状语从句与分词作状语的转换
分词短语做状语的用法
分词短语做状语的语序问题
分词短语做状 语时，应放在 所修饰的动词 之后
语序问题需要 注意，分词短 语做状语应放 在所修饰的动 词之后，而不 是之前
正确的语序应 该是“主语+ 分词短语做状 语+谓语”， 而不是“分词 短语做状语+ 主语+谓语”
遵循正确的语 序可以使句子 更加通顺，避 免产生歧义
分词短语做05状语的例句
什么是分词短语
分词短语是一种语法结构，指用分词短语作为状语来修饰谓语动词。 分词短语通常表示与谓语动词相关的伴随、时间、条件、方式等意义。 分词短语可以用来替代从句，使句子结构更加简洁明了。 分词短语做状语在英语中是一种常见的语法现象，掌握它的用法有助于提高英语表达能力。
分词短语做状语的含义
示例：Walking in the park, he saw a beautiful girl.（在公园里散步时，他看见了一 个漂亮的女孩。）
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分词短语做状语的分类
伴随状语
定义：伴随状语是用来表示主语的动作伴随某种状态或伴随其他 动作一起发生的状态。
构成：由动词的-ing形式构成的短语，表示与主语的动作同时 发生的状态。
用法：通常放在句子的主语之后，用逗号与主句隔开。
例子：He sat in the armchair, reading a book . （他坐在 扶手椅上，读着一本书。）
时间状语
分词短语做时间 状语，表示动作 发生的时间
时间状语从句转 换为分词短语做 状语，表示动作 的先后顺序
分词短语做时间 状语，可以表示 动作的伴随状态
条件状语的例句分析
条件状语从句： If you want to succeed, you must work hard.
状语从句和分词作状语的转换
状语从句与分词作状语的转换时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。
一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。
如：They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do．由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace．二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。
1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out．从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。
则可变成现在分词作时间状语。
Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out．2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because he was great-ly touched by his words．从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。
Greatly touched by his teacher's words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”．三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例：1．As the heroes' deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder．句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes'deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。
高考语法复习之非谓语动词做状语及与状语从句的相互转化与语法填空的应用
非谓语动词作状语高考对非谓语动词作状语的考查多与对动词其他形式的考查同时进行主要包括以下几个方面的内容：1．不定式作状语；2．-ing分词作状语；3．-ed分词作状语。
一、不定式结构作状语不定式结构作状语通常有以下几种情况：1、目的状语（分词一般不能作目的状语）He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly .To catch the train ,she hurried through her work注：表目的的不定式还常与so as或in order连用，构成so as (not) to do和in order (not) to do 结构，其中so as (not) to do 不能用于句首。
To get there in time, we got up very early.= In order to get there in time, we got up very early.= We got up very early (in order/so as) to get there in time.2、原因状语不定式结构作原因状语常用在作表语用的形容词后。
I’m sorry to hear that .We’re proud to b e young people of China .We are glad to hear the news．3、结果状语不定式结构作结果状语，有时表示未曾预料到的、或令人不快的结果。
（常和only连用）。
He ran all the way to the station ,only to find the train had left .★而现在分词作结果状语常常是可以预料的结果，是伴随谓语动词而产生的自然结果The police opened fire ,killing the robber .He died ,leaving his wife with five children .4. 有时，不定式还可修饰一个句子，表明说话人的态度。
现在分词作状语独立主格结构讲义-高三英语二轮复习
高考英语语法应用讲解一、现在分词作状语在写作中的应用（一）现在分词做时间状语现在分词表示的动作和谓语动作同时发生或紧接着发生，就用一般式：Ving例句1:Hearing the good news, they all jumped with joy.听到这个好消息，他们都高兴得跳起来。
可以用时间状语从句替换：When they heard the good news, they all jumped with joy.例句2：Standing on the stage, a sense of tension welled up in my heart.站在舞台上，紧张感油然而生。
可以用时间状语从句替换：When I stood on the stage, a sense of tension welled up in my heart.仿写练习：看着这些照片，往日记忆涌上心头。
1.用现在分词作时间状语：_______________________________2.可以改为时间状语从句：_______________________________【答案】1.Seeing these photos, memories of those old days flooded into his mind2.When I saw these photos, memories of those old days flooded into his mind.在强调现在分词动作先于谓语动作时，用完成式：having doneeg:Having eaten her lunch, the girl rushed out.那女孩吃完了午饭就跑出去了.（先吃eat 后跑出rush out)Having thought about the present situation for a while, Roy decided to apologize to Jane .思考现状一会儿后，Roy 决定向Jane道歉。
现在分词短语作状语要点总结
现在分词短语作状语要点总结现在分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步或补充说明等不同含义。
Coming into the room, he found the books. 他一进屋就找到了书。
（时间）Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. 因为病了，他没有参加会议。
（原因）Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力就会成功。
（条件）The girls went out of the room, laughing and talking, 姑娘们又说又笑地走出房间。
（伴随）He came here running. 他跑着来到这里。
（方式）At he age of three, his mother died, leaving him an orphan. 他三岁时丧母，成了孤儿。
（结果）She went away, walking south. 她离开了，向南方走去。
（补充说明）由以上例句可以看出，分词短语作状语时，若表示时间、条件或原因，通常要放在句首；表示伴随（也可放在句首）、方式、结果或补充说明的分词短语，通常要放在句尾。
