必修2 第二单元 第二讲 课时跟踪检测
2021-2022学年高中英语人教版必修二练习：Unit 2 课时跟踪练(二) Word版含解析
课时跟踪练(二) Warming Up & Reading — Language Points一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．A slave (奴隶) is someone who is owned by another person and works for them for no money.2．Many college students offered to be volunteers (自愿者) for Olympic Games.3．People have lived in this valley since ancient (古代的) times.4．Her motto (座右铭) is “Work hard, play hard”．5．How can the athletes enjoy competing (竞争) in the Winter Olympics?6．London succeeded in hosting (主办) the 2012 Olympic Games.7．His encouragement has a magical (魔力般的) effect on children.8．Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal (奖牌) in the Olympic Games for China.9．In order to lead a healthy life, he goes to the tennis club regularly (定期地)．10．Do you know how many athletes (运动员) from around the world competed in the 2022 Olympic Games?Ⅱ.选词填空take part in，stand for，in one's place，as a matter of fact，used to，on a regular basis，compete for，take the responsibility for，as well，be admitted to1.I am sure that he will be_admitted_to Tsinghua University this summer.2．Athletes compete_for gold medals in the Olympic Games.3．Who will take_part_in the physics contest will be announced at tomorrow's meeting.4．I'm going to London and my sister's going as_well.5．The American flag stands_for freedom and justice.6．We are advised to have a medical examination on_a_regular_basis,_which is helpful to our health.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_he received an invitation from his boss to attend the party.8．The manager should take_the_responsibility_for the failure of the plan.9．Jane was ill, so I went to the conference in_her_place.10．He used_to go fishing at weekends, but now he likes playing table tennis.Ⅲ.补全句子1．He was ill yesterday. That's_why he was absent from the meeting.他昨天病了。
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如果在使用过程中，发现有任何问题，请搜索微信订阅号：fifteen1617，联系客服，会有更大的惊喜等着您哦！使用本资源，您将得到非常完美的体验，感谢您的下载使用！~超级资源（共18套）人教版必修2（全册）课时跟踪检测卷汇总课时跟踪检测(一)孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验(一)一、选择题1．下列各项中属于相对性状的是()A．克隆羊的黑毛和白毛B．眼大和眼角上翘C．桃树的红花和绿叶D．豌豆的高茎和水稻的矮茎2．下列有关孟德尔一对相对性状杂交实验的说法中，不．正确的是()A．豌豆是自花受粉，实验过程免去了人工授粉的麻烦B．在解释实验现象时，提出的“假说”是F1产生配子时，成对的遗传因子分离C．解释性状分离现象的“演绎”过程：若F1产生配子时，成对的遗传因子分离，则测交后代出现两种性状表现类型，且比例接近1∶1D．检测假设阶段完成的实验：让子一代与隐性纯合子杂交3．孟德尔探索遗传规律时，运用了“假说—演绎法”，该方法的基本内涵是：在观察与分析的基础上提出问题后，通过推理和想象提出解决问题的假说，根据假说进行演绎推理，再通过实验证明假说. 下列相关叙述中不．正确的是()A．“为什么F1只有显性性状，F2又出现隐性性状？”属于孟德尔提出的问题之一B．“豌豆在自然状态下一般是纯种”属于孟德尔假说的内容C．“测交实验”是对推理过程及结果进行的检验D．“生物性状是由遗传因子决定的，体细胞中遗传因子成对存在”属于假说内容4．在“性状分离比的模拟”实验中，有人在两个小罐中分别放了10个、50个玻璃球. 下列对他的这种做法的评价，你认为正确的是()A．会影响配子出现的概率，从而导致实验结果误差增大B．两个罐中玻璃球数量不同，会影响实验的结果C．玻璃球数量少的罐代表雄性生殖器官D．玻璃球数量多的罐代表雄性生殖器官5．关于纯合子与杂合子的叙述正确的是()A．纯合子自交，后代不发生性状分离B．杂合子杂交，后代不发生性状分离C．纯合子自交，后代发生性状分离D．杂合子自交，后代不发生性状分离6．在孟德尔进行的一对相对性状的遗传实验中，具有1∶1比例的是()①F1产生配子的分离比②F2性状分离比③F1测交后代性状分离比④亲本杂交后代性状分离比⑤F2测交后代性状分离比A．①②B．③④C．②③⑤D．①③7．关于测交方式的叙述不．正确的是()A．F1×隐性类型→检测F1的遗传因子组成B．通过测定F1的遗传因子组成来验证对分离现象理论解释的科学性C．测F1的遗传因子组成是根据F1×隐性类型→所得后代表现型反向推知的D．测交时，与F1杂交的另一亲本无特殊限制8．孟德尔对一对相对性状进行研究的过程中，发现了分离定律. 下列有关分离定律的几组比例中，能说明分离定律实质的是()A．F2的表现型之比为3∶1B．F1产生的配子之比为1∶1C．F2的基因型之比为1∶2∶1D．测交后代之比为1∶1二、非选择题9．在一些性状遗传中，具有某种遗传因子组成的合子不能完成胚胎发育，导致后代中不存在该遗传因子组成的个体，从而使性状的分离比发生变化，小鼠毛色的遗传就是一个例子. 一个研究小组经大量重复实验，在小鼠毛色遗传的研究中发现：A．黑色鼠与黑色鼠杂交，后代全部为黑色鼠B．黄色鼠与黄色鼠杂交，后代黄色鼠与黑色鼠的数量比为2∶1C．黄色鼠与黑色鼠杂交，后代黄色鼠与黑色鼠的数量比为1∶1根据上述实验结果，回答下列问题(控制毛色的显性遗传因子用A表示，隐性遗传因子用a表示)：①黄色鼠的遗传因子组成是________，黑色鼠的遗传因子组成是________.②推测不能完成胚胎发育的合子的遗传因子组成是____________.③写出上述B、C两个杂交组合的遗传图解.10．果蝇的黑体(v)与灰体(V)是一对相对性状，某实验小组对果蝇的这对相对性状进行遗传研究. 如果用含有某种添加剂的食物喂养果蝇，所有的果蝇都是黑体，现有一只用含有该种添加剂的食物喂养的黑体雄果蝇，请设计一个实验探究其遗传因子组成.(1)应选取_______________________________________________________________果蝇与待测果蝇交配.(2)用___________________________________________________________________喂养子代果蝇.(3)通过观察子代果蝇性状，推断待测果蝇的遗传因子组成：①若子代________，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为VV；②________________________________________________________________________；③________________________________________________________________________.答案1．选A眼大和眼角上翘不是同一种性状；C项也不符合同一性状的不同表现的要求；D项不是同一物种的性状.2．选A豌豆是自花传粉植物，而且是闭花受粉，在做杂交实验时要去雄并进行人工授粉.3．选B“豌豆在自然状态下一般是纯种”属于事实，是豌豆作为实验材料的优点，不属于假说内容.4．选D对于代表两性生殖器官的小罐，只要其中的两种玻璃球数量相等，两种配子出现的概率就相等，与玻璃球数量的多少无关. 对于大多数生物来说，都是雄性配子远多于雌性配子，所以代表雄性生殖器官的小罐中玻璃球的数量多于代表雌性生殖器官的小罐更符合实际情况.5．选A纯合子自交，后代全是纯合子，不会发生性状分离. 杂合子自交的后代既有纯合子，也有杂合子，会发生性状分离.6．选D F1产生两种比例相等的配子，F2的性状分离比为3∶1，F1测交后代性状分离比为1∶1.7．选D由于测交是指与隐性个体的杂交，所以可以检测另一个体遗传因子的组成，若发生性状分离，则另一个体是杂合子，若不发生性状分离则另一个体为纯合子；通过F1与隐性个体的测交，F1产生了比例相等的两种配子，验证了假说的正确性.8．选B分离定律的实质是：生物体在形成配子时，成对的遗传因子发生分离，分离后的遗传因子分别进入不同的配子中，随配子遗传给后代. 当F1为杂合子时，形成的两种配子比例为1∶1.9．解析：根据B组中黄色鼠的后代出现黑色鼠可知，B组亲本黄色个体为杂合子(Aa)，且黄色对黑色为显性，黑色个体都是隐性纯合子(aa). 由B组亲本黄色个体为杂合子(Aa)可知，其后代的遗传因子组成为1AA(黄色)∶2Aa(黄色)∶1aa(黑色)，AA个体在胚胎发育过程中死亡，则存活的黄色鼠遗传因子组成为Aa.答案：①Aa aa AA③B杂交组合：C杂交组合：10．解析：(1)根据题意可知，用含某种添加剂的食物喂养的果蝇全为黑色，则待测黑体果蝇的遗传因子组成可能为VV、Vv或vv，要确定其遗传因子组成，应选用遗传因子组成为vv的雌果蝇与其交配，且只能用不含添加剂的食物喂养得到的黑体果蝇(vv). 此外，为保证子代果蝇有较多数量，便于分析，可选用多只雌果蝇.(2)为防止食物中添加剂对子代果蝇体色产生影响，应用不含添加剂的食物来喂养子代果蝇.(3)根据杂交子代果蝇的体色，可推断被测果蝇的遗传因子组成：①若子代全为灰体，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为VV；②若子代全为黑体，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为vv；③若子代中既有灰体，也有黑体，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为Vv.答案：(1)多只用不含添加剂的食物喂养的黑体雌(2)不含添加剂的食物(3)①全为灰体②若子代全为黑体，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为vv③若子代既有灰体，也有黑体，则待测果蝇的遗传因子组成为Vv课时跟踪检测(五)基因在染色体上一、选择题1．已知果蝇的体细胞内有4对同源染色体，根据萨顿的假说，关于该动物减数分裂产生配子的说法正确的是()A．果蝇的精子中含有成对的基因B．果蝇的体细胞只含有一个基因C．果蝇的4对同源染色体上含有的基因可以同时来自父方，也可以同时来自母方D．在体细胞中，基因是成对存在的，在配子中只含有成对基因中的一个2．有关基因和染色体平行关系的叙述不．正确的是()A．基因在杂交过程中保持完整性和独立性，染色体在配子形成和受精作用中也有相对稳定的结构B．在体细胞中基因成对存在，染色体也成对. 在配子中成对的基因只有一个，同样成对的染色体也只有一条C．体细胞中成对的基因一个来自父方，一个来自母方，同源染色体也是如此D．非等位基因在形成配子时自由组合，非同源染色体在减数第二次分裂后期也是自由组合3．在某种高等动物的减数分裂过程中，等位基因的分离、非同源染色体上非等位基因的自由组合以及同源染色体上非姐妹染色单体之间的交叉互换分别发生在() A．都在减数第一次分裂后期B．减数第一次分裂前期、减数第一次分裂后期和减数第二次分裂后期C．都在减数第二次分裂后期D．减数第一次分裂后期、减数第一次分裂后期和减数第一次分裂前期4．通过对细胞有丝分裂、减数分裂和受精作用的研究，以及对染色体化学成分的分析，人们认为染色体在遗传上起重要作用. 那么，从细胞水平看，染色体能起遗传作用的理由是()A．细胞里的DNA大部分在染色体上B．染色体主要由DNA和蛋白质组成C．DNA在染色体里含量稳定，是主要的遗传物质D．染色体在生物传种接代中能保持稳定性和连续性5．果蝇的红眼对白眼为显性，且控制眼色的基因仅在X染色体上. 下列杂交组合中，通过眼色即可直接判断子代果蝇性别的一组是()A．杂合红眼雌果蝇×红眼雄果蝇B．白眼雌果蝇×红眼雄果蝇C．杂合红眼雌果蝇×白眼雄果蝇D．白眼雌果蝇×白眼雄果蝇6．某动物细胞中位于常染色体上的基因A、B、C分别对a、b、c为显性. 用两个纯合个体杂交得F1，F1测交结果为aabbcc∶AaBbCc∶aaBbcc∶AabbCc＝1∶1∶1∶1. 则F1体细胞中三对基因在染色体上的位置是()7．果蝇的红眼和白眼是由X染色体上一对等位基因控制的，现有一对红眼果蝇交配，F1中出现了白眼果蝇. 若F1的雌雄果蝇自由交配，则F2中红眼与白眼的比例为() A．3∶1B．5∶3C．13∶3D．7∶18．在果蝇中，长翅(B)对残翅(b)是显性，位于常染色体上；红眼(A)对白眼(a)是显性，位于X染色体上. 现有两只雄果蝇甲、乙和两只雌果蝇丙、丁，这四只果蝇的表现型全是长翅红眼，用它们分别交配，后代的表现型如下：甲×丁→长翅红眼、长翅白眼乙×丙→长翅红眼乙×丁→长翅红眼、长翅白眼、残翅红眼、残翅白眼对这四只果蝇基因型的推断正确的是()A．甲为BbX A Y B．乙为BbX a YC．丙为BBX A X A D．丁为bbX A X a二、非选择题9．已知果蝇的黑身与灰身是一对相对性状(显性基因用A表示，隐性基因用a表示)；长硬毛与短硬毛是另一对相对性状(显性基因用B表示，隐性基因用b表示). 现有两只果蝇杂交，所得子代的表现型及其数量如下表所示.(1)果蝇的黑身与灰身这对相对性状中，显性性状是________，理由是________________. 如果你的判断正确，那么用上表中一个灰身雌果蝇与一个灰身雄果蝇杂交，理论上应出现什么结果？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.(2)果蝇短硬毛的遗传方式是________. 如果给你提供长硬毛雌果蝇、长硬毛雄果蝇、短硬毛雌果蝇、短硬毛雄果蝇，你将如何通过一次杂交对上述判断加以验证？(只要求写出遗传图解)10．实验室中现有一批未交配过的纯种长翅灰体和残翅黑檀体的果蝇. 已知长翅和残翅这对相对性状受一对位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上的等位基因控制. 现欲利用以上两种果蝇研究有关果蝇灰体与黑檀体性状的遗传特点(说明：控制果蝇灰体和黑檀体的基因在常染色体上，所有果蝇均能正常繁殖、存活)，请设计一套杂交方案，同时研究以下两个问题：问题一：研究果蝇灰体、黑檀体是否由一对等位基因控制，并作出判断.问题二：研究控制灰体、黑檀体的等位基因是否也位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上，并作出判断.