2018高考英语语法考点归纳总结谓语动词素材[附答案]

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新课程高考英语专题复习考点总结详解版语法专题突破词法篇——动词之非谓语动词

语法专题突破词法篇——动词之非谓语动词〔重温高考〕考向1作宾语或补足语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __looking__(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.解析：考查非谓语动词。

动词avoid后要加doing。

此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。

用looking。

2．(2018·浙江卷)I still remember __visiting__(visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.解析：考查非谓语动词。

此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。

3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __dying__(die) early by running.解析：考查动名词。

你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。

此处of是介词，其后用动名词。

故填dying。

4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __to stay__(stay)and watch. 解析：考查非谓语动词。

固定短语allow sb. to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。

5．(2017·全国Ⅰ)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required __to process__(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.解析：require sth./sb. to do sth.需要某物/某人做某事，此处用其被动语态结构，所以填动词不定式to process作主语补足语。

高三英语语法专项复习——句子结构及成分(附答案)

高三英语语法专项复习句子结构及成分考点1.实义动词、助动词与情态动词实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。

实义动词也叫行为动词。

实义动词指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。

如：He lives quite near. (live“住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词)I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “买”，意义明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词）助动词助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句和倒装句和帮助强调的词。

这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。

⑴帮助构成时态的：The boy is crying.(is 用来构成现在进行时，和crying一起作谓语，是助动词)I have been painting all day. （have been用来帮助构成现在完成进行时，和painting 一起作谓语，是助动词。

）⑵帮助构成否定句和疑问句的：Does he like English? (does帮助构成一般疑问句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)He does n’t have lunch at home. (does只是帮助构成否定句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)⑶帮助构成被动语态的Trees are planted in spring. (are帮助构成被动语态，没有具体意义，是助动词)The house has been pulled down. (has been帮助构成时态和语态，是助动词)⑷帮助构成虚拟语气If he had come yesterday, I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.(had, have帮助构成虚拟语气，是助动词，属于谓语的一部分。

)⑸帮助构成倒装句的So did he love his mother that he bought her many presents on her birthday.(他如此爱他的母亲以至于他母亲生日那一天，他给她买了许多礼物。

【高三英语试题精选】2018年高考英语语法复习题及参考答案

2018年高考英语语法复习题及参考答案---Are you going to try out for the football team? ----- _____【译】——你打算报名加入足球队吗？——看情况而定。

A I can’t say soB Yes, I doC It’s a pleasureD That depends【答案及简析】 D。

try out for报名，申请；that depends 口语，看情况而定。

【2103】 Every boy and every girl _____ to attend the evening party to be held the day after tomorrow【译】每一个男孩和女孩都希望参加后天举行的晚会。

A wishB wishesC is likeD like【答案及简析】 B。

主谓一致问题，every… and every…引导的短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。

【2104】 -----Hois the article you’re reading? -----It’s no more than an average piece It’s ____【译】——你看的这篇如何？——很普通的一篇，给人没什么印象。

A excellentB terribleC attractiveD unimpressive【答案及简析】 D。

no more than = only ，很一般。

【2105】 -----What a pity! I _____ broke the record -----It doesn’t matter Try again next time【译】——真遗憾！我差一点就破了纪录。

——没关系，下次再破嘛。

A alreadyB hardlyC all butD all over【答案及简析】 C。

all but = almost, nearly差一点点，几。

2018高考英语语法考点归纳总结谓语动词素材

高考英语语法：谓语动词总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态:英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在do / doesam / is / are doinghave / has donehave / has been doing过去didwas / were doinghad donehad been doing将来shall / will doshall / will be doingshall / will have doneX如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneX过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been doneX将来shall / will be doneXshall / will have been doneX另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done主动语态在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态一.一般现在时:1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示2.用法:①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作a. It is fine today.b. I am a student.c. I get up at six every day.d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.②.表示客观事实或普遍真理a. Japan is to the east of China.b. The sun rises in the east.c. A horse is a useful animal.③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等a. My train leaves at 6:30.b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.c. I will be away when he arrives.d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.b. There goes the bell.⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.二.现在进行时:1.构成: am / is / are doing2.用法:①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作a. I am writing a letter.b. My mother is making a dress these few days.②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用a. They are going to Shanghai on Frid ay.b. John is coming here next week.③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作a. The little boy is always asking questions.b. You are always saying that sort of thing.④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, ow n, have, be, seem等三.现在完成时:1.构成: have / has done2.用法:①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)c. The concert has started. ( =The concert sta rted and is now going on. )d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语a. I have studied English since 1987.b. He has lived here for two years.c. He has been ill for ten days.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用a. She has already come.b. I have met him before.c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?e. I have seen him this morning.四.现在完成进行时:1.构成: have / has been doing2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)3.用法:①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止a. I h ave been reading the book all the morning.b. He has been staying here for two hours.c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信 (强调结果)b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信 (强调一直在写)c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调读过这一结果)d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书 (强调一直在读)。

