中考语文考前模拟分项汇编专题08扩展压缩仿写修辞标点含解析

合集下载

2019年中考语文专项训练专题八:修辞的手法与仿写

2019年中考语文专项训练专题八:修辞的手法与仿写

专题八修辞的手法与仿写(含语法、应用文)(一)修辞(2018巴中)下列各句所使用的修辞手法判断错误的一项是(()1.A.“我在开花!”它们在笑。

“我在开花!”它们嚷嚷。

(反复、拟人)B.如果说自然的智慧是大海,那么,人类的智慧就只是大海中的一个小水滴。

(比喻)C.他以微笑战胜暴力,以嘲笑战胜专制,以讽刺战胜宗教的自以为是,以坚毅战胜顽固,以真理战胜愚昧。

(排比)D.我难道就没有应该责备自己的地方吗?我不是常常让你们丢下功课替我浇花吗?(设问)答案:D导析:本题考查修辞手法的辨析,难度不大。

ABC.正确;D.考查设问的用法,有问有答是设问,本题运用的修辞手法是反问;故选:D。

2. (2018吉林)下面各项中,修辞手法与选句一致的一项是( )A. 比喻——五十岁上下的女人站在我面前,两手搭在髀间,没有系裙,张着两脚,正像一个画图仪器里细脚伶仃的圆规。

(鲁迅《故乡》)B. 反复——风声在云外呼唤着,远山也在送青了。

(张晓风《到山中去》)C. 排比——山河睡了而风景醒着,春天睡了而种子醒着。

(洛夫《湖南大雪——赠长沙李元洛》)D. 拟人——他的耳后脖根,土壤肥沃,常常宜于种麦。

(梁实秋《雅舍小品》)答案:A导析:此题考查修辞手法辨析。

常用的修辞手法有:比喻、拟人、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、设问、反问。

解答时根据各个修辞手法的特点来判断。

A.选句与所给出的修辞手法一致;B.选句运用了拟人的修辞;C.选句运用了拟人的修辞;D.选句运用了夸张的修辞。

3. (2018邵阳)下列语句没有使用修辞手法的一项是()A. 面对青春时光,我们必须坚持一个信念:珍惜,珍惜,再珍惜。

B. 电影《芳华》是冯小刚与严歌苓联手打造的一部反映我军上世纪七、八十年代文工团生活的大片。

C. 知否,知否,应是绿肥红瘦。

D. 中国军人屠戮妇婴的伟绩,八国联军惩创学生的武功,不幸全被这几缕血痕抹煞了。

答案:B导析:考查修辞手法的理解。

A句运用了反复的修辞;B句没有使用修辞;C句运用了借代、反复和对比等修辞;D句运用了对偶的修辞。

中考语文考点15扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(全国通用)

中考语文考点15扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(全国通用)

扩展语句主要有以下几种考查形式:1.句意丰富型扩展。

一般给出一个简单的句子,要求考生运用记叙、描写等表达方式,通过添加恰当的修饰成分,或运用恰当的修辞手法,使之内容充实、具体生动。

2.意象组合型扩展。

一般情况下,题目给出几个意象或几个相关的动词、形容词,要求考生运用给出的词语描绘出一种画面,营造一种意境。

3.话题拓展型扩展。

题目给定一个话题,要求考生根据要求进行扩展,这种题型实际上就是微写作。

4.情景再现型扩展。

试题设定一个情景,或给定一个语句,要求考生根据要求还原一个场景。

5.续写语句型扩展。

即题目提供一句话或一段话,要求考生能根据所提供的具体的语言环境续写一句话或几句话。

综观上述考情,话题拓展型、情景再现型、续写语句型扩展题是重中之重。

考生在复习时,一是要加强修辞手法方面的训练;二是要加强就事论事的说理能力的培养;三是要把仿用句式、语言表达连贯等知识点与扩展紧密结合起来。

解答压缩语段题,要重点把握以下两个方面:1.明确材料的表达方式。

采用不同表达方式的语段,其表述的方法和内容不同,比如说明类语段,主要通过对概念的解说来说明某种道理、原理、结构等;描写类语段,主要通过描写景物来表达作者的某种情感等。

2.筛选出材料的主要信息。

根据语段类型,可以快速准确把握语段的主要信息,比如新闻类,可以按照时间、地点、人物、事件等筛选;议论类语段,可以通过把握论点、论据的方法筛选;说明类语段,可以通过对概念和说明概念的内容筛选等。

仿用句式是中考高频考点,要求考生能仿照题目所提供语句的句式特点,新造一个或多个句式、结构与示例相似的句子,且内容方面要符合相关要求。

该题型特别注重修辞手法的运用和语言的优美1.(2021·甘肃麦积·一模)下面句子所用修辞不同于其他三项的是()灿烂,请记住他是一个骗子。

”B.在乌黑的无边夜空中,李煜所见之月,如钩,尖锐的钩,勾人心魄。

C.平凡如泥土,孕育着收获,只要你去耕耘。

2023年高考真题和模拟题语文分项汇编专题08 语言文字运用(简答题)(解析卷)

2023年高考真题和模拟题语文分项汇编专题08 语言文字运用(简答题)(解析卷)

专题08:语言文字运用(简答题)25.请简要分析文中画波浪线部分的表达效果。

【答案】23.①别具一格。

比喻另有一种独特的风格。

(另:与众不同、别出心裁)②耳目一新。

意思是听到的、看到的跟以前完全不同,令人感觉到很新鲜:形容事物的面貌有了显著的变化。

(另:焕然一新)③游刃有余。

形容技艺熟练,做事轻松利落。

(另:炉火纯青、潇洒自如)24.是因为平台注重作品的原创性,打破了民族乐器的神秘感,传统与现代相结合的演绎方式取得了全新的视听效果。

25.①用对偶(整句或对称的句式均可):②用简洁凝练的语言展现了方锦龙作为国潮民乐大师的实力与情怀,③又阐释了前文他能给直播平台的观众带来音乐与文化盛宴的原因。

【解析】23.本题考查学生正确使用成语的能力。

①处,根据前一句“采用了中国管乐器与电子音乐配合”可知,这里是指电视纪录片《潍北的土地》中的主题音乐效果独具特色,与其他的民乐不同,所以可填“别具一格(与众不同/别出心裁)”。

别具一格:比喻另有一种独特的风格。

与众不同:表示与其他人不一样。

别出心裁:表示与众不同的新观念或办法。

用来形容诗文、美术、建筑等的构思设想独特。

②处,根据空前句“并将家喻户晓的一些影视剧、卡通作品以民乐的形式重新编排和演绎,体现了传统与现代的碰撞”可知,新民乐在视听效果上与以前完全不同,让听众感到新鲜,所以可填“耳目一新(焕然一新)”。

耳目一新:意思是听到的、看到的跟以前完全不同,令人感觉到很新鲜;形容事物的面貌有了显著的变化。

焕然一新:指改变陈旧的面貌,呈现出崭新的样子。

③处,根据语境及空后句“透彻展现了一位虔诚习乐人对琵琶不变的热忱与初心,一位国乐传承者对于中国传统乐器与文化承续的信心”可知,这里是说国潮民乐大师方锦龙在舞台上三十余种民族乐器演奏非常纯熟,所以可填“游刃有余(炉火纯青、潇洒自如)”。

游刃有余:形容技艺熟练,做事轻松利落。

炉火纯青:比喻功夫达到了纯熟完美的境界。

潇洒自如:形容神情举止自然大方,不受拘束。

中考语文模拟卷分类汇编(08)扩展压缩仿写修辞标点(含答案)

中考语文模拟卷分类汇编(08)扩展压缩仿写修辞标点(含答案)

专题 8:扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞、标点1.【 2019 届天津一中初三下第三次月考】对下边文段中所使用的修辞方法及其作用理解有误的一项为哪一项()思想仿佛一盘琴键,它静止着,等候着矫捷手指的撩拨,经过一片奇怪地抖动而响出一串乐音。

