新二L17笔记

Lesson 17 Always young【New words and expressions】★appear v. 登场, 扮演①vi. 出现，显露（反义词是disappear）The plane appeared.The plane disappeared.②vi. 当众露面；登场（演出等）The actor appeared.I can’t appear in this dress at the party.appear as 扮演……角色He appeared as a prince. (prince n. 王子)appear on the stage as…(扮演的确切表达)My aunt appeared on the stage as a young girl.③vi. 似乎，看起来好象（与seem同义），显得(系动词，后面直接加形容词) He appears nervous. 他显得很紧张(看起来)She appears to know you.Now it appears you are wrong.★stage n. 舞台on the stage 在舞台上in the stage 在某一阶段(时期)★bright adj. 鲜艳的bright red 鲜红色；bright yellow 明黄色；bright blue 宝蓝色【课文讲解】1、My aunt Jennifer is an actress.以-ess结尾的是女性；以-or、-er 结尾的是男性actor 男演员；actress 女演员:waiter 男服务员；waitress 女服务员prince 王子；princess 公主lion 公狮子；lioness 母狮子doctor 男医生；woman doctor 女医生god 神；goddess 女神(God 上帝,注意“G”大写)2、She must be at least thirty-five years old.年龄的两种表示方法：①数字+years old，作表语thirty-five years old 三十五岁②数字+-year-old，作定语my four-year-old daughtermust + 动词原形：不得不, 必须；(对现在的)推测She must be a model.She is fifteen years old. 她五岁了She must be fifteen years old. 她很可能五岁She must be at most fifteen years old. 她最多十五岁She must be at least fifteen years old. 她至少十五岁at least 至少, 最少If you can’t clean the car, you can at least help me to clean it.at most 最多3、In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.in spite of 不管，尽管(“of”为介词, 后面一定会加名词、代词或从句)in spite of this 尽管如此In spite of this, I still like school.（school 前不加“the”表示上学，加“the”只表示学校）In spite of what you have said about her, she is much better than Mary.4、Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.join 参加了某一种团体join sb./sth.join the army 参军join the Party 入党join us (口语)加入我们(这个团体)中来take part in 参加某一种活动take part in the race 参加比赛take part in a playtake part in the partyattend 出席attend the meeting 参加会议, 出席会议attend the party 出席宴会attend the class 上课Thank you for your attending. 谢谢大家的出席(到来)Thank you for your listening. 谢谢大家的听讲5、This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.两种年龄的表达：She is eighteen years old.She is a girl of eighteen.6、In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.in (+颜色、衣服) 穿着……样的衣服，用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词The boy in green.in a bright red dress 鲜红色的连衣裙bright,orange-coloured dress 鲜艳的桔黄色衣服7、If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'ever = at any time 任何时候(时间副词)it must be 一定……(表示推测)grown-up adj. 成年人be grown-up 作为一个成年人grow up (人)成长当有人问你年龄时，你可以这样回答：It is a secret. / It is privacy.I forget it.【Key structures】情态助动词mustMust 译为“必须”，可以表示“必要，命令或强制，邀请，决心，不可推卸的责任”等多处含义。

它没有时态和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。

在其他时态时，must的有些含义可以用have to或havegot to。

这三种形式一般可以互换，但用于第一人称时，have to(have got to)强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must 则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事。

have to 和have got to往往可以互换，但与always，sometimes 等频度副词连用时，用have to往往比用havt got to 好。

have got to比have to更口语化。

在过去时的句子中, 要用have to 来表示“必须”，have to可以有任意时态She will have to…；She had to…；She has/I have had to…have to作为实义动词, 否定式为don't have to；will not have to；didn't have to在表达“难道你不能不（做……）”时，一般用“Must you…?”，而不用“Do you have to…?”Must you leave now? 难道你非得现在就走吗？I’m afraid so. I have to study for an exam.must可以表示推测，must do表示对现在的推测；must have done表示对过去的推测He must be mad.在I think…/he thinks…的从句中，一定要用事实说话. (不能说成“I think he must be a fool.”) must be的否定式为can’t be（不可能）：Someone’s using the phone, it must be John.It can’t be John. He promised me he wouldn’t use it today.【Special Difficulties】As的用法①作为介词，可以表示“作为”、“以……身份”等In this film, he appeared as a policeman.As a mechanic, he can’t always keep himself clean.②作为连词，可以表示“因为”、“正当……时候”、“以……方式”或“如同……那样”等You must take care of the baby tomorrow as I am going to London.（因为，由于）As we were talking about him, he knocked at the door.（正当……时候）Do as you are told. 叫你怎么做就怎么做(按你被告知的那样去做)（以……方式）As I learned, …（如同……那样）③“担任……工作”I work as an engineer.Dress, Suit, Costumedress n. 裙子，晚礼服，连衣裙(女式)suit n. 套装（男式）My brother never wears ready-made suits. 我的弟弟从来不穿成衣。

costume n. 演出服,民族服装,某一年代所穿的服装All the actors wore fifteenth-century costumes. 所有演员都穿着15 世纪的服装。

Grow and Grow upgrow vi. 生长，成长，发育Trees of the kind don’t grow in our country.How tall you’ve got! You’ve grown a lot.grow up 长成，成熟（其被动态表示长大成人）Lucy has grown up a lot since I last saw her.自从我上次见到她之后，露西已成熟了许多。

What do you want to do when you’re grown up?Some people never grow up. 有些人总是成熟不起来。