实 危险性①，议会中的辉格党和托利党联合起来，向荷兰的执 政威廉亲王发出邀请，请他到英国来接管王位……威廉接受 邀请后率大军在英国登陆②……根据议会条件，威廉接受了 《权利法案》，随后和妻子玛丽（詹姆士二世的女儿）一同 登上了王位③。
英国的政治制度PPT课件
not rule.
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3
The present Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II since 1952
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4
3.Prince Charles is the heir to the throne.
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5
Prince William Arthur Philip Louis Windsor and Prince William
❖ And later they widened it to include representatives of counties, cities and towns.
❖ Representatives of communities
❖ The Commons quickly gained in political strength and in return they wanted an increasing say(发言权)in what the king was doing.
12
❖ Israel and Britain are the only two countries
without written constitutions.
❖ 英国宪法不是一个具体的法律文本，但实际上其大部分内容 还是以成文法的形式出现的，包括由议会通过的法例、法院 的判例和国际公约等等。除此之外，英国宪法的法律渊源还 包括英国议会惯例和国王特权。
The Royal Family
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6
The Power of the Queen
1. Gives effects to all laws as the head of the executive branch of the government
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3
The present Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II since 1952
-
4
3.Prince Charles is the heir to the throne.
-
5
Prince William Arthur Philip Louis Windsor and Prince William
❖ And later they widened it to include representatives of counties, cities and towns.
❖ Representatives of communities
❖ The Commons quickly gained in political strength and in return they wanted an increasing say(发言权)in what the king was doing.
12
❖ Israel and Britain are the only two countries
without written constitutions.
❖ 英国宪法不是一个具体的法律文本，但实际上其大部分内容 还是以成文法的形式出现的，包括由议会通过的法例、法院 的判例和国际公约等等。除此之外，英国宪法的法律渊源还 包括英国议会惯例和国王特权。
The Royal Family
-
6
The Power of the Queen
1. Gives effects to all laws as the head of the executive branch of the government
英国君主立宪制的建立ppt51 人教课标版
牛顿
莎士比亚
丘吉尔
人民教育出版社 历史必修Ⅰ 政治文明历程
第7课 英国君主立宪制的建立
君主立宪制
Constitutional Monarchy System
宪法约束的 君主制
君主立宪制是一种现代政体，这种制度下，国家元首 通常是世袭的，拥有某些最高权力，但是必须在宪法和法 律规定的范围内进行。
读史明智
政治斗争不一定非要你死我活，妥协是一种政治 智慧。
社会变革不一定非要推倒重来，传承中创新也是 一种政治智慧。
制度设计不可能做到至善至美，和平中渐进同样 是一种独特的政治智慧。
谢谢