(1)杂交方案：①选取________和________两亲本杂交得F1；②F1________得F2；③分析判断.(2)对问题一的推断及结论：若F2出现性状分离，且灰体与黑檀体果蝇数目之比为________，说明控制该对性状的是一对等位基因；反之，则不是由一对等位基因控制.(3)对问题二的推断及结论：如果F2出现________种表现型，且分离比为________，说明性状的遗传符合自由组合定律，因此控制灰体、黑檀体的这对等位基因不是位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上. 反之，则可能位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上.答案1．选D根据萨顿的假说，基因和染色体行为存在着明显的平行关系，在体细胞中基因成对存在，染色体也是成对的. 在配子中成对的基因只有一个，同样，成对的染色体也只有一条；体细胞中成对的基因一个来自父方，一个来自母方，不可能同时来自父方或母方.2．选D在减数分裂过程中，同源染色体上的等位基因彼此分离的同时，非同源染色体上的非等位基因自由组合，这一过程发生在减数第一次分裂的后期.3．D4．选D注意题干中“从细胞水平看，染色体能起遗传作用的理由”. A和B选项是从分子水平说明染色体的化学组成，C选项也是从分子水平说明染色体中DNA含量的特点，这些都与题意不符.5．选B“通过眼色即可直接判断子代果蝇性别”即子代雌性和雄性果蝇眼色不同. 设红眼由基因A控制、白眼由基因a控制. A项为X A X a×X A Y→雌性都是红眼，雄性1/2红眼、1/2白眼，不能直接判断子代果蝇性别；B项为X a X a×X A Y→雌性都是红眼，雄性都是白眼，可以直接判断子代果蝇性别；C项为X A X a×X a Y→后代雌雄各1/2红眼和1/2白眼，不能直接判断子代果蝇性别；D项为X a X a×X a Y→后代全是白眼，也不能直接判断子代果蝇性别.6．选B测交就是让F1与隐性纯合子杂交，目的是确定F1的基因型. 根据题干可知，测交后代有四种基因型，说明F1产生了四种配子，即abc、ABC、aBc、AbC，由此可推出，A、a和C、c位于同一对同源染色体上.7．选C果蝇眼色是伴X染色体隐性遗传，红眼是显性，白眼是隐性. 由题意可知，F1的基因型是X A X A、X A X a、X A Y、X a Y，雌性个体中X A X A、X A X a各占1/2，雄性个体中X A Y、X a Y也是各占1/2，随机交配后，计算出白眼的比例即可. 白眼占的比例为(1/2)×(1/2)×(1/4)＋(1/2)×(1/2)×(1/2)＝3/16，因此红眼的比例为13/16.8．选C由于四个亲本都是长翅红眼，乙和丁的后代有残翅白眼，说明乙的基因性是BbX A Y，丁的基因型是BbX A X a；甲和丁的后代只有长翅，说明甲的基因型是BBX A Y；乙和丙的后代只有长翅红眼，说明丙的基因型是BBX A X A.9．解析：(1)子代中灰身与黑身出现3∶1的分离比，且子代中这对性状的表现与性别不相关联，因此灰身为显性性状，基因位于常染色体上，亲本的基因型为Aa×Aa；若选取子代中一个灰身雌果蝇与一个灰身雄果蝇杂交，选出的杂交组合有AA×AA、AA×Aa或Aa×Aa，因此杂交子代的结果为全部灰身或灰身与黑身呈现3∶1的分离比. (2)子代中长硬毛与短硬毛出现3∶1的分离比，且短硬毛均为雄性，因此长硬毛为显性性状，基因位于X 染色体上，亲本的基因型为X B X b×X B Y. 基因位于X染色体上的验证方法是取隐性雌性与显性雄性杂交，即短硬毛雌果蝇与长硬毛雄果蝇杂交.答案：(1)灰身子代中，灰身与黑身呈现出3∶1的分离比全是灰身或者灰身与黑身呈现出3∶1的分离比(2)伴X染色体隐性遗传遗传图解如图短硬毛雌果蝇长硬毛雄果蝇P X b X b×X B Y↓F1X B X b X b Y雌果蝇均为长硬毛雄果蝇均为短硬毛10．解析：如果果蝇灰体、黑檀体是由一对等位基因控制的，则该对性状的遗传符合基因的分离定律，F2的性状分离比表现为3∶1，否则就不是由一对等位基因控制；如果控制灰体、黑檀体的等位基因不位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上，则体色和翅形这两对相对性状的遗传遵循基因的自由组合定律，F2的性状分离比是9∶3∶3∶1，否则控制果蝇体色的基因就可能位于Ⅱ号同源染色体上.答案：(1)①长翅灰体残翅黑檀体②雌雄果蝇杂交(2)1∶3或3∶1(3)4 9∶3∶3∶1课时跟踪检测(七)DNA是主要的遗传物质一、选择题1．一百多年前，人们就开始了对遗传物质的探索历程. 下列有关叙述错误的是() A．最初认为遗传物质是蛋白质，是因为推测氨基酸的多种排列顺序可能蕴含遗传信息B．格里菲思通过肺炎双球菌的转化实验得出“DNA是遗传物质”的结论C．噬菌体侵染细菌实验之所以更有说服力，是因为它将蛋白质与DNA分开进行研究D．用烟草花叶病毒等进行实验，证明了RNA是该病毒的遗传物质2．在肺炎双球菌的转化实验中，在培养有R型细菌的1、2、3、4四支试管中，依次加入从S型活细菌中提取的DNA、DNA和DNA酶、蛋白质、多糖，经过培养，结果发现试管内仍然有R型细菌的是()3．(海南高考)关于T2噬菌体的叙述，正确的是()A．T2噬菌体的核酸和蛋白质中含硫元素B．T2噬菌体寄生于酵母菌和大肠杆菌中C．RNA和DNA都是T2噬菌体的遗传物质D．T2噬菌体可利用寄主体内的物质大量增殖4．格里菲思用肺炎双球菌在小鼠身上进行了著名的转化实验，此实验结果()A．证明了DNA是遗传物质B．证明了RNA是遗传物质C．证明了蛋白质是遗传物质D．没有具体证明哪一种物质是遗传物质5．在肺炎双球菌的转化实验中，能够证明DNA是遗传物质的最关键的实验步骤是()A．将无毒R型活细菌与有毒S型活细菌混合后培养，发现R型细菌转化为S型细菌B．将无毒R型活细菌与加热杀死后的S型细菌混合后培养，发现R型细菌转化为S 型细菌C．从加热杀死后的S型细菌中提取DNA、蛋白质和多糖，加入培养R型细菌的培养基中，发现R型细菌转化为S型细菌D．从S型活细菌中提取DNA、蛋白质和多糖，分别加入培养R型细菌的培养基中，发现只有加入DNA，R型细菌才能转化为S型细菌6．生物兴趣小组模拟赫尔希和蔡斯做了噬菌体侵染细菌实验如下图. 有关分析不．正确的是()A．理论上，b中不应具有放射性B．b中含放射性的高低，与②过程中搅拌是否充分有关C．若b中含有放射性，说明与①过程中培养时间的长短有关D．上述实验过程并不能证明DNA是遗传物质二、非选择题7．1952年“噬菌体小组”的赫尔希和蔡斯研究了噬菌体的蛋白质和DNA在侵染细菌过程中的功能，请回答下列有关问题：(1)他们指出“噬菌体在分子生物学中的地位就相当于氢原子在玻尔量子力学模型中的地位. ”这句话指出了噬菌体作为实验材料具有__________________的特点.(2)通过____________________________________的方法分别获得被32P和35S标记的噬菌体，用标记的噬菌体侵染细菌，从而追踪在侵染过程中__________变化.(3)侵染一段时间后，用搅拌器搅拌，然后离心得到上清液和沉淀物，检测上清液中的放射性，得到如下图所示的实验结果. 搅拌的目的是________________，所以搅拌时间少于1 min时，上清液中的放射性__________. 实验结果表明当搅拌时间足够长时，上清液中的35S和32P分别占初始标记噬菌体放射性的80%和30%，证明__________________.图中“被侵染的细菌”的存活率曲线基本保持在100%，本组数据的意义是作为对照组，以证明____________，否则细胞外________的含量会增高.(4)本实验证明在噬菌体复制和遗传过程中____________起着作用.8．请分析以下实验并回答问题.有人曾重复做了“肺炎双球菌转化实验”，步骤如下：a．将一部分S型细菌加热杀死；b．制备符合要求的培养基并均匀分为若干组，将相应菌种分别接种到各组培养基上(如下图中文字说明部分)；c．将接种后的培养基置于适宜温度下培养一段时间后，观察菌落生长情况，实验结果如下图所示.本实验可得出的结论是______________________________________________________.(2)艾弗里等人通过实验证实了在上述细菌转化过程中起作用的是DNA. 请用DNA酶做试剂，选择适当的材料用具，设计实验方案，验证“促使R型细菌转化成S型细菌的物质是DNA”，并预测实验结果，得出实验结论.①实验方案如下.第一步：从S型细菌中提取出其DNA. 同时，制备符合要求的培养基，并将盛有等量培养基的培养装置分别标号A、B、C；第二步：_________________________________________________________________；第三步：_________________________________________________________________；第四步：_________________________________________________________________.②请预测实验结果并得出合理结论. __________________________________________.③通过本实验，还有得出的新的结论：_______________________________________.答案1．选B格里菲思通过肺炎双球菌的转化实验证明S型细菌中存在一种“转化因子”，证明该“转化因子”是DNA的科学家是艾弗里，他提取S型细菌的蛋白质、多糖、DNA、脂质等，分别将其与R型细菌混合培养，证明了只有加入DNA 时，才可以实现R型细菌的转化.2．选D2、3、4三支试管内只有R型细菌，因为没有S型细菌的DNA，所以三支试管中的R型细菌都不会发生转化. 1号试管因为有S型细菌的DNA，所以会使R型细菌发生转化，但是发生转化的R型细菌只是一部分，故试管内仍然有R型细菌存在.3．D4．选D格里菲思实验只是肺炎双球菌转化实验中体内转化实验部分，实验的结论是被杀死的S型菌中含有“转化因子”，这种“转化因子”到底是什么，该实验并没有证明，而证明工作是由艾弗里来完成的.5．选D S型活细菌的各成分分开后，分别加入培养R型细菌的培养基中，只有DNA 使R型细菌转化为S型细菌，则证明DNA是遗传物质.6．选C用35S只能标记噬菌体的蛋白质外壳，噬菌体侵染细菌时，其蛋白质外壳留在细菌的细胞外，而搅拌的目的是使吸附在细菌细胞外的噬菌体及蛋白质外壳与细菌分离，离心是让上清液中析出噬菌体颗粒，沉淀物中留下被感染的大肠杆菌，因此，搅拌越充分，蛋白质外壳与细菌分离得越彻底，b中放射性越低，如果使蛋白质外壳与细菌彻底分离，则b中不含放射性. 上述实验并没有“示踪”DNA在遗传中的作用，因此不能证明DNA是遗传物质. b中理论上不含放射性，与①过程中培养时间的长短无关.7．(1)结构简单，只含有蛋白质和DNA(核酸)(2)用含32P和35S的培养基分别培养大肠杆菌，再用噬菌体分别侵染被32P和35S标记的大肠杆菌DNA和蛋白质的位置(3)使噬菌体和细菌分离较低DNA进入细菌，蛋白质没有进入细菌细菌没有裂解，没有子代噬菌体释放出来32P(4)DNA 8．解析：第(2)题是验证实验. 欲证明促进R型细菌转化的物质是DNA，可用DNA酶将S型细菌的DNA破坏，看其是否还能使R型细菌转化为S型细菌. 解答时可考虑以下几个方面：①设置对照实验，在实验组中加入提取的S型细菌的DNA；在对照组中，一组中不加任何提取物，另一组中加入提取的S型细菌的DNA和DNA酶. ②单一变量的控制，即只有培养细菌的培养基中是否加入S型细菌的DNA这一个实验变量，其余的变量(如接种的细菌种类、数量以及培养条件等)应基本相同.答案：(1)S型细菌中的“某种物质”(转化因子)能使R型细菌转化成S型细菌，而且这种转化是可遗传的(2)①第二步：A中不加任何提取物，B中加入提取的S型细菌的DNA，C中加入提取的S型细菌的DNA和DNA酶(顺序可变)第三步：在三组培养基上分别接种等量的R型细菌第四步：将接种后的培养装置放在适宜温度下培养一段时间后，观察菌落生长情况②结果预测：A中只有R型细菌菌落；B中出现R型细菌和S型细菌两种菌落；C中只有R型细菌菌落. 结论：S型细菌的DNA可以使R型细菌转化为S型细菌③DNA 只有在结构保持完整、未被破坏的前提下才具有促使R型细菌转化为S型细菌的功能课时跟踪检测(八)DNA分子的结构一、选择题1．下列关于沃森和克里克构建DNA双螺旋结构模型的叙述，错误的是()A．沃森和克里克构建DNA双螺旋结构模型是建立在DNA是以4种脱氧核苷酸为单位连接而成的长链，这4种脱氧核苷酸分别含有A、T、G、C 4种碱基的认知基础上的B．威尔金斯和富兰克林通过对DNA衍射图谱的有关数据进行分析，得出DNA分子呈。
2024新教材高中生物课时跟踪检测二分离定律的应用及解题方法新人教版必修2
课时跟踪检测（二）分别定律的应用及解题方法[理解·巩固·落实]1．假如绵羊的白色(B)对黑色(b)是显性，一只白色公羊与一只白色母羊交配，生下一只黑色小绵羊，白色公羊、白色母羊和黑色小绵羊的遗传因子组成分别是( ) A．Bb、Bb、bb B．BB、Bb、bbC．BB、BB、Bb D．Bb、BB、bb解析：选A 由右图所示的遗传图解可推知，白色公羊的遗传因子组成为Bb，白色母羊的遗传因子组成也是Bb。
2．鸡的毛腿(B)对光腿(b)为显性。
现让毛腿雌鸡甲、乙分别与光腿雄鸡丙交配，甲的后代既有毛腿又有光腿，数量比为1∶1；乙的后代全部是毛腿。
则甲、乙、丙的遗传因子组成依次是( )A．BB、Bb、bb B．bb、Bb、BBC．Bb、BB、bb D．Bb、bb、BB解析：选C 毛腿雌鸡甲(B_)与光腿雄鸡丙(bb)交配，甲的后代既有毛腿(B_)，又有光腿(bb)，数量比为1∶1，符合测交后代的比例，由此确定甲的遗传因子组成为Bb；毛腿雌鸡乙(B_)与光腿雄鸡丙(bb)交配，乙的后代全部是毛腿(B_)，由此确定乙的遗传因子组成为BB。
故选C。
3．山羊黑毛和白毛是一对相对性状，受一对遗传因子限制，下列是几组杂交试验及其结果：试验分组亲本后代母本父本黑色白色Ⅰ黑色白色82 78Ⅱ黑色黑色118 39Ⅲ白色白色0 50Ⅳ黑色白色74 0假如让试验Ⅳ的黑色雌羊亲本与试验Ⅱ的黑色雄羊亲本交配，下列四种状况最可能是( )A．全部后代都是黑色的B．全部后代都是白色的C．后代中的一半是黑色的D．后代中1/4是黑色的，或者后代中1/4是白色的解析：选A 依据杂交试验Ⅱ，具有相同性状的亲本(黑色)杂交后代出现性状分别，推断黑色是显性性状，且亲本黑色全是杂合子。
依据杂交试验Ⅳ，具有相对性状的两个亲本杂交，后代只表现一种性状(黑色)，推断亲本中的黑色雌山羊是纯合子。
杂交试验Ⅳ的黑色雌山羊(纯合子)与试验Ⅱ的黑色雄山羊(杂合子)杂交，后代全是黑色。
高中语文必修二课时跟踪检测答案
高中语文必修二课时跟踪检测答案1、1“冠者五六人”一句中的冠者指成年男子。
古代男子20岁举行束发带帽的仪式叫行冠礼，表示已经成年。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错2、下列词语中，加着重号字的注音不正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A、爱而不见（xiàn）B、搔首踟蹰（zhī）(正确答案)C、静女其娈（luán）D、彤管有炜（wěi）3、下列有关《红楼梦》的说明，正确的一项是( ) [单选题] *A.《红楼梦》中长着“两弯似蹙非蹙罥烟眉，一双似喜非喜含情目”的是王熙凤，该人最擅弄权术，例如毒设相思局、弄权铁槛寺、逼死尤二姐、破坏宝黛婚姻，最后落了个“机关算尽太聪明，反误了卿卿性命”的悲剧下场。
B.《红楼梦》中贾府的“四春”分别是：孤独的贾元春、精明的贾迎春、懦弱的贾探春、孤僻的贾惜春，取“原应叹息”之意。
C.“花谢花飞飞满天，红消香断有谁怜？……一朝春尽红颜老，花落人亡两不知！”这首诗出自《红楼梦》中人物林黛玉之手。
(正确答案)D.《红楼梦》中表明贾府收入主要书回的情节在第二十五回“乌庄头交租”一事上，表明贾府“排场费用，又不肯讲究省俭”的主要情节是“可卿丧仪”和“元春省亲”两件事。
4、1李白，字太白，号青莲居士，被后人称为“诗圣”。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错5、1鲁迅，原名周树人，字豫才，浙江绍兴人，我国著名文学家、思想家、民主战士。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)6、下列说法中正确的一项是( ) [单选题] *A.贾氏宗族的长房是荣国府，次房是宁国府。
《红楼梦》主要写荣国府的事。