现在分词作状语时要注意以下六个要点：1. 现在分词可以与when, while, if ,though等连词一起使用，使状语意义更加明确。
如：Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路要当心。
If falling ill, I’ll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生了病，我要在家好好休息。
Though not understanding French, they had a very good time in Paris this summer. 虽然他们不懂法语，但是，今年夏天他们在巴黎过得很愉快。
2. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常应与句子主语保持一致，也就是说句子的主语应是现在分词动作的执行者。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
掌握其用法应该注意以下几点一、过去分词作状语与状语从句之间的转换1）表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句,为了明确其意义有时可在分词前加上when,while等连词。
如：⑴Asked why she didn’t do it ,she began to cry.=When she was asked why she didn’t do it,she began to cry.当问到她为什么没有做此事时,她开始哭了起来。
⑵Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.=When we see it from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。
2)表示原因，相当于as, since, because引导的原因状语从句。
如：⑴She soon fell asleep, tired by the journey.=Since she was tired by the journey she soon fell asleep.由于旅途劳累，她很快就睡着了。
⑵Born and brought up in the village.=Because he was born and brought up in the village.由于生长在那个村庄，所以他认识那里许多人。
3)表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if, unless 等词。
如：⑴Given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.=If I am given half an hour, I can also work out this problem.如果再给我半小时,我也能解出这道题。
状语从句与非谓语动词的转化(写作)
状语从句与非谓语动词的转化一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。
1.当主、从句的主语一致，主、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，可用现在分词的一般式转换。
如： When they heard the news，they jumped with joy.Hearing the news，they jumped with joy.2.当主、从句的主语一致，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前或从句中谓语动词是完成时，可用现在分词的完成式转换。
如： After he(had）returned home，he began to work.Having returned home，he began to work.3.当主、从句主语一致时，由after，before，since，as soon as等引导的从句可分别用after/before/since/on加动名词短语转换。
如： Since I saw you last，I have been ill.Since seeing you last，I have been ill.As soon as he heard this，he couldn’t help crying.On hearing this，he couldn’t help crying.4.当主、从句主语一致时，以when，while引导的从句，也可用when /while加现在分词短语转换。
如While we were walking along the river, we heard someone shouting.While walking along the river，we heard some one shouting.5.当主、从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时,可用过去分词短语转换。
如:After they were sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. Sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health.6.当主、从句的主语不一致时，时间状语从句可转换成分词的独立主格结构，即名词/主格代词＋分词。
现在分词作定语和状语的用法现在分词做状语和定语
现在分词作定语和状语的用法现在分词做状语和定语【导语】学习英语贵在坚持，找到适合自己的方法，多运用多温故。
大了大量英语学习资源，一起来看看吧！一、现在分词在句中作原因状语 1.分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。
与时间状语一样，也要注意分词所表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系。
当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。
此时分词的逻辑主语须是句中的主语。
这样的原因状语可以换成because, as引导的原因状语，该从句谓语动词用一般过去时。
Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助老师。
= Because he didn"t know how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked…help.2.当分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语的作用相当于一个原因状语从句。
该从句的谓语动词须用完成时。
如：Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.= Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 因为与那个女孩一起生活了五年，我们都非常了解她。
三、现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Working hard, you"ll sueed. = If you work hard, you"ll sueed. 如果你努力工作，你会成功的。
浅析分词作状语与独立主格的区别
浅析分词作状语与独立主格的区别分词作状语是近些年来高考常考的一个语法项目，同时也是学生较难理解和掌握的语法结构之一，很多学生容易混淆分词作状语与独立主格作状语，现将两者的区别简析如下：一、分词作状语分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。
在表示时间、原因、条件和让步时，通常可转换为相应的状语从句；表示方式和伴随情况时，可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。
例如：1. Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up.(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room, they stood up.)学生们看见老师走进房间，都站了起来。
(时间)2. Heated, ice will be changed into water.(=When /If it is heated, ice will be changed into water. ) 当冰被加热时，它就会变成水。
(条件、时间)3. B eing excited, I couldn’t go to sleep.(=As I was excited, I couldn’t go to sleep.)我兴奋得睡不着觉。
(原因)4. Working very hard, he didn’t feel a bit tired.(=Though he worked very hard, he didn’t feel a bit tired.)尽管拼命地工作,但他丝毫不感到疲劳。
(让步)5. The children went away laughing.(=The children went away. They laughed as they went.)孩子们笑着走开了。