1 、世上诸般美好事物中，有两者最公平，那就是青春与梦想，它不分尊卑，人人都可享有。 3 、成功就像一座平衡的秤，一边是努力，一边是快乐;付出的多，收获的也多。 3 、创造机会的人是勇者，等待机会的是愚者。 3 、太上，不知有之;其次，亲而誉之;其次，畏之;其次，侮之。信不足焉，有不信焉。 2 、天空，经常刮风经常下雨经常没太阳;季节，天渐转凉秋意渐浓记得加衣裳!生活，吃得要香睡得要甜身体要健康，祝福工作顺心，事业有成! 1 、世上诸般美好事物中，有两者最公平，那就是青春与梦想，它不分尊卑，人人都可享有。 15 、我走得很慢，但我从不后退。 6 、只要依靠自己的力量去做事情，即使条件很差，也能取得成功。 17 、磨砺内心比油饰外表要难得多，世界上没有永恒的懦弱，也没有永恒的坚强，万事靠自己，但是一定要放下懦弱，活的有尊严，活出你的坚强，才真正的体现你的自信和力量，你的活才更 有价值! 18 、金矿的山上还有着其他花朵，除了具备发现的眼睛外，还需要有着肯流汗的心。成功提示：金子常常就埋在身旁的泥土里，勤奋是最好的点金指。 2 、成功如同谷仓内的金表，早已存在于我们周围，散布于人生的每个角落，只要执著地去寻找，就一定能找到。 6 、凭借财大气粗来改变自己在公众中的丑陋形象是不明智的，一切的成功都是靠自己的努力得来的，并不是靠攀高结贵。 4 、成功离你很近，只要再多一点点坚持，你就会尝到胜利的果实。 2 、喜欢一个人，就勇敢的告诉他或者她。追求你真正爱的人，只要自己认为值得，那就是值得的。 3 、有大目标，须有大动作;有大追求，须有大改变。 9 、经过奋斗，终于拨开了云雾，见到了日出，走上了阳光大道。面对取得的成绩，不要骄傲，再接再励，继续向前行。 2 、把汗水变成珍珠，把梦想变成现实! 18 、成功就是坚韧不拔，直到成功，靠的都是强烈的成功欲望!“，by松下幸之助。---我可以说我接触过无数成功人士。凡是大成之人，都有这种坚韧不拔的好胜心和成功欲望。钱对他们来说只是 竞争过程中的一小部分，真正吸引他们的还是成功以及其带来的满足感和影响力! 1 、成功的人，都有浩然气概，他们都是大胆的勇敢的，他们的字典上，是没有“惧怕”两个字的。 2 、所谓的成功并不需要你比所有的人都强，你只需要强过自己的对手或同行，就足够能显示你的价值。 7 、生活中，虽然学习和工作很紧张，但是也应注意劳逸结合，经常磨快自己的“锯子”，以加快成功的步伐。没时间磨锯，就没有机会成功。 10 、很多事情别人通知你了，要说谢谢，没有通知你，不要责怪，因为那些事你其实应该自己弄清楚。
莎士比亚
丘吉尔
人民教育出版社 历史必修Ⅰ 政治文明历程
第7课 英国君主立宪制的建立
君主立宪制
Constitutional Monarchy System
宪法约束的 君主制
君主立宪制是一种现代政体，这种制度下，国家元首 通常是世袭的，拥有某些最高权力，但是必须在宪法和法 律规定的范围内进行。
读史明智
政治斗争不一定非要你死我活，妥协是一种政治 智慧。
社会变革不一定非要推倒重来，传承中创新也是 一种政治智慧。
制度设计不可能做到至善至美，和平中渐进同样 是一种独特的政治智慧。
谢谢
1 、世上诸般美好事物中，有两者最公平，那就是青春与梦想，它不分尊卑，人人都可享有。 3 、成功就像一座平衡的秤，一边是努力，一边是快乐;付出的多，收获的也多。 3 、创造机会的人是勇者，等待机会的是愚者。 3 、太上，不知有之;其次，亲而誉之;其次，畏之;其次，侮之。信不足焉，有不信焉。 2 、天空，经常刮风经常下雨经常没太阳;季节，天渐转凉秋意渐浓记得加衣裳!生活，吃得要香睡得要甜身体要健康，祝福工作顺心，事业有成! 1 、世上诸般美好事物中，有两者最公平，那就是青春与梦想，它不分尊卑，人人都可享有。 15 、我走得很慢，但我从不后退。 6 、只要依靠自己的力量去做事情，即使条件很差，也能取得成功。 17 、磨砺内心比油饰外表要难得多，世界上没有永恒的懦弱，也没有永恒的坚强，万事靠自己，但是一定要放下懦弱，活的有尊严，活出你的坚强，才真正的体现你的自信和力量，你的活才更 有价值! 18 、金矿的山上还有着其他花朵，除了具备发现的眼睛外，还需要有着肯流汗的心。成功提示：金子常常就埋在身旁的泥土里，勤奋是最好的点金指。 2 、成功如同谷仓内的金表，早已存在于我们周围，散布于人生的每个角落，只要执著地去寻找，就一定能找到。 6 、凭借财大气粗来改变自己在公众中的丑陋形象是不明智的，一切的成功都是靠自己的努力得来的，并不是靠攀高结贵。 4 、成功离你很近，只要再多一点点坚持，你就会尝到胜利的果实。 2 、喜欢一个人，就勇敢的告诉他或者她。追求你真正爱的人，只要自己认为值得，那就是值得的。 3 、有大目标，须有大动作;有大追求，须有大改变。 9 、经过奋斗，终于拨开了云雾，见到了日出，走上了阳光大道。面对取得的成绩，不要骄傲，再接再励，继续向前行。 2 、把汗水变成珍珠，把梦想变成现实! 18 、成功就是坚韧不拔，直到成功，靠的都是强烈的成功欲望!“，by松下幸之助。---我可以说我接触过无数成功人士。凡是大成之人，都有这种坚韧不拔的好胜心和成功欲望。钱对他们来说只是 竞争过程中的一小部分，真正吸引他们的还是成功以及其带来的满足感和影响力! 1 、成功的人，都有浩然气概，他们都是大胆的勇敢的，他们的字典上，是没有“惧怕”两个字的。 2 、所谓的成功并不需要你比所有的人都强，你只需要强过自己的对手或同行，就足够能显示你的价值。 7 、生活中，虽然学习和工作很紧张，但是也应注意劳逸结合，经常磨快自己的“锯子”，以加快成功的步伐。没时间磨锯，就没有机会成功。 10 、很多事情别人通知你了，要说谢谢，没有通知你，不要责怪，因为那些事你其实应该自己弄清楚。
Constitutional Monarchy君主立宪制
Constitutional Monarchy in England • The history background