太虚幻境中有两句判词说：“漫言不肖皆荣出，造衅开端实在宁”，说明宁府的罪孽超过荣府。
B.《红楼梦》中的“金陵十二钗”指的是林黛玉、薛宝钗、元春、迎春、探春、惜春、史湘云、王熙凤、妙玉、秦可卿、香菱、李纨。
C.宝玉梦游太虚幻境时，警幻仙姑带他游历了太虚幻境，并品了千红一窟茶，饮了万艳同杯酒，看了“薄命司”的册子，听了12 支名叫《红楼梦》的曲子。
北师大高中数学必修二课时跟踪检测：第二章 解析几何初步 §2 22 含解析
第二章 解析几何初步§2 圆与圆的方程2.2 圆的一般方程课时跟踪检测一、选择题1．圆x 2＋y 2－4x ＋6y ＝0的圆心坐标是( )A ．(2,3)B ．(－2,3)C ．(－2，－3)D ．(2，－3)答案：D2．方程x 2＋y 2＋Dx ＋Ey ＋F ＝0表示的曲线是以(－2,3)为圆心，4为半径的圆，则D 、E 、F 的值分别为( )A ．4，－6,3B ．－4,6,3C ．－4,6，－3D ．4，－6，－3 解析：－D 2＝－2，则D ＝4；－E 2＝3，则E ＝－6；此时方程为x 2＋y 2＋4x －6y ＋F ＝0.12 42＋(－6)2－4F ＝4，则F ＝－3.答案：D3．圆x 2＋y 2－ax ＋2y ＋1＝0关于直线x －y －1＝0对称的圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＝1，则实数a 的值为( )A ．0B ．6C ．±2D ．2解析：两圆的圆心分别为C 1⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a 2，－1，C 2(0,0)． ∵两圆关于直线x －y －1＝0对称．∴C 1C 2的中点⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a 4，－12在直线x －y －1＝0上．∴a 4＋12－1＝0，a ＝2.答案：D4．如果圆的方程为x 2＋ y 2＋kx ＋2y ＋k 2＝0，那么当圆面积最大时，圆心坐标是( )A ．(－1,1)B ．(1，－1)C ．(－1,0)D ．(0，－1)解析：R 2＝k 2＋4－4k 24＝4－3k 24. 当k 2＝0时，R 2最大，面积也最大．此时圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＋2y ＝0，圆心为(0，－1)．答案：D5．若曲线C ：x 2＋y 2＋2ax －4ay ＋5a 2－4＝0上所有的点均在第二象限内，则a 的取值范围为( )A ．(－∞，－2)B ．(－∞，－1)C ．(1，＋∞)D ．(2，＋∞) 解析：方程可化为(x ＋a )2＋(y －2a )2＝4，则圆心坐标为(－a,2a )，半径为2，由题意知，⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ －a ＜0，2a ＞0，|－a |＞2，|2a |＞2，解得a ＞2.答案：D 6．圆x 2＋y 2＋8x －4y ＝0与圆x 2＋y 2＝20关于直线y ＝kx ＋b 对称，则k 与b 的值分别为( )A ．k ＝－2，b ＝5B ．k ＝2，b ＝5C ．k ＝2，b ＝－5D ．k ＝－2，b ＝－5解析：两圆的圆心分别为(－4,2)和(0,0)，∵两圆关于直线y ＝kx ＋b 对称，∴2－0－4－0×k ＝－1，∴k ＝2. 又∵两圆心连线的中点在直线上，∴－2k ＋b ＝1，∴b ＝5.答案：B二、填空题7．已知圆C ：x 2＋y 2＋2x ＋ay －3＝0(a 为实数)上任意一点关于直线l ：x －y ＋2＝0的对称点都在圆C 上，则a ＝________.解析：由题意可得圆C 的圆心⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－1，－a 2在直线x －y ＋2＝0上，将⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－1，－a 2代入直线方程得－1－⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－a 2＋2＝0，解得a ＝－2. 答案：－28．圆C 的方程为x 2＋y 2－4x －5＝0，若此圆的一条弦AB 的中点为P (3,1)，则直线AB 的方程为______________________________________________．解析：由题可设直线AB 的斜率为k .由圆的知识可知：CP ⊥AB .所以k CP ·k ＝－1.又k CP ＝1－03－2＝1⇒k ＝－1. 所以直线AB 的方程为y －1＝－(x －3)，即x ＋y －4＝0.答案：x ＋y －4＝09．已知圆C 经过A (5,1)，B (1,3)两点，圆心在x 轴上，则圆C 的方程为__________________．解析：设圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＋Dx ＋Ey ＋F ＝0.∵圆心在x 轴上，∴－E 2＝0，则E ＝0.此时圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＋Dx ＋F ＝0，由题意得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧52＋12＋5D ＋F ＝0，12＋32＋D ＋F ＝0， 解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ D ＝－4，F ＝－6.∴圆的方程为x 2＋y 2－4x －6＝0.答案：x 2＋y 2－4x －6＝0三、解答题10．求过点A (1，－1)，B (－1,1)，且圆心在直线x ＋y －2＝0上的圆的方程． 解：设所求圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＋Dx ＋Ey ＋F ＝0，则由题意得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1＋1＋D －E ＋F ＝0，1＋1－D ＋E ＋F ＝0，－D 2＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－E 2－2＝0.即⎩⎨⎧ D －E ＋F ＝－2，－D ＋E ＋F ＝－2，D ＋E ＝－4.∴⎩⎨⎧ D ＝－2，E ＝－2，F ＝－2.∴所求圆的方程为x 2＋y 2－2x －2y －2＝0.11．已知x 2＋y 2＋(3t ＋1)x ＋ty ＋t 2－2＝0表示一个圆．(1)求t 的取值范围；(2)若圆的直径为6，求t 的值．解：(1)因为方程表示一个圆，则有D 2＋E 2－4F >0，所以(3t ＋1)2＋t 2－4(t 2－2)>0.所以23t >－9，即t >－332.(2)圆x 2＋y 2＋(3t ＋1)x ＋ty ＋t 2－2＝0的标准式方程为⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫x ＋3t ＋122＋⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫y ＋t 22＝(3t ＋1)2＋t 2－4(t 2－2)4， 由条件知，圆的半径是3，所以3＝12 (3t ＋1)2＋t 2－4(t 2－2).所以23t ＋9＝36.所以t ＝932>－323，所以t ＝932.12．已知一圆过点P (4，－2)，Q (－1,3)两点，且在y 轴上截得的线段长为43，求圆的方程．解：设圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＋Dx ＋Ey ＋F ＝0，圆与y 轴的交点为A (0，m )，B (0，n )，令x ＝0，则y 2＋Ey ＋F ＝0，所以m 、n 是这个方程的根，且m ＋n ＝－E ，mn ＝F .所以|AB |2＝(m －n )2＝(m ＋n )2－4mn ＝E 2－4F ＝(43)2，故E 2－4F ＝48. ①又因为点P (4，－2)、Q (－1,3)在这个圆上，所以16＋4＋4D －2E ＋F ＝0，且1＋9－D ＋3E ＋F ＝0.即4D －2E ＋F ＋20＝0， ②－D ＋3E ＋F ＋10＝0. ③解①②③得D ＝－2，E ＝0，F ＝－12或D ＝－10，E ＝－8，F ＝4. 因此圆的方程是x 2＋y 2－2x －12＝0或x 2＋y 2－10x －8y ＋4＝0.13．已知Rt △AOB 中|OB |＝3|AB |＝5，点P 是△AOB 内切圆上一点，求以|P A ||PB ||PO |为直径的三个圆面积之和的最大值与最小值．解：如图，建立平面直角坐标系，使A ，B ，O 三点的坐标分别为A (4,0)，B (0,3)，O (0,0)，设P (x ，y )，内切圆半径为r ，则有|OA |·r ＋|OB |·r ＋|AB |·r ＝|OA |·|OB |所以r ＝1.故内切圆的方程是(x －1)2＋(y －1)2＝1，化简为x 2＋y 2－2x －2y ＋1＝0.①又|P A |2＋|PB |2＋|PO |2＝(x －4)2＋y 2＋x 2＋(y －3)2＋x 2＋y 2＝3x 2＋3y 2－8x －6y ＋25.②由①可知x 2＋y 2－2y ＝2x －1.将其代入②，则有|P A |2＋|PB |2＋|PO |2＝3(2x －1)－8x ＋25＝－2x ＋22，因为x ∈[0,2]，故|P A |2＋|PB |2＋|PO |2的最大值为22，最小值为18，三个圆面积之和，S ＝π⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫|P A |22＋π⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫|PB |22＋π⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫|PO |22＝π4(|P A |2＋|PB |2＋|PO |2)， π4×22＝11π2，π4×18＝92π，所以所求面积之和的最大值为11π2，最小值为9π2.。
高考英语(人教版)课时跟踪检测：必修二 Unit2 The Olympic Games (Word版含答案)[ 高考]
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课时跟踪检测(七)The Olympic GamesⅠ.单项填空1．(2014·安徽省芜湖三校一模)—It is reported that he was sentenced to life in prison for economy crime.—Really？________ People would cheer for it.A．It all depends.B．So what?C．What's wrong? D．He deserves it.2．(2014·湖北宜昌三校高三联考)The secretary always acts as if she were ________ the company, which makes her colleagues very disgusted.A．in charge of B．in terms ofC．in honor of D．in favor of3．(2014·齐鲁名校高三联考)Usually, the organizing committee should have a ________ meeting every two weeks.A．common B．regularC．similar D．normal4．—He admitted ________ in the exam.—That's why he was not admitted ________ universities or colleges.A．to cheat; by B．cheating; toC．to cheat; to D．cheating; by5．(2014·甘肃金昌二中模拟)Hosting the 31st Olympics is ________ great honor and the Brazilians are working hard to make the games ________ success.A．a; 不填B．不填；aC．a; a D．不填；不填6．(2014·南昌第二中学高三检测)We must keep our room clean, for dirt and disease go________，you know.A．hand in hand B．step by stepC．from time to time D．one after another7．—Your iPhone is really cheap at that price.—Yes, it is a real ________.A．exchange B．businessC．trade D．bargain8．(2014·安徽芜湖一中模拟)—What do you think worries Lukas so much?—________.A．He broke his left legB．He has failed his maths examC．Lost his iPadD．What Jim said just now9．A new manager will come to take ________ charge of this company, which was in ________ charge of Mr. Wang.A．the; the B．/; /C．the; / D．/; the10．Robert has rich work experience, so it will ________ for his lack of academic knowledge.A．pick up B．take upC．bring up D．make up11．(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and ______.A．neither won't Tom B．Tom won't eitherC．Tom will too D．so will Tom12．(2013·石家庄模拟)Mrs.Brown always told her children to be good, warning them to ________ trouble.A．live up to B．keep out ofC．put up with D．take part in13．(2014·合肥第三次教学质量检测)Privacy sometimes ________ be quite a problem when you're sharing space in a college dorm.A．can B．mustC．should D．shall14．(2011·湖北高考)Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________，but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A．project B．commitmentC．competition D．ambition15．(2014·青岛高三一模)The shop assistant would sell the sweater for 100 yuan, but Susan would only ________ half the price and finally they made a deal.A．bargain B．offerC．supply D．chargeⅡ.