MUN文件的写作

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【绝对有用绝对原创】【模拟联合国】立场文件范文 AIMUN 【MUN】【毒品问题】毒品立场

Delegate: Yang Yiyuan , Liu FengSchool: Shandong Economic UniversityCountry: Islamic Republic of PakistanCommittee: General AssemblyTopic A: Global Drug ControlDrug abuse has been a serious problem in the world for a long period of time. Although international efforts have been made to solve the issue, a satisfied result is still yet to be reached. The illicit drug cultivation, trafficking and selling led to large amount of crime and even fed the terrorist groups that threaten the piece of the world. Drug abuse is not only an evil to individuals but also a disaster to societies.Drug cultivation owns a long history in Pakistan. Drug trade has resulted in a series of social problems. As a country that has a weak infrastructure of economy, Pakistan would get lethal effect by drugs in ecomomy, politics and even national security. Pakistan has taken sharp pains to cut down on the drug related crimes and is willing to cooperate with nations that have the same ambitions to eradicate drug abuse within the framework of the United Nations.The United Nations has taken great concerns on drug related problems. The 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic substances and the 1988 Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic drugs and Psychotropic substances are 3 basic conventions of international drug control system that played important roles in interdicting drug abuse. Confronted with the problems of lacking drug supervision, Pakistan has taken a series of practical actions:ANF endeavored to disseminate information on the disadvantages of drug trafficking which helps reduce the number of drug addicts from 3,000,000 in 1993 to 1,500,000 in recent time.Pakistan also has put in 2.8 billion rupee to help addicts get cured and prohibit drug smuggle. In future , Pakistan will try to take following measures to control drugs:1 To ask for help of international societies to provide a viable crop alternative to opium farmers.2 To increase law enforcement, Pakistan will execute drug related arrests and crop seizures.3 To propagate knowledge on drugs to citizens and increase the publicity on penalties for drug smugglers.4 To hold talks with other nations to build up a strandard procedure that can facilitate authorized drugs’trade and prevent the unauthorized ones.5 To force the military control of the borders especially the one between Pakistan and Afganistan.Pakistan has realized the severity of drug problems, but the government firmly believe that with the continous endeavors of the world, the problems will be settled satisfactorily. Pakistan sincerely hope that the United Nations can pass some feasible resolutions that can make contribution to the world’s piece and development.。

【MUN】模联培训-文件写作

TIPs
1. 条约，法律条文，决议案等斜43;（缩写） Security Council （SC）
3. 国家+动词单数第三人称 We+动词复数形式！！！绝对不可以说“I believe……”
Sample Position Paper讲解
4.对未来的展望（本国将采取的措施+呼吁他国或国际组织怎么样+客套话结题）
措施详细程度 The UK will continue promoting financing aid and technicians
________________________________________
The UK will continue promoting financing aid and technicians with the purpose of making sure that IAEA have the necessary resources to maintain its effectiveness of safeguards. sss
本国措施+国际参与+……+……
2.与议题关系不大，本身政治地位不高的小国：
区域性组织中的参与+国际性组织的参与+……+……
3.百分百纯酱油国家：突出联合国以及相关国际组织采取的措施和行动，结合实际说明自己国家对这些国际组织所采取的措施的态度。
进阶篇
• • • •
一篇好的立场文件？ 1.措施的详细程度 2.措施的提出要有依据 3.句子之间适当的逻辑连接
Position Paper的逻辑构架
1.开题（两三句话） 2.本国措施（国内层面 3.国际组织的措 4.对未来的展望 Pay attention! 立场文件没有所谓固定格式，只要能够在本国总体立场 +国际层面）施（本国将采取的措正式、简洁、准确的前提下，做到逻辑清晰，立场明确，施+呼吁他国或国就很好了际组织怎么样+客套话结题）可以引用的资料：

模联文件写作

行动性条款
·草案的实质部分 ·列举解决问题的措施和建议 ·每个条款以动词开头，以分号结尾 ·要有逻辑顺序
决议草案
·以阿拉伯数字进行标注
Draft Resolution
·每条款只能包含一个建议或想法 ·若条款需多加解释，在该条款下分条逐一说明，格式如上，先以英文字母标注，再用罗马数字 ·最后条款以句号总结 ·每一条款均以动词开头（英语以第三人称单数式），以分号结尾，以斜体或下划线标出
决议草案
草案标题 • 委员会 committee • 议题 topic
Draft Resolution
• 决议草案编号（由主席团编号） • 起草国 sponsor(s)、 • 附议国 signatory (-ies)名单
决议草案
Draft Resolution
草案正文 • 草案是一个完整的句子 • 由两个部分组成序言条款 (preambulatory clauses) 行动性条款 (operative clauses)
决议
• (三)对于一份被印发全场的非友好修正案，代表们将有一分钟时间阅读，之后该份非友好修正案的起草国将自动获得一分钟的时间介绍该份非友好修正案； • (四)对于一份友好修正案，会议指导将以宣读的方式将其直接加入决议草案； • (五)在对所有需要进行介绍的文件自动介绍时间结束后，该份文件是否被继续讨论，取决于是否有相应的有主持核心磋商被通过。
立场文件
Position Paper
• 语言官方正式，言简意赅（可以参考一些官方的表态） • 真正提出一些站在自己国家立场上的有特色的观点，注重角色扮演，包括外交风格，避免泛泛而谈 • 不需过于详细的数据列举（人口，资源，GDP……） • 结构清晰，条理分明，每段内容不宜太多，最多不宜超过6-7行，全文约在A4纸一页稍多