• The glorious revolution of 1688, overthrew the autocratic rule of the feudal restoration dynasty. • The proclamation of the English Bill of Rights.
Mary married to Dutch Protestant William of Orange Anne married to Protestant Prince of Denmark
The Glorious Revolution of 1688
After the birth of a Catholic son (who would inherit the throne), James II fled England for France Parliament invited his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule England as joint sovereigns Laws were passed to ensure a Protestant succession
The English Bill of Rights
• Time : in 1689 • Purpose : limit the power of the king ensure the rights of the people. • Influence : provide legal guarantee for the limitation of kingship; the establishment of parliamentary monarchy powerful than the kingship, and gradually established a constitutional monarchy of the bourgeois revolution
君主立宪制讲解英文ppt
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Cameron
The Monarchy
Britain is a constitutional monarchy: Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state. In practice she reigns, but does not rule. The country is governed, in her name, by the Government, a body of ministers, which is called the Cabinet (consists of 22 leading ministers), who are responsible to Parliament.
the Parliament House of Britain
three major political parties in the British system of politics:
The Labour Party (often called New Labour) The Conservative Party (frequently called the Tories) The Liberal Democrat Party (known as the Lib Dems)
•Diet has powers over the budget, and can unseat a PM and cabinet through a vote of no confidence. It holds Q-time for Pmor or Cabinet, and has a range of specialist committees.
The Monarchy
Britain is a constitutional monarchy: Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state. In practice she reigns, but does not rule. The country is governed, in her name, by the Government, a body of ministers, which is called the Cabinet (consists of 22 leading ministers), who are responsible to Parliament.
the Parliament House of Britain
three major political parties in the British system of politics:
The Labour Party (often called New Labour) The Conservative Party (frequently called the Tories) The Liberal Democrat Party (known as the Lib Dems)
•Diet has powers over the budget, and can unseat a PM and cabinet through a vote of no confidence. It holds Q-time for Pmor or Cabinet, and has a range of specialist committees.