用手指轻轻触动你思想的琴键,弹一曲“羽毛之旅”吧。

你将感觉到阳光在你的翅膀上浅笑,白云在你的左右陪同,微风在你的毛羽间呢喃,而大地带着它的欢喜在你的脚下眩晕。

朋友,请你记着,请你记着!思想这盘琴键,只在矫捷的手指下才能有奇特的和鸣。

不要让你的手指因怠情而变得僵直。

莫非你不想在思想的琴键上,弹出清秋与隆冬的春之和鸣,奏响傍晚与黑夜的拂晓鸟声吗?A.选段中运用拟人的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,生动地写出了手指能奏出美好的音乐。

B.选段中将“阳光”“白云”和“风”“大地”给予人的行为,写出了琴键乐音的美好,从而表现了思想活跃给人们带来的精神上的欣悦与飞扬。

C.选段中运用“请你记着”这样的频频句式,提示读者要一直让自己的思想保持活跃的重要性。

D.选段结尾运用反问句式,重申了你应当有弹出春之和鸣,奏响拂晓鸟声的想法。

【答案】A【分析】【详解】 A .选段中运用了比喻的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,而非拟人的手法,理解有误。

2.【 2019 届天津一中初三下第三次月考】以下各句中,标点符号的使用符合规范的一项为哪一项()A.白洋淀景区位于雄安新区中部,分属保定市的安新、雄县、容城、高阳、以及沧州市的任丘五个县管辖。

B.倘若我们都能对那些给我们供给方便的人说声“感谢”,对那些需要帮助的人尽到自己的力量,我们这个社会还会不睦睦吗?还会不暖和吗?C.“作为文明的流传者,我们的传媒界,不可以只考虑经济利益,”他顿了顿,接着说:“更应当清楚自身的社会责任,果断抵制低俗之风,弘扬时代精神的主旋律。

”D.怎样指引学生正确使用网络资源?是值得家庭、学校和社会共同关注的重要问题。

【答案】 B【分析】【详解】 A 去掉“高阳、”后的顿号。

2019年中考语文考前模拟分项汇编专题08扩展压缩仿写修辞标点含解析

2019年中考语文考前模拟分项汇编专题08扩展压缩仿写修辞标点含解析

专题8:扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞、标点1.【2019届天津一中初三下第三次月考】对下面文段中所使用的修辞方法及其作用理解有误的一项是()思想好像一盘琴键,它静止着,等待着敏捷手指的撩拨,通过一片奇异地颤动而响出一串乐音。

用手指轻轻触动你思想的琴键,弹一曲“羽毛之旅”吧。

你将感觉到阳光在你的翅膀上微笑,白云在你的左右陪伴,和风在你的毛羽间呢喃,而大地带着它的欢乐在你的脚下眩晕。

朋友,请你记住,请你记住!思想这盘琴键,只在敏捷的手指下才能有神奇的和鸣。

不要让你的手指因怠情而变得僵硬。

难道你不想在思想的琴键上,弹出清秋与寒冬的春之和鸣,奏响黄昏与黑夜的黎明鸟声吗?A.选段中运用拟人的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,生动地写出了手指能奏出美妙的音乐。

B.选段中将“阳光”“白云”和“风”“大地”赋予人的行为,写出了琴键乐音的美妙,进而表现了思想活跃给人们带来的精神上的欣悦与飞扬。

C.选段中运用“请你记住”这样的反复句式,提醒读者要始终让自己的思想保持活跃的重要性。

D.选段结尾运用反问句式,强调了你应该有弹出春之和鸣,奏响黎明鸟声的想法。

【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.选段中运用了比喻的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,而非拟人的手法,理解有误。

2.【2019届天津一中初三下第三次月考】下列各句中,标点符号的使用合乎规范的一项是()A.白洋淀景区位于雄安新区中部,分属保定市的安新、雄县、容城、高阳、以及沧州市的任丘五个县管辖。

B.假若我们都能对那些给我们提供方便的人说声“谢谢”,对那些需要帮助的人尽到自己的力量,我们这个社会还会不和谐吗?还会不温暖吗?C.“作为文明的传播者,我们的传媒界,不能只考虑经济利益,”他顿了顿,接着说:“更应该清楚自身的社会责任,坚决抵制低俗之风,弘扬时代精神的主旋律。

”D.如何引导学生正确使用网络资源?是值得家庭、学校和社会共同关注的重要问题。

【答案】B【解析】【详解】A去掉“高阳、”后的顿号。

湖北省2021年中考试题真题语文分项汇编-专题08 文言文单篇阅读(Word版,含答案解析)

湖北省2021年中考试题真题语文分项汇编-专题08  文言文单篇阅读(Word版,含答案解析)

专题08 文言文单篇阅读(解析版)【2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题】谏院①题名②记司马光①古者谏③无官,自公卿大夫,至於工商④,无不得谏者。

汉兴以来,始置官。

②夫以天下之政,四海之.众,得失利病⑤,萃⑥於一官使言之,其为任亦重矣。

居是官者,常志其大,舍其细;先其急,后其缓;专利国家而不为身谋⑦。

彼汲汲⑧於名者,犹汲汲於利也,其间相去何远哉!③天禧⑨初真宗诏置谏官六员责其职事。

庆历中,钱君始书.其名於版,吾恐久而漫灭⑩。

嘉祐八年,刻於石。

后之人将历指其名而议之曰:“某也忠,某也诈,某也直,某也曲。

”呜呼!可不惧哉!——选自《古文观止·卷九·唐宋文》(注释)①谏院:掌管向皇帝进谏的机构。

②题名:谏官把自己的名字题写在木板上,立于谏院中,以警戒后人。

③谏无官:没有专门来规劝君王的官职。

④工商:从事于工业和从商的人,代指市井百姓。

⑤利病:优势和弊病。

⑥萃:聚集。

⑦谋:图谋,谋求。

⑧汲汲:形容心情急切。

⑨天禧:宋真宗赵恒的年号。

嘉祐:宋仁宗赵祯的最后一个年号。

⑩漫灭:污漫消除。

1.解释下列语句中加点的词语。

(1)钱君始书.其名於版 书:________(2)四海之.众 之:________2.下列对文中划横线部分的断句,正确的一项是( )A .天禧初/真宗诏置谏官六员/责其职事B .天禧初/真宗诏置/谏官六员责其职事C .天禧初真宗诏/置谏官六员/责其职事D .天禧初真宗/诏置谏官/六员责其职事3.现代汉语翻译下面句子。

汉兴盛以来,始置官。

4.细读选文第③段,用自己的话说说作者为什么要将谏官的名字刻在石头上。

5.“庆历四年春,滕子京谪守巴陵郡”,第二年范仲淹应约写下《岳阳楼记》,直接抒发了自己的政治情怀;庆历年间,司马光为警示谏官面写下此文,间接表达了自己与范仲淹相同的政治情怀。

请说说这种情怀是什么。

【答案】1.书写(结构助词)的2.A3.汉朝兴盛以来,才(开始)设置了谏官(的职位)。

专题08 文言文阅读(原卷版)-2022年中考真题语文分项汇编(四川专用)

专题08 文言文阅读(原卷版)-2022年中考真题语文分项汇编(四川专用)

专题08 文言文阅读(2022·四川凉山·中考真题)阅读下面选文,完成下面小题。

①先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。

然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。

诚宜开张..圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。

②宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同..。

若有作奸犯科及为忠善者,宜付有司论其刑赏,以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使内外异法也。

③侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,此皆良实,志虑忠纯,是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。

愚以为宫中之事,事无大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必能裨补阙漏,有所广益。

④将军向宠,性行淑均,晓畅军事,试用于昔日,先帝称之曰能,是以众议举宠为督。

愚以为营中之事,悉以咨之,必能使行阵和睦..,优劣得所。

⑤亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。

先帝在时,每与臣论此事,未尝不叹息痛恨..于桓、灵也。

侍中、尚书、长史、参军,此悉贞良死节之臣,愿陛下亲之信之,则汉室之隆,可计日而待也。

(节选自《出师表》)1.下列加点词,古今意义没有发生变化的一项是()A.诚宜开张..圣听,以光先帝遗德B.陟罚臧否,不宜异同..C.必能使行阵和睦..,优劣得所D.未尝不叹息痛恨..于桓、灵也2.下列说法有误的一项是()A.表,是古代向帝王陈情言事的一种文体,言辞往往恭敬恳切。