(行为方式)6. I stood there, listening to the broadcast.(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast.)我站在那儿听广播。
现在分词作状语,过去分词作状语,表语,宾补,定语
V-ing （现在分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词)作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．现在分词的形式形式主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doing beingdone not doing/beingdone完成式havingdone having been done not having(been)done二．现在分词作状语辨析：动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别。
辨析：（1）动词的-ing 形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的结果。
（2）动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only 连用，构成“only to do sth.”三．连词+动词的-ing 形式作状语，省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ，表示主动或者正在句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于when,while,as,after 等引导的时间状语从句Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.2.作原因状语，相当于as,because,since 等引导的原因状语从句Having eaten too much ,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because he had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.3.作条件状语，相当于if,once,unless 等引导的条件状语从句Using your head,you 'll find a good way.=If you use your head,you'll find a good way.4.作方式或伴随状语，相当于and 连接的并列谓语动词。
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.=Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5.作结果状语，可扩展为有并列谓语的句子。
分词作状语——精选推荐
分词作状语⾮谓语动词——分词作状语精讲与精练Traveling at a speed over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.英语中，分词作状语主要分以下三种情况：⼀．分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语⼀致，即为“分词作状语”⼆．分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不⼀致，即为“独⽴主格”三．独⽴主格⼀般需⾃带主语，若省去其主语，则为独⽴主格中的特殊情况，即为“悬垂分词”分词作状语分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句⼦，表⽰动作发⽣的原因、时间、⽅式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
1. 形式选择形式意义doing与主句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词同时发⽣，或基本上同时发⽣。
having done与主句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发⽣。
done与主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，同时或⼏乎同时亦可表⽰状态。
having been done与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，先于谓语动词发⽣。
being done与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,与谓语动词同时发⽣，⼀般很少做状语，除⾮表⽰被动的动作正在进⾏或作原因状语置于句⾸。
分词的否定式是在⼀般式和完成式的前⾯加not (never)+分词The student sat there, not knowing what to do. (否定形式)辨析：done与being done Painted white, the room looks bright.Being painted now, the room can’t be lived i n.___________ (use) as a means of transport in China, the bike is very useful.___________ (use) by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you.2. 句法功能常可转换成相应的状语从句。
分词作状语--独立主格
分词作状语分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。
在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时，通常可转换为相应的状语从句，表示方式和伴随情况时，可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。
例如：Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up.)学生们看见老师走进房间，都站了起来。
Heated,ice will be changed into water.(=When it is heated...)当冰加热时，它就会变成水。
(条件、时间)Being excited,I couldn’t go to sleep.(=As I was excited,I couldn’t go to sleep.)我兴奋得睡不着觉。
(原因)I stood there,listening to the broadcast.(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast.)我站在那儿听广播。
(伴随)The children went away laughing.(=The children went away.They laughed as they went.)孩子们笑着走开了。
(行为方式)Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.(=Although they know all this...)他们尽管了解这一切，还是要我赔偿损失。
(3)分词作状语与主语的关系。
A. 现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。
例如：He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。
分词做状语、定语与状语从句、定语从句句型转换练习及答案