【思维导图破解高考英语语法】谓语动词与非谓语动词(附专练与答案)

非谓语动词知识网络精题精练一、单句语法填空（一）非谓语作主语、表语1．The cart got (stick)in the mud, but the farmer made no effort to get it out. 2．His new idea was (make)the shell shapes on the roof into the shape of a ball.3．But conservationists say that (make) ivory legal to sell would lead to even more illegal hunting.4．As time is pressing, I think (take) a taxi is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.5．It is not necessary (bargain) on this small amount.6．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain (seat)as the plane was making a landing.（二）非谓语作宾语1．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (catch).2．The man insisted on (find)a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. 3．According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week (watch)TV. 4．Isn’t it time you got down to(mark)the papers?5．They're helping us to become calm and consider (win)and solving real problems as well.6．Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail (enjoy)the coffee.（三）非谓语作定语1．There are still many problems (solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.2．At the 41st session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee (hold) in Poland, Hoh Xil was approved as a new world heritage site, becoming the 51st world heritage site in China. 3．This site reports science news (cover)a wide range of subjects.4．The museum, (locate)next to the Wuzhen scenic spot, covers an area of5,000 square meters.5．There are always lots of people in the street, and there is always something (see)or do. 6．A lake is an area of water ________(surround) by land.（四）非谓语作状语1．But by 1955, the paintings were beginning to become difficult (see).2．She first came across this phenomenon while (research)North American children living in India.3．(compare)with the western medicine's high fees, TCM has a reasonable price that ordinary people can afford.4．A total of 400,000 tons of steel were used in the project, equal to 60 times the steel used (build)the Eiffel Tower.5．Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package and tried it on,only (find)it didn’t fit. 6．David has done good deeds all his life, ________ (earn) him much reputation.（五）非谓语作补语1．Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists (find)previously hidden stars.2．During the Qin dynasty,to keep the enemy out, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls (join)up.3．The robot is powered by a battery on its back, which can keep it (operate)for an hour. 4．Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.5．With her energy ________ (fix) on the research on AIDS, Mrs. Mason can not spare much time with her family.二、单句语法改错1．Now I want to tell you an impressive story happen in my first lesson. 2．Besides, being an exchange student offered me a chance improve my English. 3．Arrived home, I almost forgot my tiredness.4．With the College Entrance Examination draw near, I was filled with great anxiety. 5．The moment Lang stepped into the stadium,nobody could stay seating.6．They were playing instead of just do their morning exercise on the grass.7．No matter how many times I asked to watching cartoons, my parents would not let me. 8．One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue.9．I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lay across the middle.10．When combining properly, the five elements form a perfect system which almost works for every company.真题实战一、单句语法填空1．(2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your (ache) legs.2．(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空） It is possible (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 3．(2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）After (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!4．(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Minimize the impact of (visit) the place. 5．(2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）Activities there range from whale watching to hiking （远足）and accommodations aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment.6．（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over (plant) flowers in the front yard.7．(2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.8．(2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）This may be due to some disadvantages for people (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.9．(2021·天津卷单选） China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.A．to extend B． extended C． extending D． being extended10．(2020·新课标I语法填空)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board Chang’e-4 (find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.11．(2020·新课标 II 卷(They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.12．(2020·新课标 II 卷(They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.13．(2020·新课标 II 卷( They are easy (care) for and make great presents. 14．(2020·新课标 III 卷( The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.15．(2020·新课标 III 卷( And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.16．(2020·山东卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or (walk)through a rainforest.17．(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology (change)lives.18．(2020·浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields. 19．(2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined withB. combining withC. having combined withD. to be combined with 20．(2020·天津卷)___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.A． Having completed B．Being completed C．Completed D．Completing 21．(2020·天津卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection_____economic growth.A．to be promoted B being promoted C．promoting D．to promote 22．(2020·天津卷)______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped23．【2019·江苏卷】 __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy24．【2019·天津卷】 ____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned25．【2019·江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized 26．【2019·天津卷】 The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare27．【2019·新课标I卷】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.28．【2019·新课标 I 卷】 Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…29．【2019·新课标 II 卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.30．【2019·新课标 II 卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award， proud Irene___declared__(declare) she had no plans ______ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. 31．【2019·新课标 II 卷】 When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed, we thought it was ___a__joke.32．【2019·新课标 III 卷】On our way to the house, it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ______ (get)there.33．【2019·新课标 III 卷】 On the last day of our week-long stay, we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ______ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.34．【2019·浙江卷】 When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,…35．【2019·浙江卷】 But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform. 36．【2019·北京卷】 Nervously ______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the twosimple words “Be yourself”.37．【2018·北京】 _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled38．【2018·北京】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together______ a meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared39．【2018·北京】 Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use40．【2018·天津】 I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.A. to eat； to tryB. eating； tryingC. eating； to tryD. to eat； trying 41．【2018·天津】 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take42．【2018·江苏】 Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A. having exceededB. to exceedC. exceededD. exceeding 43．【2018·新课标 I 卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running. 44．[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ),41]But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spendinghalf-term (rest).45．[2017北京,27]Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online. (save) their valuable time.46．[2017北京,30]The national park has a large collection of wildlife, (range) from butterflies to elephants.47．[2016北京,26] (make)it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.48．[2016北京,28] (order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.49．[2015北京,23]The park was full of people, (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 50．[2015江苏,24]Much time (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.51．[2015福建,33]In recent years an English word "infosphere" has appeared,(combine)the sense of "information" and "atmosphere".52．[2015重庆,11]Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way (use) the sun and the stars.53．[2014浙江,14]Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse (appoint) to guard her.54．[2014湖南,21]Children, when (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.55．[2014陕西,20] (work) out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.56．[2014四川,5]The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop) after great effort.57．[2014湖南,23] (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.58．[2014福建,30]For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying (connect).59．[2014江西,26]When it comes to (speak) in public, no one can match him. 60．[2013陕西,14]The witnesses (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.61．[2013北京,21]Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives, including your own. 62．[2013新课标全国Ⅱ,5]I got to the office earlier that day, (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.63．[2013浙江,7] (hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.参考答案一单句语法填空（一）1.stuck 2.to make/making 3.making 4.taking/to take 5.to bargain 6.seated （二）1. being caught 2. finding 3.watching 4.marking 5. winning 6.to enjoy（三）1.to be solved 2.held 3.covering 4.located 5.to see 6.surrounded（四）1. to see 2.researching pared 4.to build 5.to find 6.earning（五）1. to find 2.joined 3.operating 4.to process 5.fixed二、单句语法改错1.happen→happening【解析】考查现在分词作后置定语。

