英语句子成分和英语句子结构
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
He is asleep.
predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词) Seventy-four! You don’t look it.(代词)
Five and five is ten.(数词) He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词)The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say“I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring.(不定式)
The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
(常见的系动词有:be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来), taste(尝、吃起来),
英语句子成分和句子结构分析
英语句子成分和句子结构分析语法讲解1
认识语法
一、英语语法分为两大部分
词法微观遣词;句法宏观造句
01词法微观遣词
1. 实词:有实际意义的词;
名词n.:表事物名称
动词vi./vt.:行为,动态;
vi.不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意义,后面不需要带宾语
vt.及物动词,本身无法表达完整意义,后面必须带宾语
形容词adj.:修饰n.
副词adv.:修饰v./adj.或者句子中其他adv或者整个句子
代词Pron.:代替n.
数词num.:表数量基数词,表顺序序数词
2. 虚词:没有实际意义的词;
介词prep.:说明词与词之间的关系
连词conj.:说明句子与句子之间的关系
冠词art.:在n.前,限定n.
感叹词int.:表达感叹
02句法宏观造句
1.句子的成分
2.句子结构
3.句子的变化
4.句子的功能
5.句子的类型:简单句,并列句,复合句
6.复合句:名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句
二、语法四大原则
1. 词性决定词用
2. 同类同用
同种类型的词,用法相同,越细分,越一致
3. 动词即句魂
句子里最重要的是谓语,谓语部分最重要的就是动词
4. 举一反三
由表及里,发掘句子结构,归属;认识句子本质,由点及面,放大到句群;
语法精讲2
句子的成分
主体:主语,谓语,宾语,表语
次体:定语,状语,补语,同位语
主语:一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象;常由名词,代词或相当于名词或代词的词担任,一般放在句首;
The sun名词n. rises in the east.
W e代词pron. are friends
T wenty years数词num. is a short time in history.
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
1. 主语(Subject):句子中进行动作或者是被动接受动作的人或物。
例句:Tom is reading a book.(主语是Tom)
2. 谓语(Predicate):句子中所陈述的动作或状态。
例句:I am studying English. (谓语是am studying)
3. 宾语(Object):句子中被动作的对象或者是动作的影响者。
例句:She bought a new car.(宾语是a new car)
4. 定语(Adjective):修饰名词或代词的词或词组。
例句:I saw a black cat.(定语是black)
5. 状语(Adverb):修饰动词、形容词、副词,可以表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
例句:She sings beautifully.(状语是beautifully)
例句:I am a student.(补语是a student)
英语句子结构可以按照不同的组合方式分类:
1. 简单句(Simple Sentence):包含一个主语和一个谓语。
例句:She sings.(主语+谓语)
例句:I like swimming, but he prefers hiking.(独立子句+连接
词+独立子句)
3. 并列句(Coordinative Sentence):用连词连接两个或更多的相同层次的分句。
例句:I am tired, so I'm going to bed.(分句+连词+分句)
例句:She invited me to a party, which made me happy.(主句+从句)
英语句子成分和句子结构分析
英语句子成分和句子结
构分析
Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
英语句子成分和句子结构分析语法讲解1
认识语法
一、英语语法分为两大部分
词法(微观遣词);句法(宏观造句)
01词法(微观遣词)
1.实词:有实际意义的词。
名词n.:表事物名称
动词vi./vt.:行为,动态。
vi.不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意义,后面不需要带宾语
vt.及物动词,本身无法表达完整意义,后面必须带宾语
形容词adj.:修饰n.
副词adv.:修饰v./adj.或者句子中其他adv或者整个句子
代词Pron.:代替n.
数词num.:表数量(基数词),表顺序(序数词)
2.虚词:没有实际意义的词。
介词prep.:说明词与词之间的关系
连词conj.:说明句子与句子之间的关系
冠词art.:在n.前,限定n.
