物流管理外文资料翻译

Logistics is referred to the article flow, but not including the flow of the people.Daskin defined logistics as ……the design and operation of physical, managerial and informational systems needed to overcome time and space.‟The concept of article in logistics includes tangible goods and intangible service, such as customer service, freight agents and logistics network design.

Three major functions of logistics

(1) Creating time value: same goods can be valued different at different times. Goods often stop during the transfer process, which is professionally called the storage of logistics. It creates the time value for goods.

(2) Creating location value: same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics.

(3) Distribution processing value: sometimes logistics create distribution processing value, which changes the length, thickness and packages of the goods. Like popular saying, “ cutting into smaller parts” is the m ost commonly seen distribution processing within logistics create added value for goods.

After completing a commercial transaction, logistics will execute the transfer of goods from the supplier( seller) to the customer( buyer) in the most cost-effective manner. This is the definition of logistics. During the transfer process, hardware such as logistics facilities and equipment( logistics carriers) are needed, as well as information control and standardization. In addition, supports from the government and logistics association should be in place.

Logistics is a new commercial area, developing from the traditional stage to a modern one.

Logistics is changing at a rapid and acceleration rate. There are two reasons are its rapid growth: Firstly, pressure to change by the development of the system itself

(1) High–speed computing and data transmission can instantly transmit and react to user demand

(2) More flexible and accurate logistic planning and control through computers and data processing

(3) Flexible computer facilities help problem solving and increase decisions accuracy

(4) Awareness of total cost measurement and management accounting

Secondly, pressures for changes from the wider economy.

(1) Be flexible in handling markets of different sizes for better competition

(2) There is increasing specialization in markets and growth in retailing.

(3) Life cycles for products are shortening. Logistics systems need to be more efficient, faster and more flexible

(4) Move from mass production towards flexible manufacturing system( FMS). These systems enable a company to switch production quickly from one product to another

(5) Competitive pressures lead to more efforts to improve customer service.

Information technologies are most important for modern logistics. Bar Code, POS, EDI and GPS systems dramatically improve the efficiency and accuracy of the logistics activities. Internet further assists the market development, operation and management of the logistics industry.

The 21st century is the era of information ,and e-commerce will become a development trend of commercial activity in this period . Our country , as a developing chuntry , is just at the