高考英语语法填空考点分析

Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _le_s_s__l_o_n_e_ly_ (lonely) than I had expected that
night. (2009届江门二模)
3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer.
farmer killed [40]____th__e____ goat and gave the
donkey medicine made from its heart. (07惠州一模)
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]___a_____ shy , nervous perfectionist. (08深圳二模)
back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. (07深圳一模) 2. But nothing changed until midterm, [39]__w_h_e__n___
序数词、最高级之后的非谓语动词用不定式
考点分析
考点七：词性转换
•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词 •形容词修饰名词 •副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]___ru__d_e_ly___ (rude).
(07深圳一模)
2. As far as I am concerned, my [37] __s_u_g_g_e_s_t_io__n_

高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结

高考英语必考语法知识点归纳总结在高考英语考试中，语法是一个非常重要且必考的内容。

掌握语法知识点不仅可以帮助我们正确理解句子的含义，还可以帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思。

下面将对高考英语必考的语法知识点进行归纳总结。

一、动词及时态1.动词的基本用法：- 动词的基本形式用于表达一般情况；- 动词的过去式用于表示过去发生的动作或状态；- 动词的现在分词形式可用作形容词或进行时态的谓语；- 动词的过去分词形式可用作被动语态的谓语。

2.动词的时态：- 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态；- 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作；- 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；- 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作；- 将来时：表示将来发生的动作或状态。

3.动词的语态：- 主动语态：表示主语进行或完成动作；- 被动语态：表示主语接受动作。

二、代词1.人称代词：- 主格代词用作主语；- 宾格代词用作宾语或介词的宾语；- 形容词性物主代词用于修饰名词；- 名词性物主代词在句中充当名词的作用；- 反身代词表示动作的主体同时也是动作的承受者。

