10GMX-PNL-48 (Full)
MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook说明书
MinElute®96 UF PCR Purification HandbookFor efficient, high-throughput purification of PCR productsTrademarks: QIAGEN‚ QIAsoft™, BioRobot, MinElute(QIAGEN Group).Triton(Rohm and Haas Company)The PCR process is covered by U.S. patents 4,683,195 and 4,683,202 and foreign equivalents owned by Hoffmann-La Roche AG.© 2004 QIAGEN, all rights reserved.ContentsKit Contents4 Storage Conditions 4 Quality Control4 Product Use Limitations4 Safety Information4 Product Warranty and Satisfaction Guarantee5 Technical Assistance5 Typical Results5 Introduction6 The MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Principle6 Protocols8 MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification (Manual Procedure)8 Important notes before starting8 Calibrating a microplate shaker for DNA elution8 Purification procedure8 MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Using the BioRobot 300010 MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Using the BioRobot 800011 Recommendations for working with an automated system11 Troubleshooting Guide12 Ordering Information13 QIAGEN Distributors15MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/20043Kit ContentsStorage ConditionsMinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plates should be stored dry and at room temperature. They can be stored for up to 12 months without showing any reduction in performance, capacity, or quality of separation.Quality ControlAs part of the stringent QIAGEN quality assurance program, the performance of MinElute UF PCR Purification Kits is monitored routinely and on a lot-to-lot basis. MinElute UF PCR Purification Kits are tested for primer removal and by isolation of DNA fragments from aqueous solution.Product Use LimitationsMinElute UF PCR Purification Kits are developed, designed, and sold for research purposes only. They are not to be used for human diagnostic or drug purposes or to be administered to humans unless expressly cleared for that purpose by the Food and Drug Administration in the USA or the appropriate regulatory authorities in the country of use. All due care and attention should be exercised in the handling of many of the materials described in this text.Safety InformationWhen working with chemicals, always wear a suitable lab coat, disposable gloves, and protective goggles. For more information, please consult the appropriate material safety data sheets (MSDSs). These are available online in convenient and compact PDF format at /ts/msds.asp where you can find, view, and print the MSDS for each QIAGEN kit and kit component.24-hour emergency informationEmergency medical information in English, French, and German can be obtained 24 hours a day from:Poison Information Center Mainz, GermanyTel: +49-6131-192404MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004Product Warranty and Satisfaction GuaranteeQIAGEN guarantees the performance of all products in the manner described in our product literature. The purchaser must determine the suitability of the product for its particular use. Should any product fail to perform satisfactorily due to any reason other than misuse, QIAGEN will replace it free of charge or refund the purchase price. We reserve the right to change, alter, or modify any product to enhance its performance and design. If a QIAGEN product does not meet your expectations, simply call your local Technical Service Department or distributor. We will credit your account or exchange the product — as you wish.A copy of QIAGEN terms and conditions can be obtained on request, and is also provided on the back of our invoices. If you have questions about product specifications or performance, please call QIAGEN Technical Services or your local distributor (see inside back cover).Technical AssistanceAt QIAGEN we pride ourselves on the quality and availability of our technical support. Our Technical Service Departments are staffed by experienced scientists with extensive practical and theoretical expertise in molecular biology and the use of QIAGEN products. If you have any questions or experience any difficulties regarding MinElute UF PCR Purification Kits or QIAGEN products in general, please do not hesitate to contact us.QIAGEN customers are a major source of information regarding advanced or specialized uses of our products. This information is helpful to other scientists as well as to the researchers at QIAGEN. We therefore encourage you to contact us if you have any suggestions about product performance or new applications and techniques.For technical assistance and more information please call one of the QIAGEN Technical Service Departments or local distributors (see inside back cover).Typical Results**Table refers to the manual procedure and results may vary if using an automated procedure.MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/20045IntroductionThe MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Kit is designed to provide manual or fully automated high-throughput PCR purification. MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Kits provide pure nucleic acids, which are highly suited for direct use in many applications, such as:I SequencingI Microarray analysisThis handbook contains technical information about the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification system to help users gain maximum benefit from the kit. The handbook explains the technology underlying MinElute 96 UF PCR purification and outlines the major steps of the procedures. Detailed protocols are included, as well as a Troubleshooting Guide to help analyze any difficulties. If you need any further information please contact our Technical Service Department.Please spend some time reading this handbook and familiarizing yourself with the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification system.The MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification PrincipleThe QIAGEN MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Kit combines the convenience of multiwell technology and the separation properties of an ultrafiltration membrane with a unique design. The plates enable the fast and efficient recovery of double-stranded DNA fragments ≥100 bp and the removal of primers (<20mers), unincorporated nucleotides, and salts. PCR products are applied to the wells of the ultrafiltration plate and a vacuum is applied. While small molecules such as primers, salts, and unincorporated nucleotides run through the membrane, PCR products are retained. Purified PCR products are eluted from the surface of the membranes in small volumes (down to 20 µl), giving eluates with high concentrations of DNA. It is possible to process PCR sample volumes up to 150 µl using either a manual or fully automated procedure. PCR products are typically purified with a recovery of 80–95%.6MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/20047MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Procedure96 8MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004Protocol: MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification (Manual Procedure)Important notes before startingThis protocol is for purification of up to 96 PCR samples in parallel using a manual procedure.I The use of MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plates requires a suitable vacuum manifold, e.g., the QIAvac Multiwell Unit, cat. no. 9014579.I A multichannel pipet facilitates handling of PCR samples.I For elution of DNA from MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plates, use of a microplate shaker is recommended. Alternatively, purified DNA can be dissolved by pipetting samples up and down 20 times.IDeionized water (used for the optional wash step) and elution buffer must be supplied by the user.Calibrating a microplate shaker for DNA elutionCalibrate a microplate shaker by following the steps e a 96-well polystyrene microplate with 300 µl round-bottom wells, e.g., 96-Well Microplates RB (24), QIAGEN cat. no. 19581.2.Add 200 µl of a colored aqueous solution (e.g., bromophenol blue)*, to two wells.3.Place the 96-well plate on a microplate shaker.4.Set the speed to the lowest level and slowly increase the speed of the shaker.Ensure that the plate is fixed securely on top of the shaker.5.The recommended shaking speed for elution is the maximum speed at which no liquid is splashed out of the wells.Purification procedure 1.Prepare the vacuum manifold according to the supplier’s instructions.Place a waste tray inside the base of the manifold.2.Place the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plate on top of the vacuum manifold.3.Pipet the PCR samples onto the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plate.Note : Processing PCR sample volumes larger than 150 µl may lead to increased processing time and incomplete primer removal.*When working with chemicals, always wear a suitable lab coat, disposable gloves, and protective goggles.For more information, please consult the appropriate material safety data sheets (MSDSs), available from the product supplier.4.Apply a vacuum and maintain at –800 mbar for 5 min or until the wells arecompletely dry. Switch off vacuum source.Note: If the PCR volume exceeds 50 µl, a longer vacuum time is needed. Apply the vacuum until all wells are dry. Approximately 5 min of vacuum application are needed for each 50 µl PCR volume.5.Optional: Add 50 µl deionized water to each well, apply a vacuum, and maintainat –800 mbar for 5 minutes or until the wells are completely dry. Switch off vacuum source.Note: The purity of the DNA obtained after elution is sufficient for most applications without this wash step being required. If a higher purity is needed for a specific application, this step should be carried out.6.Carefully remove the MinElute 96 U F PCR Purification Plate from thevacuum manifold.7.Carefully tap the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plate on a stack of cleanabsorbent paper to remove any liquid that might remain on the bottom of the plate.8.Add 20 µl deionized water to each well.DMSO (50% v/v)*, 3 x SSC*, and EB (10 mM Tris·Cl, pH 8.5)* or similar buffers can be used instead of water for elution.9.Elute DNA according to step 9a or 9b.9a.Shake the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plate on a microplate shaker for2 min at the recommended speed (see “Calibrating a microplate shaker forDNA elution”).Note: Ensure that the MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plate is fixed securely on top of the shaker.9b.Alternatively, purified DNA may be dissolved by pipetting samples up and down20 times.10.Recover the purified PCR product by pipetting the eluate out of each well.For easier recovery of the eluates, the plate can be held at a slight angle.*When working with chemicals, always wear a suitable lab coat, disposable gloves, and protective goggles. For more information, please consult the appropriate material safety data sheets (MSDSs), available from the product supplier.MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004996 3000 10MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004Protocol: MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Using the BioRobot ®3000The following protocol is for MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification using the BioRobot 3000.The recommended minimum elution volume for MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification using the BioRobot 3000 is 30 µl. Before starting with the purification, ensure that the BioRobot is calibrated properly.Your BioRobot 3000 workstation requires the following features for MinElute 96 UF PCR purification:I High-speed pipetting systemI Shaker adapter, microplate, LHS I Robotic handling system, T-grip I Pipetting probe (0.9 mm)I Automated Vacuum Unit 3000IPrecision syringe (0.5 ml)IShaker system, 4-plate Procedure 1.Make sure that the BioRobot 3000 is switched on.2.Switch on the computer and the unch QIAsoft, if necessary.4.Select “MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification” from the protocol field and click “RUN”on the toolbar.5.The “Layout Configuration” dialog box appears. Click “OK”.6.The “Select Samples” dialog box appears. Choose the number of samples and click “OK”.7.Follow the instructions provided by the QIAsoft Wizard.The Wizard gives a step-by-step guide to entering parameters and placing items on the worktable.Protocol: MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Using the BioRobot 8000The following protocol is for MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification using the BioRobot 8000. The recommended minimum elution volume for MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification using the BioRobot 8000 is 30 µl. Before starting with the purification, ensure that the BioRobot is calibrated properly.Your BioRobot 8000 workstation requires the following features for MinElute 96 UF PCR purification:I Robotic Handling System, (LabHand 8000)I Automated Vacuum SystemI High-Speed Shaker SystemI Probe Set 8000, 09/500Procedure1.Make sure that the BioRobot 8000 is switched on.2.Switch on the computer and the monitor.unch QIAsoft, if necessary.4.Select “MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification” from the protocol field and click “RUN”on the toolbar.5.The “Layout Configuration” dialog box appears. Click “OK”.6.The “Select Samples” dialog box appears. Choose the number of samples and click“OK”.7. Follow the instructions provided by the QIAsoft Wizard.The Wizard gives a step-by-step guide to entering parameters and placing items on the worktable.Recommendations for working with an automated systemI The use of MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plates requires a suitable vacuummanifold capable of maintaining a vacuum of –800 mbar.I Set times and parameters as recommended for the manual procedure.I F or elution of DNA from MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Plates, use of amicroplate shaker is recommended. Alternatively, purified DNA can be dissolved by pipetting samples up and down 20 times.I For automated systems, it is recommended to start protcol development using anelution volume of 30 µl.MinElute Handbook 06/20041112MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004Ordering InformationMinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/200413Notes14MinElute 96 UF PCR Purification Handbook 08/2004QIAGEN CompaniesPlease see the back cover for contact information for your local QIAGEN office. 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迅达APMMR现场安装手册