A：Turn the following clauses into phrases without changing the meaning of the sentences:将下列句子中的从句变成短语（现在分词或过去分词作定语或状语）1.This purse looks quite different from the one that was bought by my mother last month.2.He rushed out with a bag of books, and he worried about those kids who lived in the rural area.3.If he is rewarded occasionally, he will have nothing to complain about his strict diet that is forbidden by his parents.4.He fired and he killed one of the passers-by who were riding home.5.It rained and rained, and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washed out.6.When we compare different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences which show the uniqueness of each.7.If everything had been taken into consideration, the party was a success.8.Did you attend the meeting which was held last month in the tall building that stands against the mountain ?9.He had been bitten twice by the dog that was raised by my neighbor, and the postman refused to deliver our letters.10.Since she was lost in thought，she nearly ran into a tree that was planted in the middle of the road that wound along the river..B：Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs given用所给动词的适当形式填空1.______(stand) there, he couldn’t help think ing of all those days________(spend) in the countryside.2.________( not recognize) who he was, the old lady__________(weave) a woolen sweater refused to shake hands with him.3.The__________(speed) car suddenly crashed into a ________(die) old tree________(plant) by his grandfather.4.__________(see) from the top of the mountain, people _______(walk) on the road are like dolls.5.When_______(run), he is like a _________(fly) robot, which is why everybody looks forward to seeing him.6.__________(annoy) by the cat’s jumping around, he decided to sel l the _________(annoy) cat immediately.7.______________(persuade) into taking the exam, fortunately, the boy got a ________(satisfy) grade.8.With the _________(embarrass) news, the hall is full of ___________(excite) kids and__________(hesitate) parents.9.He used to turn red when_________(criticize) as a kid, but with time_________(go) by, he has been used to being criticized at any time.10._________(sit) in the library________(read) a book just_________(borrow) is indeed a_________(reward) experience.Key:答案：A: 1.This purse looks quite different from the one bought by my mother last month.2.He rushed out with a bag of books, worrying about those kids living in the rural area.3.(If) rewarded occasionally, he will have nothing to complain about his strict diet forbidden by his parents.4.He fired killing one of the passers-by riding home.5.It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out.6.When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences showing the uniqueness of each.7.Everything taken into consideration，the party was a success.8.Did you attend the meeting held last month in the tall building standing against the mountain ?9.Having been bitten twice by the dog raised by my neighbor, the postman refused to deliver our letters.11.Lost in thought，she nearly ran into a tree planted in the middle of the road winding along the river.. B:1.Standing; spent2.Not realizing; weaving3.Speeding; dying; planted4.Seen; walking5.running; flying;6.Annoyed; annoying7.Persuaded; satisfying8.embarrassing; excited; hesitating9.criticized; going10.sitting; reading; borrowed; rewarding。
现在分词与定语从句转换
Doing (1)【内容】(1)动名词和现在分词(2)现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语，表语，伴随或方式，原因，条件，让步等(3)现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。
(4)现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。
一．动名词：【定义】相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语；表语。
【构成形式】主动：doing sth 被动：being doneHaving done having been done.【应用】1.做主语。
(1)当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。
被看作单数不可数名词。
主语较长时用it代替主语。
(2) 特殊句型。
It is no use doing sthIt is useless doing sthIt is no good doing sthIt is a waste of time doing sthIt is worthwhile doing sthThere is no point\ use in doing sthThere is nothing wore than doing sth 没什么比做…更糟糕的。
(3) 练习一下。
<a> 听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。
<b> 开快车是非常危险的。
<c> 已经错过了早班车已经使她很担忧。
<d> 看那本书是浪费时间。
2.作动词宾语。