2.指示代词：- 指示代词可用于指示距离的远近或在句中代替特定的事物。

3.不定代词：- 不定代词用于代替不确定或泛指的人或事物。

三、形容词和副词1.形容词：- 形容词修饰名词，用于描述或限定名词。

2.副词：- 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，用于描述或限定动作的方式、程度等。

四、句型和从句1.简单句：- 简单句由主语和谓语构成，能够独立表达一个完整的意思。

2.并列句：- 并列句由两个或多个独立的分句组成，各分句之间用连词连接。

3.复合句：- 复合句包括一个主句和一个或多个从句。

4.定语从句：- 定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词，并且不能独立成句。

5.名词性从句：- 名词性从句可以在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。

五、形式和语气1.直接引语和间接引语：- 直接引语是原话的直接陈述或引述；- 间接引语是对原话的复述或改写。

2018年高考英语真题专练：语法知识真题十二个专题附解析答案128页

2018年高考英语真题专练：语法知识真题十二个专题附解析答案128页语法知识真题专练目录专题一：动词的时态语态和主谓一致专题二：非谓语动词专题三：介词介词短语和动词短语专题四：冠词专题五：名词专题六：代词专题七：形容词合副词专题八：特殊句式专题九：定语从句专题十：名次从句专题十一：并列连词和状语从句专题十二：情态动词和虚拟语气专题一动词的时态语态和主谓一致2017年题组1 一般时1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］Fast food ____ (be) full of fat and salt...2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Later, engineers ____ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ) ］But at the moment, school ____ (come) first.4.［2017·浙江］Pahlsson and her husband ____(search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.5.［2017·北京］People ____ (have) better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.6.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错］Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, but once I startedthe car, my mind goes blank.7.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）改错］When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!8.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after this photo was taken,I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.题组2 进行时1.［2017·天津］I____ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found thatI was on the wrong road.题组3 完成时1.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.题组6 被动语态1.［2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］When fat and salt ____ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.2.［2017·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］Steam engines ____ (use) to pull the carriages...3.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］Sarah ____ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.4.［2017·北京］In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ____ (invent) yet.5.［2017·江苏］He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he____ (follow).6.［2017·天津］Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.7.［2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错］About one month after thisphoto was took,I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.题组7 主谓一致1.［2017·江苏］The publication of Great Expectations, which ____ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’status as a leading novelist.题组1 一般时2012——2016年1.［2016?乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］So it was a great honour...I ____ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.2.［2015?新课标全国Ⅰ］It was raining lightly when I ____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.3.［2015?江苏］The real reason why prices ____ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this。

高考英语_语法考点通关讲义：代词和介词、介词短语

第2讲代词和介词/介词短语(一) 代词[析考点·规律探密]真题体验透视命题规律授课提示：对应学生用书第12页近几年高考对代词的考查主要集中在代词的基本用法上，因此这类试题一般较为简单。

语法填空和短文改错对代词的考查主要集中在不定代词、反身代词、形容词性物主代词和代词的格等的用法上。

【考点练悟】(单句语法填空)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them(they) alive.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using it every day.3．(2017·浙江卷)“She thought I had hurt myself (I)，”says Pahlsson.4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by its (it) mother.5．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog.[规律总结]1．人称代词主格在句中只能作主语用，一般在纯空格题中考查。

2．人称代词宾格在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

3．形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语。

4．名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。

高考英语——“语法填空”吐血总结，值得收藏

高考英语——“语法填空”吐血总结，值得收藏高考英语语法填空解题技巧与练习一、动词(谓语/非谓语)二、名词三、代词四、冠词五、介词六、连词(从属连词/并列连词)七、情态动词八、形容词/副词九、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语十、词形变化或者词性变化十一、特殊句型（或固定短语）十二、定语从句的引导词．十三、状语从句十四、名词性从句十五、时态、语态十六、非谓语动词和独立主格结构十七、倒装语序、主谓一致关系、强调结构及其他十八、语法填空专练（8篇）语法填空的考查范围：1 语境(上下文）；2 语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。

语法填空的能力要求：1.阅读/理解语篇的能力2.分析句子结构的能力3.熟练运用语法的能力4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对中下层考生来说，难度较大。

重点复习：掌握句子的基本结构首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构：（1）主语+谓语（+宾语+宾补）（2）主语+系动词+表语其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类：（1）充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。

此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。

（2）充当谓语的一定是动词。

（3）充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。

（4）在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。

（5）作状语的典型词类是副词。

再次，我们还要掌握句子的扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。

连词主要有以下四类：（1）用and,but,or,while(而，却)，when（就在这个时候）等构成并列句。

（2）用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,so that等构成含状语从句的复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句是包含在复杂句这个概念里面的,在下文的基础写作部分有提到）。