迅达A P M M R现场安装手册SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#安装缩略图摘要本手册提供了在亚太区范围内使用脚手架安装300P MMR主要安装步骤的详细说明。
本手册为保密文件，并仅供授权的培训人员使用。
目录1 安全建议 (4)概要 (4)使用符号 (4)2 先决条件 (5)产品概述 (5)安装步骤 (7)专用工具 (9)3 施工现场准备工作 (10)4 导轨安装 (15)准备工作 (15)导轨支架安装 (15)导轨安装 (21)导轨基座 (21)导轨安装 (22)连接板校正 (24)5 Varidor 30AP C2 厅门入口安装 (25)门框预安装 (27)地坎支架 (30)门框和机械横梁 (31)地坎和护脚板 (35)门板 (36)C2井道互锁装置 (40)门解锁装置 (41)安装门重锤 (42)防护罩 (44)6 PMS420无齿轮机组安装 (45)机组支架 (47)安装PMS420无齿轮机组 (48)*手动应急操作选配装置 (51)制动器调整和制动力测试 (57)*曳引钢丝绳悬挂装置安装 (58)*安装限速器 (62)7 *安装GGM2-AP对重 (71)先决条件 (71)*机械安装 (72)*缓冲器支撑 (72)*对重校正 (73)*安全钳（选配） (74)*导靴 (76)油杯（选配） (79)*对重块 (79)*补偿链悬挂装置 (80)地震传感器（选配） (81)*调整和最后检查 (82)对重防护屏 (83)*对重防护屏后置 (83)*对重防护屏侧置 (84)8 安装轿厢架FRS9-AP/FRM9-AP (87)安装轿厢架FRS9-AP (87)FRS9-AP安全钳和导靴选配件 (98)FRM9-AP安全钳和导靴选配件 (99)9 安装曳引绳 (100)处理钢丝绳 (100)安装钢丝绳 (101)钢丝绳绳头安装 (105)检查钢丝绳张紧度和绳的润滑 (109)限速器钢丝绳 (110)10 轿厢P9KD-AP(CM)安装 (117)轿厢安装步骤 (118)*安装轿厢装璜 (134)安装满载、超载开关 (143)轿厢平衡装置 (144)11 V30 AP轿门安装 (145)11.1 C2轿门 (145)11.1.1 轿门机驱动 (146)11.1.2 轿门板 (147)11.1.3 轿门刀 (149)安装光幕(MiniMax光幕LVH) (151)12 安装缓冲器 (157)13 安装补偿链 (159)补偿链导向装置 (159)4-滚轮导靴 (159)2-滚轮导靴 (162)补偿链 (165)14 安装MX-GC (170)先决条件 (170)材料范围 (171)控制柜 (172)井道信息 (174)井道信息IGSI (174)绝对值线型井道信息系统 (190)控制柜内模块 (210)机房电缆 (211)井道电缆 (215)准备 (220)安装 (223)调整和最后检查 (229)OKR (231)随行电缆 (236)带IGSI和LONCIB的MX-GC，HQ<=70m (237)带IGSI和LONCIB的MX-GC，HQ>70m (238)带IGSI和LONIC/LONICK的MX-GC，HQ<=70m (239)带IGSI和LONIC/LONICK的MX-GC，HQ>70m (240)控制柜内的概述与名称 (241)15 VARIODYN VF44BR和VF88BR安装 (243)VARIODYN VF44BR安装 (243)VARIODYN VF88BR安装 (249)1 安全建议概要安全要求所有参与的安装人员必须熟悉并遵守公司以及当地的安全规范，特别要注意以下几点：照明必须充足，以保证安全生产。
施耐德 Symmetra PX 48、96和160 kW 400 V 100 kW 208 V说明书
寿命周期监控 (LCM) .................................................................................26 部件更换 ..................................................................................................26
概述 ...............................................................................................................7
用户界面 ....................................................................................................7 显示界面 ....................................................................................................7
危险
危险表示危险状况，如不避免，将导致人员死亡或严重伤害。 未按说明操作将导致人身伤亡等严重严重伤害。 未按说明操作可能导致人身伤亡或设备损坏等严重后果。
小心
小心表示危险状况，如不避免，可能会导致轻度或中度人身伤害。 不遵循上述说明可能导致人身伤害或设备损坏。
Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure
Agricultural Sciences in China2010, 9(9): 1251-1262September 2010Received 30 October, 2009 Accepted 16 April, 2010Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Maize Landraces from the South Maize Region of ChinaLIU Zhi-zhai 1, 2, GUO Rong-hua 2, 3, ZHAO Jiu-ran 4, CAI Yi-lin 1, W ANG Feng-ge 4, CAO Mo-ju 3, W ANG Rong-huan 2, 4, SHI Yun-su 2, SONG Yan-chun 2, WANG Tian-yu 2 and LI Y u 21Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R.China2Institue of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081, P.R.China3Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, P.R.China4Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100089, P.R.ChinaAbstractUnderstanding genetic diversity and population structure of landraces is important in utilization of these germplasm in breeding programs. In the present study, a total of 143 core maize landraces from the South Maize Region (SR) of China,which can represent the general profile of the genetic diversity in the landraces germplasm of SR, were genotyped by 54DNA microsatellite markers. Totally, 517 alleles (ranging from 4 to 22) were detected among these landraces, with an average of 9.57 alleles per locus. The total gene diversity of these core landraces was 0.61, suggesting a rather higher level of genetic diversity. Analysis of population structure based on Bayesian method obtained the samilar result as the phylogeny neighbor-joining (NJ) method. The results indicated that the whole set of 143 core landraces could be clustered into two distinct groups. All landraces from Guangdong, Hainan, and 15 landraces from Jiangxi were clustered into group 1, while those from the other regions of SR formed the group 2. The results from the analysis of genetic diversity showed that both of groups possessed a similar gene diversity, but group 1 possessed relatively lower mean alleles per locus (6.63) and distinct alleles (91) than group 2 (7.94 and 110, respectively). The relatively high richness of total alleles and distinct alleles preserved in the core landraces from SR suggested that all these germplasm could be useful resources in germplasm enhancement and maize breeding in China.Key words :maize, core landraces, genetic diversity, population structureINTRODUCTIONMaize has been grown in China for nearly 500 years since its first introduction into this second biggest pro-duction country in the world. Currently, there are six different maize growing regions throughout the coun-try according to the ecological conditions and farming systems, including three major production regions,i.e., the North Spring Maize Region, the Huang-Huai-Hai Summer Maize Region, and the Southwest MaizeRegion, and three minor regions, i.e., the South Maize Region, the Northwest Maize Region, and the Qingzang Plateau Maize Region. The South Maize Region (SR)is specific because of its importance in origin of Chi-nese maize. It is hypothesized that Chinese maize is introduced mainly from two routes. One is called the land way in which maize was first brought to Tibet from India, then to Sichuan Province in southwestern China. The other way is that maize dispersed via the oceans, first shipped to the coastal areas of southeast China by boats, and then spread all round the country1252LIU Zhi-zhai et al.(Xu 2001; Zhou 2000). SR contains all of the coastal provinces and regions lie in southeastern China.In the long-term cultivation history of maize in south-ern China, numerous landraces have been formed, in which a great amount of genetic variation was observed (Li 1998). Similar to the hybrid swapping in Europe (Reif et al. 2005a), the maize landraces have been al-most replaced by hybrids since the 1950s in China (Li 1998). However, some landraces with good adapta-tions and yield performances are still grown in a few mountainous areas of this region (Liu et al.1999). Through a great effort of collection since the 1950s, 13521 accessions of maize landraces have been cur-rently preserved in China National Genebank (CNG), and a core collection of these landraces was established (Li et al. 2004). In this core collection, a total of 143 maize landrace accessions were collected from the South Maize Region (SR) (Table 1).Since simple sequence repeat ( SSR ) markers were firstly used in human genetics (Litt and Luty 1989), it now has become one of the most widely used markers in the related researches in crops (Melchinger et al. 1998; Enoki et al. 2005), especially in the molecular characterization of genetic resources, e.g., soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] (Xie et al. 2005), rice (Orya sativa L.) (Garris et al. 2005), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) (Chao et al. 2007). In maize (Zea mays L.), numerous studies focusing on the genetic diversity and population structure of landraces and inbred lines in many countries and regions worldwide have been pub-lished (Liu et al. 2003; Vegouroux et al. 2005; Reif et al. 2006; Wang et al. 2008). These activities of documenting genetic diversity and population structure of maize genetic resources have facilitated the under-standing of genetic bases of maize landraces, the utili-zation of these resources, and the mining of favorable alleles from landraces. Although some studies on ge-netic diversity of Chinese maize inbred lines were con-ducted (Yu et al. 2007; Wang et al. 2008), the general profile of genetic diversity in Chinese maize landraces is scarce. Especially, there are not any reports on ge-netic diversity of the maize landraces collected from SR, a possibly earliest maize growing area in China. In this paper, a total of 143 landraces from SR listed in the core collection of CNG were genotyped by using SSR markers, with the aim of revealing genetic diver-sity of the landraces from SR (Table 2) of China and examining genetic relationships and population struc-ture of these landraces.MATERIALS AND METHODSPlant materials and DNA extractionTotally, 143 landraces from SR which are listed in the core collection of CNG established by sequential strati-fication method (Liu et al. 2004) were used in the present study. Detailed information of all these landrace accessions is listed in Table 1. For each landrace, DNA sample was extracted by a CTAB method (Saghi-Maroof et al. 1984) from a bulk pool constructed by an equal-amount of leaves materials sampled from 15 random-chosen plants of each landrace according to the proce-dure of Reif et al. (2005b).SSR genotypingA total of 54 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering the entire maize genome were screened to fin-gerprint all of the 143 core landrace accessions (Table 3). 5´ end of the left primer of each locus was tailed by an M13 sequence of 5´-CACGACGTTGTAAAACGAC-3´. PCR amplification was performed in a 15 L reac-tion containing 80 ng of template DNA, 7.5 mmol L-1 of each of the four dNTPs, 1×Taq polymerase buffer, 1.5 mmol L-1 MgCl2, 1 U Taq polymerase (Tiangen Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing, China), 1.2 mol L-1 of forward primer and universal fluorescent labeled M13 primer, and 0.3 mol L-1 of M13 sequence tailed reverse primer (Schuelke 2000). The amplification was carried out in a 96-well DNA thermal cycler (GeneAmp PCR System 9700, Applied Biosystem, USA). PCR products were size-separated on an ABI Prism 3730XL DNA sequencer (HitachiHigh-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) via the software packages of GENEMAPPER and GeneMarker ver. 6 (SoftGenetics, USA).Data analysesAverage number of alleles per locus and average num-ber of group-specific alleles per locus were identifiedAnalysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Maize Landraces from the South Maize Region of China 1253Table 1 The detailed information about the landraces used in the present studyPGS revealed by Structure1) NJ dendragram revealed Group 1 Group 2 by phylogenetic analysis140-150tian 00120005AnH-06Jingde Anhui 0.0060.994Group 2170tian00120006AnH-07Jingde Anhui 0.0050.995Group 2Zixihuangyumi00120007AnH-08Zixi Anhui 0.0020.998Group 2Zixibaihuangzayumi 00120008AnH-09Zixi Anhui 0.0030.997Group 2Baiyulu 00120020AnH-10Yuexi Anhui 0.0060.994Group 2Wuhuazi 00120021AnH-11Yuexi Anhui 0.0030.997Group 2Tongbai 00120035AnH-12Tongling Anhui 0.0060.994Group 2Yangyulu 00120036AnH-13Yuexi Anhui 0.0040.996Group 2Huangli 00120037AnH-14Tunxi Anhui 0.0410.959Group 2Baiyumi 00120038AnH-15Tunxi Anhui 0.0030.997Group 2Dapigu00120039AnH-16Tunxi Anhui 0.0350.965Group 2150tianbaiyumi 00120040AnH-17Xiuning Anhui 0.0020.998Group 2Xiuning60tian 00120042AnH-18Xiuning Anhui 0.0040.996Group 2Wubaogu 00120044AnH-19ShitaiAnhui 0.0020.998Group 2Kuyumi00130001FuJ-01Shanghang Fujian 0.0050.995Group 2Zhongdouyumi 00130003FuJ-02Shanghang Fujian 0.0380.962Group 2Baixinyumi 00130004FuJ-03Liancheng Fujian 0.0040.996Group 2Hongxinyumi 00130005FuJ-04Liancheng Fujian 0.0340.966Group 2Baibaogu 00130008FuJ-05Changding Fujian 0.0030.997Group 2Huangyumi 00130011FuJ-06Jiangyang Fujian 0.0020.998Group 2Huabaomi 00130013FuJ-07Shaowu Fujian 0.0020.998Group 2Huangbaomi 00130014FuJ-08Songxi Fujian 0.0020.998Group 2Huangyumi 00130016FuJ-09Wuyishan Fujian 0.0460.954Group 2Huabaogu 00130019FuJ-10Jian’ou Fujian 0.0060.994Group 2Huangyumi 00130024FuJ-11Guangze Fujian 0.0010.999Group 2Huayumi 00130025FuJ-12Nanping Fujian 0.0040.996Group 2Huangyumi 00130026FuJ-13Nanping Fujian 0.0110.989Group 2Hongbaosu 00130027FuJ-14Longyan Fujian 0.0160.984Group 2Huangfansu 00130029FuJ-15Loangyan Fujian 0.0020.998Group 2Huangbaosu 00130031FuJ-16Zhangping Fujian 0.0060.994Group 2Huangfansu 00130033FuJ-17Zhangping Fujian0.0040.996Group 2Baolieyumi 00190001GuangD-01Guangzhou Guangdong 0.9890.011Group 1Nuomibao (I)00190005GuangD-02Shixing Guangdong 