(1)Forbid doing sth; allow doing sth ，advocate doing sth ; admit doing sth ; Advise\ suggest doing sth; risk doing sth; appreciate doing sth; enjoy doing sth; Envy doing sth; avoid doing sth; consider doing sth; delay doing sth; deny doing sth. Dislike doing sth; escape doing sth; excuse doing sth; finish doing sth; forgive doing sth. Understand doing sth; give up doing sth; imagine doing sth; keep doing sth; mind doing sth. Miss doing sth , practice doing sth, put off doing sth, resist doing sth; can’t help doing sth; Can’t stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth, stick to doing sth; be used to doing sth, object to doing sth; be busy in doing sth; adapt to doing sth; be occupied in doing sth;(2)Sth need \ require\ want doing(3) allow\ permit\forbid\advice doing sth(4) 练习<a> The light in the office is still on. He forgot (turn) it off.<b> Don’t you remember (see)the man before?<c> I can’t bear (laugh).<d> you will forbid (photograph) in the park.= you will in the park.<e> Your composition needs (correct) .= Your composition needs .做介词宾语(1) 动词+ 介词+ doing sthBe used to doing ; be related to doing; get down to doing ; be given to doing =be addicted to doing ; put one’s mind to doing ; give rise to (引起); be equal to doing sth ; devote one’s to doing sth ; lead to doing sth; object to doing ; look forward to doing sth; be opposed to doing sth ; stop\ keep\ prevent sb from doingh sth; protect sb from doing sth; forbid sb from doing sth; Remind sb of doing sth ; Warn sb of doing sth ; Rob sb of doing sth; inform sb of doing sth ; accuse sb of doing sth ; feel like doing sth.(2) 形容词+ 介词+doing sthBe busy in doing ; be occupied in; be interested in ; be responsible for doing sth..(3) 主语+ have + fun\ pleasure \a good time\ trouble \ difficulty \ problem in doing sth;have no hesitation in doing sth(4) what\ how about doing sth (征求意见)(5)go + shopping\ swimming\ camping\ climbing\hiking\ running\skating\ walking\ sightseeing\dancing\ fishing\ riding\ jogging\ hunting\ driving\ boating ……练习<a> I used to (get) up late , but now I am used to (get) up early.<b> The rain prevented us from (go) out .<c> She objects to (marry) me.<d> 你对打篮球感兴趣吗？<e> 我读懂他有困难。
必修四-Unit4 现在分词作状语
小试牛刀：
1.The child slipped and fell, _h__it_t_i_n_g___(hit) his head against the door.
2.The old man died, _l_e_a_v_i_n_g__(leave) nothing but debts.
3.He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
Task4 观察例句：
◆ 1.She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground and broke it into pieces. ◆ 2.An big earthquake hit Lushan, causing a great loss.
5. How can you keep her _w__a_i_ti_n_g(等待) in
the rain.
宾语补足语
6. The man _s_t_a_n_d_i_n_g__o_v_e_r__th__e_re_ (站在那里）
is my father. 定语
◆ 1)Yesterday, another student and I , _re_p_r_e_s_e_n_t_in_g__our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
分词作状语练习题解析
分词作状语练习题解析1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。
通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。
例如：Put into use in April000 , the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network , Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语Given time , he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. 分词短语作伴随状语2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。
例如：When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.Though tired, he still continued reading.3. 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较。
不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。
分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状语从句或并列句，如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词；如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。
分词作状语的用法
分词作状语的用法可以肯定地说，分词的状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。
历年的高考英语考题也说明，分词作状语的用法是所有分词用法中最常考的。
因此，本文拟对分词作状语的用法作一小结和分析，同时归纳一些行之有效的做题方法和理解技巧，以帮助同学们掌握其用法。
一、用作时间状语1. 典型例句Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后，他就回家了。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定)，如上面两句也可转换成：When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off. After the work was finished, he went home. 3. 高考实例When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江卷) A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 【分析】此题答案选C，分词短语when comparing different cultures 相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。
二、用作原因状语1. 典型例句Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了，所以只好走路。
Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。
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[非谓语动词和从句转换]状语从句与分词作状语的转换篇一: 状语从句与分词作状语的转换状语从句与分词作状语的转换时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。
[]一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。