高考英语语法考点归纳总结谓语动词素材

高考英语语法考点归纳总结：高考英语语法：谓语动词总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态:英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在do / doesam / is / are doinghave / has donehave / has been doing过去didwas / were doinghad donehad been doing将来shall / will doshall / will be doingshall / will have doneX如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneX过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been doneX将来shall / will be doneXshall / will have been doneX另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done主动语态在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态一.一般现在时:1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示2.用法:①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作a. It is fine today.b. I am a student.c. I get up at six every day.d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.②.表示客观事实或普遍真理a. Japan is to the east of China.b. The sun rises in the east.c. A horse is a useful animal.③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等a. My train leaves at 6:30.b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.c. I will be away when he arrives.d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.b. There goes the bell.⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.二.现在进行时:1.构成: am / is / are doing2.用法:①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作a. I am writing a letter.b. My mother is making a dress these few days.②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用a. They are going to Shanghai on Frid ay.b. John is coming here next week.③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作a. The little boy is always asking questions.b. You are always saying that sort of thing.④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, ow n, have, be, seem等三.现在完成时:1.构成: have / has done2.用法:①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)c. The concert has started. ( =The concert sta rted and is now going on. )d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语a. I have studied English since 1987.b. He has lived here for two years.c. He has been ill for ten days.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用a. She has already come.b. I have met him before.c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?e. I have seen him this morning.四.现在完成进行时:1.构成: have / has been doing2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)3.用法:①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止a. I h ave been reading the book all the morning.b. He has been staying here for two hours.c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信 (强调结果)b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信 (强调一直在写)c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调读过这一结果)d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书 (强调一直在读)。

(共10套285页)2018年高考语法真题分类汇总(含所有高考考点)

（共10套285页）2018年高考语法真题分类汇总（含所有高考考点）2018年高考动词的时态和语态及情态动词1.【2018·北京】1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started【答案】C【解析】考查时态。

句意：——嗨，我是彼得。

你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。

——你好，彼得。

我是鲍勃。

我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。

根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。

点睛：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday，last week，in the past，in 2017，once，a few days ago等。

2.【2018·北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked【答案】B点睛：过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。

3.【2018·北京】7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查时态。

2018年最新高考英语真题分类汇编：专题05-动词的时态和语态(含答案解析)

专题五动词的时态和语态1.【 2018·北京】 22.--Did you enjoy the party?--Yes,we___by our hosts.A.were treatedB.would be treated.C.treatedD.had treated【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：句意：——你喜爱这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好的款待了我们。

依据上一句中的did 可知用一般过去时；且we和 treated是动宾关系，用被动语态。

空中应用一般过去时的被动语态，应选A。

【考点定位】考察动词的时态及语态。

【名师点睛】本题考察时态和语态，本题需要先看句子中有没有明确的时间状语，而后再看有没有有关的词，比方隐蔽的时间点，和一些动词的过去式。

解答时态语态题时，学生需要注意联合上下文语境，找出有关提示词来判断时态；并且剖析出主语和动词是主谓关系仍是动宾关系。

2. 【 2018·北京】 26.in the last few years,China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has madeB.had madeC.was makingD.is making【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中获得了很大的成就。

由时间状语in the last few years 可推知动作从过去一段时间连续到此刻并对此刻造成影响，用此刻达成时。

应选A。

【考点定位】考察时态。

【名师点睛】判断时态能够从时间状语下手，题干中的in the last few years为此刻达成时的时间标记词。

近似的还有over/ for/ during the last/ past ye ars/months 均为此刻达成时的时间标记，因此做此类题时，需要先看句子中能否有明确的时间点，而后我再判断时态。

3. 【 2018·北京】 27. — Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house?— Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?A.was to giveB.had givenC.was givingD.would give【答案】 B【考点定位】考察时态。

(完整word版)2018年高考英语语法知识最全概括

高考英语语法易考知识点最全概括第一讲座：名词---基础篇一、名词的复数：1. 名词变复数的规则形式：1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es：city-------cities family-----families3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es：bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es：tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es：leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的：man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice3. 单数和复数形式相同：deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese4. 某国人的复数：1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词：1. 不可数名词：1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式；4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示；2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词：a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格：1. ’s 所有格：1). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”：This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom.2). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”：These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags.3). 以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“’”, 不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加“’s”：Teachers’ Day Children’s Day4). 表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称：at the doctor’s at the Bob’s5). 由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面：This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil.6). 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格：an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital2. of 所有格：1). of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格：the map of China the door of the room2). 双重所有格：of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词He is a friend of my _________(brother ).Is she a daughter of __________(you)?四、名词作句子成分：1. 名词作主语：1). 表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there.2). 量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed.Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.3). 名词+介词（with、but、except、along with、as well as …….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致：The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill.4). 短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则：Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman.2. 名词作定语：1). 名词作定语时，一般用单数形式：There is a shoe factory near the school.2). 名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式：(sport )The sports meeting will be held next week.3). man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变：one man teacher two women teachers第二讲座：名词---提高篇一、名词的单复数：1. 可数名词的复数不规则变化：(1) 单复数同形：deer, sheep, Chinese, means, series, species, works, headquarters(2) 形单意复：people, police, youth, cattle, staff(3) 形复意单：news, physics, politics, maths(4)合成词变复数：passerby→passersby, soninlaw→sonsin-law, lookeron→lookerson, gobetween→go-betweens, grownup→grownups(5) 词形变化：man→men, child→children，tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice，medium→media2. 不可数名词的数：(1) 有些抽象名词在具体化时，以复数形式出现；表示特指时，可以和定冠词连用；表示“某种”或“一次”的意义时，可以和不定冠词连用：in surprise“惊讶地”，a surprise“一件令人惊讶的事”；win success“获得成功”，a success“一个/件成功的人/事”；by experience“靠经验”，an experience“一次经历”；with pleasure“乐意”，a p leasure“一件乐事”。