0.9740.026Group 1Nuomibao (II)00190006GuangD-03Shixing Guangdong 0.9790.021Group 1Zasehuabao 00190010GuangD-04Lechang Guangdong 0.9970.003Group 1Zihongmi 00190013GuangD-05Lechang Guangdong 0.9880.012Group 1Jiufengyumi 00190015GuangD-06Lechang Guangdong 0.9950.005Group 1Huangbaosu 00190029GuangD-07MeiGuangdong 0.9970.003Group 1Bailibao 00190032GuangD-08Xingning Guangdong 0.9980.002Group 1Nuobao00190038GuangD-09Xingning Guangdong 0.9980.002Group 1Jinlanghuang 00190048GuangD-10Jiangcheng Guangdong 0.9960.004Group 1Baimizhenzhusu 00190050GuangD-11Yangdong Guangdong 0.9940.006Group 1Huangmizhenzhusu 00190052GuangD-12Yangdong Guangdong 0.9930.007Group 1Baizhenzhu 00190061GuangD-13Yangdong Guangdong 0.9970.003Group 1Baiyumi 00190066GuangD-14Wuchuan Guangdong 0.9880.012Group 1Bendibai 00190067GuangD-15Suixi Guangdong 0.9980.002Group 1Shigubaisu 00190068GuangD-16Gaozhou Guangdong 0.9960.004Group 1Zhenzhusu 00190069GuangD-17Xinyi Guangdong 0.9960.004Group 1Nianyaxixinbai 00190070GuangD-18Huazhou Guangdong 0.9960.004Group 1Huangbaosu 00190074GuangD-19Xinxing Guangdong 0.9950.005Group 1Huangmisu 00190076GuangD-20Luoding Guangdong 0.940.060Group 1Huangmi’ai 00190078GuangD-21Luoding Guangdong 0.9980.002Group 1Bayuemai 00190084GuangD-22Liannan Guangdong 0.9910.009Group 1Baiyumi 00300001HaiN-01Haikou Hainan 0.9960.004Group 1Baiyumi 00300003HaiN-02Sanya Hainan 0.9970.003Group 1Hongyumi 00300004HaiN-03Sanya Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Baiyumi00300011HaiN-04Tongshi Hainan 0.9990.001Group 1Zhenzhuyumi 00300013HaiN-05Tongshi Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Zhenzhuyumi 00300015HaiN-06Qiongshan Hainan 0.9960.004Group 1Aiyumi 00300016HaiN-07Qiongshan Hainan 0.9960.004Group 1Huangyumi 00300021HaiN-08Qionghai Hainan 0.9970.003Group 1Y umi 00300025HaiN-09Qionghai Hainan 0.9870.013Group 1Accession name Entry code Analyzing code Origin (county/city)Province/Region1254LIU Zhi-zhai et al .Baiyumi00300032HaiN-10Tunchang Hainan 0.9960.004Group 1Huangyumi 00300051HaiN-11Baisha Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Baihuangyumi 00300055HaiN-12BaishaHainan 0.9970.003Group 1Machihuangyumi 00300069HaiN-13Changjiang Hainan 0.9900.010Group 1Hongyumi00300073HaiN-14Dongfang Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Xiaohonghuayumi 00300087HaiN-15Lingshui Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Baiyumi00300095HaiN-16Qiongzhong Hainan 0.9950.005Group 1Y umi (Baimai)00300101HaiN-17Qiongzhong Hainan 0.9980.002Group 1Y umi (Xuemai)00300103HaiN-18Qiongzhong Hainan 0.9990.001Group 1Huangmaya 00100008JiangS-10Rugao Jiangsu 0.0040.996Group 2Bainian00100012JiangS-11Rugao Jiangsu 0.0080.992Group 2Bayebaiyumi 00100016JiangS-12Rudong Jiangsu 0.0040.996Group 2Chengtuohuang 00100021JiangS-13Qidong Jiangsu 0.0050.995Group 2Xuehuanuo 00100024JiangS-14Qidong Jiangsu 0.0020.998Group 2Laobaiyumi 00100032JiangS-15Qidong Jiangsu 0.0050.995Group 2Laobaiyumi 00100033JiangS-16Qidong Jiangsu 0.0010.999Group 2Huangwuye’er 00100035JiangS-17Hai’an Jiangsu 0.0030.997Group 2Xiangchuanhuang 00100047JiangS-18Nantong Jiangsu 0.0060.994Group 2Huangyingzi 00100094JiangS-19Xinghua Jiangsu 0.0040.996Group 2Xiaojinhuang 00100096JiangS-20Yangzhou Jiangsu 0.0010.999Group 2Liushizi00100106JiangS-21Dongtai Jiangsu 0.0030.997Group 2Kangnandabaizi 00100108JiangS-22Dongtai Jiangsu 0.0020.998Group 2Shanyumi 00140020JiangX-01Dexing Jiangxi 0.9970.003Group 1Y umi00140024JiangX-02Dexing Jiangxi 0.9970.003Group 1Tianhongyumi 00140027JiangX-03Yushan Jiangxi 0.9910.009Group 1Hongganshanyumi 00140028JiangX-04Yushan Jiangxi 0.9980.002Group 1Zaoshuyumi 00140032JiangX-05Qianshan Jiangxi 0.9970.003Group 1Y umi 00140034JiangX-06Wannian Jiangxi 0.9970.003Group 1Y umi 00140038JiangX-07De’an Jiangxi 0.9940.006Group 1Y umi00140045JiangX-08Wuning Jiangxi 0.9740.026Group 1Chihongyumi 00140049JiangX-09Wanzai Jiangxi 0.9920.008Group 1Y umi 00140052JiangX-10Wanzai Jiangxi 0.9930.007Group 1Huayumi 00140060JiangX-11Jing’an Jiangxi 0.9970.003Group 1Baiyumi 00140065JiangX-12Pingxiang Jiangxi 0.9940.006Group 1Huangyumi00140066JiangX-13Pingxiang Jiangxi 0.9680.032Group 1Nuobaosuhuang 00140068JiangX-14Ruijin Jiangxi 0.9950.005Group 1Huangyumi 00140072JiangX-15Xinfeng Jiangxi 0.9960.004Group 1Wuningyumi 00140002JiangX-16Jiujiang Jiangxi 0.0590.941Group 2Tianyumi 00140005JiangX-17Shangrao Jiangxi 0.0020.998Group 2Y umi 00140006JiangX-18Shangrao Jiangxi 0.0310.969Group 2Baiyiumi 00140012JiangX-19Maoyuan Jiangxi 0.0060.994Group 260riyumi 00140016JiangX-20Maoyuan Jiangxi 0.0020.998Group 2Shanyumi 00140019JiangX-21Dexing Jiangxi 0.0050.995Group 2Laorenya 00090002ShangH-01Chongming Shanghai 0.0050.995Group 2Jinmeihuang 00090004ShangH-02Chongming Shanghai 0.0020.998Group 2Zaobaiyumi 00090006ShangH-03Chongming Shanghai 0.0020.998Group 2Chengtuohuang 00090007ShangH-04Chongming Shanghai 0.0780.922Group 2Benyumi (Huang)00090008ShangH-05Shangshi Shanghai 0.0020.998Group 2Bendiyumi 00090010ShangH-06Shangshi Shanghai 0.0040.996Group 2Baigengyumi 00090011ShangH-07Jiading Shanghai 0.0020.998Group 2Huangnuoyumi 00090012ShangH-08Jiading Shanghai 0.0040.996Group 2Huangdubaiyumi 00090013ShangH-09Jiading Shanghai 0.0440.956Group 2Bainuoyumi 00090014ShangH-10Chuansha Shanghai 0.0010.999Group 2Laorenya 00090015ShangH-11Shangshi Shanghai 0.0100.990Group 2Xiaojinhuang 00090016ShangH-12Shangshi Shanghai 0.0050.995Group 2Gengbaidayumi 00090017ShangH-13Shangshi Shanghai 0.0020.998Group 2Nongmeiyihao 00090018ShangH-14Shangshi Shanghai 0.0540.946Group 2Chuanshazinuo 00090020ShangH-15Chuansha Shanghai 0.0550.945Group 2Baoanshanyumi 00110004ZheJ-01Jiangshan Zhejiang 0.0130.987Group 2Changtaixizi 00110005ZheJ-02Jiangshan Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Shanyumibaizi 00110007ZheJ-03Jiangshan Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Kaihuajinyinbao 00110017ZheJ-04Kaihua Zhejiang 0.0100.990Group 2Table 1 (Continued from the preceding page)PGS revealed by Structure 1) NJ dendragram revealed Group1 Group2 by phylogenetic analysisAccession name Entry code Analyzing code Origin (county/city)Province/RegoinAnalysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Maize Landraces from the South Maize Region of China 1255Liputianzi00110038ZheJ-05Jinhua Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Jinhuaqiuyumi 00110040ZheJ-06Jinhua Zhejiang 0.0050.995Group 2Pujiang80ri 00110069ZheJ-07Pujiang Zhejiang 0.0210.979Group 2Dalihuang 00110076ZheJ-08Yongkang Zhejiang 0.0140.986Group 2Ziyumi00110077ZheJ-09Yongkang Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Baiyanhandipinzhong 00110078ZheJ-10Yongkang Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Duosuiyumi00110081ZheJ-11Wuyi Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Chun’an80huang 00110084ZheJ-12Chun’an Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2120ribaiyumi 00110090ZheJ-13Chun’an Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Lin’anliugu 00110111ZheJ-14Lin’an Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Qianhuangyumi00110114ZheJ-15Lin’an Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Fenshuishuitianyumi 00110118ZheJ-16Tonglu Zhejiang 0.0410.959Group 2Kuihualiugu 00110119ZheJ-17Tonglu Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Danbaihuang 00110122ZheJ-18Tonglu Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Hongxinma 00110124ZheJ-19Jiande Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Shanyumi 00110136ZheJ-20Suichang Zhejiang 0.0030.997Group 2Bai60ri 00110143ZheJ-21Lishui Zhejiang 0.0050.995Group 2Zeibutou 00110195ZheJ-22Xianju Zhejiang 0.0020.998Group 2Kelilao00110197ZheJ-23Pan’an Zhejiang 0.0600.940Group 21)The figures refered to the proportion of membership that each landrace possessed.Table 1 (Continued from the preceding page)PGS revealed by Structure 1) NJ dendragram revealed Group 1 Group 2 by phylogenetic analysisAccession name Entry code Analyzing code Origin (county/city)Province/Regoin Table 2 Construction of two phylogenetic groups (SSR-clustered groups) and their correlation with geographical locationsGeographical location SSR-clustered groupChi-square testGroup 1Group 2Total Guangdong 2222 χ2 = 124.89Hainan 1818P < 0.0001Jiangxi 15621Anhui 1414Fujian 1717Jiangsu 1313Shanghai 1515Zhejiang 2323Total5588143by the software of Excel MicroSatellite toolkit (Park 2001). Average number of alleles per locus was calcu-lated by the formula rAA rj j¦1, with the standarddeviation of1)()(12¦ r A AA rj jV , where A j was thenumber of distinct alleles at locus j , and r was the num-ber of loci (Park 2001).Unbiased gene diversity also known as expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity for each lo-cus and average gene diversity across the 54 SSR loci,as well as model-based groupings inferred by Struc-ture ver. 2.2, were calculated by the softwarePowerMarker ver.3.25 (Liu et al . 2005). Unbiased gene diversity for each locus was calculated by˅˄¦ 2ˆ1122ˆi x n n h , where 2ˆˆ2ˆ2¦¦z ji ijij i X X x ,and ij X ˆwas the frequency of genotype A i A jin the sample, and n was the number of individuals sampled.The average gene diversity across 54 loci was cal-culated as described by Nei (1987) as follows:rh H rj j ¦1ˆ, with the variance ,whereThe average observed heterozygosity across the en-tire loci was calculated as described by (Hedrick 1983)as follows: r jrj obsobs n h h ¦1, with the standard deviationrn h obs obsobs 1V1256LIU Zhi-zhai et al.Phylogenetic analysis and population genetic structureRelationships among all of the 143 accessions collected from SR were evaluated by using the unweighted pair group method with neighbor-joining (NJ) based on the log transformation of the proportion of shared alleles distance (InSPAD) via PowerMarker ver. 3.25 (FukunagaTable 3 The PIC of each locus and the number of alleles detected by 54 SSRsLocus Bin Repeat motif PIC No. of alleles Description 2)bnlg1007y51) 1.02AG0.7815Probe siteumc1122 1.06GGT0.639Probe siteumc1147y41) 1.07CA0.2615Probe sitephi961001) 2.00ACCT0.298Probe siteumc1185 2.03GC0.7215ole1 (oleosin 1)phi127 2.08AGAC0.577Probe siteumc1736y21) 2.09GCA T0.677Probe sitephi453121 3.01ACC0.7111Probe sitephi374118 3.03ACC0.477Probe sitephi053k21) 3.05A TAC0.7910Probe sitenc004 4.03AG0.4812adh2 (alcohol dehydrogenase 2)bnlg490y41) 4.04T A0.5217Probe sitephi079 4.05AGATG0.495gpc1(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1) bnlg1784 4.07AG0.6210Probe siteumc1574 4.09GCC0.719sbp2 (SBP-domain protein 2)umc1940y51) 4.09GCA0.4713Probe siteumc1050 4.11AA T0.7810cat3 (catalase 3)nc130 5.00AGC0.5610Probe siteumc2112y31) 5.02GA0.7014Probe sitephi109188 5.03AAAG0.719Probe siteumc1860 5.04A T0.325Probe sitephi085 5.07AACGC0.537gln4 (glutamine synthetase 4)phi331888 5.07AAG0.5811Probe siteumc1153 5.09TCA0.7310Probe sitephi075 6.00CT0.758fdx1 (ferredoxin 1)bnlg249k21) 6.01AG0.7314Probe sitephi389203 6.03AGC0.416Probe sitephi299852y21) 6.07AGC0.7112Probe siteumc1545y21)7.00AAGA0.7610hsp3(heat shock protein 3)phi1127.01AG0.5310o2 (opaque endosperm 2)phi4207018.00CCG0.469Probe siteumc13598.00TC0.7814Probe siteumc11398.01GAC0.479Probe siteumc13048.02TCGA0.335Probe sitephi1158.03A TAC0.465act1(actin1)umc22128.05ACG0.455Probe siteumc11218.05AGAT0.484Probe sitephi0808.08AGGAG0.646gst1 (glutathione-S-transferase 1)phi233376y11)8.09CCG0.598Probe sitebnlg12729.00AG0.8922Probe siteumc20849.01CTAG0.498Probe sitebnlg1520k11)9.01AG0.5913Probe sitephi0659.03CACCT0.519pep1(phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1)umc1492y131)9.04GCT0.2514Probe siteumc1231k41)9.05GA0.2210Probe sitephi1084119.06AGCT0.495Probe sitephi4488809.06AAG0.7610Probe siteumc16759.07CGCC0.677Probe sitephi041y61)10.00AGCC0.417Probe siteumc1432y61)10.02AG0.7512Probe siteumc136710.03CGA0.6410Probe siteumc201610.03ACAT0.517pao1 (polyamine oxidase 1)phi06210.04ACG0.337mgs1 (male-gametophyte specific 1)phi07110.04GGA0.515hsp90 (heat shock protein, 90 kDa)1) These primers were provided by Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (Beijing, China).2) Searched from Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Maize Landraces from the South Maize Region of China1257et al. 2005). The unrooted phylogenetic tree was finally schematized with the software MEGA (molecular evolu-tionary genetics analysis) ver. 3.1 (Kumar et al. 2004). Additionally, a chi-square test was used to reveal the correlation between the geographical origins and SSR-clustered groups through FREQ procedure implemented in SAS ver. 9.0 (2002, SAS Institute, Inc.).In order to reveal the population genetic structure (PGS) of 143 landrace accessions, a Bayesian approach was firstly applied to determine the number of groups (K) that these materials should be assigned by the soft-ware BAPS (Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure) ver.5.1. By using BAPS, a fixed-K clustering proce-dure was applied, and with each separate K, the num-ber of runs was set to 100, and the value of log (mL) was averaged to determine the appropriate K value (Corander et al. 2003; Corander and Tang 2007). Since the number of groups were determined, a model-based clustering analysis was used to assign all of the acces-sions into the corresponding groups by an admixture model and a correlated allele frequency via software Structure ver.2.2 (Pritchard et al. 2000; Falush et al. 2007), and for the given K value determined by BAPS, three independent runs were carried out by setting