美语伊索寓言An important event

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英文伊索寓言故事_寓言故事

英文伊索寓言故事中蕴含的审美倾向体现为:对世俗功利的超越、对自然无为的崇尚和对逍遥自由的向往,下面这些是小编为大家推荐的几篇英文故事。

英文伊索寓言故事1：死去的苍蝇The teacher asked her students in class: "If there are five flies on your desk and you kill one, how many will remain?""One," shouted a boy, "the dead one." The teacher said: "You should know that there are still four not dead."The boy replied: "I know, but they have flown away."He is right. Arithmatic is one thing, but logic is another.上课时老师问学生：“如果有5只苍蝇在你的书桌上，你打死了一只，还剩下多少只?”“一只，就是死了的那只。

”一个男孩大声回答道。

老师说：“你应该知道还有4只没有死嘛。

男孩回答说：“我知道，可是它们已经飞走了。

他是对的，算术是一回事，而逻辑是另一回事。

英文伊索寓言故事2:老鼠和公牛A mouse once took a bite out of a bull's tail as he lay dozing. The bull jumped up in a rage and, with his head low to the ground, chased the mouse right across the yard. The mouse was too quick for him, however, and slipped easily into a hole in the wall.The bull charged the wall furiously again and again, but although he bruised his head and chipped his horns, the mouse stayed safely inside his hole. After a time the bull gave up and sank down to rest again.As soon as the bull was asleep, the little mouse crept to the mouth of the hole, pattered across the yard, bit the bull again -- this time on the nose -- and rushed back to safety. As the bull roared helplessly the mouse squeaked:"It's not always the big people who come off best. Sometimes the small ones win, you know."有一次，公牛躺着打盹，一只老鼠咬了他的尾巴。

伊索寓言英文小故事

伊索寓言英文小故事The Fox and the GrapesOnce upon a time, a hungry fox was wandering through the countryside when he came across a lush, ripe cluster of grapes hanging high on a vine. The fox's mouth began to water as he gazed longingly at the delicious fruit. He tried jumping up to reach the grapes, but they were just out of his reach. After several failed attempts, the fox decided the grapes were probably sour anyway and turned and walked away, muttering to himself "Those grapes are probably not even that good. I didn't really want them anyway."This classic Aesop's fable teaches an important lesson about human nature. When we cannot obtain something we desire, we often rationalize our failure by telling ourselves that we didn't really want it in the first place. The fox in the story is unable to reach the grapes, so he convinces himself that they must be sour, allowing him to preserve his pride and avoid admitting defeat.This tendency to make excuses for our shortcomings is a common defense mechanism. We all want to be seen as capable and successful, so when we fall short of our goals, it's natural for us to tryto find a way to save face. By convincing ourselves that we didn't really want the thing we couldn't obtain, we can protect our ego and avoid the embarrassment of acknowledging our failure.However, this approach is ultimately self-defeating. By refusing to acknowledge our limitations, we miss out on opportunities for growth and improvement. If the fox had simply admitted that the grapes were too high for him to reach, he could have looked for a way to overcome the obstacle, perhaps by finding a ladder or asking for help. Instead, he chose to dismiss the grapes as undesirable, robbing himself of a potential meal and depriving himself of the chance to learn and become stronger.The moral of the story is that it's important to be honest with ourselves about our strengths and weaknesses. When we face setbacks or challenges, it's tempting to make excuses or convince ourselves that we didn't really want the thing we couldn't obtain. But this approach only serves to hold us back and prevent us from reaching our full potential.By acknowledging our limitations and failures, we can learn from them and work to improve. We may not always get what we want, but by facing our shortcomings head-on, we can develop the resilience and determination to overcome them. The fox in the story could have done just that, but instead, he chose the easy path ofself-deception, ultimately missing out on a delicious meal and an opportunity for growth.In the end, the "sour grapes" mentality is a trap that we must be vigilant to avoid. By embracing our flaws and failures, and using them as stepping stones to greater success, we can unlock our true potential and achieve the goals we truly desire.。

伊索寓言中英文对照版

伊索寓言中英文对照版【原创实用版】目录1.伊索寓言的概述2.伊索寓言中英文对照版的意义3.伊索寓言中英文对照版的内容4.伊索寓言中英文对照版的价值5.结论正文一、伊索寓言的概述伊索寓言是世界著名的寓言故事集，起源于古希腊，距今已有两千多年的历史。

这些寓言故事以简短的文字和深刻的哲理脍炙人口，传承至今，已成为世界各地读者喜爱的文学作品。

伊索寓言通过拟人化的动植物以及日常生活中的事物，以生动的故事传达道德观念和处世智慧，对于启发儿童心智和培养道德品质具有重要意义。

二、伊索寓言中英文对照版的意义伊索寓言中英文对照版是一种将中文和英文两种语言相互对照的方式，使读者在阅读寓言故事的过程中，既能欣赏到优美的中文译文，又能学习到原汁原味的英文表达。

