上海小学英语 知识点罗列

知识点
1)名词复数形式
直接加s: cars vans bees cows bicycles ……
加es: bus - buses ; box - boxes ; watch - watches ; peach - peaches
y结尾--- 1)去y加ies : butterfly-butterflies ; ferry-ferries; cherry-cherries
2) 直接加s: boy- boys, toy-toys
f(e) 结尾--- 1)去f加ves:wolf - wolves; leaf – leaves
2)直接加s: giraffe- giraffes, (roof-roofs)
2)动词V+ing形式
直接加ing:
eating ; drinking ; climbing ; sleeping ; reading ; fighting; singing ; cooking ; flying ; doing ; touching ; crying ; drawing; jumping ; playing
双写加ing:
run - running swim - swimming skip - skipping sit - sitting hop-hopping
去e加ing:
ride- riding; make -making; take-taking; write- writing;
dance - dancing; skate - skating; drive - driving;
3）缩写形式
can not =can’t I am=I’m You are=You’re They are=They’re
He is =He’s She is =She’s It is=It’s We are=We’re
are not=aren’t is not=isn’t do not=don’t
4) 同音词
to- too- two; four- for; sea- see; hear- here; be- bee; by-bye-buy
meat-meet; write-right
5）反义词(一般放在句子中填空)
tall--short big—small long—short rough—smooth
soft—hard black—white on—under hot-cold warm-cool stop-go
kind- unkind helpful-unhelpful friendly-unfriendly
6) 同类词(一般放在句子中填空, 要注意单复数, 或ing形式)
动物: giraffe, snake, elephant, zebra, bear, monkey, dog, fish, wolf
食物:salad, carrot,fish, chicken, banana, soup, meat, hamburger, pizza, noodles, rice
交通工具: bus, minibus, school bus, ferry, ship, MTR, LRT, tram, train, van, bicycle,
颜色: white, purple, pink, orange, brown, black, red, blue, yellow, blue, green
动词：run, skate, hop, skip, ride, fly, play, draw, write, sing, dance, climb, drink, make,
形容词：soft, hard, rough, smooth, tall, short, big, small, fat, thin,
数词: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, twenty
季节: spring, summer, autumn(fall), winter
天气: warm, hot, cool, cold, rainy, sunny, windy, cloudy,
7) 不可数名词没有复数(用/表示)
grass soup salad fish chicken meat rice bread hair water juice jam
8) 动词搭配
like doing…喜欢做某事
am/is/are doing…正在做某事
go doing…去做某事
can do…会做某事
Let’s do…让我们一起做某事
9)主格—宾格
I –me you—you he—him she—her it – it
we—us they—them
10) what 句型
It is orange. What colour is it?
It is an orange. What is it ?
They are orange. What colour are they?
They are oranges. What are they?
My name is Alice. What is your name?
My telephone number is 34554876. What is your telephone number?
I like eating carrots. What do you like eating?
11) how句型
I am seven. How old are you?
I come to school by bus. Ho w do you come to school?
Five boys. How many boy s come to school by car ? How many+复数
12) where 句型
I live in Shanghai. Where do you live?
13) in on 用法
in H ong K ong in S hanghai in P udong in W an C hai
on H ong K ong I sland on H ainan I sland
14) on by用法
by bus by car by bicycle
on foot
15) 关于too 和also替换
I am reading too. = I am also reading.
I can read English books too. = I can also read English books.
I like English too. = I also like English.
He comes to school by MTR too. = He also comes to school by MTR.
16) 关于like eating…喜欢吃一类东西时,只有两种情况:
1) …like eating +不可数名词(rice, bread, salad,…)
2)…like eating+ 可数名词复数(carrot s, banana s, apple s, hamburger s…)
17) 关于like+doing 喜欢做某事
like swimming, like riding, like singing, like reading, like skating…
---What do you like doing in winter?
--- I like skating on the ice.
18) 关于否定句
1) be(am, is, are)+ not eg.I am not tall. He isn’t tall. We aren’t tall.
2) can+ not eg. He can’t skate.
3) I don’t like eg. I don’t like eating carrots.
19) 关于一般疑问句
1) 看到be动词(am, is, are) , 就把be动词提前. 注意: I’m, We’re变Are you…?
2) 看到can, 就把can提前. 注意: I can, We can变Can you…?
3) 看到like就把助动词do 提前. 注意: I like, We like变Do you like…?。