初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解_练习及答案
初中定语从句详解及练习附答案
定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词,名词，不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二）．定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ）和关系副词( when, where，why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
（三）．关系代词1。
that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2。
which 指物，在从句中作主语,宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人，在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4。
whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s，后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
中考英语定语从句试题(有答案和解析)
中考英语定语从句试题(有答案和解析)一、定语从句1．When Robinson got to the island，the first thing _________he did was to look for some food．A．who B．which C．that D．What【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：当鲁滨逊•克鲁索到达岛上时，他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。
本题考查定语从句。
先行词指物且被序数词first修饰，故只能选用关系词that。
因此C项正确。
考点：考查定语从句。
2．Linda will never forget the words her father told her.A．that B．who C．where D．what【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。
that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。
根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。
3．Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_____ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “green energy points’’.A．what B．who C．whom D．which【答案】D【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。
考查定语从句。
本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。
4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.A．which B．what C．whose D．whom【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练（含答案）一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等;关系副词包括where，when，why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语，假如去掉的话，主句的意义就不完全，意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词，如：I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔，起弥补申明感化，如省去，意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Michael Jaskon，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2010.如：Mary lived in the city of Hongkong，where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有 3 个作用： 1 ，引导定语从句。
2 ，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom 作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 , ⋯⋯的 ?表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
（一）关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人，which 代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg ：this is the book（which）you want。
]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which ，但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时 .还有句中前面有which 时 ,都只能用that4. who 和 whom 引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose 是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which调换,表达的意思一样。
(英语)初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
（英语）初中英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题一、定语从句1． I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．that D．which【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。
what一般不用于定语从句；who在定语从句中指人； that既可指人，也可指物；which指物。
结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人，又有物，故只能用关系代词that，所以选C。
考点：考查关系代词。
2．The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue．A．which B．that C．/ D．it【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。
先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。
考点：考查定语从句。
3．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen.A．that B．which C．what D．who【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。
考查定语从句。
先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况：当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。
定语从句讲解
中考英语之定语从句1. 定语从句：在名词，代词或一个句子后作定语的从句。
定语从句由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。
例：Do you know the teacher who gave us the talk this morning?先行词关系代词who引导的定语从句2. 定语从句有时不直接紧跟着先行词，中间由其他成分隔开。
例：There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand. 先行词关系代词that引导的定语从句在他的眼睛里有一个我不能理解的表情。
3. that 指物和人。
在从句中作主语和宾语。
例：Jim told us a story that was very interesting.（that指物，在定语从句作主语）吉姆给我们讲了一个很有趣的故事。
The boy that you gave the pen to just now is twelve years old.（that指人，在定语从句作to的宾语）你刚才把钢笔给他的那个男孩是12岁。
4. which 指物，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例：Her shop is a shop which sells medicine. (which指物，在定语从句中作主语)她的的商店是一家卖药的商店。
The film which we saw last night was wonderful.(which指物，在定语从句中作宾语)我们昨晚看得电影是很精彩的。
5. who 指人，在从句中作主语。
例：The man who visited our class yesterday is our new teacher. （who指人，在定语从句中作主语）昨天参观了我们班的人是我们新来的老师。
6. whom 指人，在从句中，作动词和介词的宾语，口语中可用who代替whom。
初一七年级英语语法定语从句用法总结含练习及答案
初一七年级英语语法定语从句用法总结含练习及答案定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
初一英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定语从句。
一、英语中的定语从句的位置。
英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后。
如：The man（先行词） who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday（定语从句）is my English teacher.昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。
二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。