这种对照方式有利于提高读者的语言能力，拓宽文化视野，同时也有助于加深对寓言故事内涵的理解。

三、伊索寓言中英文对照版的内容伊索寓言中英文对照版精选了众多脍炙人口的寓言故事，如《狼与七只小羊》、《乌鸦喝水》、《农夫与蛇》等。

这些故事既有对社会现象的讽刺，也有对人性弱点的揭示，以及对美好品质的赞美。

通过这些故事，读者不仅能领略到文学的魅力，还能从中汲取智慧，为自己的生活和成长提供启示。

四、伊索寓言中英文对照版的价值伊索寓言中英文对照版具有很高的教育价值和文化价值。

首先，它有助于提高读者的语文和英语水平，帮助他们在阅读中掌握更多的语言知识和技能。

其次，通过阅读这些寓言故事，读者可以获得丰富的人生哲理，对于培养正确的价值观和道德观具有积极作用。

最后，伊索寓言中英文对照版还能够拓宽读者的文化视野，使他们更加了解不同文化背景下的文学作品和思想观念。

五、结论伊索寓言中英文对照版是一种具有很高价值的文学作品，它以简短的文字和深刻的哲理赢得了世界各地读者的喜爱。

阅读伊索寓言中英文对照版，不仅能够提高读者的语言能力，拓宽文化视野，还能为他们的生活和成长提供有益的启示。

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伊索寓言英文故事

伊索寓言英文故事Aesop's Fables: The Tortoise and the Hare。

Once upon a time, in a beautiful forest, there lived a tortoise and a hare. The hare was very proud of his speed and often boasted about how fast he could run. He would often make fun of the slow-moving tortoise and challenge him to a race.One day, the tortoise grew tired of the hare's taunts and accepted his challenge. The hare laughed and agreed to race the tortoise the next day. The news of the race spread quickly throughout the forest, and all the animals gathered to watch the competition.The next day, the race began, and the hare quickly took the lead. He was so confident in his speed that he decided to take a nap under a tree, thinking that he could easily catch up to the tortoise later. Meanwhile, the tortoise continued to plod along at a steady pace, never stopping or slowing down.When the hare woke up from his nap, he was shocked to see the tortoise near the finish line. He quickly started running as fast as he could, but it was too late. The tortoise crossed the finish line first, winning the race.The moral of the story is that slow and steady wins the race. The hare's overconfidence and arrogance led to his downfall, while the tortoise's perseverance and determination helped him achieve victory.This fable teaches us an important lesson about the value of hard work and patience. It reminds us that it's not always the fastest or strongest who win, but those who are consistent and persistent in their efforts.In our own lives, we should strive to be like the tortoise, staying focused on our goals and not being discouraged by the success of others. We should remember that success often comes to those who are willing to put in the time and effort, even if it means moving at a slower pace.The story of the tortoise and the hare has been passed down through generations, and its message still holds true today. It serves as a timeless reminder that perseverance and determination are the keys to achieving our dreams and goals.So, let us all take a lesson from the tortoise and remember that slow and steady wins the race.。

《伊索寓言》英文读后感

《伊索寓言》英文读后感Aesop’s fables are a collection of stories that are intended to teach valuable lessons through the use of animal characters. These stories have been passed down over generations and have been translated into countless languages, making them a rich and important part of the world’s literary heritage.Reading these fables has been an enjoyable and enlightening experience. Each story is concise, with a clear moral message that is both entertaining and thought-provoking. These messages are still relevant today, even though these stories were written thousands of years ago.One of my favorite fables is ‘The Ant and the Grasshopper’. This story shows the importance of hard work and planning for the future. The ant works hard all summer long, storing away food for the winter, while the grasshopper spends his time playing and relaxing. When winter arrives, the ant is well-prepared and able to survive, while the grasshopper struggles and suffers. This story teaches us that it’s important to be proactive and work hard to ensure our future stability and success.Another fable that resonated with me was ‘The Lion and the Mouse’. In this story, a mouse is captured by a lion who plans to eat him. The mouse pleads for his life and promises to repay the favor one day. The lion lets the mouse go, thinking that he’s too small to ever be able to help him. However, later on the lion gets trapped in a hunter’s net, and the mouse is able to gnaw through the ropes, freeing the lion. The moral of this story is that even the smallest and seemingly weakest creatures can be of great help toothers.These stories are not only entertaining, but they are also a great way to teach important life lessons to children. The use of animal characters is a clever way to make the stories relatable and easy to understand. The morals teach us valuable skills such as honesty, hard work, and compassion, which are important qualities to possess in both personal and professional life.In conclusion, Aesop’s fables are a timeless and valuab le collection of stories that have been enjoyed by countless generations. These stories teach us about the importance of virtues such as hard work, honesty, and compassion, and they remain relevant even in today’s world. Reading them has allowed me to reflect upon my own values and actions, and I highly recommend them to anyone looking for a thoughtful and engaging read.。

伊索寓言故事《狮子与其三个顾问》英文版

伊索寓言故事《狮子与其三个顾问》英文版Aesop's Fable: The Lion and His Three AdvisorsOnce upon a time, a wise old lion ruled over a vast kingdom filled with all kinds of animals. The lion was strong and brave, but he was also very wise and knew that he needed good advisors to help him make important decisions.So, the lion called upon his three most trusted advisors: the fox, the wolf, and the donkey. The lion explained that he needed their help in making an important decision, and he asked each of them to give him their advice.First, the fox suggested that the lion should always be on guard against his enemies and never trust anyone, even his own advisors. The wolf disagreed with the fox and suggested that the lion should always trust his instincts and follow his heart, even if it meant taking risks.Finally, the donkey spoke up and said that the lion should always listen to the advice of his trusted advisors and make decisions based on their collective wisdom.The lion thought carefully about each of the advisors' suggestions and realized that each one had some truth to it. In the end, he decided to follow the advice of the donkey, knowing that working together with his advisors was the best way to make wise decisions and lead his kingdom to success.And so, the lion lived happily ever after, ruling his kingdom wisely and leading his subjects with the help of his three wise advisors.。

