阅读天地

完形填空及阅读理解专项练习
------- 关艳
一、完形填空（5篇）
Passage 1
The game of football began in England in the middle of the nineteenth century. But the Chinese played a game 1 _ football over 2000 years ago. In the beginning, it was very 2__ and dangerous. There were not a fixed number of _3 _ and there was always a lot of fighting. In 1863 the Football Association was founded to bring _4_ to the game. Since then, millions have played football, making it the world’s most 5 __ sport. It’s the strongest in Europe and ___6 . but it is popular in Africa _ 7_ and now is played also by women; women’s football is one of the fastest __8 __ sports in the world. The World Cup is the most important _9___ in international football. The competition is held every four years at 10 __ countries around the world. The first competition was held in 1930 and the winner was Uruguay（乌拉圭）.
1. A. like B. for C. with D. as
2. A. easy B. rough C. nervous D. terrible
3. A. players B. strikers C. balls D. goals
4. A. fields B. scores C. fans D. rules
5. A. ordinary B. amazing C. popular D. public
6. A. England B. Germany C. South America D. Africa
7. A. at last B. as well C. once more D. ever since
8. A. relaxing B. moving C. running D. growing
9. A. cup B. chance C. prize D. club
10. A. different B. important C. large D. several
Passage 2
Susan Cleveland is the young president of a candy company in the city of Chicago. Her father began the company in the 1960’s. He died three years ago. Now, the company belongs to Susan.
Susan, ___1___, did not have any jobs before becoming head of the company. She just finished the college. Th e employees became even more concerned during Susan’s first months on the job. Mr. Cleveland had been a ___2___ leader. But Susan permitted ___3___ employees to make their own ___4___. One employee said, “Old Mr. Cleveland ___5___ told us what to do. He ke pt people on a short leash. But the company did well. What does a “short leash” mean? A leash is a kind of rope. We use a leash to walk our pet dogs. The leash keeps the dog from ___6__ away or getting into trouble.
Keeping a person on a short leash means keeping him or her ___7___ close control. The person can’t make many decisions for himself or herself. Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. __8__, she encourages them to get ___9___ ways to do business. For example, her secretary proposed an idea. She said the company should offer a sum of money as a prize to the best students in the high school near the factory. The winner could use the prize money to study at a university. Ms Cleveland appreciated the idea. After the prize was announced, people who lived in the area of the factory began to buy ___10___ of the company’s candy. Local
newspapers wrote about the competition. Business improved.
Ms Cleveland made her secretary the company’s first Director of Public Relations. The former secretary was very pleased.
1. A. but B. yet C. so D. however
2. A. weak B. strong C. kind D. clever
3. A. on B. a few C. few D. many
4. A. products B. candies C. decisions D. plans
5. A. never B. always C. seldom D. did
6. A. stepping B. pulling C. running D. jumping
7. A. at B. on C. for D. under
8. A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While
9. A. other B. more C. many D. better
10. A. some B. little C. more D. less
Passage 3
People used to say, “The hand that rocks（摇）the cradle（摇篮）rules the world” and “Behind every successful man there’s a woman.”
_1 _ these saying mean the same thing. Men rule the world, but their mothers _2__ wives rule them.
Some women still _3 _ making their husbands and sons successful. But some women want more for _ 4 __ . They want good _ 5_ . When they work, they want good _6 _ . They want to be as successful as men.
Today, the best jobs are _7 _ given to men. Even when women do the same work, they are often paid _8 _ men. Women want these things changed.
The women’s liberation movement was started by women who didn’t want to behind successful men. They wanted to stand _9 _ men, with the same chance for success. The movement is quite new, and many American women do not agree with _10__ purpose. But it has already made several changes in women’s lives—and in men’s lives, too.
1. A. All B. Both C. Neither D. Each
2. A. or B. and C. not D. with
3. A. like B. likes C. liked D. have liked
4. A. their B. theirs C. themselves D. themselves
5. A. jobs B. job C. works D. work
6. A. pays B. pay C. paid D. payment
7. A. already B. always C. yet D. still
8. A. as much as B. as many as C. less than D. more than
9. A. before B. behind C. beside D. between
10. A. it's B. its C. their D. theirs
Passage 4
Michel is a young girl who works for the police _1 _ a handwriting expert. She has helped catch many criminals y using her special talents.
When she was fourteen, Michel was already _2 _ interested in the differences in her
friends’ handwriting that she would spend hours _3 _ them. After finishing college she went to France for a special two-year class _4 _ handwriting at the School of Police Science.