阅读理解(2014·宿州市高三模拟)Every day for the last two weeks, Huang Huang, the dog, has repeated the same tragic (悲剧的) routine.Sniffing (嗅) from seat to seat, the lonely dog searches a bus in spite of the trouble yet in the hope of picking up his missing master's scent (气味). But his master never comes. In a heartbreaking refusal to face the truth that he has almost certainly been abandoned by his master, the loyal dog has returned to the same bus stop every day for the past 15 days. Every day he has waited patiently inline for the bus to arrive, boarded with other passengers and then searched the seats.Drivers say he spends ten hours every day searching any bus that passes. But finally, as night falls, he gives up and disappears into the darkness, only to return the next day to start again.According to bus staff interviewed by local paper, Huang Huang has appeared at the stop consistently (一贯地) for the past 15 days. “Every day I go to the stop five times, and every day that dog will jump on my bus to give it an inspection，” a conductor said. “At first I thought he was looking for food, but lat er I realized that he was looking for its owner.”And he's now become something of a local celebrity (名人) in the city after one person filmed his painstaking searches on a mobile phone and posted it online. His newfound fame will not be of a comfort to the lonely dog as his owner is yet to be found. A bookseller named Fung said he thought he had seen Huang Huang standing with his owner in the car park around a month ago.“We're worried that his owner might be looking for him and might come back to him，” Fung said. “Such a loyal dog ... Who would be willing to part with him? I can only hope that he quickly be reunited with his owner and won't have to wait here at the bus stop every day.”1．What is the main idea of the passage?A．The dog has been abandoned by his master.B．The dog jumps on the bus every day.C．The dog has become a local celebrity.D．Loyal dog searches for his missing owner.2．The dog boards a bus to ________.A．find food B．look for his ownerC．tour around the city D．become famous3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A．The dog works hard every day to search for a master.B．A book seller perhaps saw the dog's owner.C．The fame the dog had got brought him a comfort.D．The dog failed to find his owner in the end.4．What is the people's feeling towards the homeless dog?A．Careless. B．Sympathetic.C．Disappointed. D．Pleased.Ⅲ.任务型读写(2014·淮北五校高三第四次联考)Most of us use the telephone several times a day to talk with friends or make social arrangements. These calls are usually quite easy and require little planning.Using the telephone for business purpose is different. In any organization the person on the telephone represents the company and gives an impression of the firm to the outside world.If you want to ensure good public relations, you need to master effective telephone techniques.You should try to give an impression of an efficient, friendly, progressive company eager to give good service.Before callingChoose the right time. Consider the cost, urgency and convenience. When calling overseas, you need to consider the time difference.Check the number. A great deal of money is wasted each year on dialing wrong numbers.Plan your call. Make a list of points and questions to be raised.Be prepared. Gather any files, papers or information that may be needed during the call. It is unprofessional to have to say “Hold on while I look for that.”If you have to ask a caller to hold on, keep going back and assuring him/her that you will be as quick as possible.Avoid interruptions. Call at a time when you are unlikely to be distracted (思想不集中的)．During the callBe polite. Make time for suitable greetings like “How are you today, Jim？” and “Did you enjoy your holiday？”Put a smile in your voice. Remember, your caller can't see you, so use intonation to make a good effect and try to sound confident, decisive, helpful and interested.Check your notes. Look back at your notes to ensure that you have covered everything and quoted figures and other data correctly.Obtain feedback. Make sure the caller understands the message correctly, especially where deadlines and actions are involved.After the callMake notes. Let it become a habit to make notes of the call and place them in an appropriate file.Take action. If you need to send a letter of confirmation or inform someone in your organization about any details of the call, do some immediately so that you do not forget important points.答案Ⅰ.1.选D句意：“据报道他因为经济犯罪被判终身监禁。
2021-2022学年高中英语(人教版必修2)课时跟踪检测(二) Word版含答案
课时跟踪检测（二）Learning about Language & Using LanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1．Students were given free entrance to the football match.2．The scientist was_sunk (sink) in thought, and didn't notice what was going on around him.3．He prefers to walk to school rather than drive a car.4．Your teacher must think highly of you if he lets you attend the meeting.5．She nodded smiling to show that she agreed with me.6．I don't know where to_put (put) the picture.7．He does not like living downtown, and nor/neither does his wife.8．The explosion (explode) of Moscow airport was heard 10 miles away.Ⅱ.完成句子1．—You seemed to be deeply struck by his skill.—Not exactly. It was his courage rather_than_his_skill (而不是他的技能) that really struck me most.2．I'm new here. Could you tell me where_the_entrance_to_the_school_is (学校的大门在哪里) please?3．Take_apart (拆开) the watch to see if there's something wrong with it.4．In the society where we grow up, people think_highly_of_careers (相当重视职业)．5．It_was_proved_that (结果表明) the question was much more difficult than she had supposed.Ⅲ.完形填空My friends and I had just finished lunch at a hotel when it started to rain heavily. When it became __1__， I decided to brave the drizzle (毛毛雨) to get my car which was __2__ near my company three streets away.My friends said that I shouldn't go, __3__ because I was seven months pregnant (有孕的) then.I __4__ them that I'd be very careful. __5__ of them wanted to come with me, but I insisted that she __6__ another friend who needed help with her baby.I walked out of the hotel and started __7__ my way to the car. At a bus __8__， a passenger got off the bus with an umbrella. __9__ I knew what was happening, he walked right __10__ me and told me he would escort (护送) me to my destination. I kindly __11__ his kindness, but he was very persistent (坚持的)．During our walk, he told me that a kind stranger died one month ago after saving his daughter. He did not even get his name and all he could do now was __12__ on the kindness. When we got to the car park, he __13__ me the umbrella and soon disappeared from my __14__. I discovered that my eyes were filled with tears.So __15__ did I pay it forward? I was at home when I __16__ two construction workers walking in the heavy rain. They were probably on their way to the construction site near my house, which was a long __17__. I went out and passed them the __18__. They were surprised by my __19__， and I told them they should take the umbrella and keep it. They probably __20__ why a stranger offered such kindness.语篇解读：一名生疏的男士护送有七个月身孕的“我”到了停车场并把自己的伞给了“我”，为了将他的这份爱心传递下去，“我”把伞给了两名在雨里行走的建筑工人。
(2020新教材)新人教版高中英语必修第二册UNIT 2 课时跟踪检测(二) Reading and Thinking