2018年高考英语语法填空：9、句型结构 Word版含解析

（1）疑问句疑问句包括：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问句。

在高考语法考试中一般不是重点。

注意：反义疑问句1．主从复合句，与主句的主谓语保持一致。

但当陈述部分是I (We) think/believe/expect/suppose 加从句时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。

2．must表示猜测时的反意疑问句“must be”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理。

3．陈述部分是祈使句，疑问尾句用will you；但如果陈述部分是let's开头的祈使句，疑问尾句用shall we。

（2）倒装句A.倒装句的分类英语中的句序分为两种：自然句序（即陈述句）和倒装句判断二者的依据：主语和动词的位置关系陈述句是动词在主语之后，倒装句是主语在动词之后倒装句分为三类：部分倒装，完全倒装，形式倒装B.倒装句的规则1）完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。

这类句型主要有：1．表示方式、方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首，且主语是名词时。

如：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。

South of the river lies a small factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。

Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。

2．such置于句首时。

如：Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.这就是艾伯特·爱因斯坦，一个朴实的人，也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。

2018高考英语语法考点归纳总结虚拟语气素材[附答案]

高考英语语法：虚拟语气一.概念: 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实二.虚拟语气的表现形式: 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念虚拟语气的用法一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或may +动词原形1.表示祝愿a. Long live our country.b. May you succeed.c. May you be happy all your life.2.表示命令a. Everybody leave the room.二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法: (使用虚拟语气的含条件句的复合句称为真实条件句)1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be动词的过去式多用were, 而不用was), 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should 多用于第一人称, would多用于二三人称, could / might可用于所有人称)a. If I had more time, I should study computer better.b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语用had done形式, 主句的谓语用should / would / could / might + have done的形式a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party.b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam.c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be的过去式通常用were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party.b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体:1.条件从句省略if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有were, had, should等词, 可将if省略, 而把were, had, should放在句首a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early.b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己不能实现的愿望a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to).b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you).c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day.b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句a. What would you do with a million dollars?b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.c. We could have done better with more money.d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.四.虚拟语气在as if / though从句中的用法:1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though从句谓语用过去式a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England.b. She looked as if she were ill.2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though从句谓语用过去完成式a. The machines operated as if it had been repa ired.五.虚拟语气在含even if / though从句的复合句中的用法:在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动词形式与非真实条件句相同a. Even if I were rich, I would work.六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法:如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that从句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用should do表示现在或将来情况, 用should have done表示过去情况a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left.b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice.c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.七.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法:1.在wish的宾语从句中, 通常表示不可能实现或没有实现的愿望, 常用虚拟语气①.wish的宾语从句用过去式, 表示现在或将来没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. I wish I knew the result of the match now.b. I wish it were spring here all the year round.c. I wish I could help you.d. I wish I were young.②.wish的宾语从句用过去完成式, 表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望a. We wish we had got the film tickets last night.b. I wish you I had met him yesterday.③.wish的宾语从句若用would, 则一般表示请求, 对现状不满或希望未来有所改变a. I wish the prices would come down.b. I wish you would help me.c. I wish he would be more careful.d. We wish you would spend the holiday with us.2.在动词suggest (建议), advise (建议), demand (要求), require (要求), order (命令), insist (坚持)后的宾语从句中, 谓语动词常用( should )+动词原形的虚拟语气形式a. I suggested that we should go there at once.b. I demand that he should answer me at once.c. The doctor insisted that the patie nt should stay in bed for two weeks.d. The officer ordered that the soldiers should stop playing.与名词suggestion建议 / advice 建议 / demand要求 / request要求 / order命令有关的从句(包括同位语从句和表语从句等)中的谓语也用 ( should ) +动词原形a. The black people made a strong demand that the government ( should ) take steps to change the unfair situation.b. Their demand is that the government should take steps to change the unfair situation.c. I was Bill’s suggestion that everybody should have a map.d. His suggestion was that everybody should have a map.八.虚拟语气用在句型: It is time that(该做某事了)中: that从句中的谓语动词用过去式a. It is time we got up.九.虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中: 表示但愿, 要是就好了, 其中谓语形式与wish 的宾语从句相同a. If only he did n’t drive so fast! ( =I wish he didn’t drive so fast.)b. If only he had take n the doctor’s advice. ( =I wish he had taken the doctor’s advice.)c. If only the rain would stop! ( =I wish the rain would stop.)十.虚拟语气用在would rather / prefer后的that从句中: 表示现在或将来情况谓语动词用过去时形式, 表示过去情况动词用过去完成时形式a. I would rather he came next Saturday.b. I w ould prefer you had seen the film yesterday.c. I would rather that he painted the house blue。