限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系。
关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。
关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。
如：I am waiting for the boy （先行词） who /that （关系代词）is wearing a red coat. （主语）我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。
The dictionary （先行词） that / which（关系代词）my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.（宾语）我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。
The woman is his mother （先行词） whose （关系代词）name is Linda Brown. (定语)那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。
That is the house （先行词） where （关系副词）my father used to live.(状语)那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。
三、初中英语中定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。
1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。
中考英语定语从句讲解及练习
中考英语定语从句讲解及练习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which，that .引导定语从句的关系副词有when，where, why。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语，定语。
关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语（口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词.This is the man who helped me。
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother。
二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。
The doctor (whom）you are looking for is in the room。
The person （whom）you just talked to is Mr。
Li.=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li。
(介词后whom不能省略)The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.（固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。
look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…）三、whose引导的定语从句，whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。
Do you know the woman whose name is Mary。
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor。
四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。
初中英语定语从句(全,含练习及答案解析)
（一）定语从句的概念定语从句：一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
因此，Handsome boy = the boy who is handsomeBeautiful flower = the flower which is beautiful被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词可分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, where, why)关系词都充当从句的某个成分，它所替代的相应成分应省去。
在定语从句中，当who, which, that作主语时，谓语的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系不如限制性定语从句与先行词的关系紧密，没有它，主句的意思也清楚，因此用逗号隔开。
关系词在非限制性定语从句中的用法与在限制性定语从句中的用法基本一样。
（二）关系代词用法作用例句关系代词指示对象That人/物主（宾）The student that answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是约翰。
The book （that）you lent me was interesting.你借给我的那本书很有趣。
Which物主（宾）Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩都喜欢的游戏.This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天刚买的钢笔.Who人主（宾） A doctor is a person who looks after people's health.The man（who）you met just now is my friend. Whom人（宾）The man（whom）you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友.Mr. Ling is just the boy（whom）I want to see. 凌先生恰巧就是我想见的那个男孩.Whose人.物定He has a friend whose father is a doctor.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.注意一：1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
【英语】初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、定语从句1．The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.A．that B．what C．whose D．Who【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。
考查定语从句引导词。
本句定句从句的先行词The movie是物，并且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，可知使用关系代词that或which；故选A。
2．Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A．which B．that C．who【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后，帮助我放松的唯一一件事。
which修饰事物，引导定语从句；that修饰事物，引导定语从句；who修饰人，引导定语从句。
此处修饰先行词thing，有the only修饰，故用that引导定语从句。
故选B。
3．—What kind of movies do you prefer?—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.A．which give B．that gives C．which gives D．who gives【答案】A【解析】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。
此句的先行词是movies，引导定语从句的关联词用that或which，排除C,D；定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies，动词不能用三单形式，故答案为A。
4．The boys ____________ from America like ChinaA．who is B．are C．which is D．who are【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句一定语从句（Attributive Clauses）由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致1.who(主格，在定语从句中做主语), whom(宾格，做宾语)，两者“代替的是人”。
(1) Is he the man who wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who在从句中作主语）(2) He is the man (whom) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom在从句中作宾语，可省略）2.whose是所有格，用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
作宾语时刻省略。
(1) Tom lost his favorite book, which made him very upset.汤姆丢了他最喜欢的书，这让他很不开心。
在非限制性定语从句中，which可指代前面讲到的整件事。
改为九年级英语定语从句讲解及练习
改为九年级英语定语从句讲解及练习一、定语从句讲解定语从句是一个句子，用来修饰一个名词或代词，通常被放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词起到连接主句和从句的作用。
关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词有：when, where, why定语从句有两种类型：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对被修饰的名词或代词进行限制和修饰。
在句子中起到修饰作用，如果去掉它，主句的意思会受到影响。
例子：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）- The boy who is playing basketball is my friend.（正在打篮球的那个男孩是我的朋友。