课时跟踪检测（二）Reading and Thinking一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．This kind of antelope (羚羊) has long ears, looking rather like a donkey.2．The story is written in plain (简单明了的) English.3．I noticed a herd (兽群) of cattle coming.4．Scientists have been exploring whether life exists (存在) on other planets.5．He succeeded in recovering (恢复) from a leg injury.6．The number of visitors is bringing a threat (威胁) to the area.7．We will stand up and hold together always as one family in harmony (和谐)．8．Small as it is, the ant is also a creature (生物) on earth.9．The valley is considered as an area of outstanding natural beauty (美)．10．He had an operation to remove (除去) a nail in his chest.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．I've got a reservation (reserve) for two nights.2．It's difficult to make out what he says.3．Her hand was_observed (observe) to shake.4．The boy was enjoying the beauty (beautiful) of nature.5．The taxi driver often reminds passengers of their belongings when they leave the car.6．He enjoys riding, fishing and shooting (shoot)．7．They started an attack against each other with sharp words.8．In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly suggest some effective_ (effect) measures be taken. 9．Unattended luggage will be_removed (remove) and may be destroyed.10．(2018·北京高考书面表达) The university is known for its language and culture courses intended (intend) for international students.Ⅲ.选词填空I could hear voices but I couldn't make_out what they were saying.2．In the past, poor workers worked day_and_night,_but they still lived a hard life.3．He is very ill, and needs someone to watch_over him all the time.4．The police had orders to shoot_at anyone who attacked them.5．She can remind me of something important, such as exams and even my birthday.6．The government should call on people to live in_harmony_with nature.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Watch_out_for the haze; it may do great harm to us.当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们造成很大损害。
(2020新教材)新人教版高中英语必修第二册UNIT 2 课时跟踪检测(三) Discovering Useful Structures
课时跟踪检测（三）Discovering Useful StructuresⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is_being_rebuilt (rebuild)．2．Many interesting experiments are_being_carried (carry) out these days.3．These children are_being_looked (look) after by an old man now.4．Wait a minute. The dishes for the dinner are_being_cooked (cook) in the kitchen.5．He is_being_punished (punish) by our teacher at the moment.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达) A new sports meeting is_being_held (hold) in our school now. 7．So many things are_being_done (do) here to prevent air pollution.8．A bridge is_being_built (build) in the distance and its construction will_be_finished (finish) in a year.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Now these old houses belong_to_my_uncle (属于我叔叔)．2．(2018·天津高考) My washing machine is_being_repaired (正在被修理) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3．She is_being_questioned (正在被提问) by several reporters now.4．The evening party the children are looking forward to is_being_held (正在被举行) now. 5．A new park is_being_built (正在被建设) here. They hope to finish it next year.6．You aren't allowed to go into the meeting room. A secret plan is_being_made (正在被制订) there.7．The law is under_discussion/being_discussed (在讨论当中).8．A new song is_being_taught (正在被教) by the teacher.9．The water in the lake is under_pollution (受到污染).10．Is the meeting being_held (正在被举行) in the hall now?Ⅲ.语法填空A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. The robot, __1__ (call) Nadine, was built by a research team at the university.Nadine has brown hair and human-like skin. She can talk and act like a human and she even has her own personality. The robot can show emotions, like anger and __2__ (sad) and change into different moods, __3__ (depend) on the topics she is talking about.Nadine is the most advanced and human-like robot so far. She has built-in software that is similar to Apple's Siri, which works on __4__ iPhone. The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far. Nadine can not only remember people she __5__ (meet) before, but she can recall things that she said at __6__ (early) conversations as well.Up to now, robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However, more and more robots __7__ (equip) with social functions. This could be important __8__ our population becoming older. Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce. On the other hand, such social robots could care for children or older people. They could play and talk with them or keep them company.Currently, Nadine __9__ (have) a job as a receptionist at the university, __10__ she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.语篇解读：本文一篇说明文。
(2020新教材)新人教版高中英语必修第二册UNIT 2 课时跟踪检测(三) Discovering Useful Structures
课时跟踪检测（三）Discovering Useful StructuresⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is_being_rebuilt (rebuild)．2．Many interesting experiments are_being_carried (carry) out these days.3．These children are_being_looked (look) after by an old man now.4．Wait a minute. The dishes for the dinner are_being_cooked (cook) in the kitchen.5．He is_being_punished (punish) by our teacher at the moment.6．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达) A new sports meeting is_being_held (hold) in our school now. 7．So many things are_being_done (do) here to prevent air pollution.8．A bridge is_being_built (build) in the distance and its construction will_be_finished (finish) in a year.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Now these old houses belong_to_my_uncle (属于我叔叔)．2．(2018·天津高考) My washing machine is_being_repaired (正在被修理) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3．She is_being_questioned (正在被提问) by several reporters now.4．The evening party the children are looking forward to is_being_held (正在被举行) now. 5．A new park is_being_built (正在被建设) here. They hope to finish it next year.6．You aren't allowed to go into the meeting room. A secret plan is_being_made (正在被制订) there.7．The law is under_discussion/being_discussed (在讨论当中).8．A new song is_being_taught (正在被教) by the teacher.9．The water in the lake is under_pollution (受到污染).10．Is the meeting being_held (正在被举行) in the hall now?Ⅲ.语法填空A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. The robot, __1__ (call) Nadine, was built by a research team at the university.Nadine has brown hair and human-like skin. She can talk and act like a human and she even has her own personality. The robot can show emotions, like anger and __2__ (sad) and change into different moods, __3__ (depend) on the topics she is talking about.Nadine is the most advanced and human-like robot so far. She has built-in software that is similar to Apple's Siri, which works on __4__ iPhone. The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far. Nadine can not only remember people she __5__ (meet) before, but she can recall things that she said at __6__ (early) conversations as well.Up to now, robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However, more and more robots __7__ (equip) with social functions. This could be important __8__ our population becoming older. Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce. On the other hand, such social robots could care for children or older people. They could play and talk with them or keep them company.Currently, Nadine __9__ (have) a job as a receptionist at the university, __10__ she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.语篇解读：本文一篇说明文。