伊索寓言英文作文

伊索寓言英文作文Once upon a time, there was a clever fox who loved playing tricks on others. One day, he came across a crow sitting on a branch, holding a piece of cheese in its beak. The fox, being cunning as always, decided to try and outsmart the crow.Seeing the cheese, the fox approached the crow and said, "Hello, beautiful crow! I couldn't help but notice how wonderfully you sing. Would you mind gracing me with a song?"The crow, flattered by the fox's words, couldn't resist showing off its talent. It opened its beak to sing, but the moment it did, the cheese fell to the ground. The foxquickly grabbed the cheese and gobbled it up, leaving the crow feeling foolish.In another part of the forest, a thirsty hare was desperately searching for water. Finally, it spotted a wellin the distance. Excited, the hare ran towards it, only to find that the well was too deep for it to reach the water.Feeling hopeless, the hare noticed a bucket tied to a rope hanging above the well. It had an idea. The hare decided to jump into the bucket and use its weight to pull the bucket up, hoping that it would bring the water closer to the surface.With all its strength, the hare jumped into the bucket. But instead of pulling the bucket up, the hare's weight caused it to sink even deeper into the well. The hare's clever plan had backfired, leaving it trapped and even more thirsty.In a nearby village, a hardworking ant was busy gathering food for the upcoming winter. Day after day, the ant would tirelessly collect grains and store them in its underground home. While the other insects enjoyed their leisure time, the ant knew the importance of preparing for the future.One summer day, a grasshopper approached the ant, mocking its diligent work. "Why are you wasting your time working so hard? Come and enjoy the sunshine with me," the grasshopper said lazily.The ant, unfazed by the grasshopper's words, replied,"I am working hard now so that I can survive during the winter. It's important to be prepared and responsible."Sure enough, when winter arrived, the ant had enough food to sustain itself, while the grasshopper struggled to find anything to eat. The grasshopper learned a valuable lesson about the importance of hard work and planning ahead.In conclusion, these fables teach us important life lessons. The clever fox reminds us to be wary of flattery and not to fall for empty compliments. The thirsty hare teaches us to think carefully before taking action, ashasty decisions can lead to unintended consequences. Lastly, the hardworking ant shows us the importance of diligenceand preparation for the future. These timeless storiescontinue to resonate with us, reminding us of the wisdom and moral values they hold.。

伊索寓言英文启示作文

伊索寓言英文启示作文The Moral Insights of Aesop's FablesAesop's fables have been cherished and revered for centuries, transcending cultural and linguistic boundaries to impart timeless wisdom and moral teachings. These brief tales, often featuring animals as protagonists, delve into the human experience, exploring the complexities of our nature and the universal truths that shape our existence. As we delve into the rich tapestry of Aesop's fables, we uncover a wealth of insights that can profoundly influence our own lives and the way we navigate the challenges of the world around us.One of the most striking aspects of Aesop's fables is their remarkable ability to distill complex ideas and moral lessons into concise and memorable narratives. The fables often begin with a simple premise, such as the interaction between a fox and a crow, or a struggle between a lion and a mouse. However, beneath these seemingly straightforward scenarios lies a deeper layer of meaning, inviting the reader to ponder the broader implications and the universal principles at play.At the heart of Aesop's fables lies a profound understanding ofhuman nature and the universal human experiences that transcend time and culture. The fables explore themes of greed, vanity, pride, perseverance, and the importance of wisdom and compassion. Through the actions and interactions of the animal characters, we are confronted with our own flaws, virtues, and the consequences of our choices.For instance, in the well-known fable of "The Ant and the Grasshopper," we witness the contrast between the industrious ant, who diligently prepares for the winter, and the carefree grasshopper, who indulges in the pleasures of the moment. This simple parable serves as a powerful reminder of the value of foresight, planning, and the importance of striking a balance between work and play. The fable encourages us to reflect on our own habits and priorities, prompting us to consider the long-term implications of our actions.Another fable, "The Boy Who Cried Wolf," delves into the consequences of dishonesty and the importance of trustworthiness. The story of a shepherd boy who repeatedly deceives his village by falsely claiming that a wolf is attacking his flock highlights the erosion of credibility and the breakdown of community trust. This fable serves as a poignant warning against the dangers of duplicity and the importance of maintaining honesty in our relationships and interactions.The versatility of Aesop's fables is truly remarkable, as they can be interpreted and applied to a wide range of contexts. The lessons they impart are not limited to individual behavior but also extend to broader societal and ethical concerns. For instance, the fable of "The Lion and the Mouse" explores the themes of compassion, reciprocity, and the interconnectedness of all living beings. The seemingly insignificant mouse, through an act of kindness, is able to free the mighty lion from a trap, demonstrating the power of small acts of kindness and the interdependence of all creatures.Through these fables, Aesop not only entertains but also challenges us to reflect on our own actions and the consequences they may have on ourselves and others. The fables encourage us to cultivate virtues such as humility, empathy, and wisdom, while cautioning us against the pitfalls of greed, pride, and deception. These moral lessons remain as relevant today as they were in Aesop's time, serving as a timeless guide for navigating the complexities of human existence.In the modern world, where we are often bombarded with information and distractions, the simplicity and clarity of Aesop's fables offer a refreshing respite. They provide us with a lens through which we can examine our own behaviors, biases, and decision-making processes. By engaging with these fables, we are invited to step back, reflect, and consider the deeper implications of ouractions, ultimately empowering us to make more informed and ethical choices.Moreover, the universality of Aesop's fables transcends cultural boundaries, allowing them to resonate with readers and listeners from diverse backgrounds. These timeless tales serve as a bridge, connecting us to a shared human experience and fostering a greater understanding of our shared values and aspirations.In conclusion, the enduring appeal and profound wisdom of Aesop's fables serve as a testament to the enduring power of storytelling and the ability of literature to shape our moral and ethical development. As we delve into these captivating narratives, we are reminded of the fundamental truths that underpin the human condition, and we are challenged to reflect on our own actions and choices. By embracing the lessons of Aesop's fables, we can cultivate a deeper sense of empathy, wisdom, and personal growth, ultimately contributing to a more just, compassionate, and enlightened world.。