）2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对被修饰的名词或代词进行补充说明，但不对主句的意思产生影响。
它通常用逗号与主句分开。
例子：- My sister, who is a doctor, works at the hospital.（我的姐姐是医生，在医院工作。
）- I visited Beijing, where I saw the Great Wall.（我参观了北京，看到了长城。
）二、练题根据句意，选择适当的关系词填空。
1. I have a friend ________ is good at playing the piano.2. The girl ________ bag was stolen is crying.3. I still remember the day ________ we met for the first time.4. The man ________ I met yesterday is a famous actor.5. My parents bought a new house, ________ is very big.答案：1. who2. whose3. when4. whom5. which。
英语定语从句讲解及练习
英语定语从句讲解及练习1. 什么是定语从句定语从句是英语中一种常用的修饰成分，用于修饰名词或代词，在句中起定语的作用。
2. 定语从句的构成定语从句由关系词引导，关系词可以是关系代词或关系副词。
2.1 关系代词关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that。
- who 和 whom 用于修饰人。
- whose 用于修饰所有格。
- which 用于修饰物。
- that 同时可以修饰人和物。
2.2 关系副词关系副词有：when, where, why。
- when 用于修饰时间。
- where 用于修饰地点。
- why 用于修饰原因。
3. 怎么使用定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，并且在从句中起修饰作用。
关系词所在的位置可以是主语、宾语或介词宾语的位置。
以下是一些例句来说明如何使用定语从句：1. The person who is sitting next to me is my best friend.（坐在我旁边的那个人是我最好的朋友。
）（你知道她为什么没来的原因吗？）3. This is the book which I bought yesterday.（这是我昨天买的书。
）练题：1. Can you lend me the pen ___________ doesn't have ink anymore? (which / who)2. The girl ___________ is standing over there is my sister. (who / what)3. I have a dog ___________ barks all night. (which / whose)请在下面填写正确答案：1. which2. who3. that---> 注意：以上答案仅供参考，实际情况应根据具体语境来确定。
初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案设计及练习题)
初中英语语法定语从句专题讲解学生通过本课学习，能够掌握定语从句的概念、知识要点和用法，并在综合能力上有一定的应用。
☆课堂回顾：英语句子结构——定语：一、什么是定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
He is a clever boy.（形容词作定语）His father works in a steel work.（名词作定语）There are 54 students in our class.（数词）Do you known betty’s sister?（名词所有格）He bought some sleeping pills.（现代分词）His spoken language is good.（过去分词，相当于形容词）基础操练：请画出下列句中的定语。
1. What is your family name?2. The boy in blue is Tom.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. There are five boys who will play the game.★本课知识点：定语从句的知识要点定语从句课本例句导入：the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man.the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha 17th street.the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helen's.一、定语从句的概念:定语从句属于形容词性从句，用来修饰主句中的名词性成分，如主语、宾语。
定语从句在英语阅读材料里处处可见。
它是初中阶段的重要语法内容，也是学好英语的重难点。
首先我们了解一下定语：一本有趣的书an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰名词book一位漂亮的女孩a beautiful girl形容词beautiful做定语修饰名词girl★定语就是在句子中修饰名词或代词的词。
定语从句讲解及巩固练习(有答案)
定语从句讲解及巩固练习一、定语从句的概念关系词（引导定语从句）↑1.People who have the highest EQ are the most successful↓先行词(被修饰词)二、定语从句的分类1. 限制性定语从句: 与先行词关系密切, 如果没有定语从句, 主句不完整, 且与先行词之间无逗号。
2. 非限制性定语从句: 对先行词起补充说明作用, 如果删除, 主句意义仍然完整, 与先行词之间有逗号。
eg: On the desk there are twenty books, three of which are mine.My aunt Alice ,whom I haven’t seen for years, is coming next month.★ that不能用于非限制性定语从句。
三、定语从句的关系词1. 指人的关系代词: who / whom / that1) 先行词在从句中作主语eg: A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.2) 先行词在从句中作宾语eg: Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.3) 关系代词前有介词eg: Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.小结：⑴ 指人的关系代词中，在从句中充当主语的是who和that,且在句中不可以省略。
⑴ 指人的关系代词中, 在从句中充当宾语的是who，that和whom，且可以省略。
⑴ 当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用whom。
2. 指物的关系代词: which / that1) 先行词在从句中作主语eg: The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.2)先行词在从句中作宾语eg: The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.3)关系代词前有介词eg: Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.3. 表示所有格：whose (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)1) 表示人的所有eg: The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.2) 表示物的所有eg: I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.弄清as和which引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别★位置上的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，还可插在主句的中间；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
中考英语专题讲练： 定语从句(含解析)
定语从句知识精讲定语从句一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词where, when, why 等，关系代词和关系副词，既起到连接作用，又在定语从句中担任句子成份。
总结定语从句的一般结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
一、关系代词1.关系代词指代先行词，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语，基本用法如下表：关系作用先行词例句who 主语/宾语人This is the boy who often helps me. 这就是帮我的那个男孩。
I happened to meet the professor (who/ whom) I got toknow at a party in the shopping centeryesterday.昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇到了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。
whom 宾语人The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.你等那个人已经回家了。
1注意：一般情况下，that 既可以指人又可以指物，可以代替 who, whom 和 which，在句子中充当主语，宾语或表语；which 指物，在从句中也做主语，宾语或表语，所以 which 和t h a t在指物时，大多时候可以互换，如：This is the movie that I like best.=This is the movie which I like best.这就是我最喜欢的电影。
2.关系代词的省略一般情况下，关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，且介词在关系代词前，不能省略，如：I’ll never forget the day that we spent together.我永远都不会忘记与你共度的时光。
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定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句【固定搭配】to do / doing在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。