如：They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do．由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，可以把从句中because 和they去掉，把had变成having，即成现在分词短语作原因状语：Having a lot of work to do，they did not go to the Summer Palace．二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。
1．When he heard a cry for help，he rushed out．从句中，he was与heard是主动关系，表示“他听见”。
则可变成现在分词作时间状语。
Hearing a cry for help，he rushed out．2．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said“sorry”because hewas great-ly touched by his words．从句中，he was touched是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。
Greatly touched by his teache r’s words，the boy laterwent up to him and said“sorry”．三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例：1．As the heroes’ deeds moved them deeply，they decided to study even harder．句中，主句的主语是they，而从句主语是the heroes’deeds，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变成被动语态。
即成As they w ere deeplymoved by the heroes’deeds．从句的主语与主句的主语都是they，就可转换成：Deeply moved by the heroes’deeds，they decided to study even harder．下列的句子中主语也是不同的。
2．The professor came into the lab；a group of students followed him．这是两个简单句，如果中间加个and也可看成并列句。
但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：He was followed by a group of students．全句就转换成：Followed by a group of students，the professor came into the lab．四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例：He recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，so he wentover to say hello to him．这句中，看不出有从句。
so是并列连词，表示“因此，于是”等意思。
这样一来，前面那一句就有表示原因的意味。
这一句可以改写为：Because he recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before，he went over to say hello to him．变成一个原因状语从句，即可转换成现在分词作原因状语。
Recognizing the man?许多有and或没有and的并列句，只要主语一致，往往可能换成分词作伴随状语。
如：The students went home from school；they talked and laughed．可转换成：Talking and laughing，the students went home from school．五、如何判断要不要有一个Being？如：As he was very old，he had to give up his teaching．可转换成：Being very old，he had to give up his teaching．再看下例：As he was moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes．则转换成：Moved by the story，he decided to learn from the heroes．而不是Being moved?为什么呢？原来前面的那一句的was是系动词，后面跟的是表语。
又如：As he was an engineer，he knew exactly what to do．an engineer．是名词作表语，即可转换成：Being an engineer，he knew exactly what to do．而后面那一句的被动语态was是助动词，只需过去分词就可以了。
但英语中有许多过去分词已经形容词化了，如be interested in，be excited等，往往表示一个状语，则仍需加Being。
如：As he was filled with new ideas，the young man invented many kinds of mod-ern machines．如果把be filled with理解为be full of是一种状态，则可转换成being filledwith?，如果把be filled理解为单纯的被动，则转换成Filled with new ideas?二者都可。
to improve living conditions.→The question being discussed is about how t o improve living conditions.2.2定语从句可以转化为过去分词如定语从句的谓语是被动语态，或是“系动词+过去分词”结构，且从句的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是在主句的谓语之前发生或无明确的时间。
此时，我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词。
有时定语从句谓语虽然是主动语态.但它表示的动作在主句谓语之前就已经完成，这时我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词。
The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today.→The report made yesterday will be discussed today.The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.→The dictionary bought for me by my mother is very useful.但以下几种情况，一般不可把定语从句转换为分词。
1.虽关系代词作定语从句的主语，但如从句的谓语中含有情态动词，则不能转换成分词。
Those who must hand in their homework before 12 are studying hard now. 此句不宜转成：Those handing in their homework before 12 are studying hard now.2.如关系代词在从句中作主语，且从句谓语是完成时的主动语态，一般不转换成分词。
例：The engineer who has finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.此举不宜转化为：The engineer having finished his design is about to visit Hawaii.3.以关系代词which或as引起的非限制性定语从句，当关系代词指的是前面整个句子，将这个非限制性定语从句转换成分词，其逻辑主语是其前面或后面的整个句子，但分词在这个在句子里结果状语。
例：The boy’s parents died，which left him an orphan.→His parents died，leaving him an orphan.4、用对称，事半功倍。
利用对称性，可以由部分图形的结论得出整个图形的有关结论。
例7、已知：△ABC中，AD是BC上的高，AB=AC=2AD，DE⊥AB，DF⊥AC，E和F是垂足，求证：DE+DF=12BC。
分析：由对称性易证DE=DF，DB=DC，等式DE+DF=BC的两边同除以2，即证DF=DC，在Rt△CDF中易知∠C=30°，DF=DC。
上面的例题说明，有关等腰三角形的问题，有关线段的垂直平分线的问题，以及有关角平分线问题，常常可用对称原理找到解题途径。
例8、△ABC的底边长AB一定，面积一定，何时周长最小？分析：△ABC的底边长和面积一定，则AB边上的高一定，即C点必在与AB平行的直线l上，如图，作A点关于l的对称点A′，易证当A′与点B、点C在一条直线上，即AC=BC时，△ABC的周长最小。
对于一些数学问题，若能洞察到问题所具有的对称性，往往可将问题巧妙转化，使问题思路简捷，化难为易，避繁就简。
表面上看不具有对称性的数学问题，若能巧用问题所蕴含的对称性，往往能突破常规思路，使得解法灵巧，过程简捷，给人一种美的享受。
更容易让学生获得成就感，激发他们的求知欲和学习数学的兴趣。