第5讲 英国资产阶级革命
都需要专政；而且需要强有力的专 政”。——马克思
平等派的抗争及被压制
1649年2月，利尔本发表《揭露英国的新枷锁》，对独立派 新建立的行政机关国务会议进行了抨击，认为国务会议有可 能消灭国会并演变成专制的机构。 1649年3月他又发表《揭露英国的新枷锁》第2部，要求国会 保障人民的权利免受军官们的侵犯，矛头已指向独立派。此 外，还指责国会没有改善人民生活状况，要求尽快实现《人 民公约》。 群众于3月底和4月初两次将数万人签名的请愿书送交国会， 要求释放被捕者。 5月上旬，平等派士兵发动了起义。秋季，再一次发动起义。
查理一世与议会矛盾的激化
Charles
I ，詹姆斯一世之子，1612年其兄威 尔士亲王亨利去世后成为王储。1625年，即 位为不列颠国王，称查理一世，并与法国国 王路易十三的妹妹亨莉雅妲•玛利亚公主结婚。 生子女八人，包括后来任国王的查理二世 （1660-1683）、詹姆斯二世（1683-1688）。
3. 长老派、独立派 和平等派（Levellers）之间的斗争
两次内战之间（1646—1648 年）英国国内 的政治斗争主要是在三个政治派别之间展 开的。它们是代表大资产阶级和上层新贵 族利益的长老派；代表中等贵族和资产阶 级利益的独立派；代表社会中下层人民利 益的平等派。
平等派
平等派是小资产阶级民主派，形成于第一次内战结 束之时，是由于对长老会派的排他性政策不满而组 织起来的，主要活动在军队之中。 平等派奉行主权在民学说，要求建立实行普选权的 一院制民主共和国。在共和制度下，公民享有言论、 出版、集会和信仰的自由。在社会经济方面，彻底 废除专卖特许制度和垄断贸易公司，取消教会什一 税，减轻税收，救济贫民，保障人身和私有财产的 不可侵犯，将地主已圈占的公有土地归还给农民。
第7课 英国君主立宪制的建立
英国首相布莱尔27日在最后一次前往议会 英国首相布莱尔 日在最后一次前往议会 接 受议员提问之后 向英国女王 之后， 女王伊丽莎白二世正式递 受议员提问之后，向英国女王伊丽莎白二世正式递 交辞呈，从而宣告结束自己长达10年的首相生涯 年的首相生涯。 交辞呈，从而宣告结束自己长达 年的首相生涯。 英国执政党工党新任领袖布朗２７ 执政党工党新任领袖布朗２７日下午应英 英国执政党工党新任领袖布朗２７日下午应英 女王伊丽莎白二世的邀请前往白金汉宫 伊丽莎白二世的邀请前往白金汉宫， 国女王伊丽莎白二世的邀请前往白金汉宫，接受女 王授权组建新一届内阁，并从女王手中接受御玺， 王授权组建新一届内阁，并从女王手中接受御玺， 内阁 正式就任英国首相。 正式就任英国首相。
第三单元 近代西方资本主义政治制度 的确立与发展 英国 美国 法国 德意志
英国国家大权掌握在谁手中？ 英国国家大权掌握在谁手中？
无实权 国家元首 最高 决策者
第 7 课 英国君主立宪制的建立
Constitutional Monarchy System in England 宪法的 君主制
概念 君主立宪制：是指资本主义国 是指资本主义国
议会权力
责任制内阁的形成（ 责任制内阁的形成（Cabinet) ——英国君主立宪制下的国家政权组织形式 英国君主立宪制下的国家政权组织形式 英国君主立宪制下的
内阁的起源： ⑴内阁的起源： 内阁的形成: ⑵内阁的形成:
英国第一任 首相
沃尔波尔 布朗
⑶内阁的运作: 内阁的运作: 运作
英国现任 首相
三、完善：责任内阁制的形成 完善：
背景----资产阶级革命和光荣革命 ----资产阶级革命和 一、背景----资产阶级革命和光荣革命 议会 1、根本原因 资本主义经济迅速发展 资产阶级和新贵族形成 斯图亚特王朝的专制统治