感叹词int.:表达感叹
02句法(宏观造句)
1.句子的成分
2.句子结构
3.句子的变化
4.句子的功能
5.句子的类型:简单句,并列句,复合句
6.复合句:名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句
二、语法四大原则
1.词性决定词用
2.同类同用
同种类型的词,用法相同,越细分,越一致
3.动词即句魂
句子里最重要的是谓语,谓语部分最重要的就是动词
4.举一反三
由表及里,发掘句子结构,归属;认识句子本质,由点及面,放大到句群。语法精讲2
句子的成分
主体:主语,谓语,宾语,表语
次体:定语,状语,补语,同位语
主语:一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象。常由名词,代词或相当于名词或代词的词担任,一般放在句首。
英语句子成分分析及结构
1.主语:表句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前面,充当主语的有名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。
e.g. The trees grow very fast.
2.谓语:说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。通常在主语后(出疑问和倒装外)。一般由动词来充当。
e.g. The plane takes off at 8, but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fog.
3.宾语:表动作行为的对象,在及物动词或介词后。充当宾语的有名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。
e.g. He takes a bath every morning.
4.表语:与系动词连用,一起构成谓语部分,说明主语的性质和特征。长在系动词之后。充当表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语从句等。
e.g. He turned doctor after school, as his parents had expected.
Oh, it’s you.
5.定语:用来修饰名词或代词。单个词长放在被修饰词前面,短语或句子在被修饰词之后。充当定语的有数词、名词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、从句等。
e.g. More than twenty workers were fired.
This is a stone table and hard enough to hold the load of goods.
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成份和英语句子结构讲解:之迟辟智美
创作
(一)句子成份
1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物.
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担负.
The sun rises in the east.(名词)He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
找出下列句中的主语:
Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)
Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe.(不定式)
Smoking is bad for health.(动名词)The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)
What he has said is true. (句子)
2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的举措、状态和特征.
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
英语句子成分及结构
英语句子成分及句子结构英语句子基本构成成分:
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如I ,we, he, she, they ),数词、动词不定式,动名词等。最常用的便是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式。主语一般在句首。(1)名词作主语
English is very important. 英语是很重要的。
The students all love their English teacher. ‘
这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
(2)代词作主语
They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。
(3)动名词作主语
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。
(4)动词不定式(短语)作主语
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
掌握一门外语是很必要的
谓语:谓语由动词构成,谓语时态、语态的变化都体现在动词的变化上,一般在主语之后。(1)及物动词作谓语
We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。
All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
(2)不及物动词作谓语
You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。
The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
英语句子成分及结构
英语句子成分及句子结构
英语句子基本构成成分:
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如I ,we, he, she, they ), 数词、动词不定式,动名词等。最常用的便是名词、代词、动名词、动词
不定式。主语一般在句首。
(1)名词作主语
English is very important.英语是很重要的。
The students all love their English teacher. ‘
这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
(2)代词作主语
They go to school by bus.他们乘公共汽车上学。
⑶动名词作主语
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
It’s no us e regretting it.后悔是无用的。
(4)动词不定式(短语)作主语
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
掌握一门外语是很必要的
谓语:谓语由动词构成,谓语时态、语态的变化都体现在动词的变化上,一般在主语之后。
(1)及物动词作谓语
We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。
All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
(2)不及物动词作谓语
You’re driving too fast.你开车开得太快了。
The teacher came in, book in hand.老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
英语句子成分和英语句子结构
英语句子成分和英语句子结构
英语句子成分:句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。英语的基本成分有六种:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语。
主语: 句子说明的人或事物
名词
【Little streams feed big rivers. 小河流入大江。】
China is believed to promise to be among the powerful country in the world.大家坚信中国有希望成为世界强国之一。
Observation is the best teacher. 观察是最好的老师。
代词
【He told a joke but it fell flat. 他说了一个笑话,但没有引人发笑。】
We are never too old to learn.活到老学到老。
Who is speaking, please?
