谈情景教学法在小学课堂上的作用

谈情景教学法在小学课堂上的作用

【摘要】随着英语在小学阶段的开展，教学改革的推进，很多科学而又有效的教学方法展现在课堂教学中。情景教学法就是一种新颖且极有效果的教学方法。

【关键词】小学英语；情景教学法；学生特征；作用

情景教学法强调语言学习的真实情景。通过创设语言学习的情景，以情景为中心，培养学生的听说能力。由于其强调语言和环境的结合，可以增强学生对语言的感性认识。小学生理解能力不高但擅长对感性认识的记忆，因此情景教学法非常适合教授小学生尤其是低年级学生学习语言时使用。

目前，我们不少老师在日常的英语教学中仍然自觉不自觉的使用传统的填鸭式教学，课堂气氛沉闷，学生被动接受。这种教学根本不适合小学生的心理和年龄特征，使学生产生厌烦心理，从一开始就不愿意和英语打交道，继而学好英语成了一句空话。再者缺少语言习得和使用环境，是中国学生外语表达能力差的一个重要因素。因此在英语教学中，教师应该给学生创设一种学“母语”的英语学习氛围——进行非常必要的“情境教学”。教师一定要想方设法，创造各种语言学习环境，让学生亲身体验，理解不同情境所表达的信息和语言材料，激发他们表达思想的欲望，在情境学习中锻炼运用语言的能力。

Foreign language teaching has a history of about 500 years in Europe. During this period various teaching methods succeeded one after another owing to different social and historical backgrounds. English teaching in China also has a long history of more than 100 years. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China，especially since the practice of the policy of reformation and opening，many western schools of teaching methodology have been introduced to China together with the introduction of advanced western science and technology. That has led to the prosperity of English teaching in China to a great extent. Moreover，English teaching as an industry has made rapid progress during the past few years. All sorts of methodologies have been applied to the English teaching. That has contributed much to the overall improvement of national English level.

However，it cannot be denied that the proper teaching approach in primary school English teaching process has been greatly neglected. The traditional Chinese “cramming method of teaching” is still play a leading role in o ur country. As is known to all，the status of English as an international language and a major medium in the Information Age is more and more prominent in the 21st century. So to start the English education from primary school students has become necessary. Furthermore，it is a national step to make such a start because English education is a systematic project whose different stages are linked with one another just like the rings on a chain. On this chain，primary school is the special ring for it is the starting point and

foundation for others. Therefore，whether it is stable or not will certainly be related to the effect of the whole chain. Childhood is the ideal phase to acquire a native or foreign language.

So it is vital to start English teaching in primary school. At the present time，the question “how to teach English course well in primary school” is the issue we follow closely. The quality of English teaching cannot be greatly improved if we still confine ourselves to traditional teaching method. Therefore optimizing primary English teaching method will become one of the great steps leading to successful teaching. Flexibility plays a crucial role in language teaching because it is closely related to many factors，such as learner，textbook and environment or other things. Therefore，in practical teaching it is impractical to say that a certain language teaching method is permanently effective. Teaching methods should vary from person to person according to different teaching parameters. Although there are many teaching approaches available，we still find it difficult to achieve satisfactory results in primary school English teaching. Then it remains an important thing to improve the existing teaching methods. As researchers in the field of primary school English teaching，we are duty-bound to exert ourselves to grope for the most appropriate English teaching method.This thesis is one of the many attempts aimed at the goal to enable to students learn English effective and be willing to learn English. Hereon，I endeavor to propose the situational teaching methodology as an ideal English teaching approach and make a further step to inquire into its practice in primary school English teaching.

The American linguist William Dwight Whitney（1827—1894）believed that “language is the symbol which can be spoken out and heard. We regard language as a system；just the similar systems constitute the culture of a community”. Whitney held on to the arbitrariness of symbols in order to emphasize that the language was indeed a system.

Situational teaching method reproduces the relevant context of teaching material and makes use of role effect to encourage students to think，try and discover by themselves，which reduces the psychological distance between students and teaching material. Because the situation in the scenes acts on students’sense organs and strengthens their feelings so that the students feel the teaching material to be authentic even approachable thus giving rise to resonance and immersing themselves in the scene.

In short，primary school stage is the preparatory stage in learning English. The situational approach is to improve the quality of primary school English and the students’learning activities in a good way. The purpose of primary school English is to excite students’interests greatly to learn English and make study easy through lively classroom activities. And the English situation teaching method of primary school，not only follows the development of physical and mental characteristic of