伊索寓言的故事作文,350字

伊索寓言的故事作文,350字Aesop's fables are timeless tales that have been passed down through generations.伊索寓言是流传千年的不朽故事。

These stories are not only entertaining, but they also contain valuable morals and lessons that are still relevant today.这些故事不仅富有趣味，而且包含着至今仍然适用的宝贵道德和教训。

One of the most famous fables is "The Tortoise and the Hare," which teaches us that slow and steady wins the race.其中最著名的寓言之一是《乌龟与兔子》，它告诉我们稳扎稳打会赢得比赛。

This story conveys the important message that perseverance and determination are essential for success.这个故事传达了坚持不懈和决心对于成功是至关重要的信息。

Another well-known fable is "The Boy Who Cried Wolf," which teaches us about the consequences of dishonesty.另一个著名的寓言是《狼来了》，它告诉我们说谎的后果。

This story warns us of the dangers of lying and the importance of honesty and integrity in our interactions with others.这个故事警示我们撒谎的危险，以及在与他人交往中诚实和正直的重要性。

伊索寓言英文加汉语读后感80字

伊索寓言英文加汉语读后感80字Aesop's Fables: A Reflection。

Aesop's Fables have been treasured for centuries, captivating readers with their timeless wisdom and moral lessons. These fables, written by the Greek storyteller Aesop, have not only entertained generations but also imparted valuable life lessons. In this reflection, I will share my thoughts on a few of these fables and how they have resonated with me.One of the fables that particularly stood out to me is "The Lion and the Mouse." This story teaches us the importance of kindness and how even the smallest acts can have a significant impact. In the fable, a mighty lion spares the life of a tiny mouse. Later, when the lion is trapped in a hunter's net, the mouse comes to his rescue by gnawing through the ropes. This fable reminds me that we should never underestimate the power of compassion and that even the most unexpected allies can come to our aid.Another fable that struck a chord with me is "The Tortoise and the Hare." This fable emphasizes the value of perseverance and hard work. In the story, a hare challenges a tortoise to a race. The hare, confident in his speed, takes a leisurely approach, while the tortoise plods along steadily. In the end, the tortoise wins the race, proving that slow and steady wins the race. This fable serves as a reminder that success is not always determined by natural talent but by consistent effort and determination."The Boy Who Cried Wolf" is another fable that holds a valuable lesson. In this story, a young shepherd boy repeatedly tricks the villagers by falsely claiming that a wolf is attacking his flock. When a real wolf finally appears, the villagers no longer believe the boy's cries for help, and his flock is devoured. This fable teaches us about the consequences of dishonesty and the importance of credibility. It reminds me of the significance of being truthful and reliable in our words and actions."The Ant and the Grasshopper" is a fable that teaches us about the importance of hard work and preparation. In this story, an ant spends the summer gathering food andpreparing for the winter, while a grasshopper spends his time singing and enjoying the sunshine. When winter arrives, the grasshopper is left hungry and cold, while the ant is well-prepared and survives comfortably. This fable serves as a reminder that we should not be complacent and should plan and work diligently for the future.Aesop's Fables are not merely children's stories but contain profound wisdom that applies to people of all ages. These fables teach us about the complexities of human nature, the consequences of our actions, and the virtues we should strive for. They remind us of the power of kindness, perseverance, honesty, and hard work. Through these timeless tales, Aesop encourages us to reflect on our own lives and make positive changes.In conclusion, Aesop's Fables continue to captivate readers with their enduring lessons. These fables transcend time and culture, offering valuable insights into the human condition. As I reflect on these fables, I am reminded of the importance of kindness, perseverance, honesty, and hard work in our lives. Aesop's Fables serve as a timeless guide, urging us to be better individuals and make a positive impact on the world around us.。