7课英国君主立宪制
活学活用
每日经济新闻报道：金融危机愈演愈烈，英伦三岛早 已是深陷泥潭。英国财政大臣达林10月8日上午宣布了一 揽子银行救助计划，英国政府将向英国各大商业银行注入 高达500亿英镑 （880亿美元）的资金。甚至准备将中小 银行国有化。你认为： ◆ 内阁成员大体上是赞成还是反对？为什么？ 赞同。集体负责，共同进退。 ◆ 女王伊丽莎白二世如果反对，布朗首相会不会为此 改变策略，为什么？ 不会。首相掌握行政大权，不对国王负责。 ◆ 如果议会中大多数都极力反对，结果又会如何？ 议会可以通过对政府的不信任案，要求内阁下台； 内阁要么下台，要么宣布解散议会，重新选举。
光 荣 革 命 1688年 完 成
革命爆发 1640年
1660年 斯图亚特王朝 复辟 时间
• 1、“它是一场没有流血的戏剧，不具有革命性 质，麦考来的《英国史》称它是”理想的、合法 的、典范的革命“。这场革命的实质是（ ） • A 封建政权内部的争夺政权的斗争 • B 资产阶级与封建势力妥协的斗争 • C 资产阶级内部的争夺政权的斗争 • D 封建国王与克伦威尔争夺政权的斗争
英国国家大权掌握在谁手中？
无实权 国家元首 最高 决策者
现任英国首相卡梅伦 前英国首相布朗
第 7 课 英国君主立宪制的建立
Constitutional Monarchy System in England 宪法的
君主立宪制含义：
君主制
国家的一切是由法律来决定的，君主无实权， 而且本身也要遵循法律。
小结
一条主线：英国君主立宪制的确立、发展、完善 过程 两大趋势： 国王权力不断削弱 议会权力不断增强 三个转移：立法权、财政权等从国王转移到议会 （《权利法案》） 行政权从国王手里转移到内阁 （责任内阁制确立） 民主权利转移：议会改革 （贵族民主→工业资产阶级民主→公民民主）
原创5：第7课 英国君主立宪制的建立
内阁的原意为密室， 早期是国王与顾问 和助手开会的地方。 后逐渐成为国王直 辖的最高行政机关。
阁承担实际行政职责。
2.责任内阁制的基本原则
（1）内阁实行集体负责制，与首相在政治上共进退。 （2）内阁失去下院信任时，应该全体辞职或者通过国 王解散下院，重新大选。 （3）大选中获胜的多数党上台组阁，多数党领袖为当 时的内阁首相，负责挑选内阁成员并拥有免职权。
内阁首相地位提高，负责协调各部门的工作，内阁处理国 家事务的权力增强。
19世纪中期，选举权的扩大和两党制的发展对内阁制的发 展产生了重大的影响，政党内阁形成。
1.内阁制形成
1714年即位的乔治一世出生于德国，
不懂英语，对英国的事务也不感兴 趣，甚至不出席内阁会议而让大臣 们去料理国事。大臣们有事就自己 先商定对策，然后再提交国王，内 阁制由此得以形成。国王也就逐渐 成为“统而不治”的国家元首。内
第三单元 近代西方资本主义政治制度 的确立与发展
第7课 英国君主立宪制的建立
君主立宪政体 英译:constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制，又称立宪君主制，是指在宪政体制下由一 个世袭或选出的君主作为元首的政体。君主立宪政体下 君主不再享有专制政体下的无限权力，其权力受到宪法 和议会限制。
比较探究：明朝废除丞相，皇帝君临天下，直接处理国家大 事，设殿阁大学士辅政，后逐渐演变为内阁，成为与六部并行 的国家行政机关，内阁的最高长官称“首辅”。 1721年，罗伯特•沃尔波尔成为英国历史上第一任内阁首相， 英国的内阁制形成。
同样是内阁，两者一样吗?