try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you.regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book is yellow?【总结】：一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。
如：代替人代替物代替人或物主语who which that宾语whom／who which that定语whose（＝of whom）whose（＝of which）1.This is the doctor who came from London.2.The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.4. This is the room that／which Shakespeare was born in.二、使用关系代词时应注意以下几点：1．如果先行词是all，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。
例如：All that are present burst into tears.2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which。
例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.3．which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与and this相似。
例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。
例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
此结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without等，关系代词常常只可用whom或which，不可用that。
例如：The room in which t here is a machine is a workshop.像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。
例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.一、典型例题( )1、-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？-Yes，he‘s our headmaster.A. heB. whoC. whichD. whom( )2、The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A. which；isB. whom；wasC. who；isD. who；was( )3、Have you seen the film Titanic ___actors are very famous?A whoB whoseC thatD whom( )4、Ann asked the policeman ___he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A with himB with whomC whoD whom( )5、A child ____parents are dead is called an orphan.A whichB hisC whoseD with( )6、This is the reason ______ he told me.A、thatB、whyC、on whichD、for that( )7、Do you know the scientist _______ gave us a talk just now?A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose( )8、This is the dictionary _______ Mum gave me for my birthday.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. whom( )9、Shaolin Temple ________ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.A. whereB. whichC. whoD. what( )10、—Do you know the girl _______ is standing under the tree?—She is my little sister.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which三、课后练习( )1. Beijing is the 29th city _______ holds the Olympic Games.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. what( )2. Have you read the book _______ I gave you yesterday?A. thatB. whenC. where( )3. The man _______ came to our party with a present is my old friend.A. whenB. whichC. who( )4. I like writers _______ write short stories.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who( )5. This is the question _______ we are talking about now.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. when( )6. —What are you looking for?—I am looking for the book _______ I bought yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. whose( )7. Jack, there is someone in the office _______ would like to speak with you.A. whoB. whichC. whom( )8. If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _______ works hard.A. whichB. /C. whomD. who( )9. Many young people prefer the songs _______ have great lyrics.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. whom( )10. Even teachers can’t understand some expressions _______ their students use in daily life.A. whoseB. whoC. thatD. whom( )11. The bridge ____ a big ship can go has been built.A. under whichB. under thatC. in whichD. on which( )12. The book ____ is torn is mine.A. the cover of whichB. the cover of thatC. which the coverD. whose cover of( )13. He talked about the classmates and the school ____ he had visited.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. about which( )14. You have seen the girl ____ sister is a Chinese teacher.A. whomB. of whomC. whoseD. of which( )15. We should do all ____ is useful to people.A. /B. thatC. itD. which( )16. We came to a place ____ they had never paid a visit before.A. whichB. in whichC. on whichD. to which( )17. Those ____ finished doing it put up your hands.A. who haveB. who hasC. which haveD. have( )19. The man ____ was a friend of mine.A. that you just talked toB. whom you just talked to himC. who you just talked to himD. which you just talked to( )20. I went to the school ____ my father once worked.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. on which( )21. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who( )22. The weather turned out to be very good, _______was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it( )23. Carol said the work would be done by October, ___ personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which( )24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___ , of course, made the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what( )25. Have you seen the film "Titanic", ________ leading actor is world famous?A. itsB. it'sC. whoseD. which典型例题1B2C3b4b5c6a 7a8a9b10a 课后练习1B2A3D4D 5-9ABADA 10C 11解析：考查定语从句随意性关系引导词。