(2020新教材)新人教版高中英语必修第二册UNIT 2 课时跟踪检测(四) Listening and Talking
课时跟踪检测（四）Listening and Talking一、听力强化训练Ⅰ.听第1段材料，完成第1至4题。
根据录音内容判断下列陈述是否正确，正确的在括号内填T，不正确的在括号内填F。
1．It is Wednesday today.(T)2．The man will go to a zoo to be a volunteer.(T)3．The woman and the man will go to look after little animans together.(F)4．They make it this Sunday to have supper at last. (T)Ⅱ.听第2段材料，回答第5至7题。
5．What does the man think of his neighbors?A．Unfriendly B．Friendly.C．Lovely.6．Why doesn't the man like his new neighbors?A．Their dogs bark loudly.B．They've destroyed his yard.C．They like to watch him through the window.7．What does the woman advise the man to do?A．Talk with his neighbors.B．Say hello to his neighbors.C．Call the police as soon as possible.答案：5～7BAAⅢ.听第3段材料，回答第8至11题。
8．What can be seen in Woodhill Shelter?A．Wild animals. B．Sea creatures.C．Farm animals. 9．What did Jill and Ben Smith live on?A．A plant-based diet.B．A balanced diet.C．Animal products.10．What do we know about the shelter?A．It offers free plant-based diet.B．It has won wide recognition.C．Its workers are poorly paid.11．What is advised to do to be a volunteer of the shelter?A．Make a call. B．Sign up online. C．Post a form.答案：8～11CABB附：听力材料(Text 1)W：Hi, Mike! I'm calling to ask if you'd like to come and have supper with us on Friday.M：The day after tomorrow? I'm afraid I won't be able to. I must finish my report by Friday. Or else I'll have to work this weekend.W：You work really hard. Then how about this Saturday evening?M：I'm afraid I won't be able to make it either. I promised Jenny I'd go to a zoo to be a volunteer to look after little animals with her this Saturday. How about this Sunday?W：Let me see. Yes, that would be fine. Let's make it this Sunday then.(Text 2)W：Dan, why don't you say hello to your neighbors?M：They just moved here. And I don't like them.W：Aren't they easy-going?M：Not in that way. They seem to be friendly whenever you see them.W：That sounds not bad.M：But their dogs are too noisy and they often come into my yard.W：I think dogs are lovely.M：But I don't like dogs. They're too scary and dangerous. Every time I want to go out, I have to look through the window to see whether a dog is there or not.W：Have you talked to them about this?M：No, if the dog comes in, I'll call the police.W：I think you'd better talk to your neighbors first.(Text 3)M：Today we are visiting Woodhill Shelter — the most unusual animal shelter in Britain. It does not house wild animals rescued from zoos or sea creatures from ocean parks. What it does have is a lot of lucky and happy cows, pigs, goats, sheep and chickens rescued from becoming your lunch by animal rights groups.The shelter was set up by Jill and Ben Smith. Neither of them eats animal products, but lives instead on a plant-based diet. They say it is a kinder and better way to live. The shelter wasn't much visited until 3 years after it was built, and now it has large numbers of followers.All the farm workers are volunteers without pay, but get free lunch and coffee in return for their work. If you want more information about the farm, you can phone 6978325. And if you want to become a volunteer, you must visit the website and fill in the online form. Posts are not accepted because letters are easy to lose.二、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．He was too far away to be able to identify (识别) faces.2．This is a TV education programme aimed at teenagers (青少年)．3．There are no simple solutions (解决方法) to the problem of overpopulation.4．They are in need of food and shelter (栖身之地)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．The little boy saved every coin in order that_ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's Day.2．More importantly, with the popularity of e-cards, less paper is used for making traditional cards. 3．Mother Teresa has devoted herself to caring for the poor.4．The new car is_being_tested (test) because there is something wrong with it.5．The woman was_observed (observe) to follow him closely.Ⅲ.选词填空Soon after the floods, the five women went back to clean_up the village.2．The hotel is not far_from here. Just turn right at the end of the block (街区)．3．Bedrooms are very important. In_fact,_you spend one third of your life in yours.4．It is common for both parents to work outside to bring_up a large family.5．We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search_for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.Ⅳ.完成句子1．She bought a digital camera online in_order_to_save_a_lot_of_time.她为了节省时间在网上买了一个数码相机。
必修二---第二单元---第二讲---课时跟踪检测复习课程
(限时：30分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题4分，共48分)1．(2011·金华十校联考)下图是四个家族的遗传图谱，据图分析最有可能是伴X染色体隐性遗传的是()解析：A图中Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2为患者，其女儿Ⅱ4正常，为常染色体显性遗传病。
B图最可能属于伴X染色体隐性遗传病，因为男性将致病基因通过女儿传给他的外孙。
C图中只要父亲有病，所有的女儿都患病，最有可能为伴X染色体显性遗传。
D图，第Ⅰ代，无病双亲，其儿子为患者，可判断为隐性遗传；第Ⅱ代女患者的儿子中有正常的，可判断为常染色体上的遗传病。
答案：B2．(原创题)染色体是真核细胞中重要的结构之一，下列相关论述中，不．正确的是() A．染色体经DNA酶处理后，加入双缩脲试剂会发生紫色反应B．生物的性别都是由性染色体决定的C．性染色体上的基因在遗传时也遵循孟德尔遗传规律D．通过对比Y染色体上的碱基序列可进行父子鉴定解析：染色体的主要成分是DNA和蛋白质；父亲与儿子之间的Y染色体相同；生物的性别不只与性染色体也与环境有关。
答案：B3．人的性染色体变异后XXY三体发育成男性，但果蝇的XXY三体发育成雌体，结合人和果蝇的性染色体组成产生的遗传效应可以判断，人和果蝇性别决定差异在于() A．人取决于X染色体数目，果蝇取决于Y染色体数目B．人取决于是否含有X染色体，果蝇取决于X染色体数目C．人取决于是否含有Y染色体，果蝇取决于X染色体数目D．人取决于X染色体数目，果蝇取决于是否含有Y染色体解析：人的XXY三体发育成男性，与Y染色体有关，而果蝇的XXY三体发育成雌性，与两个X染色体有关。
答案：C4．在果蝇中，长翅(B)对残翅(b)是显性，位于常染色体上；红眼(A)对白眼(a)是显性，位于X染色体上。
现有两只雄果蝇甲、乙和两只雌果蝇丙、丁，这四只果蝇的表现型全是长翅红眼，用它们分别交配，后代的表现型如下：对这四只果蝇基因型的推断正确的是()A．甲为BbX A Y B．乙为BbX a YC．丙为BBX A X A D．丁为bbX A X a解析：由于四个亲本都是长翅红眼，乙和丁的后代有残翅白眼，说明乙的基因型是BbX A Y，丁的基因型是BbX A X a；甲和丁的后代只有长翅，说明甲的基因型是BBX A Y；乙和丙的后代只有长翅红眼，说明丙的基因型是BBX A X A。
外研版高中英语必修第二册Unit2 分层跟踪检测(一)含答案
Unit 2分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out&Understanding ideasA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.She picked a large bunch of flowers for table (decorate).2.Pictures of (starve) children have made many people rush to donate money.3.The novel written by this famous writer is regarded one of the classic works.4.Today we have the (free) to decide our own future.5.As a mental health specialist,I am an active (participate) in the project.6.It’s no use (complain) about the heavy air pollution without taking action.7.The World Health Organization gave the public a (warn) that a new kind of flu virus hit many parts of the world.8.We meet (regular) to discuss the progress of the project.9.Believe me!If you vote me,you will never be disappointed!10.He decorated his home many traditional Chinese paintings.Ⅱ.选词填空1.The Dragon Boat Festival is one of the most significant traditional festivals in China which wasa Chinese poet.2.Eliminating(消除) poverty in a country with a population of 1.4 billion may a mission impossible for some Western countries.3.Many traditional customs in the Spring Festival have after thousands of years.4.On my birthday,I received a lot of gifts from my friends,of which,the one in silver paper attracted me most.5.You will hurt others if you say what you think, other people’s feelings.6.I’m writing this letter to the noise from the construction site near our school,which affected study very much.7.She saw a letter her lying upon the table.8.You will find it not difficult to master English you keep working on it.Ⅲ.单句写作1.他从一棵很高的树上摔了下来。