高中英语语法填空总结和训练(含答案)

语法填空试题及答案一、考纲重难点（根据学生情况进行复习讲解，如果已经分单元讲解了，这次课就带学生一起复习整理，以学生为主）二、考点归纳考点一：纯空格试题，首先分析句子结构确定填哪类词：（1）缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）；（2）名词前面，若没有限定词，很可能是填冠词或some，any，other，another等限定词；（3）名词、代词或动名词前面若已有限定词，一定是填介词；（4）若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能填并列连词；（5）若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词（含并列连词和从属连词），要根据句子结构和两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词；（6）若句子结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（do，does，did等）；（7）若缺状语，一定是填副词（在纯空格试题中考的可能性不大，即使考也常常是表示逻辑连接的副词）；（8）在冠词后，一定是名词或one（s），other（s）等代词。

（9）由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

1/ 由It is...that...强调结构的形式，判断it还是that。

判断方法：去掉It is...that...结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。

2/ 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it.例：...and ______ was only a fter I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精).例：...as ______ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists... 例：Dating sites also makes ______ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.3/ 在倒装句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not...until...等词。

2018高考英语语法考点归纳总结非谓语动词素材

高考英语语法：非谓语动词非谓语动词是指不充当谓语的动词形式, 主要有: 动词不定式, 分词(现在分词和过去分词), 动名词. 有关非谓语动词的概述参看语法框架中非谓语动词部分动词不定式一.形式: 动词不定式的一般式是to do, 另外还有一些变化形式如下表:主动被动一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have doneto have been done完成进行式to have been doing二.动词不定式在句中的作用: 作主语, 宾语, 宾语补足语, 表语, 定语, 状语1.作主语:①.不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. To smoke is a bad habit.b. To know is one thing; to do is another.②.不定式做主语时, 通常将不定式后移, 而在其位置上用形式主语ita. It is polite to writ e to your host and say Thank you.b. It is the custom in France to shake hands a lot.2.作宾语:①.不定式通常作动词的宾语, 也能作少数介词的宾语a. We want to learn some body language.b. I don’t know what to do next.②.在but(除了) / except (除了)等少数介词的后面, 可以用带to的不定式作宾语, 但如果but / except前有实义动词do的某个形式时, 则but / except后的不定式省略toa. I had no choice but to work hard.b. There is nothing left to do but lie down and sleep.3.作宾补:①.跟不定式作宾补的动词常见的有: advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, get, force, invite, expect, order, permit, persuade, require, want, warn, teach, wish等a. Body language helps you to communicate with foreigners.b. Would you like me to help you?c. Do you want me to find out the phone number?②.有些及物动词(主要是感官动词和使役动词)后用不定式作宾补时, 不定式的符号to要省略, 这类及物动词如: let, make, see, hear, watch, notice, feel, watch, have等. 变成被动语态时, 省略的to要加出a. I heard him go downstairs very early that morning.b. The workers were made to work long hours by the boss.4.作表语a. Our wor k is to clean the windows.b. My advice is not to drink any more.5.作定语:①.不定式作定语时要后置a. Children, I have something to tell you.b. I am very busy; I have some letters to write.②.动词不定式作定语时, 其中的动词与被修饰词在逻辑上有主谓关系, 动宾关系或同位关系. 如果是动宾关系, 则要求不定式动词是及物的, 否则, 要在不定式动词后加上适当的介词a. He is always the first one to get up.b. Every morning she would bring him the papers to read.c. The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.6.作状语:①.不定式作状语时多表示目的, 原因, 结果等a. He got up very early to catch the first bus.b. We eat to live; we don’t live to eat.c. We woke up only to find everybody gone.d. We are glad to hear of your success.e. They jumped with joy to see him back.②.不定式作结果或程度状语时常见的五种搭配是: soas to/ suchas to/ enoughto/ tooto/ only toa. Tom was so foolish as to tell lies to the police.b. I am such a fool as to think that he is warm-hearted.c. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have.d. It was too late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi.e. He arrived at the station, only to find the train had left.三.使用动词不定式时应注意的问题:1.动词不定式省略符号to的情况:①.在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补的不定式省略to(参看上文)②.在一些固定结构中,.