选文是诸葛亮呈给刘禅的表。

B.选文将叙述、议论、抒情相结合,把真挚感情融于议论、叙事之中。

C.诸葛亮首先向刘禅陈述了蜀国当时面临的不利处境,接着阐述了有利条件,之后提出三条建议。

D.诸葛亮提出的三条建议是广开言路、严明赏罚和亲贤远佞,其中严明赏罚是文章的主旨所在。

3.文中画线句子翻译正确的一项是()今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。

A.今天天下三分,益州困苦穷乏,这确实是处在万分危机、生死存亡的秋天。

通用版中考语文分项汇编 专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含解析)

通用版中考语文分项汇编 专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含解析)

专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞1.(16届江苏省江阴市暨阳中学九年级上学期第一次月考)表达与交流(66分)“诚信”是做人的基本道德标准。

可是在当今异常激烈的市场竞争中,有人认为有竞争就不能讲诚信,就又可能被竞争对手打败;择岗选秀讲诚信,自己可能被淘汰;与人相处讲诚信,自己可能吃亏上当……对此你怎么看?请写一段文字,以阐明自己的观点。

不少于100字。

(6分)【答案】“有竞争就不能讲诚信,就又可能被竞争对手打败”这种观点是错误,所谓“诚信”是对真诚的态度来对待对方,不恶意欺骗。

“诚信”并不是说把自己的一切毫无保留的暴露给别人,让别人占得先机。

商业竞争中,靠欺骗不择手段打倒别人,是下策,是短见,只能在某一段时间时占上风,但从事业的发展来说是不利的,因为竞争也离不开合作,离不开支持,没有“诚信”失去“信誉”就无法与人合作,无法得到别人的信任和支持。

“择岗选秀”“与人相处”也是一样的道理。

【解析】考点:对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读。

能力层级为探究F。

2.(16届江苏省盐城市盐都区西片九年级上学期第一次月考)自从有了网络以后,谐音字、别字史无前例般地被广泛使用起来。

电脑的超强纠错功能也无法阻止“错别字”的泛滥。

如把“吃”写作“次”,“没有”写成“木有”,“什么”写成“神马”,“我喜欢你这样子的人”成为令人目瞪口呆的“偶稀饭你酱紫的银”等。

一位报纸娱乐部的主任说:“现在看到版上有错别字都不敢改,一改,年轻人就说:你迂腐了,这是网络用语。

”对这些网络用语,有人认为是调侃口吻,有幽默感,同时可以丰富我们的语言,无可厚非;有人则认为这损害了汉语的严肃性,应该禁止。

对此,你怎么看?请谈谈你的看法。

要求:观点明确,有简要分析,字数100字左右。

(6分)【答案】网络新词的产生是正常的现象,符合网络的信息交流的特点,但我们要谨慎地使用“网络新词”,根据根据不同的环境来正确使用词语。

在语文学习中,正式的写作实践中和正规的交际活动中还是要规范的使用正规的字词,保持汉语言的严肃性和规范性,遵守汉语言的习惯,使我们的母语更加纯正。

专题08 名著阅读-2022年中考语文真题分项汇编 (全国通用)(第2期)(学生版)

专题08 名著阅读-2022年中考语文真题分项汇编 (全国通用)(第2期)(学生版)

专题08 名著阅读1.(2022·吉林·中考真题)下面是对《朝花夕拾》主题的理解,请选出不恰当...的一项()A.表达对童年自由快乐生活的喜爱。

B.表达对儿童天性被束缚的无奈和厌烦。

C.揭露阿长、庸医、衍太太等人在人性方面的丑陋。

D.批判封建社会不顾人情甚至灭绝人性的所谓“孝道”。

2.(2022·新疆·中考真题)下列选项中搭配正确的一项是()A.A B.B C.C D.D 3.(2022·浙江绍兴·中考真题)根据阅读积累,为下列名著人物选择句合适的独白。

①尼摩(《海底两万里》)( )②保尔(《钢铁是怎样炼成的》)( )③方鸿渐(《围城》)( )A.我只想靠出卖力气活着,谁知得出卖灵魂。

B.饥饿,疾病,甚至死亡,都无法使我屈服。

C.我是正义!我是力量!我是权利!D.我的人生,既无可进的进口,又无可去的去处。

4.(2022·北京·中考真题)从你阅读过的名著中选择一个人物,为他写一则简介。

要求写出人物的主要经历、人物的个性特点以及你对他的评价。

(100字左右)5.(2022·辽宁·中考真题)小说离不开情节、情节离不开矛盾冲突,矛盾冲突在小说中是必不可少的因素。

请你任意选取....以下名著中发生矛盾冲突的一组人物,概括相关故事情节。

备选人物:《水浒》杨志和晁盖一行人《红岩》成岗和徐鹏飞《骆驼祥子》祥子和孙侦探《西游记》孙悟空和唐僧一组人物:_____________矛盾冲突的情节:__________________________6.(2022·吉林·中考真题)经典涵情,读书启智。

阅读初中语文教材推荐的经典名著,你有哪些收获?请举例说明。

(《朝花夕拾》除外)(2022·江苏泰州·中考真题)阅读名著语段和相关内容,完成下面小题。

语段一:……只有那第三个妖魔不伏,腾开翅,丢了方天戟,扶摇直上,轮利爪要刁捉猴王。

中考语文模拟分项汇编(第02期)专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含解析)

中考语文模拟分项汇编(第02期)专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含解析)

专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞1.(2016届江苏省盐城市东台市许河镇中学九年级上学期第二次调研)仿照示例,在横线上填写合适的句子。

(3分)什么样的年龄最理想?什么样的心灵最明亮?什么样的人生最美好?什么样的青春最辉煌?鲜花说:枝头斗妍的年龄最理想;月亮说:;海鸥说:;太阳说:。

【答案】示例:月亮说:坦荡的心灵最明亮;海鸥说:搏击风雨的人生最美好。

太阳说:燃烧的青春最辉煌。

【解析】考点:选用、仿用、变换句式。

能力层级为表达运用E。

2.(2016届浙江省临海市杜桥中学九年级上学期第一次统练)语言运用(68分)20、按要求表述。

(8分)具象(synthetic image)文艺创作过程中活跃在作家、艺术家头脑中的基本形象。

具象与表象表象只是保持在记忆中某一事物的形象;具象则是作家艺术家在生活中多次接触多次感受、多次为之激动的既丰富多彩又高度凝缩了的形象,它不仅仅是感知、记忆的结果,而且打上了作家、艺术家的情感烙印,受到他们的思维加工。

比如“热”的具象化表现为“出汗、敞着衣服、想吃冰激凌、、、、、”,请把“奋斗”具象化,要求:情景完整,画面清晰,语言流畅优美。

【答案】略【解析】试题分析:首先要根据文中的说明了解“具象”的特点,理解“奋斗”的含义,然后依照示例内容,用具体的场景来表现“奋斗”的情形。

注意语言的生动性。

考点:对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读。

能力层级为探究F。

3.(2016届重庆市永川中学片区教研共同体九年级上学期半期考试)下面各种理解或解读错误的一项是()。

(3分)A.通过书信的形式,傅雷劝慰、激励儿子保持谦卑,不惧孤独,勇于攀登艺术高峰。

B.《陈涉世家》节选自我国第一部纪传体通史《史记》,《隆中对》节选自《三国志·蜀志·诸葛亮传》。

C.《沁园春·雪》“须晴日,看红装素裹”运用了虚写的修辞手法,描绘了想象的雪后初晴,艳阳高照的娇美景色。

D.《中国人失掉自信力了吗》一文是为批驳有些人散布对抗日前途的悲观论调,指责中国人失掉了自信力的错误观点,鼓舞民族自信心而写的。

2023年中考语文真题分项汇编(全国通用):专题08 名著阅读(第02期)(解析版)