Michel says that it is _ 5 _ for people to hide their handwriting. She can discover most of what she needs to know simply _ 6 _ looking at the writing with her own eyes, but she also has machines _7 _ help her make out different kinds of paper and ink. This knowledge is often of great help to the police.
Michel believes that handwriting is a good _ 8 _ of what kind of person the writer is. “I wouldn’t go out with a fellow if I didn’t like his handwriting.” She says. But she _ 9 _ she fell in love with her future husband, a young policeman, _10 _ she studied his handwriting. It is later proved to be all right, however.
1. A. with B. by C. like D. as
2. A. so B. too C. quite D. extra
3. A. writing B. studying C. settling D. uncovering
4. A. at B. in C. with D. on
5. A. main B. safe C. easy D. impossible
6. A. with B. by C. of D. about
7. A. they B. in which C. that D. those
8. A. test B. sign C. means D. habit
9. A. adds B. tells C. repeats D. cries
10. A. before B. after C. since D. and
Passage 5
New comers to the United States are often surprised by the schools. American schools sometimes seem so different from schools they know in ___1___ parts of the world. American education is based on the ___2___ that children need to learn to think ___3___ themselves. The school should be the ___4____ where they learn to do this. In school, children learn the “three R’s”(reading, writing and arithmetic), history and government (often called social studies) and many other subjects. They also learn ___5___ to be independent, how to make their won judgment, and how to develop their own abilities and interests. The American teacher does not ___6___ the children in her class to sit with hands folded quietly and to say ___7___. She wants them to listen attentively and ask questions. She knows that what children learn from books is ___8___. She also knows that, it is necessary for them to know how to use this learning for their ___9___ and development. During open school week, parents have a ___10___ to see how American education works.
1. A. other B. his C. another D. all
2. A. opinion B. idea C. promise D. question
3. A. of B. against C. for D. with
4. A. place B. space C. room D. area
5. A. when B. how C. what D. where
6. A. think B. want C. let D. make
7. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. much
8. A. important B. unimportant C. necessary D. useless
9. A. improving B. growth C. future D. tomorrow
10. A. ability B. possibility C. interest D. chance
二、阅读理解（5篇）
Passage 1
Contacts (交往) between Japan and the rest of the world have grown a great deal in the twentieth century. In the last thirty years, business contacts between Japan and the West have become very important. Many foreign companies now have offices in Japan and Japanese businessmen do business around the world.
Differences between Japanese and Western ways of doing business, however, often bewilder the foreign businessman and make doing business in Japan difficult for foreigners.
The American businessman, for example, wants to start talking business immediately. He wants quick decisions. He does not wait. The Japanese, on the other hand, likes to arrive at decisions gradually after giving them a great deal of thought. Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means “Yes” or “No”. This is because of cultural difference between Japanese and Western society which makes it difficult for a Japanese to say “No” directly.
In English, it is easy to say “No” to something we do not want to do. But in Japan it is very difficult to say “No”. To refuse an invitation or a request with “No”, or a similar phrase, is felt to be impolite. It is thought to be selfish and unfriendly. So instead of saying “No” directly, the Japanese have developed many ways to avoid saying “No”. These enable them to avoid hurting other people's feelings. However, this often makes communication with the Japanese difficult for foreigners to understand and follow.
1. Paragraph one tells us that __ .
A. it is not always easy for foreigners to do business in Japan.
B. Japan is a very important country for businessmen
C. business contacts between Japan and the West are important.
D. Japanese businessmen do business all around the world.
2. The word “bewilder” in the paragraph 2 probably means.
A. tire
B. stagger
C. confuse
D. surprise
3. From the passage we can know that .
A. American businessmen do things more quickly than Japanese ones
B. American busines smen like to say “Yes” and “No”
C. Americans usually say what they are thinking
D. Americans do not express themselves clearly
4. It is not easy for Japanese to say “No” to something because Japanese.
A. are very selfish
B. are very polite
C. have different cultures from others
D. can not communicate well
5. The passage tells us that .
A. Japanese businessmen are good at business
B. foreign businessmen should first try to understand Japanese
C. foreign businessmen must be more polite
D. if you want to succeed you must learn from Japan
Passage 2
Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on-but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.
By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
1. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is ______.