both the burn-in period and replication number 100000. The threshold probability assigned individuals into groupswas set by 0.8 (Liu et al. 2003). The PGS result carried out by Structure was visualized via Distruct program ver. 1.1 (Rosenberg 2004).RESULTSGenetic diversityA total of 517 alleles were detected by the whole set of54 SSRs covering the entire maize genome through all of the 143 maize landraces, with an average of 9.57 alleles per locus and ranged from 4 (umc1121) to 22 (bnlg1272) (Table 3). Among all the alleles detected, the number of distinct alleles accounted for 132 (25.53%), with an av-erage of 2.44 alleles per locus. The distinct alleles dif-fered significantly among the landraces from different provinces/regions, and the landraces from Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Shanghai possessed more distinct alleles than those from the other provinces/regions, while those from southern Anhui possessed the lowest distinct alleles, only counting for 3.28% of the total (Table 4).Table 4 The genetic diversity within eight provinces/regions and groups revealed by 54 SSRsProvince/Region Sample size Allele no.1)Distinct allele no.Gene diversity (expected heterozygosity)Observed heterozygosity Anhui14 4.28 (4.19) 69 (72.4)0.51 (0.54)0.58 (0.58)Fujian17 4.93 (4.58 80 (79.3)0.56 (0.60)0.63 (0.62)Guangdong22 5.48 (4.67) 88 (80.4)0.57 (0.59)0.59 (0.58)Hainan18 4.65 (4.26) 79 (75.9)0.53 (0.57)0.55 (0.59)Jiangsu13 4.24 700.500.55Jiangxi21 4.96 (4.35) 72 (68.7)0.56 (0.60)0.68 (0.68)Shanghai15 5.07 (4.89) 90 (91.4)0.55 (0.60)0.55 (0.55)Zhejiang23 5.04 (4.24) 85 (74)0.53 (0.550.60 (0.61)Total/average1439.571320.610.60GroupGroup 155 6.63 (6.40) 91 (89.5)0.57 (0.58)0.62 (0.62)Group 2887.94 (6.72)110 (104.3)0.57 (0.57)0.59 (0.58)Total/Average1439.571320.610.60Provinces/Regions within a groupGroup 1Total55 6.69 (6.40) 910.57 (0.58)0.62 (0.62)Guangdong22 5.48 (4.99) 86 (90.1)0.57 (0.60)0.59 (0.58)Hainan18 4.65 (4.38) 79 (73.9)0.53 (0.56)0.55 (0.59)Jiangxi15 4.30 680.540.69Group 2Total887.97 (6.72)110 (104.3)0.57 (0.57)0.59 (0.58)Anhui14 4.28 (3.22) 69 (63.2)0.51 (0.54)0.58 (0.57)Fujian17 4.93 (3.58) 78 (76.6)0.56 (0.60)0.63 (0.61)Jiangsu13 4.24 (3.22) 71 (64.3)0.50 (0.54)0.55 (0.54)Jiangxi6 3.07 520.460.65Shanghai15 5.07 (3.20) 91 (84.1)0.55 (0.60)0.55 (0.54)Zhejiang23 5.04 (3.20) 83 (61.7)0.53 (0.54)0.60 (0.58)1258LIU Zhi-zhai et al.Among the 54 loci used in the study, 16 (or 29.63%) were dinucleotide repeat SSRs, which were defined as type class I-I, the other 38 loci were SSRs with a longer repeat motifs, and two with unknown repeat motifs, all these 38 loci were defined as the class of I-II. In addition, 15 were located within certain functional genes (defined as class II-I) and the rest were defined as class II-II. The results of comparison indicated that the av-erage number of alleles per locus captured by class I-I and II-II were 12.88 and 10.05, respectively, which were significantly higher than that by type I-II and II-I (8.18 and 8.38, respectively). The gene diversity re-vealed by class I-I (0.63) and II-I (0.63) were some-what higher than by class I-II (0.60) and II-II (0.60) (Table 5).Genetic relationships of the core landraces Overall, 143 landraces were clustered into two groups by using neighbor-joining (NJ) method based on InSPAD. All the landraces from provinces of Guangdong and Hainan and 15 of 21 from Jiangxi were clustered together to form group 1, and the other 88 landraces from the other provinces/regions formed group 2 (Fig.-B). The geographical origins of all these 143 landraces with the clustering results were schematized in Fig.-D. Revealed by the chi-square test, the phylogenetic results (SSR-clustered groups) of all the 143 landraces from provinces/regions showed a significant correlation with their geographical origin (χ2=124.89, P<0.0001, Table 2).Revealed by the phylogenetic analysis based on the InSPAD, the minimum distance was observed as 0.1671 between two landraces, i.e., Tianhongyumi (JiangX-03) and Hongganshanyumi (JiangX-04) collected from Jiangxi Province, and the maximum was between two landraces of Huangbaosu (FuJ-16) and Hongyumi (HaiN-14) collected from provinces of Fujian and Hainan, respectively, with the distance of 1.3863 (data not shown). Two landraces (JiangX-01 and JiangX-21) collected from the same location of Dexing County (Table 1) possessing the same names as Shanyumi were separated to different groups, i.e., JiangX-01 to group1, while JiangX-21 to group 2 (Table 1). Besides, JiangX-01 and JiangX-21 showed a rather distant distance of 0.9808 (data not shown). These results indicated that JiangX-01 and JiangX-21 possibly had different ances-tral origins.Population structureA Bayesian method was used to detect the number of groups (K value) of the whole set of landraces from SR with a fixed-K clustering procedure implemented in BAPS software ver. 5.1. The result showed that all of the 143 landraces could also be assigned into two groups (Fig.-A). Then, a model-based clustering method was applied to carry out the PGS of all the landraces via Structure ver. 2.2 by setting K=2. This method as-signed individuals to groups based on the membership probability, thus the threshold probability 0.80 was set for the individuals’ assignment (Liu et al. 2003). Accordingly, all of the 143 landraces were divided into two distinct model-based groups (Fig.-C). The landraces from Guangdong, Hainan, and 15 landraces from Jiangxi formed one group, while the rest 6 landraces from the marginal countries of northern Jiangxi and those from the other provinces formed an-other group (Table 1, Fig.-D). The PGS revealed by the model-based approach via Structure was perfectly consistent with the relationships resulted from the phy-logenetic analysis via PowerMarker (Table 1).DISCUSSIONThe SR includes eight provinces, i.e., southern Jiangsu and Anhui, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Hainan (Fig.-C), with the annual maize growing area of about 1 million ha (less than 5% of theTable 5 The genetic diversity detected with different types of SSR markersType of locus No. of alleles Gene diversity Expected heterozygosity PIC Class I-I12.880.630.650.60 Class I-II8.180.600.580.55 Class II-I8.330.630.630.58。
CH7034B Fulll Datasheet Rev1.21
• Programmable adaptive de-flickering filter
LVDS transmitter. On-chip dithering function is
• Supports 8/12/16/18/24-bit parallel interface inputs available to convert 24-bit color to 18-bit color LCD
ROM (CH9904)
interface. The input video signal can be either interlaced
• Offered in a 88-pin QFN package
or non-interlaced data formats.
201-1000-025 Rev 1.21 05/11/2012
(2.3MHz – 64MHz)
HDTV/VGA outputs and LVDS display. RGB data
• IO Supply Voltages from 1.2V to 3.3V and SPC/SPD format such as 16-bit 5:6:5, 18-bit 6:6:6 or 24-bit 8:8:8
or flipped in horizontal/vertical position
mechanism to switch off the LCD instantly if input data
• Pixel-level color enhancement for brightness, is missing or unstable. The panel on/off sequences and
waters质谱masslynx软件使用说明
Copyright Notice
Micromass UK Limited believes that the information in this publication is accurate. However the information is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a contractual undertaking by Micromass UK Limited. Despite the care that has been given to the preparation of this publication, Micromass UK Limited accepts no responsibility for any loss or any other matter that may arise from any error or inaccuracy that may inadvertently have been included. Copyright 1993-2002 Micromass Ltd. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be copied without the express written permission of Micromass UK Limited.
Page ii
MassLynx NT Users Guide
Contents
MassLynx NT User’s Guide............................................................................
格兰富电子样本
TP, TPD,TPE,TPED GRUNDFOS DATA BOOKLET 管道循环泵50 Hz目录产品数据引言3型号说明4轴封编码4性能曲线，2极5性能曲线，4极6性能曲线，6极7产品范围，2极10产品范围，4极12产品范围，6极14 TP100系列和TP200系列16 TP300系列/ TPE(D)1000系列17 TPE(D)2000系列18格兰富CUE19法兰21泵送液体22液体温度22泵送液体列表22结构电机24 EFF1标准电机的电气数据24 EFF2标准电机的电气数据26配有内置变频器的标准电机的电气数据27性能曲线，技术数据TP(D)，TPE(D)，2极28 TP(D)，TPE(D)，4极46 TP(D)，TPE(D)，6极67附件EMC滤波器71传感器72最小进口压力——净正吸入压头（NPSH）TP(D)，TPE(D)，2极73 TP(D)，TPE(D)，4极74 TP(D)，6极74底板75泵型重量76节能认证说明7723引言TP 泵可用于如下系统：●区域供热系统●供热系统●空调系统●区域制冷系统●供水●工业生产工艺●工业冷却大多数泵均配有标准电机（TP 和TPD 型），同时还可以配置变频电机（TPE 和TPED ）。
所有这些泵都是单级管道离心泵，配有标准电机和机械轴封。
泵是直联式结构，光泵和电机是独立的单元。
此类泵的分体结构比起相近类型的封闭转子结构来，更不容易受到泵送液体中杂质的影响。
这些泵均为顶部拉出式设计，也就是说，可以在不影响泵壳两侧的管路系统的情况下，对泵进行拆卸。
因此，即便是最大型号的泵，一个人也可以借助工具进行维修。
经ATEX 认证的TP 泵应要求，格兰富提供经ATEX 认证的TP 型和TPD 型泵。
所有经ATEX 认证的TP 泵均符合94/9/EC 指标（第二组，第3类）。
高效电机带有1.1kW 至90kW 功率电机的2极和4极TP 泵装配有高效电机（EFF 1）。
Invitrogen Neon
Neon™ Transfection SystemFor transfecting mammalian cells, including primary and stem cells, with high transfection efficiency. Catalog Numbers MPK5000, MPK1025, MPK1096, MPK10025, MPK10096Doc. Part No. 25-1056 Pub. No. MAN0001632 Rev.B.0WARNING! For safety and biohazard guidelines, see the “Safety” appendix in the Neon™ Transfection System User Guide (Pub.No. MAN0001557). Read the Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) and follow the handling instructions. Wear appropriate protective eyewear, clothing, and gloves.Note: This Quick Reference is intended as a benchtop reference for experienced users of the Neon™ Transfection System User Guide (Pub. No. MAN0001557). For detailed instructions, supplemental procedures, and troubleshooting, see the Neon™ Transfection System User Guide (Pub. No. MAN0001557).General guidelines•Prepare high-quality plasmid DNA at a concentration of 1 to 5 μg/μL in deionized water or TE buffer, or high quality RNAi duplex at a concentration of 100–250 μM in nuclease-free water.•Use an appropriate GFP (green fluorescent protein) construct or siRNA control to determine transfection efficiency. See the Neon™Transfection System User Guide (Pub. No. MAN0001557) for details.•Use Resuspension Buffer R for established adherent and suspension cells, as well as primary adherent cells. Use Resuspension Buffer T with high voltage protocols of 1900 V or more. If arcing occurs with Resuspension Buffer R, consider switching toResuspension Buffer T.•Based on your initial results, you may need to optimize the electroporation parameters for your experiment using an 18-well or pre-programmed 24-well optimization protocol.•Discard the Neon™ Tips after 2 usages and Neon™ Tubes after 10 usages as a biological hazard. Change the tube and buffer when switching to a different plasmid DNA/siRNA or cell type.•The volume of plasmid DNA or siRNA added to the tranfection reaction should not exceed 10% of the total transfection volume.•Visit for a library of electroporation protocols for a variety of commonly used cell types.Prepare cellsFor the appropriate volume of medium to use based on cell density, or plating volumes for other plate formats, see “Amount of reagents” on page 2.1.Cultivate the required number of cells (70% to 90%confluent on the day of transfection) by seeding a flaskcontaining fresh growth medium 1 to 2 days prior toeletroporation.2.On the day of the experiment, pre-warm aliquots of culturemedium containing serum, PBS (without Ca2+and Mg2+), and Trypsin/EDTA solution to 37°C.3.Rinse the cells with PBS (without Ca2+and Mg2+), thentrypsinize the cells with the Trypsin/EDTA solution.4.Take an aliquot of trypsinized cell suspension, then countcells to determine the cell density.5.Harvest the cells in growth medium containing serum.6.Transfer cells to a 1.5-mL microcentrifuge tube or a 15-mLconical tube, then centrifuge the cells at 100 - 400 × g for 5 minutes at room temperature.7.Wash cells with PBS (without Ca2+and Mg2+) bycentrifugation at 100 - 400 × g for 5 minutes at roomtemperature.8.Aspirate the PBS, then resupsend the cell pellet inResuspension Buffer R (or Resuspension Buffer T forprograms ≥ 1900 V) at a final density of 1.0 × 107 cells/mL for adherent cells or 2.0 × 107 cells/ml for suspension cells.Gently pipette the cells to obtain a single cell suspension.IMPORTANT! Avoid storing the cell suspension for more than 15 to 30 minutes at room temperature. This will reduce cell viability and transfection efficiency.9.Prepare 24-well plates by filling the wells with 500 μL ofculture medium containing serum and supplements, butwithout antibiotics. Pre-incubate plates in a 37°C, 5% CO2 humidified incubator.Amount of reagentsFor each electroporation sample, the amount of plasmid DNA/siRNA, cell number, and volume of plating medium per well are listed in the following table. Use Resuspension Buffer T for cell types that require high voltage protocols of 1900 V or more. For all other cell types, use Resuspension Buffer R.[1]Use Resuspension Buffer T for primary suspension blood cells.Using the Neon ™Transfection SystemFor details on setting up the Neon ™device and Neon ™PipetteStation, see the Neon ™Transfection System User Guide (Pub. No.MAN0001557).1.Select the appropriate protocol for your cell type. Use one ofthe following options:•Input the electroporation parameters in the Input window if you already have the electroporation parameters for your cell type.•Tap Database , then select the cell-specificelectroporation parameters that you have added for various cell types.