伊索寓言英语读后感

伊索寓言英语读后感Aesop's Fables is a collection of short stories that teach moral lessons through the use of animals and their interactions. The stories are simple and easy to understand, making them a great way to teach children about important values and principles. After reading Aesop's Fables, I was impressed by the timeless wisdom and insight contained within these stories.One of the fables that stood out to me was "The Tortoise and the Hare." This story teaches the important lesson of perseverance and determination. In the story, the hare is confident in his speed and mocks the slow-moving tortoise. However, the tortoise remains focused and determined, eventually winning the race. This fable reminds us that slow and steady progress can lead to success, and that overconfidence can lead to failure.Another fable that resonated with me was "The Ant and the Grasshopper." This story contrasts the hardworking ant with the carefree grasshopper. The ant spends the summer gathering food for the winter, while the grasshopper spends his time singing and playing. When winter comes, the grasshopper is left hungry and cold, while the ant has more than enough food to survive. This fable teaches the importance of hard work and preparation, and the consequences of laziness and procrastination.What I appreciate most about Aesop's Fables is the universal truths they convey. These stories have been passed down through generations because they contain wisdom that is relevant to people of all ages and backgrounds. The lessons in these fables are timeless and can be applied to many different aspects of life, from personal relationships to professional endeavors.Reading Aesop's Fables has inspired me to reflect on my own actions and decisions. The stories have encouraged me to think more about the consequences of my choices and to consider the values that guide my behavior. I have also been reminded of the importance of empathy and understanding, as many of the fables emphasize the importance of treating others with kindness and respect.Overall, Aesop's Fables is a timeless collection of stories that offer valuable lessons for readers of all ages. The wisdom contained within these fables has stood the test of time and continues to be relevant in today's world. I highly recommend Aesop's Fables to anyone looking for a simple yet profound way to learn about important values and principles. These stories have the power to inspire and motivate readers to live a more thoughtful and meaningful life.。

《伊索寓言》读后感英文500字

《伊索寓言》读后感英文500字Reading "Aesop’s Fables" was an enlightening experience for me. It taught me the importance of wisdom, kindness and compassion in life. The stories were interesting and well written, with excellent use of language to effectively convey the moral of each story. I found myself reflecting on each story and identifying with the characters. Through these stories, I learned lessons I can apply in my own life.For example, one of my favorite fables was “The Lion and the Mouse”. This story show s us that even the smallest of creatures can make an impact on our lives. It reminded me never to take things for granted, no matter how small they may seem. Another one that stood out to me was “The Fox and the Grapes”. This teaches us that it is easy to make excuses for our shortcomings and failures, instead of working hard to overcome them.Overall, “Aesop’s Fables” provides a valuable insight into what is truly important in life. It has helped me realize that we should not take things for granted and have faith in ourselves. It has also made me more aware of how my actions may affect others, no matter how insignificant they may appear. Reading this book has been an extremely rewarding experience, and I am sure that it will remain with me for years to come.。

伊索寓言七年级英文版概述读后感

Reflections on Reading "Aesop's Fables" in Seventh GradeReading "Aesop's Fables" in seventh grade was an enriching and thought-provoking experience. The collection of short stories, each carrying a profound moral lesson, not only entertained me but also taught me valuable life lessons.One of the stories that particularly resonated with me was "The Ant and the Grasshopper." It tells the tale of an ant who works hard throughout the summer, storing food for the winter, while a grasshopper idles away the days, enjoying the sunshine and song. When winter comes, the grasshopper is starving, and the ant offers him food, teaching us the importance of hard work and preparation for the future.Another story that stood out was "The Wolf and the Lamb." In this tale, a wolf encounters a lamb and tries to justify eating him by accusing the lamb of various crimes. The lamb responds by pointing out that even if he had committed those crimes, it would not justify the wolf's behavior. This story teaches us about the hypocrisy of those who use false accusations to justify their own wrongdoings.The lessons in these fables are not just applicable to children but are relevant for people of all ages. They teach us about the importance of hard work, honesty, kindness, and responsibility. The stories are simple yet profound, making them easy to understand and remember.Reading "Aesop's Fables" in seventh grade was a rewarding experience that not only provided entertainment but also instilled important values and morals in me. These stories will always be a treasured part of my childhood, and I will carry the lessons learned from them with me throughout my life.七年级阅读《伊索寓言》后的感想在七年级时阅读《伊索寓言》是一次丰富且引人深思的经历。

英语伊索寓言的作文

英语伊索寓言的作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

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伊索寓言中英文对照版

伊索寓言中英文对照版
【原创版】
目录
1.伊索寓言简介
2.伊索寓言的特点
3.伊索寓言中英文对照版的意义
4.伊索寓言中英文对照版的推荐
正文
伊索寓言是世界著名的寓言故事集，其作者为古希腊的伊索。

伊索寓言以动物为主要角色，通过生动的故事向读者传达道德教育。

这些故事短小精悍，语言简练，寓意深刻，具有很高的文学价值。

伊索寓言的特点在于它采用了拟人化的手法，将动物赋予了人类的行为和情感，以此来反映社会现实，表达道德观念。

这些故事既有对社会黑暗的讽刺，也有对善良、勇敢、智慧等品质的赞美。

因此，伊索寓言不仅具有文学价值，还具有很强的社会教育意义。

近年来，伊索寓言中英文对照版成为了广大读者喜爱的读物。

这种版本不仅保留了原文的韵味，还提供了精准的英文翻译，方便读者在欣赏故事的同时学习英语。

对于英语学习者来说，阅读伊索寓言中英文对照版是一种很好的学习方法。

在这里，我们向大家推荐几本优秀的伊索寓言中英文对照版。

首先，上海外语教育出版社出版的《伊索寓言中英文对照》一书，该书选材广泛，故事丰富，适合各个年龄段的读者。

其次，外语教学与研究出版社出版的《伊索寓言双语读本》，该书翻译准确，插图精美，是学习英语的优秀读物。

最后，中国国际广播出版社出版的《伊索寓言中英文对照全集》，该书收录了伊索寓言的全部故事，是研究伊索寓言的宝贵资料。

总之，伊索寓言中英文对照版不仅为我们提供了文学欣赏的价值，还为我们提供了学习英语的便利。

伊索寓言故事观后感

伊索寓言故事观后感【中英文版】Storyline:Once upon a time, there was a wise old man named Aesop who was known for his engaging fables.He was traveling through a village and decided to stay at the home of a poor woodcutter and his wife.The woodcutter, eager to learn from Aesop, asked him to share a story.Aesop began to tell the story of a mouse and a lion.情节：从前，有一个名叫伊索的智者，他因其引人入胜的寓言故事而闻名。