2023年中考语文真题分项汇编(全国通用):专题08  名著阅读(第02期)(解析版)

专题08名著阅读1.(2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题)学校开展“经典阅读”活动,下面是晓嘉同学做的读书笔记,其中不正确...的一项是()A.柳宗元,字子厚,河东人,唐代文学家,“唐宋八大家”之一。

我们学过柳宗元创作的《小石潭记》。

B.《西游记》故事情节引人入胜,其中三打白骨精、车迟国斗法、真假美猴王、三调芭蕉扇等都很精彩。

C.《简·爱》中简·爱勇敢地爱上了与自己地位悬殊的罗切斯特,她坚信每个人在精神和人格上都是平等的。

D.《水浒传》的艺术成就之一是塑造了大批鲜活的英雄形象,如及时雨宋江、智多星吴用、青面兽林冲等。

【答案】D【详解】本题考查名著内容。

D.“青面兽林冲”有误,青面兽是杨志,林冲绰号豹子头。

故选D。

2.(2023·吉林·统考中考真题)在“积累与梳理”环节,小博同学展示读书笔记,表述不恰当的一项是()A.读《红星照耀中国》,我发现书中记录了作者考察所得的第一手资料,深入分析和探究了“红色中国”产生、发展的原因,对中国共产党和中国革命做了客观评价。

B.读《儒林外史》,我认为小说以范进为中心人物贯穿全书主要情节,反映了普通士人的生存状态和精神世界。

C.读《骆驼祥子》,我发现这部作品是老舍先生的一部语言力作,他在创作过程中融入了大量经过提炼和加工的北京方言。

D.读《海底两万里》,我认为小说描绘了奇幻美妙的海底世界,体现了人类自古以来渴望上天下海、自由翱翔的梦想。

【答案】B【详解】本题考查名著知识识记。

B.《儒林外史》,是清代吴敬梓创作的长篇小说。

全书五十六回,以写实主义描绘各类人士对于“功名富贵”的不同表现,一方面真实的揭示人性被腐蚀的过程和原因,从而对当时吏治的腐败、科举的弊端礼教的虚伪等进行了深刻的批判和嘲讽;一方面热情地歌颂了少数人物以坚持自我的方式所作的对于人性的守护,从而寄寓了作者的理想。

而非“以范进为中心人物贯穿全书”;表述有误;故选B。

江苏省2021年中考试题真题语文分项汇编-专题08 文学类文本阅读(Word版,含答案解析)

江苏省2021年中考试题真题语文分项汇编-专题08  文学类文本阅读(Word版,含答案解析)

专题08 文学类文本阅读(解析版)【江苏省镇江市2021年中考语文试题】阅读下面的文章,完成下面小题。

我坐了木船叶圣陶①从重庆到汉口,我坐了木船。

②木船危险,当然知道。

一路上数不尽的滩,礁石随处都是。

要出事,随时可以出。

还有盗匪——实在是最可怜的同胞,他们种地没的吃,有力气没处出卖,当了兵经常饿肚子,没奈何只好出此下策。

假如遇见了,把铺盖或者身上衣服带了去,也是异常难处的事儿。

③但是,回转来想,从前没有轮船,没有飞机,历来走川江的人都坐木船。

就是如今,上上下下的还有许多人在那里坐木船,如果统计起来,人数该比坐轮船坐飞机的多得多。

人家可以坐,我就不能坐吗?我又不比人家高贵。

至于危险,不考虑也罢。

轮船飞机就不危险吗?安步当车似乎最稳妥了,可是人家屋檐边也可能掉下一片瓦来。

要绝对避免危险就莫要做人。

④要坐轮船坐飞机,自然也有办法。

只要往各方去请托,找关系,或者干脆买张黑票。

先说黑票,且不谈付出超过定额的钱,力有不及,心有不甘,单单一个“黑”字,就叫你不愿领教。

“黑”字表示作弊,表示越出常轨。

你买黑票,无异帮同作弊,赞助越出常轨。

一个人既不能独个儿转移风气,也该在消极方面有所自守,帮同作弊,赞助越出常轨的事儿,总可以免了吧。

——这自然是书生之见....①,不值通达的人一笑。

⑤再说请托找关系,听人家说他们的经验,简直与谋差使一样的麻烦。

在传达室恭候,在会客室恭候,幸而见了那要见的人,他听说你要设法买船票,或是飞机票,爱理不理的答复你说:“困难呢……下个星期再来打听吧……”于是你觉得好像有一线希望,又好像毫无把握,只好挨到下星期再去。

跑了不知多少趟,总算有眉目了,又得往这一处签字,那一处盖章,看种种的脸色,候种种的传唤,为的是得一份充分的证据,可以去换张票子。

票子到手,身份可改变了,什么机关的部属,什么长的秘书,什么人的本人或是父亲,或者姓名仍旧,或者必须改名换姓,总之要与你自己暂时脱离关系。

最有味的是冒充什么部的士兵,非但改名换姓,还要穿上灰布棉军服,腰间束一条皮带。

专题08 名著阅读(第03期)-2023年中考语文真题分项汇编(全国通用)(解析版)

专题08  名著阅读(第03期)-2023年中考语文真题分项汇编(全国通用)(解析版)

专题08名著阅读1.(2023·山东东营·统考中考真题)老舍笔下的祥子和杨绛笔下的老王,都是在北京为生活而奔波的人力车夫,(1)二者性格特征不同:前者最终变得,后者始终。

(2)请简要说说其作者对两个人物持怎样的态度。

(20字以内)【答案】自暴自弃,走向堕落,跌入了流氓无产者之列;心地善良、老实厚道老舍对祥子这样处于底层社会劳动人民的深切同情,但同时也批判他们身上自私狭隘的个人主义;杨绛对老王这样一个心地善良、老实厚道的车夫,表达了对生活中这样不幸者的关心、同情和尊重。

【详解】(1)本题考查比较分析人物形象。

《骆驼祥子》讲述的是中国北平城里的一个年轻好强、充满生命活力的人力车夫祥子三起三落的人生经历。

祥子是个个性格鲜明的普通车夫,在他身上具有劳动人民许多优良的品质。

老舍笔下祥子初进城时老实,健壮,坚忍,如同骆驼一般。

他自尊好强,吃苦耐劳,凭自己的力气挣饭吃。

他善良纯朴,热爱劳动,对生活具有骆驼一般的积极性和坚韧的精神。

但祥子被旧社会摧残压迫,他的愿望一次又一次地被这个黑暗的社会所打破。

祥子已经失去了生活的信心。

他已经变成了麻木,潦倒,狡猾,好占便宜,吃喝嫖赌,自暴自弃的行尸走肉,跌入了流氓无产者之列;杨绛笔下的老王,虽穷苦卑微但心地善良、老实厚道,如“老王给我们楼下人家送冰,愿意给我们家带送,车费减半”、“他送的冰比他前任送的大一倍,冰价相等”,在临死之前还给“我”送香油和鸡蛋。

在老王的身上体现出的是人性的善良。

(2)本题考查作者对作品中人物的情感。

祥子:老舍同情祥子的遭遇,祥子三次买车,三次失车,小福子的死,都让作者对祥子这个人物充满了同情。

但也批判这类人身上自私狭隘的品质,如当小福子希望祥子能娶她时,祥子想到的是小福子那个家庭,害怕小福子的家庭成为自己的拖累,体现了他自私的一面。

同时,借这个人物的遭遇揭露了旧中国的黑暗,控诉了统治阶级对劳动者的剥削、压迫;老王:杨绛对老王是用善良来对待善良,他们送老王鱼肝油,不要老减半收费,坚持给鸡蛋和香油钱,这些都表达了作者对像老王这样的“不幸者”的同情和尊重。

专题08 阅读理解之议论文-5年中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编(全国通用)(原卷版)

专题08 阅读理解之议论文-5年中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编(全国通用)(原卷版)