外研版高中英语必修第二册Unit2 分层跟踪检测(二)Using language含答案
Unit 2分层跟踪检测(二)Using languageA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.He was astonished to learn that he had won the (compete).2.This map gives no (indicate) of the heights of the hills.3.He is going to come to China for a visit the request of his father.4.Hangzhou is regarded as one of the most (attract) places in China.5.—Hello!I’d like to have a talk with Mr.Smith staying in your hotel.—I’m sorry.He isn’t here.He checked this morning.6.That was the first time for a developing country to play host the World Expo.7.The requirement of the government is that the citizens should not set off (firework) during the Spring Festival.8.I don’t fancy (go) out in this cold weather.9.The teacher suggested that much attention should (pay) to English reading.10.Their friends suggested they should put their prices.Ⅱ.用情态动词的适当形式填空1.We have different opinions in organizing class activities,but we can discuss together to make them better.2.I will be more than happy if you go together with me.3.Many people admit that smiles around the world be false,hiding other feelings like anger.4.She have participated in the activity,for she was doing paperwork in the office then.5.The fire was so big that it was several hours before firefighters get it under control.6.—You talk so much about London.You have been there.—Yeah,I went sightseeing on a tour last summer.7.—What a slow bus this is!—Yes,we just as well walk.8.You smoke in this part of the hospital.It’s not allowed.9.You feel all the training a waste of time,but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful that you did it.10.You be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.Ⅲ.单句写作1.如果你非要走的话,至少要等暴雨停了再走。
2019-2020学年新外研版必修二 UNIT 2 课时跟踪检测(三) Developing ideas 学案
UNIT 2课时跟踪检测(三) Developing ideas一、语言基础训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．He admitted (承认) that he had taken my umbrella by mistake.2．The Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is a special occasion (时刻) for family.3．The only question is how fast the process (过程) will be.4．Two thousand years ago, the festival did not_exist (存在)．5．She took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great effort (力气).6．Adults (成人) need to live their own lives, but it's difficult for children.7．The report takes a global (全球的) view of the company's problems.8．The audience (观众) want more music and less drama, so we've cut some scenes.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．I only smoke an occasional cigar; that is, I only smoke a cigar occasionally.(occasion)2．I admitted breaking/having_broken (break) the window.3．It didn't exist at that time, for it came into_existence not long ago.(exist)4．The editor (edit) told me that he would issue my recent poems in about a month's time.5．She said his death was a great_loss (lose) to herself.6．Now that she was retired (retire) she lived with her sister.Ⅲ.选词填空I have_nothing_to_do_with my neighbour because he is a selfish man.2．I feel_like I've been to Spain many years ago.3．We all look_forward_to the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe.4．The reason to be cheated is to think oneself_more clever_than_others.5．I love basketball very much and I am_keen_on it.6．My lowest expectation is no_less_than 4,000 yuan because my college degree deserves that amount.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Mary wants to_take_the_occasion_to_invite_you to visit her hometown.玛丽想利用这个机会邀请你访问她的家乡。
年人教B版高中数学必修二课时跟踪检测：第二章 平面解析几何初步 2.2 2.2.2 第2课时
第二章 平面解析几何初步2.2 直线的方程 2.2.2 直线方程的几种形式 第二课时 直线方程的一般式课时跟踪检测[A 组 基础过关]1．经过点A (－1,4)且在x 轴上的截距为3的直线方程是( ) A ．x ＋y ＋3＝0 B ．x －y ＋5＝0 C ．x ＋y －3＝0D ．x ＋y －5＝0解析：由题可知，直线经过(－1,4)，(3,0)，∴直线方程为y －04－0＝x －3－1－3，即x ＋y －3＝0.故选C ．答案：C2．已知不重合的两条直线x ＋2ay －1＝0与(a －1)x －ay ＋1＝0的斜率相等，则a 的值为( )A ．12B ．12或0C ．0D ．－12解析：当a ＝0时，两直线重合，不符合题意； 当a ≠0时，－12a ＝a －1a ，∴a ＝12， 经检验，a ＝12时，符合条件． 故选A ． 答案：A3．直线方程(3a ＋2)x ＋y ＋8＝0，若直线不过第二象限，则a 的取值范围是( )A ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－∞，－23 B ．⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤－∞，－23C ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23，＋∞D ．⎣⎢⎡⎭⎪⎫23，＋∞解析：直线方程可化为y ＝－(3a ＋2)x －8，直线不过第二象限，∴－(3a ＋2)≥0，∴a ≤－23，故选B ．答案：B4.已知两直线的方程分别为l 1：x ＋ay ＋b ＝0，l 2：x ＋cy ＋d ＝0，它们在坐标系中的位置如图所示，则( )A ．b >0，d <0，a <cB ．b >0，d <0，a >cC ．b <0，d >0，a >cD ．b <0，d >0，a <c解析：由图可知直线l 1和l 2的斜率都大于0，即k 1＝－1a >0，k 2＝－1c >0，且k 1>k 2，即－1a >－1c ，∴a <0，c <0且a >c .又l 1的纵截距－b a <0，l 2的纵截距－dc >0，∴b <0，d >0.故选C ． 答案：C5．已知直线l 1：3x ＋3y －6＝0与x 轴的交点为A ，若将l 1绕A 点逆时针方向旋转75°得到直线l 2，则l 2的方程为( )A ．x －3y －2＝0B ．x ＋3y －2＝0C ．3x －y －2＝0D ．3x ＋y －2＝0解析：l 1与x 轴的交点A (2,0)，kl 1＝－1，∴α＝135°，所以将l 1绕A 点逆时针方向旋转75°后，则l 2的倾斜角为30°，∴kl 2＝33，所以l 2的方程为y ＝33(x －2)，即x －3y －2＝0.故选A ． 答案：A6．直线2x －4y －8＝0的斜率k ＝________，在y 轴上的截距b ＝________.解析：直线方程化为斜截式得y ＝12x －2，所以k ＝12，b ＝－2. 答案：12 －27．若两点A (x 1，y 1)和B (x 2，y 2)的坐标分别满足3x 1－5y 1＋6＝0和3x 2－5y 2＋6＝0，则经过这两点的直线方程是________________．答案：3x －5y ＋6＝08．已知直线2x ＋(t －2)y ＋3－2t ＝0，分别根据下列条件，求t 的值． (1)过点(1,1)；(2)直线在y 轴上的截距为－3.解：(1)过点(1,1)，所以当x ＝1，y ＝1时， 2＋t －2＋3－2t ＝0，解得t ＝3. (2)直线在y 轴上的截距为－3， 所以过点(0，－3)， 故－3(t －2)＋3－2t ＝0， 解得t ＝95.[B 组 技能提升]1．设A ，B 是x 轴上的不同两点，点P 的横坐标为2，|P A |＝|PB |，若直线P A 的方程为x －y ＋1＝0，则直线PB 的方程是( )A ．x ＋y －5＝0B ．2x －y －1＝0C ．2y －x －4＝0D ．2x ＋y －7＝0解析：直线P A 与x 轴的交点为(－1,0)，则由题意可知PB 与x 轴的交点为(5,0)，且PB 与P A 的倾斜角互补，又k P A ＝1，∴k PB ＝－1，∴直线PB 的方程为y ＝－(x －5)， 即x ＋y －5＝0，故选A ． 答案：A2．已知a ，b 满足a ＋2b ＝1，则直线ax ＋3y ＋b ＝0必过定点( ) A ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－16，12B ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12，16C ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12，－16D ．⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫16，－12解析：∵a ＋2b ＝1，b ＝1－a 2，∴ax ＋3y ＋1－a2＝0， 即a ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x －12＋3y ＋12＝0，∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －12＝0，3y ＋12＝0，∴x ＝12，y ＝－16.故直线必过定点⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12，－16，故选C ．答案：C3．对任何实数k ，直线(3＋k )x ＋(1－2k )y ＋1＋5k ＝0恒过定点A ，那么点A 的坐标是________．解析：k ＝－3时，7y －14＝0，y ＝2，k ＝12时，72x ＋72＝0，∴x ＝－1，∴A (－1,2)．答案：(－1,2)4．在下列各种情况下，直线Ax ＋By ＋C ＝0(A ，B 不同时为零)的系数A ，B ，C 之间各有什么关系：(1)直线与x 轴平行时：________________； (2)直线与y 轴平行时：________________； (3)直线过原点时：________________； (4)直线过点(1，－1)时：________________. 答案：(1)A ＝0且B ≠0 (2)B ＝0且A ≠0(3)C ＝0且A 、B 不同时为0 (4)A －B ＋C ＝05．已知在△ABC 中，A ，B 的坐标分别为(－1,2)，(4,3)，AC 的中点M 在y 轴上，BC 的中点N 在x 轴上．(1)求点C 的坐标； (2)求直线MN 的方程．解：(1)设点C (m ，n )，由题可得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m －12＝0，n ＋32＝0，∴⎩⎨⎧m ＝1，n ＝－3.∴C 点的坐标为(1，－3)． (2)由(1)知，M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，－12，N ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫52，0，∴直线MN 的方程为x 52＋y－12＝1，即2x －10y －5＝0.6．已知△ABC 的顶点坐标为A (－1,5)，B (－2，－1)，C (4,3)，M 是BC 边上的中点．(1)求AB 边所在的直线方程； (2)求中线AM 的长． 解：(1)由两点式写方程得y －5－1－5＝x ＋1－2＋1， 即6x －y ＋11＝0，或直线AB 的斜率为k ＝－1－5－2－(－1)＝－6－1＝6，直线AB 的方程为y －5＝6(x ＋1)， 即6x －y ＋11＝0.(2)设M 的坐标为(x 0，y 0)，则由中点坐标公式得x 0＝－2＋42＝1，y 0＝－1＋32＝1，故M (1,1)，AM ＝(1＋1)2＋(1－5)2＝2 5.由Ruize收集整理。
2020学年高中英语Unit2TheOlympicGames课时训练(二)(含解析)新人教版必修2