•Tap Optimization to perform the optimization protocol for your cell type.2.Fill the Neon ™Tube with 3 mL of Electrolytic Buffer (useBuffer E for the 10 μL Neon ™Tip and Buffer E2 for the 100μL Neon ™Tip).Note: Make sure that the electrode on the side of the tube is completely immersed in buffer. 3.Insert the Neon ™ Tube into the Neon ™Pipette Station untilyou hear a click sound (Figure 1).Figure 1 Schematic of Neon ™ Tube and Neon ™ Pipette Station.4.Transfer the appropriate amount of plasmid DNA/siRNA intoa sterile, 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube.5.Add cells to the tube containing plasmid DNA/siRNA, thengently mix. See “Amount of reagents” on page 2 for cell number, DNA/siRNA amount, and plating volumes to use.6.To insert a Neon ™Tip into the Neon ™Pipette, press thepush-button on the pipette to the second stop to open the clamp.7.Insert the top-head of the Neon ™Pipette into the Neon ™Tipuntil the clamp fully picks up the mount stem of the piston (Figure 2).Figure 2 Schematic of Neon ™ Pipette and Neon ™Tip.8.Gently release the push-button, continuing to apply adownward pressure on the pipette, ensuring that the tip is sealed onto the pipette without any gaps.9.Press the push-button on the Neon ™Pipette to the first stopand immerse the Neon ™Tip into the cell-DNA/siRNA mixture.Slowly release the push-button on the pipette to aspirate thecell-DNA/siRNA mixture into the Neon ™Tip (Figure 3).Figure 3 Schematic of Neon ™Tip.Note: Avoid air bubbles during pipetting as air bubbles cause arcing during electroporation leading to lowered or failed transfection. If you notice air bubbles in the tip,discard the sample, then carefully aspirate the fresh sample into the tip again without any air bubbles.10.Insert the Neon ™Pipette with the sample vertically into theNeon ™ Tube placed in the Neon ™Pipette Station until youhear a click sound (Figure 4).Figure 4 Schematic of Neon ™ Tube and Neon ™ Pipette Station.Note: Ensure that the metal head of the Neon ™pipette projection is inserted into the groove of the pipette station.11.Ensure that you have selected the appropriateelectroporation protocol, then press Start on the touchscreen.12.The Neon ™device automatically checks for the properinsertion of the Neon ™ Tube and Neon ™Pipette before delivering the electric pulse.13.After delivering the electric pulse, Complete is displayed onthe touchscreen to indicate that electroporation is complete.14.Slowly remove the Neon ™Pipette from the Neon ™PipetteStation. Immediately transfer the samples from the Neon ™Tip by pressing the push-button on the pipette to the first stop into the prepared culture plate containing prewarmed medium with serum and supplements but without antibiotics.Note: Discard the Neon ™ Tip into an appropriate biologicalhazardous waste container. To discard the Neon ™Tip, press the push-button to the second stop into an appropriate biological hazardous waste container.15.Repeat step 6 to step 14 for the remaining samples.Note: Be sure to change the Neon ™Tips after using it twiceand Neon ™ Tubes after 10 usages. Use a new Neon ™Tip andNeon ™Tube for each new plasmid DNA sample.16.Gently rock the plate to ensure even distribution of the cells.Incubate the plate at 37℃ in a humidified CO 2 incubator.17.If you are not using the Neon ™device, turn the power switchon the rear to OFF .18.Assay samples to determine the transfection efficiency(e.g., fluorescence microscopy or functional assay) or geneknockdown (for siRNA).19.Based on your initial results, you may need to optimizedthe electroporation parameters for your cell type. For more information, see the Neon™ Transfection System User Guide (Pub. No. MAN0001557).Life Technologies Corporation | 5781 Van Allen Way | Carlsbad, California 92008 USAFor descriptions of symbols on product labels or product documents, go to /symbols-definition.The information in this guide is subject to change without notice.DISCLAIMER: TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC INC. AND/OR ITS AFFILIATE(S) WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, MULTIPLE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING FROM THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING YOUR USE OF IT.Important Licensing Information: These products may be covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses. By use of these products, you accept the terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses.©2021 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific and its subsidiaries unless otherwise specified./support | /askaquestion。
钢结构第四版课后答案
钢结构第四版课后答案【篇一：钢结构基本原理课后习题答案完全版】，请写出弹性阶段和非弹性阶段的?关系式。
00图2-34 图（a）理想弹性－塑性（b）理想弹性强化解：（1）弹性阶段：??e??tan非弹性阶段：??fy（应力不随应变的增大而变化）（2）弹性阶段：??e??tan非弹性阶段：??fy?e(??fye)?fy?tan?(??fytan?)2.2如图2-35所示的钢材在单向拉伸状态下的曲线，试验时分别在a、b、c卸载至零，则在三种情况下，卸载前应变?、卸载后残余应变?c及可恢复的弹性应变?y各是多少？fy?235n/mm2 ?c?270n/mm2 ?f?0.025e?2.06?105n/mm2e?1000n/mm2图2-35 理想化的图解：（1）a点：卸载前应变：??fye?2352.06?105?0.00114卸载后残余应变：?c?0 可恢复弹性应变：?yc?0.00114（2）b点：卸载前应变：f?0.025卸载后残余应变：?cfye?0.02386 可恢复弹性应变：?yc?0.00114（3）c点：卸载前应变：f??c?fye?0.025?0.035?0.06 卸载后残余应变：?cce?0.05869 可恢复弹性应变：?yc?0.001312.3试述钢材在单轴反复应力作用下，钢材的曲线、钢材疲劳强度与反复应力大小和作用时间之间的关系。
答：钢材曲线与反复应力大小和作用时间关系：当构件反复力??fy时，即材料处于弹性阶段时，反复应力作用下钢材材性无变化，不存在残余变形，钢材曲线基本无变化；当?fy时，即材料处于弹塑性阶段，反复应力会引起残余变形，但若加载－卸载连续进行，钢材曲线也基本无变化；若加载－卸载具有一定时间间隔，会使钢材屈服点、极限强度提高，而塑性韧性降低（时效现象）。
钢材曲线会相对更高而更短。
另外，载一定作用力下，作用时间越快，钢材强度会提高、而变形能力减弱，钢材曲线也会更高而更短。
海信TP806 编程手册
TP806编程手册目录1．概述 (1)1.1关键字说明 (1)1.2指令格式说明 (1)2.指令集 (2)HT (2)LF (2)FF (2)CR (2)CAN (2)DLE EOT n (2)DLE ENQ n (5)DLE DC4fn m t(fn=1) (5)DLE DC4fn a b(fn=2) (6)DLE DC4fn d1...d7(fn=8). (6)ESC FF (7)ESC SP n (7)ESC!n (7)ESC$nL nH (8)ESC%n (8)ESC&y c1c2[x1d1...d(y.x1)]...[xk d1...d(y.xk)]. (8)ESC*m nL nH d1...dk. (9)ESC-n (9)ESC2 (9)ESC3n (10)ESC=n (10)ESC?n (10)ESC@ (10)ESC D n1...nk NUL. (11)ESC E n (11)ESC G n (11)ESC J n (11)ESC L (12)ESC M n (12)ESC R n (12)ESC S (13)ESC T n (13)ESC V n (13)ESC W xL xH yL yH dxL dxH dyL dyH (13)ESC\nL nH (14)ESC a n (14)ESC c3n (14)ESC c4n (15)ESC c5n (15)ESC d n (16)ESC t n (16)ESC{n (17)FS g1m a1a2a3a4nL n H d1...dk.. (17)FS g2m a1a2a3a4nL n H (18)GS!n (18)GS$nL nH (19)GS(A pL pH n m (19)GS(D pL p H m[a1b1]...[ak bk] (20)GS(E pL pH fn[parameters]（只支持1.02.18及以上的版本） (20)<功能1>GS(E pL pH fn d1d2(fn=1) (21)<功能2>GS(E pL pH fn d1d2d3(fn=2) (21)<功能5>GS(E pL pH fn（a1n1L n1H）...（ak nkL nkH）(fn=5) (21)<功能6>GS(E pL pH fn a(fn=6) (23)<功能11>GS(E pL pH fn a d1...dk(fn=11).. (23)<功能12>GS(E pL pH fn a(fn=12) (24)GS(L pL pH m fn[parameters] (24)GS8L p1p2p3p4m fn[parameters] (24)<功能48>GS(L pL pH m fn(fn=0，48) (25)<功能50>GS(L pL pH m fn(fn=2，50) (25)<功能51>GS(L pL pH m fn(fn=3，51) (25)<功能64>GS(L pL pH m fn d1d2(fn=64) (26)<功能65>GS(L pL pH m fn d1d2d3(fn=65) (26)<功能66>GS(L pL pH m fn kc1kc2(fn=66) (27)<功能67>GS(L pL pH m fn a kc1kc2b xL xH yL yH[c d1...dk]1...[c d1...dk]b(fn=67). (27)<功能69>GS(L pL pH m fn kc1kc2x y(fn=69) (28)<功能112>GS(L pL pH m fn a bx by c xL xH yL yH d1...dk(fn=112). (28)GS(k pL pH cn fn[parameters] (29)<功能067>GS(k pL pH cn fn n(cn=48,fn=67) (30)<功能068>GS(k pL pH cn fn n(cn=48,fn=68) (30)<功能069>GS(k pL pH cn fn m n(cn=48,fn=69) (30)<功能080>GS(k pL pH cn fn m d1...dk(cn=48,fn=80) (31)<功能081>GS(k pL pH cn fn m(cn=48,fn=81) (31)<功能082>GS(k pL pH cn fn m(cn=48,fn=82) (31)<功能167>GS(k pL pH cn fn n(cn=49,fn=67) (32)<功能169>GS(k pL pH cn fn n(cn=49,fn=69) (32)<功能180>GS(k pL pH cn fn m d1...dk(cn=49,fn=80) (32)<功能181>GS(k pL pH cn fn m(cn=49,fn=81) (33)<功能182>GS(k pL pH cn fn m(cn=49,fn=82) (33)GS*x y d1...dk. (33)GS/m (34)GS: (34)GS B n (34)GS H n (34)GS I n (35)GS L nL nH (35)GS V m-GS V m n (36)GS W nL nH (36)GS\nL nH (37)GS^r t m (37)GS a n (37)GS f n (39)GS g0m nL nH (39)GS g2m nL nH (39)GS(K pL pH cn fn[parameters] (40)GS h n (41)<A>GS k m d1...dk NUL (41)<B>GS k m n d1...dn. (41)GS r n (42)GS w n (43)FS p n m (43)FS q n[xL xH yL yH d1...dk]1...[xL xH yL yH d1...dk]n.. (43)GS v0m xL xH yL yH d1....dk. (44)ESC v (45)ESC(A p L p H fn n c t1t2<功能97> (45)Appendix A (47)1．概述1.1关键字说明实时指令：不经过指令排队而立即响应的打印机指令。
3GPP协议-36521-1-e40_s00-s05
3GPP TS 36.521-1 V14.4.0 (2017-09)Technical Specification3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);User Equipment (UE) conformance specification;Radio transmission and reception;Part 1: Conformance Testing(Release 14)The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.KeywordsUMTS LTE3GPPPostal address3GPP support office address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16InternetCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© 2017, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC).All rights reserved.UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members a nd of the 3GPP Organizational Partners GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM AssociationContentsForeword (92)Introduction (92)1Scope (93)2References (94)3Definitions, symbols and abbreviations (96)3.1Definitions (96)3.2Symbols (98)3.3Abbreviations (100)4General (103)4.1Categorization of test requirements in CA, UL-MIMO, ProSe, Dual Connectivity, UE category 0, UEcategory M1, UE category 1bis, UE category NB1 and V2X Communication (104)4.2RF requirements in later releases (105)5Frequency bands and channel arrangement (106)5.1General (106)5.2Operating bands (106)5.2A Operating bands for CA (108)5.2B Operating bands for UL-MIMO (116)5.2C Operating bands for Dual Connectivity (116)5.2D Operating bands for ProSe (117)5.2E Operating bands for UE category 0 and UE category M1 (118)5.2F Operating bands for UE category NB1 (118)5.2G Operating bands for V2X Communication (118)5.3TX–RX frequency separation (119)5.3A TX–RX frequency separation for CA (120)5.4Channel arrangement (120)5.4.1Channel spacing (120)5.4.1A Channel spacing for CA (121)5.4.1F Channel spacing for UE category NB1 (121)5.4.2Channel bandwidth (121)5.4.2.1Channel bandwidths per operating band (122)5.4.2A Channel bandwidth for CA (124)5.4.2A.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for CA (126)5.4.2B Channel bandwidth for UL-MIMO (171)5.4.2B.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for UL- MIMO (171)5.4.2C Channel bandwidth for Dual Connectivity (171)5.4.2D Channel bandwidth for ProSe (171)5.4.2D.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for ProSe (171)5.4.2F Channel bandwidth for category NB1 (172)5.4.2G Channel bandwidth for V2X Communication (173)5.4.2G.1Channel bandwidths per operating band for V2X Communication (173)5.4.3Channel raster (174)5.4.3A Channel raster for CA (175)5.4.3F Channel raster for UE category NB1 (175)5.4.4Carrier frequency and EARFCN (175)5.4.4F Carrier frequency and EARFCN for category NB1 (177)6Transmitter Characteristics (179)6.1General (179)6.2Transmit power (180)6.2.1Void (180)6.2.2UE Maximum Output Power (180)6.2.2.1Test purpose (180)6.2.2.4Test description (182)6.2.2.4.1Initial condition (182)6.2.2.4.2Test procedure (183)6.2.2.4.3Message contents (183)6.2.2.5Test requirements (183)6.2.2_1Maximum Output Power for HPUE (185)6.2.2_1.1Test purpose (185)6.2.2_1.2Test applicability (185)6.2.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (185)6.2.2_1.4Test description (185)6.2.2_1.5Test requirements (186)6.2.2A UE Maximum Output Power for CA (187)6.2.2A.0Minimum conformance requirements (187)6.2.2A.1UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (189)6.2.2A.1.1Test purpose (189)6.2.2A.1.2Test applicability (189)6.2.2A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (189)6.2.2A.1.4Test description (189)6.2.2A.1.5Test Requirements (191)6.2.2A.2UE Maximum Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (192)6.2.2A.2.1Test purpose (192)6.2.2A.2.2Test applicability (192)6.2.2A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (192)6.2.2A.2.4Test description (192)6.2.2A.2.5Test Requirements (194)6.2.2A.3UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (196)6.2.2A.4.1UE Maximum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous 3DL CA and 3UL CA) (196)6.2.2A.4.1.1Test purpose (196)6.2.2A.4.1.2Test applicability (196)6.2.2A.4.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (196)6.2.2A.4.1.4Test description (196)6.2.2A.4.1.5Test Requirements (198)6.2.2A.4.2UE Maximum Output Power for CA (inter-band 3DL CA and 3UL CA) (198)6.2.2A.4.2.1Test purpose (199)6.2.2A.4.2.2Test applicability (199)6.2.2A.4.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (199)6.2.2A.4.2.4Test description (199)6.2.2A.4.2.5Test Requirements (201)6.2.2B UE Maximum Output Power for UL-MIMO (201)6.2.2B.1Test purpose (201)6.2.2B.2Test applicability (202)6.2.2B.3Minimum conformance requirements (202)6.2.2B.4Test description (204)6.2.2B.4.1Initial condition (204)6.2.2B.4.2Test procedure (205)6.2.2B.4.3Message contents (205)6.2.2B.5Test requirements (205)6.2.2B_1HPUE Maximum Output Power for UL-MIMO (207)6.2.2B_1.1Test purpose (207)6.2.2B_1.2Test applicability (207)6.2.2B_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (207)6.2.2B_1.4Test description (207)6.2.2B_1.5Test requirements (208)6.2.2C 2096.2.2D UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe (209)6.2.2D.0Minimum conformance requirements (209)6.2.2D.1UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe Discovery (209)6.2.2D.1.1Test purpose (209)6.2.2D.1.2Test applicability (209)6.2.2D.1.3Minimum Conformance requirements (209)6.2.2D.2UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe Direct Communication (211)6.2.2D.2.1Test purpose (211)6.2.2D.2.2Test applicability (211)6.2.2D.