数词
【Three is enough. 三个就够了】
Two-thirds of the workers are women.
动名词
【Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣】
Constant dripping wears away a stone. 水滴石穿。
Learning how to learn is life's most important skill. 知道如何学习是一生中最重要的技能。Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。
英语句子成分和句子结构分析
英语句子成分和句子结构分析语法讲解 1
认识语法
一、英语语法分为两大部分
词法(微观遣词);句法(宏观造句)
01 词法(微观遣词)
1. 实词:有实际意义的词。
名词n. :表事物名称
动词vi./vt. :行为,动态。
vi.不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意义,后面不需要带宾语
vt.及物动词,本身无法表达完整意义,后面必须带宾语
形容词adj. :修饰n.
副词adv. :修饰v./adj. 或者句子中其他adv 或者整个句子
代词Pron. :代替n.
数词num. :表数量(基数词),表顺序(序数词)
2. 虚词:没有实际意义的词。
介词prep. :说明词与词之间的关系
连词conj.:说明句子与句子之间的关系
冠词art. :在n.前,限定n.
感叹词int.:表达感叹
02 句法(宏观造句)
1. 句子的成分
2. 句子结构
3. 句子的变化
4. 句子的功能
5. 句子的类型:简单句,并列句,复合句
6. 复合句:名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句
二、语法四大原则
1. 词性决定词用
2. 同类同用
同种类型的词,用法相同,越细分,越一致
3. 动词即句魂
句子里最重要的是谓语,谓语部分最重要的就是动词
4. 举一反三
由表及里,发掘句子结构,归属;认识句子本质,由点及面,放大到句群。语法精讲 2
句子的成分
主体:主语,谓语,宾语,表语
次体:定语,状语,补语,同位语
主语:一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象。常由名词,代词或相当于名词或
代词的词担任,一般放在句首。
The sun (名词n.) rises in the east.
We(代词pron.) are friends
英语句子成分和句型结构
英语句⼦成分和句型结构
⼀、英语句⼦成分和英语句⼦结构讲解:
(⼀)句⼦成分
1.主语(subject): 句⼦说明的⼈或事物。
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
The sun rises in the east.(名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
找出下列句中的主语:
Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)
Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe.(不定式)
Smoking is bad for health.(动名词)The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)
What he has said is true. (句⼦)
2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
英语句子成分及结构
英语句子成分及句子结构
英语句子基本构成成分:
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词如boy,主格代词如I ,we, he, she, they ,数词、动词不定式,动名词等;最常用的便是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式;主
语一般在句首;
1名词作主语
English is very important. 英语是很重要的;
The students all love their English teacher. ‘
这些学生都爱他们的英语老师;
2代词作主语
They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学;
3动名词作主语
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的;
It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的;
4动词不定式短语作主语
To see is to believe. 眼见为实;
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
掌握一门外语是很必要的
谓语:谓语由动词构成,谓语时态、语态的变化都体现在动词的变化上,一般在主语之后;
1及物动词作谓语
We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助;
All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;
2不及物动词作谓语
You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了;
The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书;
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解:
(一)句子成分
1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
The sun rises in the east.(名词) He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
找出下列句中的主语:
Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) She went out in a hurry.(代词)
Four plus four is eight.(数词) To see is to believe.(不定式)
Smoking is bad for health.(动名词) The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子)
2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
英语句子成分和句型结构
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解:
(一)句子成分
1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
The sun rises in the east.(名词)He likes dancing。(代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book。(主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree。
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
找出下列句中的主语:
Jane is good at playing the piano。(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)
Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe。(不定式)
Smoking is bad for health。(动名词) The young should respect the old。(名词化的形容词)
What he has said is true。(句子)
2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解:
(一)句子成分
1.主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。
The sun rises in the east.(名词)He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
找出下列句中的主语:
Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词)She went out in a hurry.(代词)
Four plus four is eight.(数词)To see is to believe.(不定式)
Smoking is bad for health.(动名词)The young should respect the old.(名词化的形容词)What he has said is true. (句子)
2.谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
容易谓语:由动词或动词词组组成
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
一【2 】.英语句子成分和英语句子构造讲授:(一)句子成分
1.主语(subject): 句子解释的人或事物.