专题08 阅读理解之议论文(2023·四川眉山·统考中考真题)Do you like to travel alone? Or do you think it’s better to travel with friends? If you’re still deciding, please read on. I will explain the advantages of both ways.One of the great things about traveling alone is that you make the rules about where you go and what you eat. You’ll be surprised at what you discover about yourself without any influence.Traveling alone really shows you what you’re made of and helps you to discover inner strength (内心的力量) you didn’t know you had. Besides, it also gives you time to think, learn and grow. When your eyes are wide open, you’ll get a whole new outlook on the world.It’s easy to think that traveling alone is lonely. Although that may sometimes be true, you’re hardly ever alone. When you travel in a one-person team, this can provide a chance for you to enjoy the most interesting part of travel—communicating with the locals and meeting travelers from all corners of the world.In fact, traveling to know more about the world is not easy. There’s research to be done, flights to be booked and choices to be made, not to mention that things can—and often do—go wrong. One of the main advantages of traveling with friends is being able to share these things and support each other through the process, even if it’s just someone who will wait with your bag when you go to the bathroom.Just as your mother always says, it’s true that traveling with others can give you a sense of safety, especially if you’re new to travel. You know that if you get lost or have your wallet stolen, there’s someone to hold your hand when you try to explain your situation in a foreign police station.There’s no right or wrong way to travel. Whether you travel alone or team up with friends, it depends on you. 1.How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1?A.By telling a story.B.By giving examples.C.By asking questions.D.By describing a scene.2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Traveling alone.B.Inner strength.C.Outside influence.D.Traveling with others.3.Traveling with friends has the following advantages EXCEPT ________.A.sharing a lot of things B.knowing yourself betterC.getting support easily D.having a sense of safety4.What’s the structure of the passage?(①=Paragraph 1 ①=Paragraph 2… )A.B.C.D.(2023·广东广州·统考中考真题)Computer scientist Mary has an idea for a new robot to help her work with children. How should it look? The robot should have arms to be able to lift things. And if it is going to communicate with people, it will also need a face. Scientists believe that giving a robot a face can make it seem more friendly. Humans would also like to pay more attention to robots with faces. But what kind?For Mary, she wants to make sure that her new robot doesn’t look too much like a human. She wants people to just treat it as a machine-person. If it looks more like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary also believes that robot faces don’t need to look a lot like ours. Her research shows that we can enjoy communicating with robots whether or not they look like humans, because our brains are able to look for faces. Just put two circles on top of a robot’s body, and we will see a face.Dave feels differently. He believes that although at first we might be afraid when seeing a robot with a lifelike face, we may soon get used to it. If robots are going to work closely with humans, they should look as much like us as possible. After all, faces are an important part of the way we communicate.To make his robots look as much like real people as possible, Dave invented a special skin (皮肤) for their faces. With this skin, robots can show human-like expressions and appear to be angry, sad, happy or surprised. Dave’s robots are also programmed to copy expressions. How? Just imagine his robot is looking at you. The cameras in its eyes send pictures of your face to its central computer!5.Why do scientists think a robot needs a face?A.It will become more beautiful.B.It can do better in lifting things.C.It will pay more attention to children.D.It can better communicate with people.6.What does the underlined word “creepy” mean in paragraph 2?A.Uncomfortable to look at.B.Impossible to touch.C.Boring to talk to.D.Difficult to understand.7.Which of the following would Dave most probably agree with?A.People should treat robots as humans.B.Robots need to express their own feelings.C.Robots shouldn't look too much like humans.D.People can easily accept robots with a human face.8.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To explain the reasons why robots should have faces.B.To suggest what humans can do with robots with faces.C.To share ideas on what kind of faces robots should have.D.To show how scientists invent robots with different faces.(2023·湖南长沙·统考中考真题)It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don’t understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other.James Smith runs the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another.I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years.Regretfully, my own grandparents weren’t around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain.However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation’s way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway.9.What is special about the Smith’s Care Home?A.It is only a childcare center actually.B.The elderly look after kids carefully there.C.It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids.10.In the writer’s opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing?A.There are more and more old people.B.The world’s population is dropping rapidly.C.The world is short of care homes for old people.11.What does the underlined word “mystery” mean in Paragraph 4?A.笑话B.悲剧C.谜团12.How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text?A.By giving examples.B.By listing numbers.C.By raising questions.13.What is the main purpose of the text?A.To explain why the world’s population ages.B.To encourage different generations to learn from each other.C.To show that older generations’ ways of thinking are incorrect.(2023·浙江·统考中考真题)Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good for you.Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力). However, learning to let go when things aren’t right is important too. Maybe your heart isn’t in playing the piano any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on? Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学) who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more. Is it because you’ve argued with a teammate or can’t get on with a new art teacher? Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on.Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise.14.The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that ________.A.we should never give up B.we should get away from troubleC.it’s all right to stop and quit D.it’s difficult to win Olympic medals15.According to Paragraph 2, learning to let go is important because we can ________.A.learn about perseverance B.have enough money to spendC.live a busier and fuller life D.feel more confident in ourselves16.By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________.A.it’s not good to stick at things we don’t likeB.we should think twice before quitting an activityC.we don’t have to take exams to show our true abilitiesD.it’s wiser to pick up a new hobby than to keep the old one17.Which could be the best title for the passage?A.Knowing When to Stop B.Working Hard to Move onC.Learning How to Grow up D.Starting Early to Make Changes(2022·四川绵阳·统考中考真题)Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing(专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness.“We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves.” says Dr. Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.”Comparing yourself to those around you is natural and we often do it without realizing it. It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests. However, it’s important to remember that nobody is perfect in real life. It’s also important to take note of how the comparison is making you feel. “If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.” says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in?”, which can help you trust yourself.Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me?”. Dr. White says that jealousy(妒忌) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful. He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up.18.What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1?A.We should compare with others.B.We should share things with brothers.C.We should enjoy concerts with sisters.D.We should focus on our own progress.19.Why should you compare yourself to your past self?A.To care about others.B.To change your purposes.C.To increase your excitement.D.To be proud of your achievements.20.What does the underlined phrase “your own strengths” probably mean in Paragraph 3?A.what you’re good at B.what you’ve understoodC.what you’re crazy about D.what you’ve experienced21.What does Dr. White suggest?A.Trusting your friends.B.Cheering on tiny success.C.Celebrating others’ success.D.Forming a deep friendship.22.What would be the best title for the passage?A.Plan Your Own Future B.Enjoy Your Own HappinessC.Run Your Own Race D.Follow Your Own Dream(2022·山东菏泽·中考真题)They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many still shoot off for a ride around the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?First, let’s look at the good for health. Cycling can improve your health and burn extra body fat. Exercising your legs helps to increase your strength. And cycling’s good isn’t just physical, but mental(精神的) as well. A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry. But it’s not only about your body and mind, there are also some good sides for your wallet’s(钱包) health.Cycling can be a great way to go to work or go around town. By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus. If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult thing. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much simpler. Then, on the bus, there are changes at stations and other passengers speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these problems. And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. Wearing high-visibility(高能见度) clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet and your own environment.So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination(结合) of all of them, the popularity of cycling is on the rise.23.