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (211)6.2.2D.2.4Test description (211)6.2.2E UE Maximum Output Power for UE category 0 (212)6.2.2E.1Test purpose (212)6.2.2E.2Test applicability (212)6.2.2E.3Minimum conformance requirements (212)6.2.2E.4Test description (212)6.2.2E.4.3Message contents (213)6.2.2E.5Test requirements (213)6.2.2EA UE Maximum Output Power for UE category M1 (215)6.2.2EA.1Test purpose (215)6.2.2EA.2Test applicability (215)6.2.2EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (215)6.2.2EA.4Test description (216)6.2.2EA.4.3Message contents (217)6.2.2EA.5Test requirements (217)6.2.2F UE Maximum Output Power for category NB1 (218)6.2.2F.1Test purpose (218)6.2.2F.2Test applicability (218)6.2.2F.3Minimum conformance requirements (218)6.2.2F.4Test description (219)6.2.2F.4.1Initial condition (219)6.2.2F.4.2Test procedure (220)6.2.2F.4.3Message contents (220)6.2.2F.5Test requirements (220)6.2.2G UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication (221)6.2.2G.1UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication / Non-concurrent with E-UTRA uplinktransmission (221)6.2.2G.1.1Test purpose (221)6.2.2G.1.2Test applicability (221)6.2.2G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (221)6.2.2G.1.4Test description (222)6.2.2G.1.4.1Initial conditions (222)6.2.2G.1.4.2Test procedure (222)6.2.2G.1.4.3Message contents (222)6.2.2G.1.5Test requirements (223)6.2.2G.2UE Maximum Output Power for V2X Communication / Simultaneous E-UTRA V2X sidelinkand E-UTRA uplink transmission (223)6.2.2G.2.1Test purpose (223)6.2.2G.2.2Test applicability (223)6.2.2G.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (223)6.2.2G.2.4Test description (224)6.2.2G.2.4.1Initial conditions (224)6.2.2G.2.4.2Test procedure (225)6.2.2G.2.4.3Message contents (226)6.2.2G.2.5Test requirements (226)6.2.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) (226)6.2.3.1Test purpose (226)6.2.3.2Test applicability (226)6.2.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (227)6.2.3.4Test description (227)6.2.3.4.1Initial condition (227)6.2.3.4.2Test procedure (228)6.2.3.4.3Message contents (228)6.2.3.5Test requirements (229)6.2.3_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for HPUE (231)6.2.3_1.1Test purpose (231)6.2.3_1.4Test description (232)6.2.3_1.5Test requirements (232)6.2.3_2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for Multi-Cluster PUSCH (232)6.2.3_2.1Test purpose (232)6.2.3_2.2Test applicability (232)6.2.3_2.3Minimum conformance requirements (233)6.2.3_2.4Test description (233)6.2.3_2.4.1Initial condition (233)6.2.3_2.4.2Test procedure (234)6.2.3_2.4.3Message contents (234)6.2.3_2.5Test requirements (234)6.2.3_3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UL 64QAM (235)6.2.3_3.1Test purpose (236)6.2.3_3.2Test applicability (236)6.2.3_3.3Minimum conformance requirements (236)6.2.3_3.4Test description (236)6.2.3_3.4.1Initial condition (236)6.2.3_3.4.2Test procedure (237)6.2.3_3.4.3Message contents (237)6.2.3_3.5Test requirements (238)6.2.3_4Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for Multi-Cluster PUSCH with UL 64QAM (240)6.2.3_4.1Test purpose (240)6.2.3_4.2Test applicability (240)6.2.3_4.3Minimum conformance requirements (240)6.2.3_4.4Test description (241)6.2.3_4.4.1Initial condition (241)6.2.3_4.4.2Test procedure (242)6.2.3_4.4.3Message contents (242)6.2.3_4.5Test requirements (242)6.2.3A Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (243)6.2.3A.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (243)6.2.3A.1.1Test purpose (243)6.2.3A.1.2Test applicability (243)6.2.3A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (244)6.2.3A.1.4Test description (245)6.2.3A.1.5Test Requirements (248)6.2.3A.1_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) for UL64QAM (250)6.2.3A.1_1.1Test purpose (251)6.2.3A.1_1.2Test applicability (251)6.2.3A.1_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (251)6.2.3A.1_1.4Test description (252)6.2.3A.1_1.5Test requirement (254)6.2.3A.2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (255)6.2.3A.2.1Test purpose (255)6.2.3A.2.2Test applicability (255)6.2.3A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (255)6.2.3A.2.4Test description (256)6.2.3A.2.5Test Requirements (260)6.2.3A.2_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) for UL 64QAM (263)6.2.3A.2_1.1Test purpose (263)6.2.3A.2_1.2Test applicability (263)6.2.3A.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (263)6.2.3A.2_1.4Test description (264)6.2.3A.2_1.5Test Requirements (266)6.2.3A.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (267)6.2.3A.3.1Test purpose (267)6.2.3A.3.2Test applicability (267)6.2.3A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (268)6.2.3A.3.4Test description (268)6.2.3A.3_1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) forUL 64QAM (270)6.2.3A.3_1.1Test purpose (270)6.2.3A.3_1.2Test applicability (270)6.2.3A.3_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (270)6.2.3A.3_1.4Test description (271)6.2.3A.3_1.5Test Requirements (272)6.2.3B Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UL-MIMO (272)6.2.3B.1Test purpose (272)6.2.3B.2Test applicability (272)6.2.3B.3Minimum conformance requirements (273)6.2.3B.4Test description (273)6.2.3B.4.1Initial condition (273)6.2.3B.4.2Test procedure (274)6.2.3B.4.3Message contents (275)6.2.3B.5Test requirements (275)6.2.3D UE Maximum Output Power for ProSe (277)6.2.3D.0Minimum conformance requirements (277)6.2.3D.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for ProSe Discovery (278)6.2.3D.1.1Test purpose (278)6.2.3D.1.2Test applicability (278)6.2.3D.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (278)6.2.3D.1.4Test description (278)6.2.3D.1.4.1Initial condition (278)6.2.3D.1.4.2Test procedure (279)6.2.3D.1.4.3Message contents (279)6.2.3D.1.5Test requirements (280)6.2.3D.2Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) ProSe Direct Communication (281)6.2.3D.2.1Test purpose (282)6.2.3D.2.2Test applicability (282)6.2.3D.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (282)6.2.3D.2.4Test description (282)6.2.3D.2.4.1Initial conditions (282)6.2.3D.2.4.2Test procedure (282)6.2.3D.2.4.3Message contents (282)6.2.3D.2.5Test requirements (282)6.2.3E Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UE category 0 (282)6.2.3E.1Test purpose (282)6.2.3E.2Test applicability (282)6.2.3E.3Minimum conformance requirements (282)6.2.3E.4Test description (282)6.2.3E.4.1Initial condition (282)6.2.3E.4.2Test procedure (283)6.2.3E.4.3Message contents (283)6.2.3E.5Test requirements (283)6.2.3EA Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for UE category M1 (284)6.2.3EA.1Test purpose (284)6.2.3EA.2Test applicability (284)6.2.3EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (284)6.2.3EA.4Test description (285)6.2.3EA.4.1Initial condition (285)6.2.3EA.4.2Test procedure (287)6.2.3EA.4.3Message contents (287)6.2.3EA.5Test requirements (287)6.2.3F Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for category NB1 (290)6.2.3F.1Test purpose (290)6.2.3F.2Test applicability (290)6.2.3F.3Minimum conformance requirements (290)6.2.3F.4Test description (291)6.2.3F.4.1Initial condition (291)6.2.3F.5Test requirements (292)6.2.3G Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X communication (292)6.2.3G.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 (293)6.2.3G.1.1Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 / Contiguousallocation of PSCCH and PSSCH (293)6.2.3G.1.1.1Test purpose (293)6.2.3G.1.1.2Test applicability (293)6.2.3G.1.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4Test description (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4.1Initial condition (293)6.2.3G.1.1.4.2Test procedure (294)6.2.3G.1.1.4.3Message contents (294)6.2.3G.1.1.5Test Requirements (294)6.2.3G.1.2 2956.2.3G.1.3Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) for V2X Communication / Power class 3 / SimultaneousE-UTRA V2X sidelink and E-UTRA uplink transmission (295)6.2.3G.1.3.1Test purpose (295)6.2.3G.1.3.2Test applicability (295)6.2.3G.1.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4Test description (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4.1Initial conditions (295)6.2.3G.1.3.4.2Test procedure (296)6.2.3G.1.3.4.3Message contents (297)6.2.3G.1.3.5Test requirements (297)6.2.4Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) (297)6.2.4.1Test purpose (297)6.2.4.2Test applicability (297)6.2.4.3Minimum conformance requirements (298)6.2.4.4Test description (310)6.2.4.4.1Initial condition (310)6.2.4.4.2Test procedure (339)6.2.4.4.3Message contents (339)6.2.4.5Test requirements (344)6.2.4_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for HPUE (373)6.2.4_1.2Test applicability (374)6.2.4_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (374)6.2.4_1.4Test description (375)6.2.4_1.5Test requirements (376)6.2.4_2Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UL 64QAM (378)6.2.4_2.1Test purpose (378)6.2.4_2.2Test applicability (378)6.2.4_2.3Minimum conformance requirements (378)6.2.4_2.4Test description (378)6.2.4_2.4.1Initial condition (378)6.2.4_2.4.2Test procedure (392)6.2.4_2.4.3Message contents (392)6.2.4_2.5Test requirements (392)6.2.4_3Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) with PUSCH frequency hopping (404)6.2.4_3.1Test purpose (404)6.2.4_3.2Test applicability (404)6.2.4_3.3Minimum conformance requirements (405)6.2.4_3.4Test description (405)6.2.4_3.5Test requirements (406)6.2.4A Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (407)6.2.4A.1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and ULCA) (407)6.2.4A.1.1Test purpose (407)6.2.4A.1.2Test applicability (407)6.2.4A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (407)6.2.4A.1.3.5A-MPR for CA_NS_05 for CA_38C (411)6.2.4A.1.4Test description (413)6.2.4A.1.5Test requirements (419)6.2.4A.1_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and ULCA) for UL 64QAM (425)6.2.4A.1_1.1Test purpose (425)6.2.4A.1_1.2Test applicability (425)6.2.4A.1_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (426)6.2.4A.1_1.3.5A-MPR for CA_NS_05 for CA_38C (429)6.2.4A.1_1.3.6A-MPR for CA_NS_06 for CA_7C (430)6.2.4A.1_1.3.7A-MPR for CA_NS_07 for CA_39C (431)6.2.4A.1_1.3.8A-MPR for CA_NS_08 for CA_42C (432)6.2.4A.1_1.4Test description (432)6.2.4A.1_1.5Test requirements (437)6.2.4A.2Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (443)6.2.4A.2.1Test purpose (443)6.2.4A.2.2Test applicability (444)6.2.4A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (444)6.2.4A.2.4Test description (444)6.2.4A.2.4.1Initial conditions (444)6.2.4A.2.4.2Test procedure (457)6.2.4A.2.4.3Message contents (458)6.2.4A.2.5Test requirements (461)6.2.4A.3Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CAand UL CA) (466)6.2.4A.3.1Minimum conformance requirements (466)6.2.4A.2_1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) forUL 64QAM (466)6.2.4A.2_1.1Test purpose (466)6.2.4A.2_1.2Test applicability (466)6.2.4A.2_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4Test description (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4.1Initial conditions (467)6.2.4A.2_1.4.2Test procedure (479)6.2.4A.2_1.4.3Message contents (480)6.2.4A.2_1.5Test requirements (480)6.2.4B Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UL-MIMO (484)6.2.4B.1Test purpose (484)6.2.4B.2Test applicability (485)6.2.4B.3Minimum conformance requirements (485)6.2.4B.4Test description (485)6.2.4B.4.1Initial condition (485)6.2.4B.4.2Test procedure (508)6.2.4B.4.3Message contents (508)6.2.4B.5Test requirements (508)6.2.4E Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UE category 0 (530)6.2.4E.1Test purpose (530)6.2.4E.2Test applicability (531)6.2.4E.3Minimum conformance requirements (531)6.2.4E.4Test description (531)6.2.4E.4.1Initial condition (531)6.2.4E.4.2Test procedure (535)6.2.4E.4.3Message contents (535)6.2.4E.5Test requirements (536)6.2.4EA Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for UE category M1 (542)6.2.4EA.1Test purpose (542)6.2.4EA.2Test applicability (542)6.2.4EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (543)6.2.4EA.4Test description (544)6.2.4EA.4.1Initial condition (544)6.2.4EA.4.2Test procedure (552)6.2.4G Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for V2X Communication (562)6.2.4G.1Additional Maximum Power Reduction (A-MPR) for V2X Communication / Non-concurrentwith E-UTRA uplink transmissions (562)6.2.4G.1.1Test purpose (562)6.2.4G.1.2Test applicability (562)6.2.4G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (563)6.2.4G.1.4Test description (563)6.2.4G.1.4.1Initial condition (563)6.2.4G.1.4.2Test procedure (564)6.2.4G.1.4.3Message contents (564)6.2.4G.1.5Test Requirements (564)6.2.5Configured UE transmitted Output Power (564)6.2.5.1Test purpose (564)6.2.5.2Test applicability (564)6.2.5.3Minimum conformance requirements (564)6.2.5.4Test description (594)6.2.5.4.1Initial conditions (594)6.2.5.4.2Test procedure (595)6.2.5.4.3Message contents (595)6.2.5.5Test requirement (596)6.2.5_1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for HPUE (596)6.2.5_1.1Test purpose (596)6.2.5_1.2Test applicability (597)6.2.5_1.3Minimum conformance requirements (597)6.2.5_1.4Test description (597)6.2.5_1.4.1Initial conditions (597)6.2.5_1.4.2Test procedure (597)6.2.5_1.4.3Message contents (597)6.2.5_1.5Test requirement (598)6.2.5A Configured transmitted power for CA (599)6.2.5A.1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (599)6.2.5A.1.1Test purpose (599)6.2.5A.1.2Test applicability (599)6.2.5A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (599)6.2.5A.1.4Test description (601)6.2.5A.1.5Test requirement (602)6.2.5A.2Void (603)6.2.5A.3Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (603)6.2.5A.3.1Test purpose (603)6.2.5A.3.2Test applicability (603)6.2.5A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (603)6.2.5A.3.4Test description (605)6.2.5A.3.5Test requirement (606)6.2.5A.4Configured UE transmitted Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and ULCA) (607)6.2.5A.4.1Test purpose (607)6.2.5A.4.2Test applicability (607)6.2.5A.4.3Minimum conformance requirements (607)6.2.5A.4.4Test description (608)6.2.5A.4.5Test requirement (610)6.2.5B Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UL-MIMO (611)6.2.5B.1Test purpose (611)6.2.5B.2Test applicability (611)6.2.5B.3Minimum conformance requirements (611)6.2.5B.4Test description (612)6.2.5B.4.1Initial conditions (612)6.2.5B.4.2Test procedure (612)6.2.5B.4.3Message contents (613)6.2.5B.5Test requirement (613)6.2.5E Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UE category 0 (614)6.2.5E.4.1Initial conditions (614)6.2.5E.4.2Test procedure (614)6.2.5E.4.3Message contents (614)6.2.5E.5Test requirement (615)6.2.5EA Configured UE transmitted Power for UE category M1 (615)6.2.5EA.1Test purpose (615)6.2.5EA.2Test applicability (615)6.2.5EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (615)6.2.5EA.4Test description (616)6.2.5EA.4.1Initial condition (616)6.2.5EA.4.2Test procedure (617)6.2.5EA.4.3Message contents (617)6.2.5EA.5Test requirements (617)6.2.5F Configured UE transmitted Output Power for UE category NB1 (618)6.2.5F.1Test purpose (618)6.2.5F.2Test applicability (618)6.2.5F.3Minimum conformance requirements (618)6.2.5F.4Test description (619)6.2.5F.4.1Initial conditions (619)6.2.5F.4.2Test procedure (620)6.2.5F.4.3Message contents (620)6.2.5F.5Test requirement (620)6.2.5G Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication (620)6.2.5G.1Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication / Non-concurrent with E-UTRA uplink transmission (621)6.2.5G.1.1Test purpose (621)6.2.5G.1.2Test applicability (621)6.2.5G.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (621)6.2.5G.1.4Test description (622)6.2.5G.1.4.1Initial conditions (622)6.2.5G.1.4.2Test procedure (622)6.2.5G.1.4.3Message contents (622)6.2.5G.1.5Test requirements (622)6.2.5G.2Configured UE transmitted Output Power for V2X Communication / Simultaneous E-UTRAV2X sidelink and E-UTRA uplink transmission (622)6.2.5G.2.1Test purpose (623)6.2.5G.2.2Test applicability (623)6.2.5G.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (623)6.2.5G.2.4Test description (625)6.2.5G.2.4.1Initial conditions (625)6.2.5G.2.4.2Test procedure (626)6.2.5G.2.4.3Message contents (626)6.2.5G.2.5Test requirements (626)6.3Output Power Dynamics (627)6.3.1Void (627)6.3.2Minimum Output Power (627)6.3.2.1Test purpose (627)6.3.2.2Test applicability (627)6.3.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (627)6.3.2.4Test description (627)6.3.2.4.1Initial conditions (627)6.3.2.4.2Test procedure (628)6.3.2.4.3Message contents (628)6.3.2.5Test requirement (628)6.3.2A Minimum Output Power for CA (629)6.3.2A.0Minimum conformance requirements (629)6.3.2A.1Minimum Output Power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (629)6.3.2A.1.1Test purpose (629)6.3.2A.1.4.2Test procedure (631)6.3.2A.1.4.3Message contents (631)6.3.2A.1.5Test requirements (631)6.3.2A.2Minimum Output Power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (631)6.3.2A.2.1Test purpose (631)6.3.2A.2.2Test applicability (632)6.3.2A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (632)6.3.2A.2.4Test description (632)6.3.2A.2.4.1Initial conditions (632)6.3.2A.2.4.2Test procedure (633)6.3.2A.2.4.3Message contents (633)6.3.2A.2.5Test requirements (633)6.3.2A.3Minimum Output Power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (634)6.3.2A.3.1Test purpose (634)6.3.2A.3.2Test applicability (634)6.3.2A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (634)6.3.2A.3.4Test description (634)6.3.2A.3.4.1Initial conditions (634)6.3.2A.3.4.2Test procedure (635)6.3.2A.3.4.3Message contents (635)6.3.2A.3.5Test requirements (635)6.3.2B Minimum Output Power for UL-MIMO (636)6.3.2B.1Test purpose (636)6.3.2B.2Test applicability (636)6.3.2B.3Minimum conformance requirements (636)6.3.2B.4Test description (636)6.3.2B.4.1Initial conditions (636)6.3.2B.4.2Test procedure (637)6.3.2B.4.3Message contents (637)6.3.2B.5Test requirement (637)6.3.2E Minimum Output Power for UE category 0 (638)6.3.2E.1Test purpose (638)6.3.2E.2Test applicability (638)6.3.2E.3Minimum conformance requirements (638)6.3.2E.4Test description (638)6.3.2E.4.1Initial conditions (638)6.3.2E.4.2Test procedure (639)6.3.2E.4.3Message contents (639)6.3.2E.5Test requirement (639)6.3.2EA Minimum Output Power for UE category M1 (639)6.3.2EA.1Test purpose (639)6.3.2EA.2Test applicability (640)6.3.2EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (640)6.3.2EA.4Test description (640)6.3.2EA.4.1Initial condition (640)6.3.2EA.4.2Test procedure (641)6.3.2EA.4.3Message contents (641)6.3.2EA.5Test requirements (641)6.3.2F Minimum Output Power for category NB1 (641)6.3.2F.1Test purpose (641)6.3.2F.2Test applicability (641)6.3.2F.3Minimum conformance requirements (642)6.3.2F.4Test description (642)6.3.2F.4.1Initial conditions (642)6.3.2F.4.2Test procedure (643)6.3.2F.4.3Message contents (643)6.3.2F.5Test requirements (643)6.3.3Transmit OFF power (643)6.3.3.5Test requirement (644)6.3.3A UE Transmit OFF power for CA (644)6.3.3A.0Minimum conformance requirements (644)6.3.3A.1UE Transmit OFF power for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (645)6.3.3A.1.1Test purpose (645)6.3.3A.1.2Test applicability (645)6.3.3A.1.3Minimum conformance requirements (645)6.3.3A.1.4Test description (645)6.3.3A.1.5Test Requirements (645)6.3.3A.2UE Transmit OFF power for CA (inter-band DL CA and UL CA) (646)6.3.3A.2.1Test purpose (646)6.3.3A.2.2Test applicability (646)6.3.3A.2.3Minimum conformance requirements (646)6.3.3A.2.4Test description (646)6.3.3A.2.5Test Requirements (646)6.3.3A.3UE Transmit OFF power for CA (intra-band non-contiguous DL CA and UL CA) (646)6.3.3A.3.1Test purpose (646)6.3.3A.3.2Test applicability (646)6.3.3A.3.3Minimum conformance requirements (647)6.3.3A.3.4Test description (647)6.3.3A.3.5Test Requirements (647)6.3.3B UE Transmit OFF power for UL-MIMO (647)6.3.3B.1Test purpose (647)6.3.3B.2Test applicability (647)6.3.3B.3Minimum conformance requirement (647)6.3.3B.4Test description (647)6.3.3B.5Test requirement (648)6.3.3C 6486.3.3D UE Transmit OFF power for ProSe (648)6.3.3D.0Minimum conformance requirements (648)6.3.3D.1UE Transmit OFF power for ProSe Direct Discovery (648)6.3.3D.1.1Test purpose (649)6.3.3D.1.2Test applicability (649)6.3.3D.1.3Minimum Conformance requirements (649)6.3.3D.1.4Test description (649)6.3.3D.1.5Test requirements (650)6.3.3E UE Transmit OFF power for UE category 0 (650)6.3.3E.1Test purpose (650)6.3.3E.2Test applicability (650)6.3.3E.3Minimum conformance requirement (650)6.3.3E.4Test description (651)6.3.3E.5Test requirement (651)6.3.3EA UE Transmit OFF power for UE category M1 (651)6.3.3EA.1Test purpose (651)6.3.3EA.2Test applicability (651)6.3.3EA.3Minimum conformance requirements (651)6.3.3EA.4Test description (651)6.3.3EA.5Test requirements (652)6.3.3F Transmit OFF power for category NB1 (652)6.3.3F.1Test purpose (652)6.3.3F.2Test applicability (652)6.3.3F.3Minimum conformance requirement (652)6.3.3F.4Test description (652)6.3.3F.5Test requirement (652)6.3.4ON/OFF time mask (652)6.3.4.1General ON/OFF time mask (652)6.3.4.1.1Test purpose (652)6.3.4.1.2Test applicability (653)。
美国西蒙综合布线产品清单
描述 产品型号 单位 品牌
Faceplate 86面板，单口 MX-BFP-S-01-02 86面板，双口 MX-BFP-S-02-02 86面板，三口 MX-BFP-S-03-02 86面板，四口 MX-BFP-S-04-02 86面板，六口 MX-BFP-S-06-02 110机架安装配线架套件，100对，带过线槽 S110DB2-100RWM 110机架安装配线架套件，200对，带过线槽 S110DB2-200RWM 110机架安装配线架套件，300对 S110DB1-300RFT 1U19”机架线缆管理器 S110-RWM-01 RJ45水晶头 P-8-8 110快接式插头，1对 S110P1 110快接式插头，2对 S110P2 110快接式插头，4对 S110P4 MAX模块化配线架 MX-PNL-24 MAX模块化配线架 MX-PNL-48 System 6 UTP Solution 六类四对UTP水平电缆 9C6M4-E3 六类RJ45模块，斜口 MX6-02B 六类RJ45模块，平口 MX6-F02B 六类24口快接式配线架 HD6-24 六类48口快接式配线架 HD6-48 六类RJ45跳线，2米 MC6-8-T-07-02B 六类RJ45跳线，3米 MC6-8-T-10-02B 六类RJ45跳线，5米 MC6-8-T-15-02B Tools and Testers
美国西蒙公司产品清单
描述 4芯多模室内光缆，62.5/125，OFNR 6芯多模室内光缆，62.5/125，OFNR 8芯多模室内光缆，62.5/125，OFNR 12芯多模室内光缆，62.5/125，OFNR 2芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 4芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 6芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 8芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 12芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 2芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 4芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 6芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 8芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 12芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 10G Fiber Optical Cable 6芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 8芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 12芯多模室内光缆，50/125，OFNR 6芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 8芯单模室内光缆，OFNR 12芯单模室内光缆，OFNR Backbone Muti-pair UTP 25对大对数铜缆，五类 25对大对数铜缆，三类 50对大对数铜缆，三类 100对大对数铜缆，三类 产品型号 9F6B1-4A 9F6B1-6B 9F6B1-8C 9F6B1-12D 9F5B1-2F 9F5B1-4A 9F5B1-6B 9F5B1-8C 9F5B1-12D 9F8B1-2F 9F8B1-4A 9F8B1-6B 9F8B1-8C 9F8B1-12D 9F5LB1-6B 9F5LB1-8C 9F5LB1-12D 9F8LB1-6B 9F8LB1-8C 9F8LB1-12D 9C5R25-E1 9C3R25-E1 9C3R50-E1 9C3R100-E1 单位 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M KFT KFT KFT KFT 品牌 SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON SIEMON
0105_Abbreviations_and_Definitions_Rev00doc(英文缩写定义)
I IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:1of 31.5Abbrevations and definitionsSystem Reference ManualAutor:Martin SchmidtAbteilung:I IS MT PEP PN5Tel.:+49 9131 / 7-46126Fax:+49 9131 / 7-43788Mail:martin.ms.schmidt@ This documentation is valid since version V 00I IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:2of 3HistoryIt is not permitted to distribute, copy, use and disclose the contents of this document without specific permission. Violations will be liable for compensation.All rights are reserved, especially for patents or GM entries.We have checked the contents of this document for correctness with the described hardware and software. Deviations however, cannot be completely avoided. Therefore no guarantee can be given for the complete correctness of this document. However, the contents of this document are regularly checked and necessary corrections will be made in later revisions.We are grateful for any suggestions for improvement.I IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:3of 3Table of Contents1LOGICAL FUNCTION UNIT (LFU) –ABBREVIATIONS4 2GENERAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS7TOTAL PAGES23I IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:4of 3 1LOGICAL FUNCTION UNIT (LFU) –ABBREVIATIONSGlossarAbbrevation SoAb DeLCS LA L aminar c ooling S ystem KühlstreckensteuerungI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:5of 3Abbrevation SoAb DeI IS MT SR / P-10008732Page:6of 3Abbrevation SoAbDeSUF SF S pecial F unctionsSpezielle FunktionenTFC T hrust F orce C ompensationQuerkraft-und Reibungskompensation THC TH Th ickness c ontrol Dickenregelung WCT WX W idth c on t rolBreitensteuerungXTCXTE x it t emperature c ontrolAuslauftemperaturregelungI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:7of 3 2GENERAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONSAbbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:8of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:9of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:10of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:11of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:12of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:13of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:14of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:15of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:16of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:17of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:18of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:19of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:20of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:21of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:22of 3Abbrevation EnI IS MT SR/ P-10008732Page:23of 3Abbrevation En。
各类质粒载体图谱
pGADT7
Vector Information