尽管称呼一致，但阶级本质完全不一样。 明朝 “内阁”是专制王权的辅政机构，内阁成员由皇帝任命， 是封建专制主义的产物。 而英国内阁是政府的执政机构,以代议制民主为基础,内阁产生 是由议会选举中获胜的多数党上台组阁而成，是资产阶级民主 政治的产物。
君主立宪制讲解英文PPT课件
Explanation of Constitutional
Monarchy
目录
• Overview of Constitutional Monarchy • The operational mechanism of conceptual
Monarchy • The advantages and disadvantages of
Parliamentary system
Legislature
The paragraph is the law making body in the country, consistent of selected representatives who are responsible for passing laws and approving budgets
The Origin and Development of Constitutional
Monarchy
01
02
03
Development
The British model: The development of Constitutional Monarchy in the United Kingdom in the 19th century provided a model for other countries to follow
The monarch acts as a symbol of national unity, providing a sense of stability and continuity to the country
03
Minimum Government The mIonntthelyruasacgteihoasna
Monarchy
目录
• Overview of Constitutional Monarchy • The operational mechanism of conceptual
Monarchy • The advantages and disadvantages of
Parliamentary system
Legislature
The paragraph is the law making body in the country, consistent of selected representatives who are responsible for passing laws and approving budgets
The Origin and Development of Constitutional
Monarchy
01
02
03
Development
The British model: The development of Constitutional Monarchy in the United Kingdom in the 19th century provided a model for other countries to follow
The monarch acts as a symbol of national unity, providing a sense of stability and continuity to the country
03
Minimum Government The mIonntthelyruasacgteihoasna
法律英语课件-CONSTITUTIONAL LAW(宪法)
Popular sovereignty
The government gets its power from the people. The idea was also stated in the Declaration of
Independence.
Federalism
It is the basis for the structure of government in the United States, federal form of government is one in which the states form a union and the sovereign power is divided between a central governing authority and the member states.
The doctrine of constitutional supremacy 宪法至上原则
The U.S Constitution is the self-designated supreme law of the land. It stands above all other law, executive acts and regulation .
The Congress appropriates funds for the executive branch and the judicial branch and may impeach and try members of the executive branch or the judicial branch;
Introduction to Constitution
The Constitution is the soul of law in United States. The Constitution states the framework for all American law. The constitutional law deals with the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. As the Constitution is the foundation of the United States, constitutional law deals with some of the fundamental relationships within our society.
Unit_2_The_Constitutional_Monarchy_英国的君主立宪制
Buckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace, the monarch's principal residence
16
Monument of Queen Victoria
17
Windsor Castle is an official residence of The Queen and the largest occupied castle in the world. William the Conqueror built the castle in 1080 and it has remained a royal palace and fortress for over 900 years.
Queen Elizabeth’s coronation on June 2, 1953
The Royal Family Tree
Charles Prince of Wales
Anne Princess Royal
Andrew Duke of York 约
Edward Earl of Wessex
It is the Queen's official and main royal London home. The Palace has around 600 rooms, including 19 State rooms, 52 royal and guest bedrooms, 78 bathrooms, 92 offices, a cinema and a swimming pool. It also has its own post office and police station.
考点
What is the role of the Monarchy?
英国皇室介绍英文 ppt课件
PPT课件
5
Constitutional
monarchy 君主立宪
Trooping the Color
Elizabeth II
Prince Philip
Windsor Castle
Prince Charles
Princess Diana
PPT课件
6
Queen Elizabeth II
PPT课件
7
Royal Britain
PPT课件
英国皇室
1
CONTENTS
Constitutional
monarchy 君主立宪
Trooping the Color
Elizabeth II
Prince Philip
Windsor Castle
Prince Charles
Princess Diana
PPT课件
2
PPT课件
10
Various hats .
PPT课件
11
Constitutional
monarchy 君主立宪
Trooping the Color
Elizabeth II
Prince Philip
Windsor Castle
Prince Charles
Princess Diana
PPT课件
12
Prince Philip
February 1952.
• Elizabeth’s reign [rein] (统治) has been marked by vast [vɑ:st] (巨大的) changes and in the power and prestige [pres'ti:ʒ] (声 望) of her nation.