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To explain a reason.B.To raise a question.C.To give an example.24.What is the meaning of “wallet's health” in Paragraph 2?A.Cycling saves money.B.Cycling wastes money.C.Cycling keeps your wallet safe.25.Why is cycling good for the environment?A.It burns extra body fat.B.It is easy to lock a bicycle.C.It helps reduce carbon footprint.26.What is the passage mainly about?A.Cycling for physical health.B.Cycling for safety on the road.C.The growing popularity of cycling.(2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题)On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions.Esme McNeely, 11The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.Lucas Barone, 11The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.Xiuhan Zhu, 9I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.Ning Li, 10Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.27.When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?A.On Mondays.B.On Wednesday.C.On weekends.28.Who is against screen-time limits?A.Esme McNeely.B.Xiuhan Zhu.C.Ning Li.29.What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?A.Screen time might do no harm to kids.B.Screen time can improve kids’ friendships.C.Screen time won’t help kids make friends.30.What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits?A.Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.B.Criminals can get important information easily.C.People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.31.What is the article mainly about?A.Screen time can be educational.B.Screen time can lead to less social time.C.Whether the government should set screen-time limits.(2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题)It’s long been a scientific dream: to give people a special vaccine before birth to prevent them from getting terrible illnesses. Gene editing (基因编辑) is one way in which we could do this. But this method has also created some discussion.In an online video posted on Nov. 26, 2018, He Jiankui, a researcher at the Southern University of Science and Technology, said that he had helped to make the world’s first genetically edited babies.The babies are twin girls who were born in November. Their father had HIV. The twins’ genes were edited in order to prevent them from suffering from the HIV virus.He said he chose to do this because HIV is widespread in China. “I feel such a strong duty not only to be the first to do this, but also to set an example,” he told AP.But his actions caused many questions. Although gene editing may help to prevent disease, many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.Some believe that gene editing could be useful to HIV patients. HIV is “a large and growing public health problem”, according to Harvard Medical School genetic professor George Church. Using gene editing for HIV is “a good idea”, Church told AP.However, others think that gene editing is still in its experimental periods and could result in terrible changes. “It could cause genetic problems later in life, including the development of cancer,” Julian Savulescu from the University of Oxford told BBC News.Others fear that people might use gene editing technology to make “designer (设计的) babies”. It would giveparents the ability to choose everything from their baby’s eye colour to their IQ.“You could find wealthy parents buying the latest ‘upgrades’ for their children, leading to even greater unfairness than we already live with,” Marcy Darnovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics told BBC News.32.What do we know about He Jiankui?A.He was the first person to edit genes.B.He made the twins suffer from HIV when he edited their genes.C.He made the world’s first genetically edited babies.D.He was the first person whose genes were edited.33.Who agreed that gene editing could be helpful to HIV patients?A.George Church.B.Julian Savulescu.C.Marcy Darnovsky.D.Chinese researchers.34.The underlined word “ethical” in the passage probably means “________”.A.合乎常情的B.道德的C.有价值的D.有效的35.According to the story, we know that gene editing ________.A.is supported by the writer B.is good for wealthy peopleC.causes some heated argument D.has been used widely in the UK36.What does “designer babies” mean in the passage?A.Parents can change their baby’s eye colour.B.Parents are able to choose their baby’s height.C.Parents can give their baby everything that he or she likes.D.Parents have a chance to prevent their baby from suffering from the virus.(2021·江苏泰州·统考中考真题)Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in China for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter.One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writer’s opinion, foreigners are an "opportunity (机会)" to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the foreigner doesn’t want toanswer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldn’t want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between Chinese and foreigners in China.Like most other "Lao Wai" living in China, I know how lonely one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese language skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today and made some very close Chinese friends.However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an "opportunity" to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to trouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation.I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner ...Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about spending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush. ________ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English, then you will probably find that you don’t have a foreign friend for long.37.Where is the writer of this passage from?A.America B.China C.Canada D.England38.Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book "H ow to make friends with foreigners"?A.Because he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.B.Because he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,C.Because no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.D.Because he wants to know about the Chinese writer’s advice on this topic.39.According to the writer of the book "How to make friends with foreigners", ________.A.his advice may make foreigners angryB.it is rude of you to ask a foreigner questionsC.you should choose a good foreigner to practise English withD.don’t waste time on a foreigner who doesn’t answer your questions40.In the fourth paragraph, the writer uses "I have had…" three times, because ________.A.he had no better sentences to express his ideas.B.he wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.C.he wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.D.he met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.41.Which sentence may be the best to fill in the "________" in the last paragraph?A.True friendships stand (经得起) the test of time.B.Learn about different cultures to make real friends.C.Friends are about opportunities or personal advantages.D.There’s real friendship between people from different countries.(2020·浙江衢州·统考中考真题)On a June afternoon in 1752, the sky began to get dark over the city. As the storm broke, most people surely hurried inside, but not Benjamin Franklin. He decided it was the perfect time to fly a kite. Franklin had been waiting for a chance like this. He wanted to show the connection between lightning(闪电) and electricity, and to do so, he needed a storm.He walked into field, and flew a kite with a piece of rope tied to it. A key was tied to the rope. The lightning hit the kite, and electricity passed through the rope to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock(电击). This, he said, proved(证明) the electrical nature of lightning.For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s experiment. Millions of schoolchildren have been amazed by his courage and his scientific spirit of looking for the truth. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. Although Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. It’s true that he did the experiment with the rope and the key. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to find out the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head. Many reports suggest that although the falling apple certainly provided ideas, there is nothing to show that the apple actually hit him on the head.In fact, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more encouraged by Franklin’s spirit than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be tested by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear even if it is a great story.42.Franklin did the experiment in order to prove ________.A.he was an excellent scientistB.flying a kite in the storm was safeC.he was not afraid of lightningD.lightning was a form of electricity43.The underlined word “fiction” probably means something ________.A.not trueB.quite differentC.not safeD.quite necessary44.Some scientists questioned whether Franklin ________ in the experiment.A.flew a kiteB.touched the keyC.was presentD.discovered electricity45.The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.A.Franklin’s spirit is encouragingB.fiction is more interesting than the truthC.Franklin’s experiment is not realD.we shouldn’t always believe accepted ideas(2020·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·统考中考真题)When Chinese people talk about the mouse, they are likely it as greedy and dishonest. It mainly comes from a Chinese folk story about the cat and the mouse.One day, the mouse and the cat made an appointment to attend a competition held by the Jade Emperor. It would decide the zodiac animals. However, the mouse did not wake the cat up and at last won by riding on the ox’s back. So the mouse ranked first on the 12 Chinese zodiac signs, and because of that, people think the mouse betrayed his friend.Probably not! Human culture is funny. There are always different ways to look at the same thing.In another folk story, people treated the mouse as a great hero. It's said that the mouse created the world by taking a bite of heaven, bringing light to humans. It helped people survive by stealing firewood and grain seeds (种子). As a result, many people respect the mouse by offering food and praying for success.Since mice live together in societies and have many babies with a high survival rate, the also represent cooperation(合作)and reproduction. With all these qualities, it's believed that people born in the Year of the。