A. the time when people know Einstein
B. the feeling of an American college president
C. the change in human thought produced by Einstein
D. the difficulty of Einstein's thought to teachers
2. According to the American university president, ______.
A. everyone understands Einstein's theory today
B. Einstein achieved more than any other scientists in history
C. The theory of relativity can be quickly learned by everyone
D. Our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein
3. According to Paragraph 2, Albert Einstein ______.
A. was a famous chemist
B. headed a research institute
C. was famous in the world
D. enjoyed reading about war
4. According to the passage Einstein did his greatest work ______.
A. during World War I
B. when he was young
C. when Naziism rose
D. between 1906-1915
5. It may be concluded that ______.
A. Albert Einstein was forced to serve in the German army
B. Albert Einstein had no other interests besides science
C. Germans usually have a high respect for science
D. his reputation was ruined because of his work during World War I
Passage 3
Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all… whether rich or poor, clever or stupid… one can solve all the problems of
society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far large number of people with university degrees, they refuse to do what they think “low” work, and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be d irty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor, we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns. …
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society and that is very bad to be ashamed of one's work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
1. The writer of this passage thinks that .
A. education can settle most of the world's problems
B. free education for all probably leads to a perfect world
C. free education won't help to solve social problems
D. all the social problems can't be solved by education
2. The writer wants to prove that .
A. our society needs all kinds of jobs
B. our society needs free education for all
C. a farmer is more important than a professor
D. people with university degree refuse to do what they think “low” work
3. According to the passage .
A. work with hands is dirty and shameful
B. work with hands is low work
C. work with hands is the most important
D. we can't regard work with hands as low work
4. The purpose of education is .
A. to choose a system of education
B. to prepare children mainly for their future work
C. to let everyone receive education fit for him
D. to build a perfect world
5. The passage tells us about of education.
A. the means
B. the system
C. the value
D. the type
Passage 4
To improve your vocabulary, you need to learn words that are used in magazines, novels, and newspapers. The best way to do this is to look up words that you don't know as you find them in your reading. Unfortunately, only the most conscientious of us actually get up off our chairs to find a dictionary.
With “Word Smart (Genius Edition),” you can stay in your chair. The staff of the Princeton Review have searched tens of thousands of pages in newspapers, magazines and novels. Because “Word Smart” and “Word Smart II” already contain many more commonly used words, it was
easy to come up with words that were one step harder.
The words in this book are challenging and useful, even for those readers with strong vocabularies.
In this book, there's more to these words than a mere definition. You can find many stories behind the words. The English language is alive and constantly growing. Of the 750,000 words in English, more than 80 per cent are originally from another language. In exploring the origins of words, you acquire a wealth of cultural and historical knowledge. You will be amazed at the richness of the English language.
The first part of this book is a preliminary exam to test your knowledge of the words. It will give you an idea of how much studying you need to do to learn the vocabulary that follows.
The best way to learn new words is to work slowly and consistently. So the authors place a quiz to test your knowledge after every group of 10 words.
After the word lists, there is a final exam that tests your progress. This is an effective means to make sure that you have retained your new vocabulary.
“Word Smart(Genius Edition)” has included a section on crossword puzzles, which, although rare in English, are common in crosswords. If you learn the words, you will become a crossword expert.
1. According to this passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The best way to improve your vocabulary is to learn words from reading.
B. “Word Smart” is a book designed for readers to learn a real language.
C. The word lists include all subjects from almost all professional fields.
D. English appears to be a mixed language.
2. The purpose for the writer of this passage is to .
A. advertise a new book on language learning
B. suggest a new way of word memorizing
C. examine the ability to master a rich vocabulary
D. compare word usages in dictionary
3. The phrase “come up with” in Line 8 probably means“ .”
A. produce
B. think of
C. remember
D. understand
4. “The words in this book are challenging and useful” means“ .”
A. the words are powerful and strong
B. the words are easy to remember
C. the words seem to make people angry
D. the words require efforts to learn
5. The main idea of the 4th paragraph is that .
A. English includes main historical events
B. language is culture
C. English vocabulary is of long history
D. language learning begins with words
Passage 5
For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world’s greatest dramatist (剧作家). Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare's writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably
unaware of the source of the words we used, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations.
Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal use of English; Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand.
There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners) even though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since Shakespeare’s day.
1. English people ________.
A. have never discussed who is the world's greatest dramatist
B. never discuss any issue concerning the world's greatest dramatist
C. are sure who is the world's greatest dramatist
D. do not care who is the world's greatest poet and dramatist
2. Every Englishman knows ________.
A. more or less about Shakespeare
B. Shakespeare, but only slightly
C. all Shakespeare's writings
D. only the name of the greatest English writer
3. Which of the following is true?
A. We use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare's writings.
B. Shakespeare's writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak
English.
C. It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the words they use.
D. All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare.
4. What does the word "proverb" mean?
A. Familiar sayings.
B. Shakespeare's plays.
C. Complaints.
D. Actors and actresses.
5. Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?
A. English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare's time.
B. By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language.
C. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare's time.
D. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage.。