英国政治体制君主立宪制英文介绍
position : About 1,100 hereditary and life peers
2.The speaker : Appionted by the sovereign on advice of Prime Minister
3.The qualification:
1.The Lords Spiritual (神职贵族)
就只好站在议事厅的入口处，继续 参与会议。
Frontbencher Backbencher scepter
第十二页，共23页。
4.British Government
Prime Minister Ministers (Heads of all important departments) Treasury 财政部 Ministry of Defense 国防
毕业院校：? 伊顿公学、牛津大学 国籍： 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国 (the United Kingdom)
职业： 英国首相 信仰:英国国教 (Anglicanism)( The Church of England understands itself to be
both Catholic and Reformed).
1.Wins the majority of seats in the House of Commons
2.Head of the government 3. Leader of his party
4.He has the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda(议事日程) for cabinet meetings which he also chairs.
英国君主立宪制--British Constitutional Monarchy
British citizen at least 18 years of age have the right to participate in the lower hous evolution of party system
政党制度的演变
Whigs
the liberal party the labour party
Article6
except for the parliament 's permission,any other activities Military power of enlistment or maintaining a standing army, all belong to illegal.
Establishment of democracy 建立民主
《 Bill of right 》《权利法案》
The expansion of the right to be voted as the parliament representative
Complement of democracy 完善民主
election
The parliament （ legislative power ）
The upper House
（ judicial power ）
people
11
Complement of democracy 完善民主
01
The expansion of the right to be voted as the parliament representative议会选举权的扩大 The evolution of party system 政党制度的演变 The formation of responsibility cabinet system 责任内阁制的形成
政党制度的演变
Whigs
the liberal party the labour party
Article6
except for the parliament 's permission,any other activities Military power of enlistment or maintaining a standing army, all belong to illegal.
Establishment of democracy 建立民主
《 Bill of right 》《权利法案》
The expansion of the right to be voted as the parliament representative
Complement of democracy 完善民主
election
The parliament （ legislative power ）
The upper House
（ judicial power ）
people
11
Complement of democracy 完善民主
01
The expansion of the right to be voted as the parliament representative议会选举权的扩大 The evolution of party system 政党制度的演变 The formation of responsibility cabinet system 责任内阁制的形成
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Think about the relevance of the monarchy in the 21st Century
Constitutional Monarchy
Constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State.
- A constitutional monarchy also provides stability, continuity and a national focus, as the Head of State remains the same even as governments change.
U.K. Parliament
Parliament is divided into two main Houses – the upper house (the House of Lords), and the lower house (the House of Commons). The Sovereign is the head of Parliament.
Parliament is based in Westminster Palace.
The Upper House – The House of Lords
The Right Honourable The Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled
783 Seats (positions) Who? Lords Temporal: Peers of the realm: life peers and hereditary peers (Sir, Lord, Baron, Duke etc) Lords Spiritual: senior members of the Church of England What? - Much less power than the House of Commons - Discuss, debate and vote on new laws - if they vote against a new law, they can only stop it from being passed for 2 years House of Lords Act 1999 - Before this, all hereditary peers were automatically allowed to sit in Parliament - Now, life peers automatically allowed to sit - 92 hereditary peers were elected (by life peers) and can also sit in Parliament
Her full title, by virtue of the Royal Titles Act of 1953, is: "Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith"
- A constitutional monarchy also provides stability, continuity and a national focus, as the Head of State remains the same even as governments change.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
- As a constitutional monarch, the Sovereign must remain politically neutral.
- On almost all matters the Sovereign acts on the advice of ministers. However, the Sovereign retains an important political role as Head of State, formally appointing prime ministers, formally approving legislation and bestowing honours.
The leader of the ruling party is the Prime Minister. He/she is chosen by their party, and cannot make decisions without support of the House of Commons.
- The Sovereign/Monarch governs according to the constitution - that is, according to rules, rather than according to his or her own free will. There isn't a single constitution in the U.K, but a series of laws which must be followed.