2019-2020学年高中英语Unit 2 The Olympic Games 课时跟踪检测（二）（含解析）新人教版必修2编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019-2020学年高中英语Unit 2 The Olympic Games 课时跟踪检测（二）（含解析）新人教版必修2）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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课跟踪检测(二）Warming Up ＆ Reading — Language PointsⅠ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．The first lady of the country has hosted (主办) a dinner to treat first ladies from other countries.2．Nowadays, the old fancy style in building has been replaced （代替) with the modern one。
3．Many overseas students are planning to return to their homeland （祖国)．4．The teacher who volunteered (志愿） to teach in the poor village school was spoken highly of by many people。
5．This article will form the basis (基础) for our discussion.6．In the morning， we went on a magical (magic） journey into a world of dreams at Disneyland。
必修第二单元课时跟踪检测
必修第二单元课时跟踪检测————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：(限时：30分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共50分)1．下列关于生长素及其发现的相关实验的叙述，错误的是()A．生长素发现的实验体现了经典的科学发现过程：观察现象→提出假设→设计并完成实验→验证假设→形成理论(证实或证伪)B．1928年的温特实验结果证实：造成胚芽鞘弯曲的刺激确实是一种化学物质C．生长素的运输方式是极性运输D．生长素的主要合成部位是幼嫩的芽、叶和发育中的种子解析：生长素发现的相关经典实验的设计都遵循了科学研究的基本规律，符合科学发现过程：观察现象→提出假设→设计并完成实验→验证假设→形成理论(证实或证伪)；温特实验是在达尔文实验的基础上设计的，旨在验证达尔文实验提出的“胚芽鞘尖端可能会产生某种刺激”的结论是否正确，实验结果证实该种刺激确实存在，是一种化学物质；生长素的运输方向多数为极性运输，生长素的运输方式是主动运输；在植物体内，生长素主要在幼嫩的芽、叶和发育中的种子中产生。
答案：C2．下列有关植物激素调节的说法正确的是()A．植物激素都直接参与了细胞内的各种生命活动B．用适宜浓度的生长素溶液处理番茄就能得到无子番茄C．植物的向光现象说明生长素的生理作用具有两重性D．不同浓度的生长素溶液促进根生长的结果可能相同解析：植物激素只是调控代谢，并不参与代谢活动，只有处理未受粉的雌蕊才能得到无子番茄；向光性没有表现出两重性。
答案：D3．关于植物生命活动调节的叙述，错误的是()A．恶苗病是赤霉素作用的结果B．燕麦胚芽鞘中生长素的极性运输与光照方向无关C．脱落酸可促使老叶凋落D．成熟细胞比幼嫩细胞对生长素更为敏感解析：幼嫩细胞比成熟细胞对生长素更为敏感。
答案：D4．下列哪一项是通过减少生长素产生量而发生的()A．修剪树篱，降低其高度，可以使其枝繁叶茂B．稻农将水稻种子置于流动的河水中一段时间，促其早发芽C．将未成熟果实密封一段时间，果实成熟时间缩短D．移栽树苗之前，将部分叶片摘除，树苗更容易成活解析：根据生长素生理作用的两重性原理，修剪树篱，降低其高度，就是解除其顶端优势，通过减少顶芽产生生长素的量，降低侧芽处的生长素浓度，侧芽的抑制现象被解除，其枝叶更繁茂。
2020年人教B版高中数学必修二课时跟踪检测：第二章 平面解析几何初步 2.2 2.2.3 Wor
姓名，年级：时间：第二章平面解析几何初步2.2 直线的方程2.2.3 两条直线的位置关系课时跟踪检测［A组基础过关］1．过点A(1,1）且与直线3x＋y－1＝0平行的直线的方程为( )A．3x＋y－4＝0 B．3x－y－2＝0C．x＋3y－4＝0 D．x－3y＋2＝0解析：设所求直线方程为3x＋y＋m＝0，将（1，1）代入，3＋1＋m＝0,即m＝－4，故所求直线方程为3x＋y－4＝0，故选A．答案：A2．直线l过点(－1，2），且与直线2x－3y＋4＝0垂直，则l的方程是（）A．3x＋2y－1＝0 B．3x＋2y＋7＝0C．2x－3y＋5＝0 D．2x－3y＋8＝0解析：设直线l的方程为3x＋2y＋m＝0,将（－1，2)代入得－3＋4＋m＝0，∴m＝－1，∴l的方程为3x＋2y－1＝0,故选A．答案：A3．已知直线(a＋2)x＋2ay－1＝0与直线3x－y＋2＝0垂直，则a的值是（）A．6 B．－6C．－错误!D．错误!解析：由3（a＋2）－2a＝0,得a＝－6，故选B．答案：B4．已知三条直线x＝1,x－2y－3＝0，mx＋y＋2＝0交于一点，则m的值为（)A．1 B．2C．－1 D．－2解析：由｛x＝1，，x－2y－3＝0得交点为（1,－1)，代入mx＋y＋2＝0得m＝－1，故选C．答案：C5．两条直线l1:2x－y－1＝0与l2：x＋3y－11＝0的交点坐标为（)A．（3,2）B．（2，3）C．（－2,－3）D．(－3,－2)解析:由错误!解得错误!答案:B6．若直线l1:ax＋（1－a)y＝3与l2：（a－1)x＋（2a＋3)y＝2互相垂直,则实数a＝________。
解析：由l1⊥l2得a(a－1）＋(1－a）（2a＋3）＝0，∴a＝1或a＝－3.答案：1或－37．已知直线l1：（k－3）x＋（4－k)y＋1＝0与l2：2(k－3)x－2y＋3＝0平行,则k的值是________．解析：当k ＝3时，两条直线平行；当k ＝4时,两条直线不平行;当k ≠3且k ≠4时，由两直线平行，斜率相等，得3－k4－k＝k －3,解得k ＝5.答案：3或58．已知直线l 1：ax ＋2y ＋6＝0和直线l 2:x ＋(a －1)y ＋a 2－1＝0。
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(限时：30分钟满分：100分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共50分)1．(改编题)下列有关遗传规律的叙述中，正确的是()A．在减数分裂中，非等位基因的分离或组合是互不干扰的B．两对相对性状遗传分别符合基因分离定律时，则这两对相对性状遗传一定符合基因自由组合定律C．杂交后代出现性状分离，且分离比为3∶1，就一定为常染色体遗传D．对实验数据进行统计学分析是孟德尔成功的重要原因解析：位于非同源染色体上的非等位基因的分离或组合是互不干扰的。
两对基因位于一对同源染色体上时，其遗传不遵循自由组合定律。
伴性遗传也遵循分离定律。
答案：D2.南瓜所结果实中白色(A)对黄色(a)为显性，盘状(B)对球状(b)为显性，两对基因独立遗传。
若让基因型为AaBb的白色盘状南瓜与“某南瓜”杂交，子代表现型及其比例如图所示，则“某南瓜”的基因型为()A．AaBb B．AabbC．aaBb D．aabb解析：从题图看出，子代中白色∶黄色＝3∶1，盘状∶球状＝1∶1，所以“某南瓜”的基因型为Aabb。
答案：B3．现有三个番茄品种，甲品种的基因型为AaBBdd，乙品种的基因型为AaBbDd，丙品种的基因型为aaBBDD，三对等位基因分别位于三对同源染色体上，分别控制叶形、花色和果形三对相对性状，下列不．正确的说法是()A．甲、乙两个品种杂交，后代基因型有12种B．甲、乙两个品种杂交，后代是纯合子的概率为1/12C．乙、丙两个品种杂交，后代花色和果形的性状都相同D．通过单倍体育种技术，获得基因型为aabbdd植株的时间只要一年解析：多对基因的遗传分析可采取拆分法。
甲、乙两品种杂交，Aa×Aa―→3种基因型，BB×Bb和dd×Dd后代都是2种基因型，所以后代的基因型共有3×2×2＝12(种)；甲、乙两品种杂交，每一对基因杂交，后代是纯合子的概率都是1/2，故后代是纯合子的概率为1/2×1/2×1/2＝1/8；只研究花色和果形，乙、丙两品种中两对基因都是一个显性纯合一个杂合，所以后代只有一种表现型；对乙品种的花粉进行离体培养，其幼苗用秋水仙素处理，当年就可获得基因型为aabbdd的植株。
4．(2011·济南模拟)基因型为AaBb的植株，自交后代产生的F1有AAbb、AaBb和aaBB 三种基因型，比例为1∶2∶1，其等位基因在染色体上的位置应是()解析：AaBb自交后代基因型的比例为1∶2∶1，符合分离定律中杂合子自交的比例，因此A、a与B、b位于一对同源染色体上。
从三种基因型可以看出A与b、a与B始终在一起，因此推知A与b位于同一条染色体上，a与B位于同一条染色体上。
答案：D5.某种蝴蝶紫翅(P)对黄翅(p)是显性，绿眼(G)对白眼(g)为显性，两对基因分别位于两对同源染色体上，生物小组同学用紫翅绿眼和紫翅白眼的蝴蝶进行杂交，F1出现的性状类型及比例如右图所示。
下列说法正确的是()A．上述亲本的基因型是PpGg×PPggB．上述亲本的基因型是PpGg×ppggC．F1紫翅白眼个体自交(基因型相同个体间的交配)，其中纯合子所占比例是2/3D．F1紫翅白眼个体自交(基因型相同个体间的交配)，其中纯合子所占比例是1/2解析：由题图看出F1中紫翅与黄翅为3∶1，亲本紫翅为Pp和Pp；F1中绿眼与白眼为1∶1，亲本绿眼为Gg，白眼为gg。
上述亲本的基因型是PpGg×Ppgg。
F1紫翅白眼个体(2/3Ppgg、1/3PPgg)自交，2/3Ppgg自交纯合子(PPgg和ppgg)占1/3,1/3PPgg自交纯合子占1/3，共2/3。
答案：C6．雄蜂是由卵细胞直接发育而来的单倍体，而雌蜂是由受精卵发育而来的二倍体。
一雌蜂和一雄蜂交配产生F1，在F1雌雄个体交配产生的F2中，雄蜂的基因型共有AB、Ab、aB、ab 4种，雌蜂的基因型共有AaBb、Aabb、aaBb、aabb 4种，则亲本的基因型是() A．aabb×AB B．AaBb×AbC．Aabb×aB D．AABB×ab解析：本题的解题方法有两种：一种解法是利用题干中的信息进行逆推，分析出亲本的基因型；另一种解法是从选项出发进行正推，找出符合要求的亲本的基因型。
如第一种解法：F2中雄蜂的基因型共有AB、Ab、aB、ab 4种，由此可逆推出F1的雌蜂的基因型为AaBb。
F2中，雌蜂的基因型共有AaBb、Aabb、aaBb、aabb 4种，再结合雄蜂的基因型，可逆推出F1的雄蜂的基因型为ab。
在此基础上，可推出亲本的基因型是aabb×AB。
7．(2011·苏北四市模拟)已知某一动物种群中仅有Aabb和AAbb两种类型个体(aa的个体在胚胎期致死)，两对基因遵循基因自由组合定律，Aabb∶AAbb＝1∶1，且该种群中雌雄个体比例为1∶1，个体间可以自由交配，则该种群自由交配产生的成活子代中能稳定遗传的个体所占比例是()A．5/8 B．3/5C．1/4 D．3/4解析：该种群中Aabb∶AAbb＝1∶1，且雌雄个体比例为1∶1，自由交配时有♀Aabb×♂Aabb、♀AAbb×♂AAbb、♀Aabb×♂AAbb、♀AAbb×♂Aabb四种，成活子代中能稳定遗传的个体有9/15＝3/5。
答案：B8．(2011·徐州模拟)蝴蝶的体色，黄色(C)对白色(c)为显性，而雌的不管是什么基因型都是白色的。
棒型触角没有性别限制，雄和雌都可以有棒型触角(a)或正常类型(A)。
据下面杂交实验结果推导亲本基因型是()亲本：白、正常(父本)×白、棒(母本)雄子代：都是黄、正常雌子代：都是白、正常A．Ccaa(父)×CcAa(母) B．ccAa(父)×CcAa(母)C．ccAA(父)×CCaa(母) D．CcAA(父)×Ccaa(母)解析：根据题目条件，可以初步确定父本基因型为ccA__，母本基因型为__aa。
然后根据后代无棒眼，确定父本的基因型为ccAA；雄后代无白色，确定母本的基因型为CCaa。
答案：C9．多指症由显性基因控制，先天性聋哑由隐性基因控制，这两种遗传病的基因位于非同源染色体上。
一对男性患多指、女性正常的夫妇，婚后生了一个手指正常的聋哑孩子。
这对夫妇再生下的孩子为手指正常、先天性聋哑、既多指又先天性聋哑这三种情况的可能性依次是()A．1/2、1/4、1/8 B．1/4、1/8、1/2C．1/8、1/2、1/4 D．1/4、1/2、1/8解析：根据亲子代表现型，可推出亲代基因型父AaBb，母aaBb，他们再生一个孩子情况如下：①线表示全正常，12×34＝38， ②线表示只患聋哑，12×14＝18， ③线表示只多指，12×34＝38， ④线表示既多指又聋哑，12×14＝18。
答案：A10．人类中，显性基因D 对耳蜗管的形成是必需的，显性基因E 对听神经的发育是必需的；二者缺一，个体即聋。
这两对基因分别位于两对常染色体上。
下列有关说法，不．正确的是( )A ．夫妇中有一个耳聋，也有可能生下听觉正常的孩子B ．一方只有耳蜗管正常，另一方只有听神经正常的夫妇，只能生下耳聋的孩子C ．基因型为DdEe 的双亲生下耳聋的孩子的几率为7/16D ．耳聋夫妇可以生下基因型为DdEe 的孩子解析：听觉正常与否受两对等位基因的控制，符合孟德尔自由组合定律的条件，其基因型控制相应的表现型如下表：夫妇中一个听觉正常(D__E__)、一个耳聋(D__ee 、ddE__、ddee)有可能生下听觉正常的孩子。
双方一方只有耳蜗管正常(D__ee)，另一方只有听神经正常(ddE__)的夫妇也有可能生出听觉正常的孩子。
夫妇双方基因型均为DdEe ，后代中听觉正常的占9/16，耳聋占7/16。
基因型为D__ee 和ddE__的耳聋夫妇，有可能生下基因型为(D__E__)听觉正常的孩子。
答案：B二、非选择题(共50分)11．(16分)某草原上有一种无毒蛇，皮肤颜色受控于两种色素合成酶，黑色素酶由等位基因B 、b 控制，橘红色素酶由等位基因R 、r 控制。
野生型的皮肤为黑色和橘红色斑纹(黑色素在橘红色斑纹两侧)，突变可引起皮肤中色素合成酶的缺乏，使皮肤或为黑色斑纹，橘红色消失；或全身为美丽的橘红色斑纹而无黑色；或既无黑色又无橘红色而表现为白色。
杂交实验在人工饲养的一条黑蛇和一条橘红蛇之间进行，其子代(F1)出现四种表现型，比例接近于1/4野生型∶1/4黑色∶1/4橘红色∶1/4白色。
请回答：(1)如果只考虑黑色素的遗传，则F1的表现型有________种，其比例是____________。
(2)通过对野生型、黑色和橘红色三种蛇的解剖发现，除了皮肤含有黑色素或橘红色素外，肌肉、骨骼等均不含这些色素，进一步检测发现这些组织也不含与色素合成有关的酶。
一种观点认为这些组织细胞没有与色素合成有关的基因，这种观点是否正确？为什么？________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________。
(3)如果让F1中的野生型蛇相互交配，请写出F2的表现型及其比例(不考虑环境因素的影响，所有的卵均正常孵化)。
________________________________________________________________________。
(4)在F2中随机选取一条野生型蛇和一条黑色蛇作亲本(假设无突变发生)，杂交后代全部为野生型。
据此能否确定亲本中的野生型蛇为纯合子，简要说明推断过程。
________________________________________________________________________。
解析：根据题干信息，黑蛇与橘红蛇杂交，子代出现四种表现型，且比例为1∶1∶1∶1，说明这两对基因位于两对同源染色体上，按照自由组合定律遗传，杂交亲本中黑蛇的基因型为rrBb，橘红蛇的基因型为Rrbb。
F1中，野生型蛇的基因型为RrBb，其相互交配(自交)后代出现四种表现型及比例是R__B__(野生型)∶R__bb(橘红色)∶rrB__(黑色)∶rrbb(白色)＝9∶3∶3∶1，答案：(1)2黑色斑纹∶无黑色斑纹＝1∶1(或1/2黑色斑纹∶1/2无黑色斑纹)(2)不正确。