专题08:文学作品阅读(解析版)-2022年中考语文真题分项汇编(江苏专用)

专题08:文学作品阅读(解析版)-2022年中考语文真题分项汇编(江苏专用)

专题08 文学作品阅读(一)(2022·江苏镇江·中考真题)阅读下面的文章,完成下面小题。

灯光梅子涵①我是分外恋光的。

②阴雨日的白天,没有阳光,我就一定是开灯,桌上的台灯必须亮着。

哪怕坐在那儿发呆也要亮。

有灯光的发呆,呆得心里有涟漪,一圈一圈扩数,小鱼小虾蹿得格外活跃,平凡人的喜悦、忧郁都只在一个池塘般的方圆间,有小鱼小虾一圈一圈围着,拱起温情记忆,想起还有愉快去处,一秒钟地来到,一分钟地过去,就也如小鱼小虾一样,活跃许多,蹿上蹿下。

日历上的内容除了年月日、节气,还可以由自己填上去,添上光亮心情,让自己飞扬。

③大学毕业后,我建立自己的家时,母亲问我想带走什么,我指着那盏年代已久的红罩子台灯,说:“它。

”小时候我在它的光下做作业,后来被它映亮着写文学,备课写讲义。

它一直在我的桌上,夜晚和阴沉的白天,都亮着。

④一定有着必然性,我最早的记忆也和灯光有关。

那是很小很小的时候,从那个海岛上飞来的敌人飞机轰炸发电厂,他们不想让这儿的人有灯光。

那是夜晚,外祖母抱着我,对我说,毛毛,别怕。

⑤窗外的天空有交错的探照灯光。

很长的灯柱划破天空,晃来晃去,一个很小的孩子,也能觉得它亮得那么有力量,觉得安全。

这样的记忆也许不能说是迷人的,但是拥有了,却也迷人,是属于我的池塘里的丰富,游来游去。

探照灯光保卫了我们的生命,我的长大的权利。

⑥光、灯光于我,已有自动感应,自动会亮,如影相随,也洒入我的文学文字。

⑦世界童话杰作《小王子》里的男孩子,离开他的小行星后旅行到了别的几颗小行星。

一颗一颗上遇到的人,他都觉得疑惑,不可思议,甚至反感。

唯一觉得可以欣赏,甚至想留下住在那儿的是那个点灯人的星球,小王子想和他成为朋友。

⑧每一个人都有自己的小池塘、小行星,待在自己的小方圆里,又和世界联系。

我们这样的算作作家的人,别人以为你很有水平,其实也就是写了一些故事,讲些经历,说说心情,无论完全真实或者纯属虚构,都会传到别人眼前和耳边。

2019年中考语文真题分类汇编专题8:修辞、仿写、应用文

2019年中考语文真题分类汇编专题8:修辞、仿写、应用文
4.〔2021·〕以下对一首五律颔联和颈联的补充,最恰当的一项为哪一项〔 〕
____ 汉阳渡,初日郢门山。〔颔联〕
江上几人在,天涯孤棹__ 。〔颈联〕
A.风高 还 B.风高 回 C.高风 还 D.高风 回
[答案]C
[解析]从颔联看,应该形成对仗,“初日〞对应的应该是“高风〞,颈联中前面句子押的韵是“ai〞,故这里对应的应是“还〞〔an〕,所以应该选C。
5.[2021·]今年,为了庆祝我国建国七十周年,凉山州各中小学校开展了“中华文学经典诵读写演系列活动〞。市某中学在一次诵读写活动中,语文教师写了上联,请你为他补出下联。
上联:诵读文学经典传承优秀文化
下联: ___________________________。
[答案]下联:书写人生精采弘扬高雅艺术。
[解析]此题以“中华文学经典诵读写演系列活动〞为主题的诵读写活动,既有读,又有写,教师给的上联是诵读,所以根据题干下联对应的应该是书写,然后根据对联的写作要求写出相应的答案即可。
6.〔2021·〕建国70年以来,我国的根底设施建立迅猛开展。请你阅读下面这那么材料,并根据容对出下联。世界上最长的跨海大桥--港珠澳大桥于2021年10月23日在由主席亲自宣布正式开通。人凡超主持设计的这座大桥跨越伶仃洋,东接,西接和澳门,总长约55公里,由藏于海底的隧道、创造奇迹的人工岛、露出水面的桥组成,是粤港澳三地首次合作共建的超大型跨海交通工程。上联:忆往昔连江石拱如长虹饮涧下联:参考例如:赞今朝跨海大桥似蛟龙腾空
专题八:修辞、仿写、应用文
类型1 修辞判断
1.[2021·]以下句子与例句中使用的修辞方法一样的一项为哪一项〔〕
例句:在遥远的大海上,那里海水蔚蓝得像最美丽的矢车菊,清澈得像最纯洁的水晶。

中考语文模拟分项汇编专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含答案解析)

中考语文模拟分项汇编专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞(含答案解析)

专题09 扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞1.(2016届浙江省东阳市江北初级中学、九年级上学期期中)语言表达运用。

(5分)(1)下面是几则新闻的标题,请认真阅读,把你探究的结果写下来。

(不超过20字)(2分)①教育部将重点发展校园足球(2014年8月1日《新京报》)②全国青少年校园足球工作电视电话会议在京召开(2014年11月26日《人民日报》)③足球进校园有了第一课,一周一节足球课成现实(2015年3月4日《中国青年报》)④中小学足球课本将试点,足球进校园将有本可依(2015年4月20日《人民日报》)(2)下图是中国青少年校园足球(CSF)活动的标志。

请结合图案和文字具体介绍该标志的设计意图。

(3分)【答案】(1)校园足球工作受到重视并逐步推进。

(意思对即可。

“校园足球工作受到重视”“推进”之意,一点1分,共2分)(2)示例:图案以足球为主体,足球上标明“CSF”,意为中国青少年校园足球;给足球画上翅膀,寓意腾飞、活力和足球运动带给学生的快乐。

“阳光体育,快乐足球”8个字,点明校园足球的宗旨和意义;这几个字错落排列,富有动感,显示出活力与快乐。

(言之成理即可。

写到图案”“文字”语言通顺,共3分)【解析】考点:对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读。

能力层级为探究F。

2.(2016届广西南宁市第四十七中学九年级上学期秋季段考)综合题(共8分)今年三月份,国务院首次把“全民阅读”写进政府工作报告,一时间,全国掀起了一股阅读热潮。

学校决定开展以“尚阅读•扬正气”为主题的系列活动,请完成以下任务。

21、班级举行“全民阅读”主题班会,为做好发言,某同学搜集了以下两则材料,请根据材料写出你的探究结论。

材料一:近几年,我们欣喜地看到众多民间阅览室、图书馆建成,阅读推广公益组织成长起来了,自动借书机、流动借书车、流动图书角和24小时书店在各地出现了……全国国民阅读调查数据显示,我国国民阅读率和阅读量开始持续上升。

材料二:我们也必须看到,我国的全民阅读仍处于起步阶段。

2021年中考语文真题分项汇编专题08 综合性学习、语言运用 (浙江专用)

2021年中考语文真题分项汇编专题08  综合性学习、语言运用  (浙江专用)

专题8 综合性学习、语言运用、文化文学常识【浙江省金华市2021年中考语文试题】语言表达3.汉字的背后往往隐藏着许多奥秘,从下面“大”和“天”的字形演变过程中可以推测,“大”原本表示一个正面站立的大人形,借成人的形象表示“大”的意思,由此你可以推测,“天”原本表示______。

4.某报最近报道:一名7岁小男孩自幼缺失监护,当地公交公司为解决他的上下学问题就在他家附近设立了临时停靠站,此举赢得了当地群众的交口称赞。

如果该报“读者来信”栏目向读者征集针对此事的评论稿,请你以读者的身份写一段评论。

只写评论内容,不写书信格式,不少于80字。

【浙江省衢州市2021年中考语文试题】语言表达3.长征中哪一次战役给你留下深刻的印象?请简要叙述起因、经过、结果。

4.在“星光引路”班会中,同学们交流了心中的榜样,有历史名人,有文学形象,还有时代先锋。

仿照示例,写出你心中的榜样。

示例:心中的榜样人物:陈树湘事迹:红军三十四师在掩护全军渡湘江时,师长陈树湘腹部中弹,昏迷被俘,醒来后他撕开绷带,强忍剧痛,用手绞断自己的肠子,牺牲时年仅29岁。

他用生命实现“为苏维埃共和国流尽最后一滴血”的誓言。

5.活动结束了,请你用一个排比句写一段活动感言。

是什么让这些英雄的人们在围追堵截中鏖战,在严刑拷打中坚守,在无怨无悔中奉献?今天我明白了,_____________________。

【浙江省绍兴市2021年中考语文试题】语言表达16.观察下图,根据漫画内容,分析漫画反映的问题及其产生的原因,提出解决办法,写一段150字左右的话。

要求:语言简洁,条理清晰,分析合理。

(小贴士)Nature:科学界公认的高质量科学期刊。

【浙江省台州市2021年中考语文试题】综合性学习3.学校将成立航天社团。

下面是征集到的航天社团备选名称,请选出你认为最适合的一项,并说明理由。

A.“鲲鹏”航天社 B.“北斗”航天社C.“祝融”航天社 D.“夸父”航天社4.尽管公安部早在2017年就发文明禁止电动车入楼,但还是有很多居民为图方便,把电动车停在楼道内,甚至私拉电线给电动车充电。

中考语文试题分类汇编修辞仿写.doc

中考语文试题分类汇编修辞仿写.doc

山东省直机关工委突出抓好集中讨论交流切实保证学习教育效果。

针对学习教育环节自学深不下去、集中学习流于形式等容易出现的问题,省委省直机关工委在党的群众路线学习教育活动中,在原汁原味、原原本本抓好自学的同时,突出抓住集中讨论交流这个关键措施,使党员干部能够学得进去,深刻领会,系统把握,确保学习教育效果。