他穿过一个村庄，决定在一个贫穷的木匠和他的妻子家里留宿。

木匠渴望向伊索学习，请他讲一个故事。

伊索开始讲述一只老鼠和一头狮子的故事。

Impression:After hearing the story, the woodcutter was intrigued by the moral of the tale.He realized that sometimes the smallest and most unexpected individuals can have a significant impact on the world.The story also reminded him that strength does not always guarantee victory, as the lion"s pride led to its downfall.观后感：听完故事后，木匠对寓言的寓意感到好奇。

他意识到，有时最小的和最不期待的人可以对世界产生重大影响。

《伊索寓言》读后感（英文）

《伊索寓言》读后感（英文）这学期，我读了《伊索寓言》，我对这本书爱不释手，有了许多感想，书里面的人物时时浮现在我眼前。

里面的寓言都有着深刻的的道理。

使我颇有感触。

下面是小编为大家整理的“《伊索寓言》读后感（英文）”。

本内容为大家提供参考。

希望对您有所帮助。

请关注《伊索寓言》读后感Aesop's fable, from the folk, so the lower level of society people's life and thoughts and feelings have been more prominent reflection. Such as the disclosure of greed and selfishness of the rich; The scourge of the cruel nature of the wicked; The affirmation of labor to create wealth; Criticism of social inequality; Satire on cowardice and laziness; Praise for the brave struggle. There are many fables that teach people how to live, how to behave, how to distinguish right from wrong, how to become smart and intelligent. Aesop's fable is an overview, extraction and summary of the ancient Greek life and struggle, is a spiritual heritage left by the ancient Greeks to future generations.Aesop's fable, concise text, vivid story, rich imagination, full of philosophy, ideological and artistic integration. Among them, the farmer and snake, fox and grape, wolf and lamb, tortoise and rabbit race, shepherd boy and wolf, farmer and his children have become a household name in the world.This book has the most readers in the world, it has the greatest impact on western ethics, political thought. The essence of eastern and western folk literature, the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people. One of the world's oldest fables, one of 100 books that influence human culture.Aesop's fables, the world's oldest collection of fables, is short,informal, simple story often shines with the light of wisdom, burst into the spark of wit, No. 1 with profound meaning. It is not only to instill the concept of good and evil beauty and ugliness of enlightenment textbooks for children, but also a textbook of life, has a great impact on future generations. In the history of European literature, it laid the foundation for fable creation. In literary works and even political works of various countries in the world, Aesop's fable is often quoted, or as a metaphor when reasoning argument, or as a weapon of criticism and satire. The essence of the book, still has a positive practical significance. In the history of European fable development, ancient Greek fable occupies an important position. It pioneered the development of European allegory and influenced the whole process of the development of European allegory. allegory is a kind of folk oral creation, which mainly reflects people's life wisdom, including social activities, productive labor and daily life. Aesop's fables are compiled according to various manuscripts handed down from ancient times, including more than 300 fables, some of which are popular. " Aesop's fables" animals in addition to some animals, generally there is no fixed character characteristics, such as fox, wolf, etc., sometimes be endowed with negative character, sometimes be affirmed, by personification of animals to express the author's ideas. These animal stories are undoubtedly fictional, yet natural and realistic. This is not the same as the basic stereotype of character formed by the fable of future generations.Aesop's fables had a great influence on the development of European fables. In the first century ad, the ancient Roman fable writer ferdruse inherited Aesop's fable tradition directly, borrowed many stories from Aesop's fable, and called his fable " Aesop's fable". The Greek fable writer ba Briouse in the 2ndcentury a.d. adopted Aesop's fable more. This tradition was inherited by the late ancient Greek and Roman allegories. After the renaissance, Aesop's fables copy of the reorganization and publishing greatly promoted the development of European fables, has appeared a lot of good fable writers, such as French seal Dan, german Lessing, Russian krylov, etc.Aesop's fables were introduced into China in Ming dynasty with the gradual spread of western learning to the east. The first western missionary Matteo Ricci to China during his life in China from the distorted ten articles, which introduced Aesop, Aesop's fables have been cited. After him missionary ponti I also in the " seven grams" introduced, quoted Aesop's fable. The first translation of Aesop's fable in China was kuangyi published in Xi 'an in 1625. After the Qing dynasty, there were many translations of Aesop's fables. The above situation shows that Aesop's fable has been circulating for a long time in our country, it is still popular, fondle admiringly. It's a book worth reading.Aesop's fables are mostly animal stories, with animals as metaphor, teach people life and life. Aesop's fable form is short and concise, metaphor is appropriate, vivid, has a great influence on future generations.Aesop's fables collected a total of three or four hundred stories, and lyric poetry mainly reflects the noble slave owners of different thoughts and feelings, these stories are mainly bullied the lower civilians and slaves struggle experience and lessons of life summary. Allegory describes the relationship between animals to show the social relations at that time, mainly the unequal relationship between the oppressor and the oppressed. The allegorical writer condemned the oppression of the people in society at that time and called on the bullied people to uniteto fight against the wicked. For example, the story of " the farmer and the snake" advises people not to be kind to the enemy; The dog and rooster and fox tells people to be good at using wisdom, to overcome the enemy; In the stories of the lion and the deer, the bird catcher and the crested sparrow, and the two pots, the author reveals that when the regime is in the hands of greedy and brutal rulers, it is impossible for the poor to live in peace.。

