政治学、行政管理专业英语词汇

政治学与行政管理学专用英语词汇一院制Unicameral一党制国家One—party States人权Human rights人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen工会Trade unions下议院House of Commons上议院House of Lords个人主义Individualism女权主义Feminism马列主义Marxism—Leninism马克思主义Marxism马基雅维里主义Machiavelli王权Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶专政Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations分权Separation of powers公共行政Public administration公民权利Civil rights公民自由Civil liberties 正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality奴隶制Slavery占统治地位的党Dominant party代表Delegate代议员Representative 代议制政府Representative government代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees 立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approval voting 团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation 自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion 自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives政委员Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal 行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison,James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism 否决权Veto投票Voting投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation利益集团Interest group 言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism 社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy责任Responsibility责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance委任Patronage 委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy 实证主义Positivism封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution政体Polity政纲platform 政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formation process政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics 政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Political action committee政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(and Pesidium)政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Politicalviolence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Political integratio政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能Parties,political:functions of 政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid 顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism 保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration of Independence独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Prime minister/Prime ministerial government总统，总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Convention of the constitution宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels 缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign部门Department部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Select committee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government弹劾Impeachment隐私Privacy殖民统治Colonial government联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith,Adam最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’AEtat最高法院Supreme court黑格尔Hegal 辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’s organization强制性投票Compulsory voting鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration熊彼特Schumpeter影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism警察Police警察国家Police state。