MUN模拟联合国资料

1. 立场文件（取材2009 年北大模联）Delegate:YangYI，Yuanmeng HUANGSchool:ShanghaiNo.3GirlsHighSchoolCountry:TuvaluCommittee:UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)TopicA:ExploitationofNaturalResourcesinAntarcticWith increasing discoveries made and technologies developed, the exploitation of Antarctica has become an international hot-spot. Our exporation of Antarctica has never ceased---we aresimply eager to step on to that mysterious, yet, sacred white land covered with snow all-year-longto do researches or to carry out further exploitation.Many countries have built up scientific stations on this continent, and have gradually madetheir dreams come true. Thanks to the constant efforts of the international community, we have already made facts like “there are more than 220 sorts of mineral resources in Antarctic” and “the amount of reserved flammable ice beneath the ice sheet is the sum of all the fossil fuels all over theworld, which could replace coal and petroleum as a new environment- friendly energy resource”come true.So now, the importance and the necessity of peaceful and rational exploitation of these resources have gradually emerged. And Tuvalu firmly believes that should these resources be used properly, they would be evangel to all those suffering from the energy crisis.1One important ally of Tuvalu, the UK, has claimed 100 Esq. Sea territories near the Antarctica, which incurred many disputes from the countries near the Antarctica. Not only UK though, many other countries(such as Chile, Argentina, France, Norway) have claimed territories in Antarctica as well. Russian Federation even dispatched, 153 times, scientific groups to Antarctica to do research,discover and built basements!However, the territorial conflicts in Antarctic is not simply about territory itself; it is alsoabout showing off certain countries' power. Now, there are many treaties and protocols dealing with this issue, but few of them are effective. And the poor Antarctic Treaty, can only be regarded as a byproduct of the cold war, which froze many droids in Antarctic, and forbid the exploitation inAntarctica and the territory claims. Yet, it is very clear that not all of these items are rational. Tuvalu supports the exploitation of Antarctic resources, and we believe that Antarctica belongs to the entire human race, which, of course, includes us Tuvalu.2Tuvalu is we hope to participate the inner conferences of the related countries to get more benefits for our citizens. Therefore, Tuvalu suggests that the international community hold discussions based on the Svalbard Treaty, 1925 to exploit Antarctic resources, protect its environment, and, as well, to pay less attention to military and economic concerns.Also as one of the least developed countries in the world, we have extremely limited capabilityfor thorough exploitation: We will simply use the resources of Antarctica to meet domestic needs. The exploitation of the Antarctic is a mainstream trend of our time. So, Tuvalu suggests all countries be united, to together figure out a rational, environment-friendly and sustainable way to exploit Antarctic and to protect it. Tuvalu is willing to cooperate with other developed alliancesuchas Australia, Japan and UK during this UNEP conference to sign related joint communiqué to help1 /bbs/dispbbs.asp?boardid=12&id=281&page=2&star=12 /view/2732.htm大家一起来模联东北一狂人著18our alliances and Tuvalu ourselves to benefit from all that we can.Above all, Tuvalu suggests:1. Considering that great profits can and can only be achieved underInternational Treaties, Tuvalu urges the UN to ameliorate all international treatiessuch as the Antarctic Treaty and United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,discuss the documents of scientific share of the polar area, take the polar area intothe jurisdiction of the United Nations, and welcome all states to carry out scientific explorations.2. Urges all states to explore the resources shared by all mankind properly, inrespect of the international laws and the protection of the environment, andannounce all the scientific achievements beneficial to everyone.3. Protects the benefits of all developing countries on the controversial issue,and thinks developing countries should cooperate with developed ones and shouldn'tbe sated aside in the intense competition in exploiting Antarctic natural resources.4. As for energy, we suggest that every country find and invent new energy withgreat exertion, and we hope that the human race could get rid of the rely on fossilresources as soon as possible.5. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, theapplication of the extension of the application of the continental shelf seabedsovereignty under article 76, and all states should hand in the relating applicationand information to UN.6. In expectation of relevant provisions of the United Nations Convention on theLaw of the Sea, all exploration and researches must be under the framework in thetreaty.Tuvalu is faces a huge problem that we will all soon be facing: Global Warming. This effect causes the elevation of sea level, and as a result our citizens have to migrate to survive. So we hopethat all countries will protect the environment of Antarctic area while exploring it.Tuvalu suggests that, in order to reach the consensus of certain laws and decisions, we should have further discussion on this topic. Antarctic belongs to all livings, including the citizens of Tuvalu. Tuvalu hopes that our citizens could find a new place to live in Antarctic zone by a resolution of UNEP. Tuvalu appeals every country to be united in elaborating new international laws in order to establish and maintain a new order in the exploration of Antarctic resources. Tuvalu will, of course, very much appreciates international assistance. Again, we insists that Antarctic belongs to the entire human race, and we hope all countries could cooperate with each other on these issues. And Tuvalu hopes all countries could pay more attention to environment protection when making the exploitation projects. Tuvalu has been devoted to promoting peacefuland efficient discussions among all the countries related to these issues to protect the collective benefits from the hegemonies. From now on, we will pay close attention to the progress of this conference, and we expect the UNEP to be efficient, effective, and function-enlarged.2. 工作文件（取材2008 年复旦模联）WorkingPaperSample(1)Committee: International Fishery Committee大家一起来模联东北一狂人著19Topic: Global fishery and managementSponsor: Panama, Guatemala, NigaruaguaAs countries with prospering fishing industry, also as countries that pay great attention tothe maintainance of biodiversity, we strive to solve negative effects brought about during fishery process. One of the major problems is bycatch.A vivid definition of bycatching:Imagine you are a the old man in Old Man and the Sea, and you want to catch someshrimp for lunch. If when you trawl up your net, except for the poor shrimps you want,there is also a dinasour struggling in the net, then you have just BY-CAUGHT: catchingsomething you do not intend to catch.Howseriousisby-catch?According to the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, in the Gulf of Mexico, three pounds of bycatch are caught for every pound of shrimp that goes to market. Accordingto the Worldwide Fund for Nature, in the Gulf of Thailand it can be 14 pounds of bycatchper pound of shrimp. Bycatch is often discarded dead or dying by the time it is returned tothe sea. Trawl nets in general, and shrimp trawls in particular, have been identified as sources of mortality for species of concern, including cetaceans. Sea turtles, alreadycritically endangered, have been killed by the thousands in shrimp trawl nets.Howtoreduceby-catch?To reduce bycatch, we propose ways as follows:1. We recommand the "bycatch reduction device" (BRD) and the Nordmore grate thathelp fish escape from shrimp nets.2. We encourage trawlers to outfit their nets with trap-door "Turtle excluder device," or TEDs, to let sea turtles escape.3. As the size selectivity of trawl nets is often controlled by the size of the openings in thenet, especially in the "cod end", the larger the size of the openings, the more easily small fish can escape, so we support the use of appropriately larger sizes of openings.4. We appeal to further carry out the development and testing of modifications to fishing gear to improve selectivity and decrease impact, which is called "conservation engineering."DISCARDS, form a major part of the bycatch of a fishing operation. Discards are theportion of a catch of fish which is not retained on board during commercial fishing operations and is returned, often dead or dying, to the sea. Discarding impacts on the大家一起来模联东北一狂人著20environment in two ways; firstly, through increased mortality to target and non-target species, particularly at juvenile life-history stages, and secondly, through alteration of food webs by supplying increased levels of food to scavenging organisms on the sea floor, and to sea birds.So, in addition to efforts to reduce the amount of bycatch caught in nets, we also appeal to implement programs to effectively utilize bycatch species, rather than throwing the fish back into the ocean. One such use of bycatch is the formulation of fish hydrolysate that can be used as a soil amendment in organic agriculture.WorkingPaperSample(2)Committee: International Fishery CommitteeTopic : some solutions summarySponsors: Uruguay ,Guatemala ,Ecuador, Panama, Nicaragua, Brazil, Costa RicaThe following is summary of the common views of Latin Americancountries aboveOverfishing Solutions SummaryA.Raiseawarenessusingfollowingways1. Build morality education by public propagandas2. Build professional education to fishermen by science knowledgepopularizationEnhancepoormanagement3. reduce fishing capacity by restricting large-amount fishing to levels that marine system can sustain.4. Prohibit catching little fishes to allow over-exploited fish populations to recover.5. Raise artificial baby fishes6. Prohibit catching endangered and valuable fishes, by demarcatingno-fishing areas, to ensure the biodiversity.7. set restrictions on commercial fishing8. establish specific legislation to restrict overfishing; establish heavy legislation to ensure the conduction of management9. improve supervision system10.urges the local government to work on the issues efficiently and transparentlyBy-catching Solutions Summary1. Each relevant government definites the by-catching quota , based on each country’s ocean resource. And the quota should be ratified by UN.2. Modify the fishing instruments to reduce unwanted catch. For example: outfit nets with trap-door to let turtles escape in shrimp catching;大家一起来模联东北一狂人著21control the size of the nets’ openings.3. Restrict fishing capacity, for example,1 ton or 1000 heads, no matter what are your target fishes.4. Effectively utilize by-catching fishes, rather than throwing themback into the sea. Because by-catching is inevitable and the majority of the returned by-catching fishes are dead or dying.Solutions to El Nino impacts on fisheryBackgroundEl Nino causes heavy decline of fish production, resulting in the enormous economic losses of these countries, whose GDP consists a large proportion of fishery.Solutions1. utilize the previously mentioned monitoring system in working paper1.3 to forecast more effectively El Nino phenomenon2. compensate for the loss brought about by El Ninoa. modifications of annual fishery investment, according to the estimation from the monitoring systemb. humanitarian aids to disaster-struck countries are indispensable. BiodiversityBackgroundBiodiversity is a resource with enormous potential, both for intellectual and e conomic purposes and as an instrument for a country’s development. Each species (of course including fishes)plays a role in nature, andinteracts with other species and its environment. So biodiversity is worth concerning by every country.Solutions1. Set up international oceanic gene pool and enhance cooperation among associations.2. Encourage responsible countries to establish relevant laws for the conservation and sustainable use of oceanic bio-diversity.3. improve social participation by publicizing4. appeals for cooperation on bio-diversity technology and management expertise3. 决议草案Draft Resolution 1.1Committee:GeneralAssemblyTopic:ReportoftheCommitteeonRelationswiththeHostCountry大家一起来模联东北一狂人著22Sponsors:Argentina,Germany,Japan,SouthAfrica,TheUnitedStatesofAmericaSignatories:Azerbaijan,Brazil,Bangladesh,Barbados,Croatia,Denmark,Greece,Hungary,Italy,Jamaica,Zimbabwe,etc.The General Assembly,Having considered the report of the Committee on Relations with the Host Country,Recalling article 105 of the Charter of the United Nations, the Convention on the privilegesand immunities of the United Nations, the agreement between the United Nations and the United States of America regarding the headquarters of the United Nations and the responsibility of the host country,Recalling also that, in accordance with paragraph 7 of General Assembly resolution 2819 (XXVI) of 15 December 1971, the Committee should consider, and advise the host country on, issues arising in connection with the implementation of the Agreement between the United Nations and the United States of America regarding the headquarters of the United Nations,Recognizing that effective measures should continue to be taken by the competent authorities of the host country, in particular to prevent any acts violating the security of missions and the safety of their personnel,1. Endorses the recommendations and conclusions of the Committee on Relations with the Host Country contained in paragraph 86 of its report;2. Considers that the maintenance of appropriate conditions for the normal work of the delegations and the missions accredited to the United Nations and the observance of their privileges and immunities,which is and issue of great importance, are in the interest of the United Nations and allMember States, and requests the host country to continue to solve, trough negotiations, problems that might arise and to take all measures necessary to prevent any interference with the functioningof missions; and urges the host country to continue to take appropriate action, such as trainingof police, security, customs and border control officers, with a view to maintaining respect for diplomatic privileges and immunities and if violations occur to ensure that such cases are properly investigated and remedied, in accordance with applicable law;3. Notes the problems experienced by some permanent missions in connection with the implementationof the Parking Programme for Diplomatic Vehicles and shall remain seized of the matter,with a view to continuing to maintain the proper implementation of the Parking Programme in a manner that is fair, non-discriminatory, effective and therefore consistent with international law, and also notes the decision of the Committee to conduct another review of the implementation of the Programme during the sixty-first session of the General Assembly and, subject to its outcome, will proceed accordingly;大家一起来模联东北一狂人著234. Requests the host country to consider removing the remaining travel restrictions, notes that during the reporting period some travel restrictions previously imposed by the host country on staffof certain missions and staff members of the Secretariat of certain nationalities were removed, and,in this regard, notes the positions of affected States as reflected in the report of the Committee, of the Secretary General and of the host country;6. Notes that a number of delegations have requested shortening the time frame applied by the hostcountry for issuance of entry visas to representatives of Member States, since this time frame posesdifficulties for the full-fledged participation of Member States in United Nations meetings;7. Expresses its appreciation for the efforts made by the host country, and hopes that the issues raised at the meetings of the Committee will continue to be resolved in a spirit of cooperation and inaccordance with international law;8. Affirms the importance of the Committee in being in a position to fulfill its mandate and meet on a short notice to deal with urgent and important matters concerning the relations between the United Nations and the host country, and in that connection requests the Secretariat and the Committeeon Conferences to accord priority to requests of the Committee on the Relations with theHost Country for conference-servicing facilities for meetings of that Committee that must be held while the General Assembly and its main committees are meeting, without prejudice to the requirementof those bodies and on an "as available" basis;9. Requests the Secretary General to remain actively engaged in all aspects of the relations of the United Nations with the host country.4. 修正案（取材2008 年复旦模联）FriendlyAmendmenttoDraftResolution1.1(Sample)Sponsor: Peru, Ecuador, PanamaSignatories: U.S.A., Japan, San Marino, South Africa, Panama, Guinea-Bissau, Greece.In the point ”El Nino”, Peru and some of the South America countries would like to modifications the item (a) in point 2:Change the sentence “Modifications of a nnual fishery investment, according to the estimation fromthe monitoring system.” into “Modifications of annual domestic industry investment, according tothe estimation from the monitoring system.”5. 危机文件Draft Directive 4.1Committee: Executive Council of Organization of Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Sponsors: United Kingdom, USASignatories: Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Italy24The OPCW,1. Requests the governments of India and Pakistan to fully cooperate with the OPCW in the following:a. Find our the modus operandi of the terrorist groups; such as JeM in acquiring chemical materials;b. Allowing full-fledged inspections of the region of Kashmir, where chemical materials are suspected to have been tested.2. Urges cooperation among security and intelligence related bodies to prevent terrorist attacks that involve chemical agents.。

mun文件写作讲解

代表: 代表:张宇飞学校: 学校:闵行中学国家: 国家:厄里特尼亚委员会: 委员会:联合国经济和社会发展理事会议题: 议题:金融危机后的国际合作最近,世界被金融危机的阴影所笼罩,随之而来的便是大批人员的失业.而全球性的失业会引起很多社会问题及部分国家的政局动荡,失业的大批出现会增加犯罪,影响社会安定,甚至索马里海盗猖獗的背后也有高失业率的阴影.因此,金融危机所带来的挑战是不容忽视的. 随着金融风暴的席卷,非洲地区国家也面临着前所未有的挑战.如今,世界经济进入萧条期,作为非洲发展动力之一的出口将大幅减少;此外,有些迹象表明发达国家正在考虑减少对非洲援助.而此些事件将导致非洲整体经济发展的速度下降甚至恶化. 厄里特尼亚认为,金融危机是一场世界性灾难,要想真正摆脱危机,加强国际间的金融合作是至关重要的.世界各国应密切关注国际经济形势的变化,以更加积极的态度,参与到缓解金融危机的国际合作中来.并希望世界各国可以把国际合作的顺利进行放在最重要的位置,不要放弃并增大对非洲的援助,尽自己最大努力把金融危机的损失减到最小. 对于金融风暴,世界各国已在两次金融峰会上就合作应对国际金融危机,加强金融监管,推进国际金融体系改革等问题达成一系列共识,并纷纷提出稳定金融的举措. 不可否认,这些行动在目前国际经济发展中已经初见成效. 厄里特尼亚认为,要想把金融危机的损失减到最小,需要发达国家和发展中国家的共同努力:
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D. 序言性条款以动词序言性条款以动词ING形式单词开头,首词斜体,段落逗号结尾形式单词开头, 形式单词开头首词斜体, E. 行动性条款主要列举具体举措建议(每一个举措一句话) 行动性条款主要列举具体举措建议(每一个举措一句话) F. 要有逻辑顺序(内在逻辑顺序以 ,2,3;A,B,C;a,b,c ……分清要有逻辑顺序(内在逻辑顺序以1, , ; ; 分清局次) 局次) G. 行动性条款以动词第三人称单数单词开头,首词斜体,段落分号行动性条款以动词第三人称单数单词开头,首词斜体, 结尾 H. 最后条款以句号结尾 4. 小帖士 . A. 附议一份DR不代表赞同其观点,附议一份DR只表示你所代表的附议一份不代表赞同其观点,附议一份只表示你所代表的不代表赞同其观点国家认为此DR有讨论的必要国家认为此有讨论的必要 B. DR要求语法准确,语言流畅,用词用句官方正式要求语法准确, 要求语法准确语言流畅, C. 条款要能解决大多数争端

MUN文件范例

立场文件范例代表：*** *** *** ***国家：厄里特尼亚委员会：联合国经济和社会发展理事会议题：金融危机后的国际合作最近，世界被金融危机的阴影所笼罩，随之而来的便是大批人员的失业。

而全球性的失业会引起很多社会问题及部分国家的政局动荡，失业的大批出现会增加犯罪，影响社会安定，甚至索马里海盗猖獗的背后也有高失业率的阴影。

因此，金融危机所带来的挑战是不容忽视的。

随着金融风暴的席卷，非洲地区国家也面临着前所未有的挑战。

如今，世界经济进入萧条期，作为非洲发展动力之一的出口将大幅减少；此外，有些迹象表明发达国家正在考虑减少对非洲援助。

而此些事件将导致非洲整体经济发展的速度下降甚至恶化。

厄里特尼亚认为，金融危机是一场世界性灾难，要想真正摆脱危机，加强国际间的金融合作是至关重要的。

世界各国应密切关注国际经济形势的变化，以更加积极的态度，参与到缓解金融危机的国际合作中来。

并希望世界各国可以把国际合作的顺利进行放在最重要的位置，不要放弃并增大对非洲的援助，尽自己最大努力把金融危机的损失减到最小。

对于金融风暴，世界各国已在两次金融峰会上就合作应对国际金融危机，加强金融监管，推进国际金融体系改革等问题达成一系列共识，并纷纷提出稳定金融的举措。

不可否认，这些行动在目前国际经济发展中已经初见成效。

厄里特尼亚认为，要想把金融危机的损失减到最小，需要发达国家和发展中国家的共同努力：对于发达国家：建立并完善国际间的互助体系成效，使发达国家对发展中国家的援助更为有效，从而使世界经济能更快的恢复增长，是发展中国家也能在金融危机下持续发展。

抵制贸易保护主义，放低市场门槛，避免贸易壁垒的出现，从而扩大双边贸易规模，刺激全球经济的快速发展。

改善现有的金融体系，构建一个更有力更具全球一致性的国际储备体系，创建一种能长期保持稳定的国际储备货币。

加强金融监管合作，防止金融危机所带来的一系列社会问题。

提高发展中国家在世行中的股份比，以增加低收入国家在其中的发言权。

模拟联合国大会(MUN)立场文件范文

下文是模拟联合国大会（MUN）立场文件范文，以2007年伊朗核问题为例。

因为曾在个人博客公开过，所以网上会有一些流传，不过这里是我最近进行修改的版本。

修改的时候，我十分感慨，2007年的夏天我还在上大一，一群小伙伴怀着对国际政治专业的热爱，白手起家，在学校创办第一届模拟联合国大会，至今已7年有余。

你们购买的范文，即是当年模联优秀代表所写的立场文件。

立场文件代表：××××××国家：美利坚合众国委员会：安全理事会议题：伊朗核问题自20世纪80年代以来，伊朗就开始以“和平利用核能”为掩护，秘密发展核武器。

2003年，伊朗宣布提炼出浓缩铀，距离成功研制核武器更近了一步。

2004年，伊朗迫于国际社会强大压力暂时中止铀浓缩活动，但在2006年1月又悍然重启铀浓缩活动，并且屡次威胁退出《不扩散核武器条约》，不断向生产核武器的危险边缘迫近。

2007年4月9日，伊朗官方承认已经开始向3000台离心机输送铀气体，并称伊朗目前已具备工业规模生产铀浓缩燃料的能力。

伊朗提升核燃料生产能力这一行为，是对联合国安理会决议的公然挑衅。

伊朗不透明、不友善的核活动，已经严重威胁到邻国的国家主权与领土完整，威胁到地区稳定与安全，威胁到中东无核化进程与世界和平。

美国认为，安理会通过有效、有力、及时的关于伊朗核问题的决议是十分必要的。

美国作为联合国安理会常任理事国，作为一个拥有核力量的负责任的国家，对于处理地区性核危机拥有丰富的经验。

在伊朗核问题上，美国的立场与世界大多数爱好和平的国家保持一致，即：坚决反对伊朗以任何形式、任何名义研制和开发涉及核能的军用技术，对于任何试图借核技术研究威胁地区稳定与世界和平的企图予以谴责；强烈要求伊朗以公开、透明、坦诚的态度接受联合国相关机构的核查，鼓励并建议包括伊朗在内的世界各国为中东地区无核化的和平进程做出努力。

美国曾经投票支持联合国1696、1737、1747号决议，并积极参与了有关六国就伊朗核问题进行的协商，美国愿在此基础上与安理会各国就伊朗核问题共同协商，寻求合理的解决方案。

模拟联合国

模拟联合国（Model United Nations）简称MUN是模仿联合国及相关的国际机构，依据其运作方式和议事原则，围绕国际上的热点问题召开的会议。

青年学生们扮演不同国家的外交官，作为各国代表，参与到“联合国会议”当中。

代表们遵循大会规则，在会议主席团的主持下，通过演讲阐述“自己国家”的观点，为了“自己国家”的利益进行辩论、游说，他们与友好的国家沟通协作，解决冲突；他们讨论决议草案，促进国际合作；他们在“联合国”的舞台上，充分发挥自己的才能。

主要流程模拟联合国对青年学生的吸引不仅在于其别具风格的形式更在于其真实的对于联合国规则的模拟。

在模拟联合国大会当中，参会学生将会根据特定的会议规则对某一议题进行演讲、辩论、磋商，形成书面文件，寻找解决方案。

模拟联合国主要通过语言交流和书面文件两套方式进行问题解决。

语言方面通常会经过点名后加入主发言名单（Speaker's list）→有组织核心磋商（Moderated Caucus）→自由磋商（Unmoderated Caucus）→主发言名单（Speaker's list）这样一个循环，关于议题（topic）中某一问题不断深入的进行交流讨论。

书面文件通常会经过立场文件（Position Paper）→工作文件（Working Paper）→决议案草案（Draft Resolution）→修正案（Amendment）→决议案（Resolution）的一个单向流程。

立场文件是表明一个国家对某一议题基本立场和看法的文件，要求每个参会代表在会议召开前提交。

工作文件是通过对一个阶段会议的主要成果的整理而成，通常集结了一个或多个国家集团的主要观点。

决议草案是对一个议题的解决方案的初步解决方案。

修正案是对决议草案中的不足之处进行的修正。

Position Paper（在正式PP中不用写出来）Delegate: XXXSchool: XXXXXCountry: United KingdomCommittee: ECOSOCTopic A: International Migration（如果有两个议题，则会在大会上先投票选择什么议题再进行磋商。

MUN基础小知识

模联（MUN）规则流程、文件写作全教程A.立场文件(Positon Paper)立场文件（简称PP）就是在会前写的表达自己国家在这个议题上的立场报告。

要写好立场，需要做的调查和研究是最难的。

你需要搜集各种资料，并且联系你所代表的国家（或者人物）的背景，然后才能确定你的立场等等。

1.作用：（1）对你：了解别国立场；早期正式发言的主要参照材料，有的代表正式辩论看是时上去就直接读他们立场文件了。

当然后期就不行了，需要根据会议的进程做更改。

（2）对别国：了解你的立场（3）对各国：确定国家间是否具有共同的目标和利益等等，是否有可能进行协商和合作。

2.格式：（1）开头左上角写以下内容：代表姓名（delegates）代表来自的学校名(school)国家名(country)所在委员会(committee)议题(topic)（2）然后空一两行接着写正文就可以了3. 正文通常内容：1第一部分：简要陈述议题，并说明代表国认为该议题对于整个国际社会所具有的重要性。

第二部分：简介及评价该问题联合国所采取过的措施和成效。

第三部分：对于该议题代表国所持有的立场、态度。

可包括与该国相关的国内事物和外交政策，以及在过去的国际工作中所支持过的决议。

第四部分：代表国对委员会的建议，课包括代表国认为有效可行的解决措施，以及国际社会应当担当的角色。

B.会议流程1.点名(Roll Call)：主席助理会按国家名字的第一个英文字母的顺序依次点，被点到的国家举国家牌(Placard)答“present(到)”。

一次大会(conference)的每一次小会(session)都需要重新点名，比如上午开会点一次，下午重新开会就需要再点一次，因为有的代表可能会缺席，也有可能来新人。

点名的作用是确定到场人数从而确定多数票是多少（多数票就是文件，动议等通过需要的票数）。

多数票分为两种：2/3 多数（英文two-thirds majority）和简单多数（又名50%多数，英文是simple majority）。

memo英文作文格式范文

memo英文作文格式范文英文：Memo。

To: All staff。

From: [Your name]Subject: Changes to company policy。

Date: [Today’s date]Dear all,。

I am writing to inform you of some changes to the company policy that will be implemented from next month. These changes will affect all employees and it is important that you are aware of them.Firstly, we will be introducing a new dress code policy. This means that all employees are expected to dress in a professional manner when they are at work. This includes wearing appropriate attire such as suits, dresses, andsmart casual clothing. Please refer to the new policy document for further details.Secondly, there will be a change to the company’s working hours. From next month, all employees will be required to work an additional hour each day. This meansthat the new working hours will be from 9am to 6pm. This change has been made to ensure that we can provide a better service to our clients.Finally, there will be a new policy regarding the useof company equipment. All employees are reminded that company equipment should only be used for work-related purposes. Any personal use of company equipment is strictly prohibited.Please take the time to read the new policy documents carefully and ensure that you understand the changes thatare being made. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to speak to your manager.Thank you for your cooperation.Best regards,。

memo范文英文模板(优选8篇)

memo范文英文模板(优选8篇)memo范文英文模板第4篇memo范文英文模板第7篇除了明确写作memo的目的，选择正确的受众也特别重要。

首先，要确保接收到memo的人都是真正需要阅读memo的人。

假如仅是涉及一个人的事情，就不要把memo发给整个办公室。

另外，要确保放到memo中的材料不要过于敏感，假如信息过于敏感，最好采纳面对面的沟通或者打电话。

Memo最适合发给少量至中等数量的人来沟通公司或工作目标。

Memo的组成部分1、Heading Segment标题部分DATE：（complete and current date）当下的时间SUBJECT：（what the memo is about,highlighted in some way）memo 的主题留意事项：要使用正确的全名和职位名称来称呼memo的阅读者。

避开仅使用名字或者不正式的日常称呼。

标题要详细而简洁。

例如，“Clothes”就太过于空泛，“Fall Clothes Line Promotion”就能让人一目了然，了解这篇memo的主题。

2、Opening Segment开篇部分Memo的首段通常是用来表明这篇memo的目的，包括memo的目的、简要的背景、问题以及详细的任务安排介绍。

阐明memo的目的能够关心读者了解阅读这份文件的缘由。

首段介绍要简洁，一般是一个短的段落的长度。

3、Context背景背景指的是某个大事、环境或者你正在解决的问题的背景。

你可以用一段或者几句话来阐述背景和问题，但通常使用一句话的开头部分来解释背景就足够了，例如：“Through market research and analysis…”4、Task Segment任务部分一篇memo的关键部分之一就是对任务的陈述。

在任务陈述部分，你应当描述你正在做什么来关心解决问题。

假如行动是被要求的，你的任务陈述部分应当用类似这样的句子开头：“You asked that I look at…”假如你想解释你的意图，可以这样说：“To determine the best method of promoting the new fall line,I will….”留意任务陈述部分只需包含决策者需要的信息，同时要让人信任的确有问题存在。

模联立场文件范文

模联立场文件范文背景介绍模拟联合国（Model United Nations，简称MUN）是一种模拟联合国会议的活动，旨在通过模拟联合国会议的形式，让参与者了解国际关系、国际法、国际组织等方面的知识，提高参与者的辩论能力、协商能力和领导能力。

在模联活动中，各个代表国家或组织需要撰写立场文件，表达自己的观点和立场。

本文将提供一份模联立场文件的范文，供参考。

立场文件范文国家/组织名称中华人民共和国会议名称联合国气候变化框架公约第二十六次缔约方大会（COP26）会议主题加强全球气候行动，实现《巴黎协定》目标重点观点1.加强国际合作，共同应对气候变化挑战。

2.坚持共同但有区别的责任原则，推动发达国家履行应对气候变化的历史责任。

3.倡导绿色低碳发展，促进经济可持续发展。

立场说明尊敬的主席先生/女士，各位代表：中华人民共和国高度重视气候变化问题，认为全球气候变化是人类面临的共同挑战，需要各国共同应对。

我们坚信，只有通过国际合作，才能有效应对气候变化挑战，实现全球气候治理的目标。

中方认为，应对气候变化是全球性问题，需要各国共同努力。

发达国家应该履行应对气候变化的历史责任，为发展中国家提供资金、技术和能力建设支持，帮助发展中国家加强应对气候变化的能力。

同时，发展中国家也应该加强自身的应对能力，积极参与国际合作，共同推动全球气候治理进程。

中方倡导绿色低碳发展，积极推进经济可持续发展。

我们将加大投入，推动清洁能源、节能减排等领域的技术创新和应用，促进经济转型升级，实现经济、社会和环境的协同发展。

最后，中方呼吁各国加强沟通和协调，共同应对气候变化挑战，推动全球气候治理进程，为人类的未来和地球的可持续发展作出贡献。

谢谢主席先生/女士，谢谢各位代表。

结语以上是一份模联立场文件的范文，仅供参考。

在模联活动中，立场文件的撰写需要结合具体的会议主题和代表国家/组织的实际情况，充分表达自己的观点和立场。

希望本文能够对模联活动的参与者提供一定的帮助。

MUN所有文件写作指导以及范文

MUN所有文件写作指导以及范文（PP，WP，DR，SC）模联会议之立场文件（Position paper）立场文件是表达某个国家或组织在某个特定议题上的立场概要的文件。

它在会议进行前就需要提交，以供代表互相了解立场，更有针对性地准备会议。

在会议中，它也可作为代表正式发言的主要的参照材料。

一、立场文件的内容一份出色的立场文件应该有理有据、语言精准，并且鲜明、准确、有力地阐述本国针对某一议题的立场。

广而言之，立场文件顾名思义，就是阐述本国的立场；具体来讲，一份出色的立场文件需要包含以下方面的内容：本国在该议题中的基本立场与态度；本国赞成及签署的与该议题相关的国际协议，本国参与的与该议题相关的国际合作和行动；本国与该议题的相关程度，对于解决该问题在国内曾经采取过的重要行动、通过的重要法案；本国对于解决该问题所提出的相关建议（包括国内措施和国际行动）；本国领导人及政要发表的有关该议题的重要讲话；本国在该议题中的相关利益总结及立场底线总结。

为了进一步说明立场文件中所应包含的具体内容，下面将举一实例，如裁军与国际安全委员会（Disarmament and International Security Committee）的英国（United Kingdom）代表在写作关于反对恐怖主义的国际合作（International Cooperation in Counter-Terrorism）这一议题的立场文件时，应该包含以下的具体内容：英国对于恐怖主义问题的态度，对于国际反恐合作的基本立场；英国赞成和签署的国际反恐合作条约，英国所参与的国际反恐合作行动；英国国内的恐怖主义活动情况以及英国政府所采取的相关措施、为应对反恐所通过的相关法律；英国认为国际社会应该如何解决恐怖主义问题，对于国际反恐合作的具体建议；英国领导人在正式场合所发表的关于国际反恐的发言和基本立场表态；国际反恐合作与英国国家利益的相关程度，英国对反恐问题的立场底线。

MUN

Country: CanadaCommittee:Topic A:[1]简要阐述议题，并说明代表国认为这个议题对于其本国家以及整个国际社会所具有的重要性。

[2]代表国所持有的立场、态度。

可以包括该国与此相关的国内事务和外交政策，以及在过去的国际合作中所支持过的决议等。

[3]对于该问题联合国所采取过的主要措施，代表国持怎样的态度。

[4]代表国对联合国的建议，包括代表国认为有效可行的解决措施，以及国际社会应担当的角色。

[5]立场文件不需要太长，一般一页A4纸的篇幅即可。

注意：在立场文件里应该要涵盖关于代表国立场和议题本身两方面的内容，两者不可偏废。

Global WarmingThere is little doubt that the planet is warming. Over the last century, the planets temperature has risen by around 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.6 of a degree celsius). The warmest since the mid 1800’s was the 1990s. The hottest years recorded were 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003.全球变暖毫无疑问，地球正在变暖。

在过去的世纪里，行星温度上升了大约华氏1度（摄氏0.6度的一个）。

1800年中期以来的最热烈的是20世纪90年代。

记录的最热的年份是1997，1998，2001，2002，2003。

The United Nations panel on climate change projects that the global temperatures will rise 3-10 degrees fahrenheit by the century’s end - enough to have the polar caps all but melted. If the ice caps melt, a vast majority of our countries borders will be under water. Monuments and great buildings, as well as homes and lives will be under water, including New York City. 联合国关于气候变化项目小组指出，全球气温将上升3-9度，由本世纪结束飞轮海 - 足有极地的所有，但融化。

MUN文件的写作

在原文中包括三个议题分别的立场文件，这里只节选了一个议题。
第一部分：标题立场文件的标题必须按要求列出：
Country School
国家名称（全称）学校名称
Committee
委员会名称
Font Size Style
字体为 New Times Roma 10 or 12 注意斜体和加粗
代表国家代表学校委员会名称注意斜体和加粗
纲领性文件对议题的初步分析指出问题的现状分析问题的影响
International Tobacco and Narcotics Control
The Republic of Guatemala is party to the 1961 United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 1972 Protocol amending the Single Convention, the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances and the 1988 UN Drug Convention and recognizes international tobacco and narcotics control warrants improvement and continued vigilance. Maintaining strict border regulation is paramount to a continued decrease in the amount of illicitly transported substances. Drugs erode the social fabric of a country by destroying an individual’s ability to reason, act logically, and exist independently of addiction. Drug smuggling profits are used to finance terror operations including governmental corruption, murder, and intimidation which all pose a tangible threat to national security.

模拟联合国作文怎么写英语

模拟联合国作文怎么写英语Introduction:The Model United Nations (MUN) is an educational simulation of the United Nations where students can learn about diplomacy, international relations, and the United Nations agenda. Writing an essay for MUN requires a deep understanding of the assigned country's stance, the issue at hand, and the ability to present a well-structured argument. This essay will guide you through the process of writing a compelling MUN essay in English.1. Understanding the Assignment:Begin by thoroughly reading the background guide provided for your assigned country and the specific topic. Understand the key issues, historical context, and the country'sposition on the matter.2. Research:Conduct extensive research on the topic. Look for official documents, speeches, and statements made by the country's representatives to the UN. This will help you align your essay with the country's actual policies and perspectives.3. Outline the Structure:Organize your thoughts and create an outline. A typical MUN essay should include:- Introduction: State the issue and your country's position.- Background: Provide context and explain the significance of the issue.- Arguments: Present your country's arguments, backed by evidence and examples.- Solutions: Propose solutions or policies that your country supports.- Conclusion: Summarize your country's stance andreiterate the importance of the issue.4. Writing the Introduction:Start with a strong introduction that clearly states the topic and your country's viewpoint. This sets the tone for the rest of the essay.5. Developing the Background:Provide a brief history of the issue, highlighting key events and developments. This section should demonstrate your understanding of the topic and its relevance to your assigned country.6. Presenting Arguments:Use this section to detail your country's arguments. Each argument should be clear, concise, and supported by evidence. Be sure to cite your sources to enhance credibility.7. Proposing Solutions:Offer solutions that align with your country's interests and values. These should be realistic and actionable, showing that your country is committed to addressing the issue.8. Concluding the Essay:End with a strong conclusion that reinforces yourcountry's stance and the importance of the issue. You may also include a call to action for other nations to join in the effort.9. Proofreading and Editing:Carefully proofread your essay for grammatical errors, clarity, and coherence. Ensure that your arguments are logically presented and that your essay flows well.10. Formatting and Citations:Adhere to the formatting guidelines provided by your MUN conference. Properly cite all sources using a consistent citation style.Conclusion:Writing a Model United Nations essay is an opportunity to engage with complex global issues and to advocate for your assigned country's interests. By following these steps, you can craft a well-argued, informative, and persuasive essay that contributes to the MUN debate.。

模拟联合国英语小作文模板

模拟联合国英语小作文模板Title: Model United Nations English Short Essay Template。

Introduction:Model United Nations (MUN) is a simulation of the United Nations where students take on the role of delegates from different countries and debate on various global issues. It is an educational experience that allows students to learn about international relations, diplomacy, and the United Nations itself. In this essay, we will discuss the structure and format of a typical MUN conference and provide a template for writing a short essay on the topic.Structure of a Model United Nations Conference:A typical MUN conference is organized by a group of students or a school, and it usually involves students fromdifferent schools and countries. The conference begins with an opening ceremony, during which the Secretary-General and other key organizers give speeches to welcome the delegates. After the opening ceremony, the delegates are divided into different committees, such as the General Assembly,Security Council, and various specialized agencies. Each committee is assigned specific topics to debate and resolutions to draft.During the committee sessions, delegates engage in debates, negotiations, and lobbying to address the issuesat hand. They work together to draft resolutions that propose solutions to the problems being discussed. The conference concludes with a closing ceremony, during which the resolutions are voted on and awards are given to outstanding delegates and delegations.Template for Writing a Short Essay on Model United Nations:1. Introduction:Start with a brief introduction to MUN and its significance in educating students about global issues and diplomacy.Mention the purpose of the essay and provide an overview of the points to be discussed.2. Background Information:Provide some background information about the United Nations and its role in addressing global challenges.Explain the concept of MUN and its objectives in simulating the UN.3. Personal Experience:Share your personal experience of participating in a Model United Nations conference.Discuss the country or committee you represented and the topics you debated.4. Skills Developed:Highlight the skills and knowledge you gained from participating in MUN, such as public speaking, negotiation, research, and teamwork.Discuss how these skills are valuable for your personal and academic development.5. Impact on Global Awareness:Explain how MUN has influenced your understanding of global issues and the role of international organizationsin addressing them.Discuss the importance of promoting global awareness and cooperation among young people.6. Conclusion:Summarize the key points discussed in the essay.Emphasize the value of MUN in promoting global citizenship and fostering a deeper understanding of international relations.Conclusion:Model United Nations is an invaluable educational tool that enables students to learn about international diplomacy, global issues, and the United Nations. By participating in MUN conferences, students develop essential skills and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them. The template provided in this essay can serve as a guide for writing a short essay on the topic, and it can be adapted to suit different perspectives and experiences. Overall, MUN plays a crucial role in shaping the next generation of global citizens and leaders.。

MUN 文件书写 (中英文)

•Friendly Amendment •Unfriendly Amendment 20% •Unfriendly---Vote after the close of the debate and vote on items •No amendment for unfriendly amendment
•Change the word “immediately” to “gradually” in operative clauses, No. 6. •Delete the operative clause No. 7. •Add as the final operative clause: Decides to remain seized of the matter.
•Make it easy and clear, avoid grammar mistakes •No document can solve problems all •Don't mark the number •No distribution without director's permission •No withdraw after permission
MUN中的文件写作 Files W源自iting in MUNMUN 中的文件
• 背景材料Background Guide • 立场文件Position Paper • 工作文件Working Paper • 决议草案Draft Resolution • 修正案Amendment • 决议Resolution
•Sponsors------totally agree on the DR, sign DR once • no rights to raise any amendment to its DR

mun规则

mun规则.txt 《通用教程》根据《泛珠江三角洲模拟联合国通用流程与规则公约》写成，可视为等同于《公约》所言之“通用规则”，即《公约》第七章第七条第一款所述者，但有相左之处以《公约》所述者为准。

当《公约》缔约方或伙伴组织需引用“通用规则”时，《通用教程》可作为引用本。

对于《公约》未作规定者，秘书处在不违反自主原则及《公约》精神的前提下，对该情况可作出建议，并于每个文段前注明。

但秘书处建议不代表，也不强制为会议主办方规定，相左时以会议主办方规定为准。

《通用教程》于每个专有词语后附加英文对应词，另附中英文对照表于后。

《通用教程》仅对常规委员会的会议作规定，《公约》本身明文鼓励对模联规则的创新，因此《通用规则》并非束缚模联活动的发展，只是对刚刚接触模联的各位模联人作一个前期性、基础性的介绍与培训。