伊索寓言的感悟

伊索寓言的感悟【中英文实用版】Title: Insights from Aesop"s FablesTitle: 伊索寓言的感悟In the classic tales of Aesop"s Fables, wisdom is dispensed through the actions and fates of various animals, teaching readers valuable life lessons in a charming and memorable way.在伊索的经典寓言中，智慧通过各种动物的行为和命运得以传达，以一种迷人而难忘的方式向读者传授宝贵的生活教训。

One of the most enduring lessons from Aesop"s Fables is the importance of perseverance and hard work.In the story of the Tortoise and the Hare, the turtle"s slow and steady pace allows him to win the race against the faster but more arrogant hare.伊索寓言中最持久的教训之一是坚持和努力工作的重要性。

在《乌龟和兔子》的故事中，乌龟的缓慢而稳定的步伐使他能够在与速度更快但更自大的兔子的比赛中获胜。

Another lesson is the danger of assumptions and prejudice.The story of the Fox and the Crow illustrates how a flattering word can deceive and lead to a costly mistake.另一个教训是假设和偏见的危险。

伊索寓言的英文读书报告

伊索寓言的英文读书报告简介伊索寓言是西方文学中最著名的寓言之一，作者是古希腊作家伊索。

这些寓言多以动物为主人公，通过描述它们与人类的交往，展示出人性中的善恶、友爱、勇气、谋略等诸多方面。

本篇英文读书报告主要介绍了伊索寓言的特点和意义，希望能够给读者留下深刻的印象。

主要内容特点伊索寓言有以下几个特点：1.表现出强烈的社会批判意味。

伊索寓言中常常以动物来代表不同的社会角色，如狐狸代表狡猾的小人，狮子代表君主，老鼠代表微不足道的平民等。

通过这种方式，伊索深刻地揭示了社会中的不公和虚伪，用动物的形象来表现人性中的各种弱点和缺点。

2.以简洁明快的语言来刻画人物。

伊索寓言的语言流畅简洁，讲述故事的方式也很直观，很容易让人们理解其中的寓意。

人物形象简明扼要，寥寥数语就能将其特点表现出来。

3.引发读者深刻反思。

通过对不同动物以及它们所处的环境和角色的刻画，伊索寓言揭示了人性中的各种弱点和缺点，引发读者对人性和社会的深刻反思。

人们可以从寓言中领悟到许多智慧，警醒自己，提高自己的道德修养和思想层次。

意义伊索寓言对世界文化遗产和人类文明的发展做出了卓越贡献。

它不仅是古希腊文化的重要组成部分，更代表了智慧、真理和道德的高度，是人类感悟人性、追求真理的重要圣典。

伊索寓言是一本智慧之书，是伟大作家的智慧结晶。

通过读伊索寓言，我们可以感受到古希腊文化中的深邃思想和高尚品格，深刻理解人性的多样性和复杂性。

同时，伊索寓言也体现了它所处时代的各种文化、政治和社会背景。

通过伊索寓言，我们可以了解到古希腊文明的兴衰以及人类文明的发展历程，对人类文化和历史的理解也将更加深入。

总结伊索寓言是传世宝典，是展现人类智慧和思想的典范，其时代价值和普适意义不可小觑。

希望读者能够通过阅读伊索寓言，提高自己的思维层次和道德素养，更好地应对人生困境，追求真理和智慧。

【英文文学】伊索寓言 Aesop's Fables

【英文文学】伊索寓言Aesop's FablesPrefaceTHE TALE, the Parable, and the Fable are all common and popular modes of conveying instruction. Each is distinguished by its own special characteristics. The Tale consists simply in the narration of a story either founded on facts, or created solely by the imagination, and not necessarily associated with the teaching of any moral lesson. The Parable is the designed use of language purposely intended to convey a hidden and secret meaning other than that contained in the words themselves; and which may or may not bear a special reference to the hearer, or reader. The Fable partly agrees with, and partly differs from both of these. It will contain, like the Tale, a short but real narrative; it will seek, like the Parable, to convey a hidden meaning, and that not so much by the use of language, as by the skilful introduction of fictitious characters; and yet unlike to either Tale or Parable, it will ever keep in view, as its high prerogative, and inseparable attribute, the great purpose of instruction, and will necessarily seek to inculcate some moral maxim, social duty, or political truth. The true Fable, if it rise to its high requirements, ever aims at one great end and purpose representation of human motive, and the improvement of human conduct, and yet it so conceals its design under the disguise of fictitious characters, by clothing with speech the animals of the field, the birds of the air, the trees of the wood, or the beasts of the forest, that the reader shall receive advice without perceiving the presence of the adviser. Thus the superiority of the counsellor, which often renders counsel unpalatable, is kept out of view, and the lesson comes with the greater acceptance when the reader is led, unconsciously to himself, to have his sympathies enlisted in behalf of what is pure, honorable, and praiseworthy, and to have his indignation excited against what is low, ignoble, and unworthy. The true fabulist, therefore, discharges a most important function. He is neither a narrator, nor an allegorist. He is a great teacher, a corrector of morals, a censor of vice, and a commender of virtue. In this consists the superiority of the Fable over the Tale or the Parable. The fabulist is to create a laugh, but yet, under a merry guise, to convey instruction. Phaedrus, the great imitator of Aesop, plainly indicates this double purpose to be the true office of the writer of fables.Duplex libelli dos est: quod risum movet,Et quod prudenti vitam consilio monet.The continual observance of this twofold aim creates the charm, and accounts for the universal favor, of the fables of Aesop. “The fable,”says Professor K. O. Mueller, “originated in Greece in an intentional travestie of human affairs. The ‘ainos,’as its name denotes, is an admonition, or rather a reproof veiled, either from fear of an excess of frankness, or from a love of fun and jest, beneath the fiction of an occurrence happening among beasts; and wherever we have any ancient and authentic account of the Aesopian fables, we find it to be the same.”1The construction of a fable involves a minute attention to (1) the narration itself; (2) the deduction of the moral; and (3) a careful maintenance of the individual