U.K. Coalition Government
The last General Election (in 2010) resulted in a hung parliament. This means that none of the parties received an absolute majority (over 50% 326 seats). The Conservative Party won the highest number of seats (306). The Conservatives made an agreement with the Liberal Democrats to form a coalition government, so together they could achieve an absolute majority. The Labour Party won the next highest number of seats – 258 – so they became the Opposition.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
- The Sovereign/Monarch governs according to the constitution - that is, according to rules, rather than according to his or her own free will. There isn't a single constitution in the U.K, but a series of laws which must be followed.
Constitutional Monarchy
Constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
The Lower House – the House of Commons
The Honourable The Commons in Parliament Assembled
650 Seats (positions) Who? The Government A minister is chosen from each constituency by the electorate, and sit in the House of Commons (they are called MPs – Members of Parliament) MPs belong to a political party (there are several parties, each with their own opinions and aims). A General Election takes place every 5 years to decide which political party will lead the Government. Usually, the party with the highest number of votes leads the government, with the next highest party in the opposition. The ruling party and the opposition sit together to discuss and make laws.
Constitutional Monarchy
Constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State.
- A constitutional monarchy also provides stability, continuity and a national focus, as the Head of State remains the same even as governments change.
U.K. Parliament
Parliament is divided into two main Houses – the upper house (the House of Lords), and the lower house (the House of Commons). The Sovereign is the head of Parliament.
Parliament is based in Westminster Palace.
The Upper House – The House of Lords
The Right Honourable The Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled
783 Seats (positions) Who? Lords Temporal: Peers of the realm: life peers and hereditary peers (Sir, Lord, Baron, Duke etc) Lords Spiritual: senior members of the Church of England What? - Much less power than the House of Commons - Discuss, debate and vote on new laws - if they vote against a new law, they can only stop it from being passed for 2 years House of Lords Act 1999 - Before this, all hereditary peers were automatically allowed to sit in Parliament - Now, life peers automatically allowed to sit - 92 hereditary peers were elected (by life peers) and can also sit in Parliament
Her full title, by virtue of the Royal Titles Act of 1953, is: "Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith"
- A constitutional monarchy also provides stability, continuity and a national focus, as the Head of State remains the same even as governments change.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
- As a constitutional monarch, the Sovereign must remain politically neutral.
- On almost all matters the Sovereign acts on the advice of ministers. However, the Sovereign retains an important political role as Head of State, formally appointing prime ministers, formally approving legislation and bestowing honours.
The leader of the ruling party is the Prime Minister. He/she is chosen by their party, and cannot make decisions without support of the House of Commons.
- The Sovereign/Monarch governs according to the constitution - that is, according to rules, rather than according to his or her own free will. There isn't a single constitution in the U.K, but a series of laws which must be followed.
U.K. Coalition Government
The last General Election (in 2010) resulted in a hung parliament. This means that none of the parties received an absolute majority (over 50% 326 seats). The Conservative Party won the highest number of seats (306). The Conservatives made an agreement with the Liberal Democrats to form a coalition government, so together they could achieve an absolute majority. The Labour Party won the next highest number of seats – 258 – so they became the Opposition.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
- The Sovereign/Monarch governs according to the constitution - that is, according to rules, rather than according to his or her own free will. There isn't a single constitution in the U.K, but a series of laws which must be followed.
Constitutional Monarchy
Constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a king or queen acts as Head of State.
- It is the elected government, not the Monarch, who has the ability to make and pass laws. - As a system of government, constitutional monarchy separates the Head of State’s ceremonial and official duties from party politics.
The Lower House – the House of Commons
The Honourable The Commons in Parliament Assembled
650 Seats (positions) Who? The Government A minister is chosen from each constituency by the electorate, and sit in the House of Commons (they are called MPs – Members of Parliament) MPs belong to a political party (there are several parties, each with their own opinions and aims). A General Election takes place every 5 years to decide which political party will lead the Government. Usually, the party with the highest number of votes leads the government, with the next highest party in the opposition. The ruling party and the opposition sit together to discuss and make laws.