分层次安排集中讨论交流。

一是领导班子中心组集中讨论;二是以党支部为单位进行的集中讨论;三是以全体党员大会形式进行的集中讨论交流。

三个层次的集中讨论交流,分别安排在每周一、四、三。

分专题进行集中讨论交流。

为增强讨论交流的针对性,保证学习的深度,按照学习的进度确定每次集中讨论交流的中心议题,制定学习讨论交流计划,每周初再向每个党员发放提示日程表,让大家对一周学习交流安排早知道。

以便平时做足功课,提高讨论交流质量。

确定集中讨论交流中心发言人。

为了保证集中讨论交流的质量,事先确定中心发言人。

为发挥领导干部带头学习、带动学习的作用,领导班子中心组与各党支部第一次集中讨论交流,分别由工委书记和各党支部书记(处室主要负责人)作为中心发言人。

中心发言人围绕讨论议题,事先撰写发言稿或列出发言提纲,保证交流讨论主题明确,内容集中,不虚、不偏、不空,确有效果。

扩大集中讨论交流参与面。

集中讨论交流发言,只有认真学习原文、深入思考,才能言之有物,使人受到启发,同时也是个人学习成果的展示。

为此,在集中讨论交流的设计上,注意扩大交流参与面,以督促大家原汁原味、原原本本学习规定的学习内容,联系实际深入思考。

要求领导班子中心组集中讨论交流时,班子成员要逐一发言。

党支部集中讨论交流时,每个党员都要交流学习心得。

全体党员大会讨论交流的人员,从领导班子中心组和各支部的讨论交流中推选。

3次大会交流拟遴选34名同志发言,占到工委机关参学党员的一半。

注重学习的深度和系统性。

在组织集中讨论交流发言的同时,为增强学习的系统性、理论性,8月5日先由工委书记卢得志同志给大家上党课,从党的群众路线的理论基石,党的群众路线的提出、形成和发展过程,党的群众路线、群众观点的思想内涵,树立群众观点、贯彻群众路线的途径,党的群众路线与实事求是思想路线的内在联系,以及如何在机关党的工作中贯彻党的群众路线和思想路线,为全体党员作了系统、深入的解读。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

专题8:扩展、压缩、仿写、修辞、标点
1.【2019届天津一中初三下第三次月考】对下面文段中所使用的修辞方法及其作用理解有误的一项是()
思想好像一盘琴键,它静止着,等待着敏捷手指的撩拨,通过一片奇异地颤动而响出一串乐音。

用手指轻轻触动你思想的琴键,弹一曲“羽毛之旅”吧。

你将感觉到阳光在你的翅膀上微笑,白云在你的左右陪伴,和风在你的毛羽间呢喃,而大地带着它的欢乐在你的脚下眩晕。

朋友,请你记住,请你记住!思想这盘琴键,只在敏捷的手指下才能有神奇的和鸣。

不要让你的手指因怠情而变得僵硬。

难道你不想在思想的琴键上,弹出清秋与寒冬的春之和鸣,奏响黄昏与黑夜的黎明鸟声吗?
A.选段中运用拟人的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,生动地写出了手指能奏出美妙的音乐。

B.选段中将“阳光”“白云”和“风”“大地”赋予人的行为,写出了琴键乐音的美妙,进而表现了思想活跃给人们带来的精神上的欣悦与飞扬。

C.选段中运用“请你记住”这样的反复句式,提醒读者要始终让自己的思想保持活跃的重要性。

D.选段结尾运用反问句式,强调了你应该有弹出春之和鸣,奏响黎明鸟声的想法。

【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】A.选段中运用了比喻的修辞手法,把思想比作一盘琴键,而非拟人的手法,理解有误。

2.【2019届天津一中初三下第三次月考】下列各句中,标点符号的使用合乎规范的一项是()A.白洋淀景区位于雄安新区中部,分属保定市的安新、雄县、容城、高阳、以及沧州市的任丘五个县管辖。

B.假若我们都能对那些给我们提供方便的人说声“谢谢”,对那些需要帮助的人尽到自己的力量,我们这个社会还会不和谐吗?还会不温暖吗?
C.“作为文明的传播者,我们的传媒界,不能只考虑经济利益,”他顿了顿,接着说:“更应该清楚自身的社会责任,坚决抵制低俗之风,弘扬时代精神的主旋律。


D.如何引导学生正确使用网络资源?是值得家庭、学校和社会共同关注的重要问题。

【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】A去掉“高阳、”后的顿号。

C“接着说:”冒号改为逗号。

D不是疑问句,问号应为逗号。

3.【2019届天津一中初三下第三次月考】下面对诗句的赏析,不恰当的一项是()
A.出门东向看,泪落沾我衣。

(《十五从军征》)
运用动作描写和细节描写,将举目无亲、孤身一人的老兵形象刻画得栩栩如生,将他悲痛欲绝、无以言状的茫然内心表现得淋漓尽致。

B.峰峦如聚,波涛如怒。

(张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》)
运用拟人的修辞,以静写动,从视觉和听觉两个方面写出潼关雄伟强盛、不可阻遏的气势,暗示它是历来兵家必争之地。

C.天下英雄谁敌手?曹刘。

生子当如孙仲谋。

(辛弃疾《南乡子·登京口北固亭有怀》)
采用设问的修辞手法,并引用曹操的话,很自然地形成一问一答,强调孙权的雄才大略,流露出对苟且偷安、毫无振作的南宋朝廷的愤懑之情。

D.山回路转不见君,雪上空留马行处。

(岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》)
写友人离去以后的情景。

诗人送友人归去时依依不舍的深情,都通过一个意味无穷的“空”字传达了出来。

【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】B“以静写动”错误,应是“化静为动”。

4.【2019届内蒙古包头九年级毕业升学模拟】仿照加点部分,在横线上补写语句,使语意完整。

每个季节的风都给人不同的感受。

春天的风是灵动的,轻盈的身姿惊醒了沉睡的大地
.................;夏天的风是
__________,__________;秋天的风是__________,__________;冬天的风是__________,__________。

【答案】(1).示例:热辣的(2).湿闷的气息熏染着慵懒的行人(3).萧瑟的(4).急促的脚步扰动着城市的角落(5).凛冽的(6).狂躁的呼啸打破了四野的沉寂【解析】
【详解】属于补写。

补写语段或句子是综合考点和能力的考查,这类题目一般要求“根据材料内容”补写句子,要求所补写的句子内容贴切、语意连贯、逻辑严密。

此题要注意补写的语句要仿照加点部分来组织语言。

从句式结构上看,例句“灵动的”,四个字,的字句。

“轻盈的身姿惊醒了沉睡的大地”整体上是主谓宾的关系;主语部分与宾语部分都是偏正结构。

从内容上看,每句的第一个空,应该是不同季节的风的特点;每句第二个空,应该是这种风的作用。

同时运用拟人的修辞手法;表达方式为描写。

5.【2019届四川华蓥市九年级中考一模】下列标点符号使用正确的一项是()
A.年少时,眼神澄澈,心地纯良;长大了,受到名利、欲望、贪婪等熏染,变了质,走了味,失了魂。

B.有一句名言:“你希望自己成为什么样的人,你就会成为什么样的人”人生就是“自我”不断实现的过程。

C.原西南师范大学校长邱玉辉、高级工程师彭燕华、重庆大学教授尹超……等多位国内人工智能专家出席了大会。

D.近年来,因在马路上行走时使用手机而引发安全的事故屡屡曝光,“手机依赖”到底是不良习惯?还是危险的“炸弹”?这让人们不得不开始质疑。

【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】B改为“你就会成为什么样的人。

”C省略号和“等”不能连用。

D第一个问号改为逗号。

【点睛】本题考查的是标点的正确使用与修改能力。

标点符号是书面语言的有机组成部分,是书面语言不可缺少的辅助工具。

它帮助人们确切地表达思想感情和理解书面语言。

要做到结合语境,准确规范地使用标点。

相关文档
最新文档