动词不定式省略to, 如: rather than do sth, would rather do sth, had better do sth, why not do sth.a. Rather than ride on a crowed bus, he always prefers a bicycle.b. Why not go out for a walk ?c. I would rather play football than basketball.③.当两个并列的带to的不定式由and或or连接时, 第二个不定式的符号to可以省略a. I intend to call on him and discuss the question again.b. She asked you to call or write to her on Sunday.c. I haven’t decided to go home or to stay at school this summer.2.动词不定式位于某些形容词之后, 构成以下句型: S + be + adj. + to do. 在此句型中, 句子主语与不定式动词do有两种关系:①.句子主语与不定式动词是逻辑主谓关系a. They were eager to know everything about China.b. I am sorry to keep you waiting.②.句子主语与不定式动词是逻辑动宾关系, 这时, 如果不定式动词是不及物, 则需加上适当的介词a. The question is easy to answer.b. The chair is very comfortable to sit on.3.疑问词(除why以外) + to do常含有应该如何如何之意, 可替换成相应的名词从句a. Would you tell us what to do now? (=Would you tell us what we should do now?)b. Can you tell me where to get the book ? ( =Can you tell me where I should get the book ?)4.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时, 动词不定式常常省略to之后的内容, 而保留toa. Did you go to see the Great Wall ? No, I wanted to, but there wasn’t time.b. He wanted to go to Beidaihe, but he wasn’t able to.5.不定式的完成式在plan, hope, expect, would like等之后, 表示事实上没有实现的行为a. He planned to have gone abroad. 他原计划出国(但事实上没有去)b. I hoped to have seen her. 我原希望见到她的(但事实上没见到)c. I would like to have had your help. 我本想得到你的帮助的(实际上我没有得到)d. The enemy expected to have found him. 敌人本来指望找到他(实际上没找到)6.动词不定式的复合结构: for / of sb to do sth. 其中sb是不定式动词do的逻辑主语a. No permission has been given for anybody to enter the building.b. It was a mistake for her to do such a thing.c. I opened the door for her to come in.d. It is very kind of you to help me.现在分词一.形式: 现在分词的一般式是doing, 另外还有一些变化形式如下表主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having donehaving been done二.现在分词在句中的作用: 作定语, 状语, 宾语补足语, 表语1.作定语:a. I don't know the quarrelling couple.b. The woman coming to Paris from London was Lucie Manette.2.作状语: 现在分词作状语时, 可以表示时间, 原因, 伴随动作, 方式等, 或对谓语动词所表示的动作加以修饰或说明a. Entering the small room, Defarge found Dr Manette making a shoe.b. Knowing that she was an experienced worker, they often asked her for help.c. He ran after me, holding something in his hand.d. Please fill in this form, giving your name, address, etc.e. Having brought her father back to England, Lucie helped him to get better.f. The poor of the cities, having lived such a hard life, took up guns.g. So he left France, preferring to give up the fortune that would one day come to him.3.作宾补:a. Don’t make any noise! Don’ you see the child sleeping ?b. I saw them playing on the playground at six o’clock.4.作表语:a. The film is very moving (感人的).动名词一.形式: 动名词的形式与现在分词完全相同二.动名词在句中的作用: 动名词在句中起着名词的作用, 可以作主语, 宾语和表语1.作主语:a. Planting wheat close together is very important.b. Listening to music is a pleasure.2.作宾语: 包括动词的宾语和介词的宾语a. They have just finished collecting crops.b. This book is about both farming and gardening.c. All of them succeeded in crossing the river.3.作定语:a. He is in the reading room.4.作表语:a. His work is teaching English.。

(最新整理)2018年江苏高考英语重点语法知识讲解(易错点)

2018年江苏高考英语重点语法知识讲解(易错点)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018年江苏高考英语重点语法知识讲解(易错点)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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一、冠词/代词和介词注意：最近几年，江苏高考卷中并未出现考查冠词的题目；代词的考查题出现了两次，都是对不定代词的考查；单一的介词考查题也很少。

尽管如此，这三个考点的基础知识都应该牢固掌握，才能做到以不变应万变。

1、冠词:1)注意“抽象名词具体化”的现象,可以翻译成：一种，一个，一次，一阵，一场等。

（Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.）2)动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位抓（catch，hold，take，seize，）+by the+身体部位拍打（hit，strike，touch）+on the+身体部位看（look,stare，gaze）+ in the+身体部位2、代词：1）it作代词有几个小注意点：1）指代婴儿或身份不明的人2）习惯用语，本身并没有实际意义（You can make it. He has had it。

）3)用于某些固定句型中，几乎成了一种习惯用法（I will appreciate it if you….。

I can’t help it if you…。

I hate it when…. When it comes to…..）2）those可以用来替代前面提到过的事物，即同类名词但不是同一个，相当于the+可数名词复数。