as a fusion to a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag. HA-tagged proteins can be identified with antibodies raised to this common epitope, eliminating the need to generate specific antibodies to new proteins. The T7 promoter is used for in vitro transcription and translation of the epitope tagged fusion protein and also provides a binding site for sequencing using the T7 Sequencing Primer. Note that the AD is not expressed during the in vitro transcription and translation reactions. The Nco I and Pst I sites may be used to shuttle inserts from pGADT7 into pGBKT7, the MATCHMAKER Two-Hybrid System 3 DNA-BD Vector. The MCS in pGADT7 is compatible with those in pMyc-CMV and pHA-CMV, CLONTECH's epitope tagged mammalian expression vector set (#K6003-1). As a result, the target gene can be shuttled into these vectors in order to confirm protein interactions in vivo. Location of features: • Full-length S. cerevisiae ADH1 promoter (PADH1): 7–1479 • GAL4 AD polypeptide with SV40 Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS) NLS: 1501–1557 GAL4 amino acids 768–881: 1561–1899 • T7 RNA polymerase promoter: 1905–1927 • HA epitope tag: 1942–1968 • Multiple Cloning Sites: 1969–2041 • Transcription termination signal Fragment carrying the S. cerevisiae ADH1 terminator (TADH1): 2280–2605 • LEU2 coding sequences: 3814–2723 • pUC plasmid replication origin: 4581–5418 • Ampicillin resistance gene: 6432–5575 • Yeast 2 µ replication origin: 6998–7988 Location of primers: • T7 Sequencing Primer: 1905–1925 • 3' AD Sequencing Primer: 2102–2083 • MATCHMAKER 5' AD LD-Insert Screening Amplimer (#9103-1): 1858–1889 • MATCHMAKER 3' AD LD-Insert Screening Amplimer (#9103-1): 2078–2046 Propagation in E. coli: • Suitable host strains: DH5α, DH10 & other general purpose strains • Selectable marker: plasmid confers resistance to ampicillin (100 µg/ml) to E. coli hosts • E. coli replication origin: pUC • Copy number: ~500 • Plasmid incompatibility group: pMB1/Col E1 Propagation in S. cerevisiae: • Suitable host strains: Y187(α), Y190(a), SFY526(a), CG1945(a), HF7c(a), or AH109(a) • Selectable marker: LEU2 • S. cerevisiae origin: 2 µ Reference:
Quantabio repliQa
Quantabio, 100 Cummings Center Suite 407J, Beverly, MA 01915IFU-115.1 Rev01repliQa™ HiFi Assembly MixCat. No. 95190-010 95190-050Size:10 reactions 50 reactionsStore at -25°C to -15°CDescriptionThe repliQa™ HiFi Assembly Mix simplifies the construction of recombinant DNA through the simultaneous and seamless assembly of multiple DNA fragments possessing terminal regions of sequence overlap in a single, isothermal reaction. Similar in principle to the Gibson Assembly ® Method 1, the high efficiency repliQa HiFi Assembly Mix is ideal for a range of genetic engineering applications including routine molecular cloning, site-directed mutagenesis, assembly of large constructs for synthetic biology applications, and the construction of diverse sequence libraries for directed evolution studies. The concentrated, two-component format allows flexibility in design of assembly reactions and compatibility with less concentrated DNAsamples. The repliQa Mix has been optimized for use with a total input quantity of DNA fragments in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 pmols. The assembly of up to six DNA fragments is recommended, though the repliQa Mix has been successfully used for more complex assemblies.Double stranded DNA fragments for assembly can be generated by PCR amplification, chemical synthesis, or isolation of restriction fragments. When working with fragments PCR amplified from plasmid vectors, the included DpnI restriction endonuclease can be used for selectively digesting methylated, residual plasmid DNA to reduce background transformants. The repliQa mix is directly compatible with most common E. coli cloning hosts and generally provides a high yield of accurately assembled product.The DNA assembly occurs through the actions of three enzymes:• A non-thermostable 5' to 3' exonuclease that partially eliminates one strand of a DNA duplex to expose complementary overlap regions forhybridization.• A high-fidelity thermostable polymerase that fills the gaps remaining between the hybridized fragments of the overlapping regions.• A thermostable DNA ligase that covalently seals the resulting nicks at fragment junctions, generating double-stranded, assembled DNA moleculessuitable for transformation of cells.ComponentsReagent Description95190-01095190-050 repliQa HiFi Assembly Enzyme Mix Optimized formulation of enzymes for 5’-endresection, high fidelity 3’-end extension, and nick sealing.1 x 0.02 mL1 x 0.10 mLrepliQa 10X Assembly Reaction Buffer 10X reaction buffer containing dNTPs, magnesium, and cofactors.1 x 0.1 mL 1 x 0.50 mLDpnI (20 U/µl)Restriction endonuclease for the (optional) post-PCR digestion of residual unamplified plasmid template.1 x 0.05 ml 1 x 0.25 mlStorage and StabilityStore kit components in a constant temperature freezer at -25°C to -15°C upon receipt. For long term buffer storage (> 30 days) store buffer at -70°C. Refer to the product label or lot-specific Product Specification Sheet (PSF) available at /resources for applicable expiration date.A general diagram of assembly cloning is shown below:Additional reagents and materials that are not supplied• PCR-Grade, nuclease-free water (do not use DEPC-treated water)• High Fidelity DNA Polymerase (Enzymatics VeraSeq TM 2.0, P7511L or equivalent)• A heat block, thermocycler, or water bath capable of holding a temperature of 50 ± 2°C for one hour. • PCR or microcentrifuge reaction tubes.• PCR product purification kit (QIAGEN ® QIAquick ® PCR Purification Kit, 28104 or equivalent). •Competent E. coli cells and accessories as recommended by manufacturer.Before you begin• Design the DNA fragment sequences and assembly strategy. Guidelines are given in Appendix 1.• (Optional) Treat PCR reaction with DpnI if plasmid DNA was used as template for generating DNA fragments to be assembled. (Appendix 2).•(Recommended) After determining PCR fragment or restriction endonuclease-digested fragment size and purity by agarose gel electrophoresis, purify using a spin column-based cleanup or other method. This step is not required but is highly recommended to achieve highest efficiency of fragment assembly.• Measure the concentration of each isolated DNA fragment by absorbance at A 260 or by using a fluorometric quantitation reagent. Agarose gel electrophoresis with mass-calibrated size standards can also be used to quantify fragment mass and quality simultaneously. • Calculate the number of picomoles of each fragment using the following formula:pmols = (weight in ng) x 1000/(bp x 662).• Determine the number of pmols of each fragment to add to the assembly reaction. For cloning, highest efficiencies are achieved with 0.02 to 0.04 pmols of linear vector fragment (50 to 100 ng of 4 kb vector) and 2 to 8-fold molar excess of inserts. • Prepare outgrowth medium and culture plates with appropriate antibiotics for plasmid selection.•Equilibrate the heat block, thermal cycler, or water bath to 50°C for incubation of the assembly reactions .Protocol1. Thaw the repliQa HiFi Assembly Kit components, briefly vortex to mix, and place on ice.2. For each assembly, add reaction components in the order listed in the table below to chilled reaction tubes.The optimal amount of enzyme mix to add per assembly reaction depends on the total quantity of DNA fragments present.ComponentRxn. component volumes (µl) for varying amounts of total DNA≤ 0.125 pmol> 0.125 pmol but ≤ 0.25 pmol > 0.25 pmol Nuclease-free water(17.5 – X) µl (17.0 – X) µl (16.0 – X) µl repliQa 10X Assembly Reaction Buffer 2.0 µl 2.0 µl 2.0 µl DNA fragmentsX µl X µl X µl repliQa HiFi Assembly Enzyme Mix 0.5 µl 1.0 µl 2.0 µl Total volume20 µl20 µl20 µl3. Incubate reactions at 50°C in heat block, thermal cycler with heated lid (set to ~60-80°C), or covered water bath for 1 hr. Hold assembled product mix at 4°C until ready to proceed with transformations. If transformations cannot be performed on the same day, reactions can be stored at -20°C for up to one month.4. Competent E. coli should be transformed, recovered, and plated as per manufacturer guidelines or standard lab practices. Note: If electroporation is to be used for transforming cells, we recommend first diluting the assembly reaction 1:5 in high purity water. There is no need to dilute the assembly reactions prior to transformation of chemically competent cells.5. (Optional) Analyze a portion of the remaining assembly reaction by agarose gel electrophoresis. If DNA fragment assembly occurs properly, a ladder of higher molecular weight DNA bands would be generated.Note: For reactions using three or fewer fragments the incubation time in step 3 can be shortened to 15 minutes.Appendix 1 – Guidelines for Designing DNA Fragments for Assembly1.When designing the DNA fragment sequences and assembly strategy, allow for a region of sequence homology between adjacent DNA fragments.Be sure to avoid regions of repeated bases or repeated short DNA motifs in the design of these overlaps where possible. Regions of secondary structure such as hairpins or stem loops should also be avoided.2.The kit is optimized for the assembly of fragments with overlap regions between 15 – 60 bp. It is recommended that the overlaps be at least 20bp with a minimum of 25% GC content, however overlaps of 30 bp or longer size will provide higher efficiency assembly reactions.3.For generating PCR fragments to be assembled, design primers with a 5’ segment of homology to the adjacent fragment or vector. If the adjacentfragment is also generated by PCR amplification, the overlap can be split between two primers if desired. The 3’ segment of primers should contain sequence specific to the DNA target of interest. Amplify targets using a high-fidelity thermostable DNA polymerase such as VeraSeq 2.0 (Enzymatics, P7511L) or equivalent per manufacturer instructions.4.When designing synthetic gene fragments for assembly, ensure that the 5’ and 3’ segments contain regions of homologous overlap sequencebetween adjacent gene blocks, PCR fragments, or isolated restriction fragments.5.For site-directed mutagenesis applications, the assembly strategy should be designed such that the mutation of interest is centered betweenadjacent PCR fragments. Design the PCR primers as with the standard fragments above, except that the mutation (substitution, insertion, or deletion) should be included within the 5’ segments for both of the adjacent fragments.6.When designing DNA fragments to be assembled with isolated restriction fragments, be aware that any 5’ overlaps from staggered restriction cutswill be eliminated because of the 5’-->3’ nuclease present in the assembly mix, and so should not be included in the measurement of overlap size. If desired, design the 5’ overlap segment of the adjacent fragment to either preserve or eliminate the restriction site.Appendix 2 – DpnI treatment to remove residual plasmid DNAWhen plasmid vector is used as PCR template to generate a fragment for assembly, it is recommended that the reaction be treated with DpnI to eliminate residual methylated plasmid prior to setting up the assembly reaction.1.Add 1 µl DpnI (20U) directly to the PCR reaction (50 µl) following amplification of fragment.2.Incubate at 37°C for 1 hr.3.Heat inactivate DpnI by incubation at 80°C for 20 min.4.(Recommended) Purify the fragment using a spin column-based PCR purification kit.Quality ControlThe repliQa HiFi Assembly Mix is functionally tested for assembly of three 1-kb PCR fragments into 2kb and 3 kb products.The individual components of the repliQa HiFi Assembly Mix are tested to be free of contaminating DNase and RNase.Limited Label LicensesThis product was developed, manufactured, and sold for in vitro use only. The product is not suitable for administration to humans or animals. SDS sheets relevant to this product are available upon request.References1. Gibson, D.G., et al. (2009). Enzymatic assembly of DNA molecules up to several hundred kilobases. Nat. Methods 6, 343-5.。
StepOne 技术参数 201010(1)
StepOne荧光定量PCR仪技术参数1.仪器规格*1.1Block规格： 48 孔，支持标准与快速反应模式*1.2通道：支持3通道检测1.3 支持容量： 10–30 μL1.4支持耗材：48 孔、8联管、单管*1.5 Block最高升降温速率：≥ 4.5°C/秒1.6温度范围： 4°C–100°C1.7温度精确度：≤±0.26°C*1.8融解曲线分辨率：≤ 0.1°C1.9光源：单一LED激发光源1.10数据采集：对所有反应孔收集所有滤片的数据，试验结束后反应板设置可修改。
1.11触摸屏： LCD/6.5 英寸Full VGA (640x480)/260K 色*1.12 具有高分辨率融解曲线功能（HRM）2已验证性能指标2.1灵敏度：可在单一报道基因30μL TaqMan®分析中检测 10 拷贝 RNaseP 模板2.2精密度：使用 TaqMan®RNaseP 仪器验证反应板，可分辨 5,000 至 10,000 个 RNaseP 模板拷贝（置信度 99.7%）*2.3运行时间：快速：40 循环少于 40 分钟；标准：40 循环少于 2 小时3.软件支持应用3.1基于标准曲线的绝对定量 Standard curve (absolute quantitation)3.2相对标准曲线 Relative standard curve3.3基于比较Ct值的相对定量 Comparative Ct (relative quantitation)3.4融解曲线分析 Melt curve analysis (as a standalone application)3.5存在/不存在 Presence/Absence (Plus/minus)3.6基于或非基于实时扩增的基因分型 Genotyping (with or without real-time amplification)4.软件要求4.1设置向导/高级设置/快速启动4.2自动标准曲线建立4.3相对标准曲线4.4基因分型，数据和反应板读取4.5移液反应/反应体系设计4.6导出至 excel, powerpoint, jpeg*4.7远程监控和Email通知4.8高级分析选项，每孔手动基线设定5.仪器应用要求5.1可提供禽流感病毒、新城疫病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、蓝耳病病毒等动物疫病病毒检测试剂盒、可提供专业的食品安全检测试剂盒：大肠杆菌O157检测试剂盒；沙门氏菌检测试剂盒；空肠弯曲杆菌检测试剂盒；李斯特菌检测试剂盒；5.3可提供耐药基因和药物代谢分析试剂盒。
QuickScan fumonisin test kit 说明书
4 Immediately shake vigorously to dissolve pouch, then shake an additional 1 minute on mechanical shaker (or by hand for 2 minutes)
5 Filter with approved coffee filter (e.g. BUNBCF100B). Or centrifuge a portion of extract for 30 seconds at 2000 x g (NOT RPM).
Place in the QuickScan carrier and slide carrier in.
Results Screen will appear when scanning is
minutes. Cut off and
Click “Read Test” on Main
complete. Enter sample
discard bottom pad with
Menu and choose MG1 for
identification data and
arrow tape and read
Corn. Fumonisin results
use buttons to save or
promptly.
are reported up to 10 ppm.
Confirm 22°C
6 Add 100 µL Buffer to tube.
QuickScan TEST RESULTS
7 Transfer 100 µL of the clarified extract to the tube; stir well with pipette tip.