主语可以由名词.代词.数词.不定式.动名词.分词.主语从句和短语等来担任.
The sun rises in the east.(名词) He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It情势主语,主语从句是真正主语)
What he has said is true. (句子)
2.谓语(predicate): 解释主语的动作.状况和特点.
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?
He looked after two orphans.
复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词+动词;
He can speak English well.
She doesn’t seem to like dancing.
找出下列句中的谓语(注:只有动词才可作谓语.):
1. We love China.
2. We have finished reading this book.
3. He can speak English.
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英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练
习 主语(subject ):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词) Tvventy years is a short time in history.(数词) To see is to believe ・
(不定式)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It 形式主语,主语从句是真正主 语)
谓语(predicate ):说明主语的动作、状态和特
征。
表语(predicative ):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
Seventy-four! You don' t look it.(代词)
Five and five is ten.(数词) He is asleep.(形容词) His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall.
(介词短语)
My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.(不;卫式)
The question is v/hether they vnll come.
(表语从句)
常见的系动词有:
be, sound (听起来),look (看起来),feel (摸起来,smell (闻起来),taste (尝、吃起来), remain (保持,仍是),feel (感觉)・・・
宾语:
1) 动作的承受者动宾
I like China.(名词) He hates you.(代词) How many do you need? We need two ・(数词)
We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动需词)
I hope to see you again.(不立式) Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?(宾语从句) 2) 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ・ 3) 双宾语…-间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday.
Give the poor man some money.
宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. (名词) We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.(名) We will make them happy.(形容词)We found nobody in.(副词)
We study English.
He is asleep.
He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ・ What he needs is a book.
(代词) (动名词) (主语从
He is a teacher.
(名词)
It sou nds a good idea ・ Her voice sounds sweet ・ The food smells delicious. The door remains open.
The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ・ Nov/1 feel tired.
Please make yourself at home.介词短语)Don' t let him do that.(省to 不定式)His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(带to 不定式)
Don* t keep the lights burning・(现在分词)K U have my bike repaired.(过去分词)
主补:对主语的补充。 He vzas
elected monitor.
She v/as found singing in the next room.
He vzas advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson ・・ rr365・ 定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或
句子。
Ai Yarding is a chemistry teacher.(名词) He is our friend.(代词)
We belong to the third v/orld ・
(数词) He v/as advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形 容词)
The man over there is my old friend.(畐ij 词) The v/oman v/ith a baby in her arms is my sister.(介 词) The boys playing football are in Class 2・
(现在分词)
The trees planted last year are grov/ing well nov/.(过去分词)
I have an idea to do it v/elL
(不左式)
You should do everything that I do.
(农语从句)
状语:用来修饰V., adj., adv., or 句子。
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。 (以下例句按上述顺序排列)
I will go there tomorrov/. meetingroom ・
The meat went bad because of the hot v/eather. He didn't study hard so that he failed in the exam. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Though he is young, he can do it well.
句子结构
简单句的五个基本句型 主语 + 不及物动词 She came. / My head aches.
主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes English. 主语+系动词
+表语
She is happy.
主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
She gave John a book ・ She bought a book for me.
主语+宾补动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语
She nlakes her mother angry ・
The teacher asked me to read the passage ・ (There +be There lies a book on the desk ・ )
Exercises
分析下列句子成分
1 ・ Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you 3. All of us considered him honest. shoes ・
The meeting will be held in the He studies hard to learn English well. I like some of you very much ・ He goes to school by bike ・
4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports