(详细版)直接引语变间接引语

4.直接引语是祈使句
间接引语应改为 “Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型 。
"Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the studen →She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. “Open the door, please," said she. →She asked him to open the door. The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” →The teacher told the students to stop talking. “Don’t touch anything.” He said. →He told us not to touch anything.
指示代词this, Nhomakorabeathese
时 间 状 语
now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month
The day after tomorrow
地点状语
方向性动词
直接引语变间接引语面面观
一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语 是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中 主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” →She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语 是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主 句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称 ，如：
一般过去时 一般将来时 过去完成时
过去进行时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去将来时 过去完成时
注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 ①直接引语是客观真理。 The teacher said "The earth moves around the sun → The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.
1.She said, “ I often go to the beach on Sunday.”
that she often went She said ______ ______ ______ ______ to the beach … 2. He said to me, “ Are you learning dancing?” asked if I was He _____ me ______ ______ _______ learning dancing. 3. Mr Zhang said, “Light travels faster than sound.” that travels Mr Zhang said _____ light ______ faster than sound. 4. “Where does Linda come from?” she asked. where Linda came She asked ______ ______ ______ from. 5.Our teacher said to us, “ Come to school early.” told to come Our teacher ______ us ______ ______ to school early.
5.直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句
变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）
He said, "Let's go to the movies." →He suggested going to the movies.
He suggested that they should go to see the movies.
come,
here bring go,
there take
直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动词
shall should will should Should（不变） would
would
may might can
Would（不变）
might Might（不变） could
could
must
Could（不变）
He asked her when and where they should meet.
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句
•原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动 词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序
• He said to me，“What's your name?” • He asked me what my name was. • He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” • He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?” → She asked me when they had their dinner. She asked me, "What was Jack doing when I come in?” →She asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.
直接引语
间接引语
that, those then, that day that week the day before the week before four days before two days before the next day the next month
two days later
2.直接引语是一般疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句
•间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said 要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序.
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. He said, "Can you swim, John?“ He asked John if he could swim. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?“ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
Must/had to
四.如何变句型
•1.直接引语是陈述句 •用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词 可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以 说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that.
He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes.“ She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习 惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, “I get up at six every morning。” →He said he gets up at six every morning. ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变 （例：could, should, would, might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” → The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式时， 例： ought to， had better, used to Peter said. "You had better come here today." →Peter said I had better go there that day.
： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?” →He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主 语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要 变化如： Mr Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.” →Mr Smith said Jack was a good boy. 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态； She said: “ I am a student. ” → She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时→过去将来时 She said, "He will go to see his friend.” →She said he would go to see his friend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” → Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.