除非《公约》审议大会有特殊要求，否则《通用规则》应由秘书处在征得执行秘书同意后修改，征得其认可后发布。

【壹】专有名词解释本部分仅对一些名词作词义解释，不等于介绍该名词（或行为）的作用、使用方式等，该介绍具体参见其他部分。

一、会议的组成专有名词解释主席团主持会议的机关，包括主席、会议指导、会议助理等主席主持会议的主要人员，主席团首脑会议指导审理文件、回复意向条、解释说明等的主要人员会议助理记录会议、统计相关数据等的主要人员国际法主体国家、国际组织、民族解放组织（如联合国承认的“巴勒斯坦”），在模联会议中一般以“国家”代称之代表一个国际法主体于本次会议中的全权代表会务人员负责意向条传递、文件发放等会务工作的人员委员会本次会议所属的框架，决定了会议的职权、规则及工作重心议题本次会议所应讨论的话题理事国组成该委员会的国际法主体，对所有事务都有表决权观察国受邀参加本次会议的其他国际法主体，对程序性事务有表决权出席国理事国与观察国相加的全体其余与会人员除主席团、代表、会务人员以外的其余人员一般性辩论会议主体阶段之一，也是会议的主体部分投票会议主体阶段之一，一般性辩论结束后进入，表决决议草案危机一般情况下为事态性危机的代称程序性危机一般指“严重程序性危机”，即触发“百分之二十原则”（或称“隐形原则”）的情况，具体由【贰】部说明事态性危机指以事态发展的形式进行的危机，一般由主办发确定危机状态会议的特殊阶段，事态性危机由主席团裁决是否进入，程序性危机在主席团承认执行“百分之二十原则”的前提下不需裁决二、规则用词专有名词解释简单多数在有投票权者的50%的基础上，不为整数则补齐，为则加一三分之二多数也称“绝对多数”，在有投票权者的三分之二的基础上，不为整数则补齐，为则加一百分之二十此处特指会议助理所统计者，即出席国的百分之二十正式发言名单由主席团随机点取有意愿发言国家所产生的名单正式发言一般性辩论的主体部分，按正式发言名单进行让渡发言国代表结束正式发言后，需进入的会议阶段动议在特定会议阶段可进行的一种会议行为程序性动议包括更改正式发言时间、休会、关闭正式发言名单等有主持核心磋商就会议议题下针对某分议题作有规定时长与席位的发言自由磋商通过后可下位进行自由洽谈的动议问题一种一般性的会议行为，可以口头或书面方式提出离席抗议为展示外交姿态所采取的严厉会议行为，俗称“罢会”序言性条款条款主动词为无实质作用者（如关注、认识、强调等）行动性条款条款主动词为有实质作用者（如要求、敦促、责令等）娱乐性动议受《公约》保护（《公约》第七章第二十五条第二款）的针对主席团或出众代表作娱乐行为的动议，提出不受时间、地点限制，享有任何规则不得阻挠其表决或进行的特权，以鼓掌形式通过三、意向条及文件专有名词解释意向条会议期间用于纸质交流沟通的工具，格式及内容自由立场文件包括标题、委员会、议题、国家、代表及内容，该内容无格式要求，以阐述本国立场为主，于会前提交工作文件包括标题、委员会、议题、起草国及内容，该内容无格式要求，以总结及提出建议为主，工作文件于会中提交并经审批后展示指令草案包括标题、委员会、议题、起草国、附议国及内容，该起草国及附议国相加的总数需大于或等于出席国的20%，该内容仅为行动性条款，指令草案于事态性危机状态下的会议中提交并经审批后展示及表决决议草案包括标题、委员会、议题、起草国、附议国及内容，该起草国及附议国相加的总数需大于或等于出席国的20%，该内容需含序言性及行动性条款，指令草案于非危机状态下的会议中提交并经审批后展示及表决友好修正案包括标题、委员会、议题、起草国及内容，该议题为对其修正对象（决议草案或指令草案）的修正，该起草国需与其修正对象相同，该内容仅为针对文本修改的行动性条款，友好修正案于其修正对象赋予表决前提交并经审批后通报非友好修正案包括标题、委员会、议题、起草国及内容，该议题为对其修正对象（决议草案或指令草案）的修正，该起草国需与其修正对象不同，该内容仅为针对文本修改的行动性条款，非友好修正案于其修正对象赋予表决前提交并经审批后由主席逐条通报并以出席理事国的三分之二多数逐条通过【贰】会议一般情况下，会议包括一般性辩论与投票两个阶段。

模拟联合国(MUN)文件范本之四：序言性条款例句

序言性条款的例句●回顾2005 年11 月30 日大会关于阿富汗局势及其对国际和平与安全的影响和为饱经战祸的阿富汗的和平、正常状态及重建提供紧急国际援助的第60/32A 和B 号决议，特别是提及妇女和儿童状况的内容，又回顾安全理事会关于阿富汗局势的2005 年3 月24 日第1589（2005）号决议和2006 年2 月15 日第1659 （2006）号决议，以及关于妇女与和平与安全问题的2000 年10 月31 日第1325 （2000）号决议，还回顾2005 年7 月21 日经济及社会理事会关于阿富汗妇女和儿童状况的第2005/8 号决议，……●回顾其2000 年7 月28 日第2000/27 号决议，其中重申各国包括通过统计培训努力建设统计能力的重要性以及国际上在这方面对发胀中国家和经济转型国家提供有效支持的重要性，进一步回顾其2005 年7 月22 日第2005/13 号决议，其中注意到2010 年人口和住房普查对满足各国际会议和首脑会议，包括前年首脑会议的后续行动的数据需要至关重要。

●申明许多发挥在发展中国家和经济转型期国家由于没有开展加强和维持统计能力的协调努力，很难有效监视国家及国际商定目标，包括、千年发展目标的进展情况，……●赞扬联合国塞拉利昂综合办事处（联塞综合办）为塞拉利昂冲突后复原及该国的和平、安全等发展作出宝贵贡献，……●采取行动确保订立公正而明确的程序，便于将个人和实体列入制裁名单和将其从名单中删除，以及给予人道主义豁免，……●认识到非洲发展新伙伴的优先事项如同《联合国千年宣言》之间的联系，其中国际社会承诺满足非洲的特别需求，以及需要实现国际商定的发展目标，包括《千年宣言》中列出的目标，……●授权从2007 年1 月1 日至2 月15 日联刚特派团当前任务到期之日，将联刚特派团的兵力增加值916 名军事人员，以便目前在联步行动任务规定下核定的步兵营和军医院继续编入联刚特派团，并表示打算根据秘书长即将提出的建议，在2 月15 日之前进一步研究这个问题，以确保联刚特派团有足够的能力履行任务；……●呼吁加速制定和执行驻地协调员综合问题框架以及驻地协调员考绩工具和程序；……●呼吁各会员国加紧努力强国家统计能力，以便编制可靠和及时的统计和指标，检测：（一）国家发展政策和战略；（二）履行承诺和实现国家、区域和国际各级所有发展目标的情况；……●谴责在武装冲突局势中故意攻击新闻记者，媒体专业人员和相关人员的行为，并呼吁所有当事方终止这种做法；……●决定于2006 年6 月16 日取消人权委员会，……●要求占领国以色列全面遵守《世界人权宣言》各项规定和原则、1907 年10 月18 日《海牙第四公约》所附加条例和1949 年8 月12 日《关于战时保护平民之日内瓦公约》，以保护巴勒斯坦妇女及其家人的权利；……●提示委员会鼓励会员国提供列入综合名单的提名；……●就此强调必须加强卫生部门人道主义反应能力，并呼吁联合国相关实体和所有国家就此进行合作；……●鼓励会员国继续努力进行备灾和减少灾害风险的工作，并鼓励国际社会和联合国相关实体在各自任务授权范围内支持各国在这方面的努力；……。

MUN文件的写作

【绝对有用绝对原创】【 模拟联合国】 立场文件 范文 AIMUN 【MUN】 【毒品问题】 毒品立场

【MUN】模联培训-文件写作

模联文件写作

MUN模拟联合国资料

mun文件写作讲解

MUN文件范例

模拟联合国大会(MUN)立场文件范文

模拟联合国

MUN基础小知识

memo英文作文格式范文

memo范文英文模板(优选8篇)

模联立场文件范文

MUN所有文件写作指导以及范文

MUN

MUN文件的写作

模拟联合国作文怎么写英语

模拟联合国英语小作文模板

MUN 文件书写 (中英文)

mun规则

模拟联合国(MUN)文件范本之四：序言性条款例句

【绝对有用绝对原创】【模拟联合国】立场文件范文 AIMUN 【MUN】【毒品问题】毒品立场