characteristics of the fictitious personages introduced into it. The narration should relate to one simple action, consistent with itself, and neither be overladen with a multiplicity of details, nor distracted by a variety of circumstances. The moral or lesson should be so plain, and so intimately interwovenwith, and so necessarily dependent on, the narration, that every reader should be compelled to give to it the same undeniable interpretation. The introduction of the animals or fictitious characters should be marked with an unexceptionable care and attention to their natural attributes, and to the qualities attributed to them by universal popular consent. The Fox should be always cunning, the Hare timid, the Lion bold, the Wolf cruel, the Bull strong, the Horse proud, and the Ass patient. Many of these fables are characterized by the strictest observance of these rules. They are occupied with one short narrative, from which the moral naturally flows, and with which it is intimately associated. “’Tis the simple manner,”says Dodsley, 2 “in which the morals of Aesop are interwoven with his fables that distinguishes him, and gives him the preference over all other mythologists. His ‘Mountain delivered of a Mouse,’produces the moral of his fable in ridicule of pompous pretenders; and his Crow, when she drops her cheese, lets fall, as it were by accident, the strongest admonition against the power of flattery. There is no need of a separate sentence to explain it; no possibility of impressing it deeper, by that load we too often see of accumulated reflections.” 3 An equal amount of praise is due for the consistency with which the characters of the animals, fictitiously introduced, are marked. While they are made to depict the motives and passions of men, they retain, in an eminent degree, their own special features of craft or counsel, of cowardice or courage, of generosity or rapacity. These terms of praise, it must be confessed, cannot be bestowed on all the fables in this collection. Many of them lack that unity of design, that close connection of the moral with the narrative, that wise choice in the introduction of the animals, which constitute the charm and excellency of true Aesopian fable. This inferiority of some to others is sufficiently accounted for in the history of the origin and descent of these fables. The great bulk of them are not the immediate work of Aesop. Many are obtained from ancient authors prior to the time in which he lived. Thus, the fable of the “Hawk and the Nightingale”is related by Hesiod; 4 the “Eagle wounded by an Arrow, winged with its own Feathers,”by Aeschylus; 5 the “Fox avenging his wrongs on the Eagle,”by Archilochus. 6 Many of them again are of later origin, and are to be traced to the monks of the middle ages: and yet this collection, though thus made up of fables both earlier and later than the era of Aesop, rightfully bears his name, because he composed so large a number (all framed in the same mould, and conformed to the same fashion, and stamped with the same lineaments, image, and superscription) as to secure to himself the right to be considered the father of Greek fables, and the founder of this class of writing, which has ever since borne his name, and has secured for him, through all succeeding ages, the position of the first of moralists.7The fables were in the first instance only narrated by Aesop, and for a long time were handed down by the uncertain channel of oral tradition. Socrates is mentioned by Plato 8 as having employed his time while in prison, awaiting the return of the sacred ship from Delphos which was to be the signal of his death, in turning some of these fables into verse, but he thus versified only such as he remembered. Demetrius Phalereus, a philosopher at Athens about 300 B.C., is said to have made the first collection of these fables. Phaedrus, a slave by birth or by subsequent misfortunes, and admitted by Augustus to the honors of a freedman, imitated many of these fables in Latin iambics about the commencement of the Christian era. Aphthonius, a rhetorician of Antioch, A.D. 315, wrote a treatise on, and converted into Latin prose, some of these fables. This translation is the more worthy of notice, as it illustrates a custom of common use, both in these and in later times. The rhetoricians and philosophers were accustomed to give the Fablesof Aesop as an exercise to their scholars, not only inviting them to discuss the moral of the tale, but also to practice and to perfect themselves thereby in style and rules of grammar, by making for themselves new and various versions of the fables. Ausonius, 9 the friend of the Emperor Valentinian, and the latest poet of eminence in the Western Empire, has handed down some of these fables in verse, which Julianus Titianus, a contemporary writer of no great name, translated into prose. Avienus, also a contemporary of Ausonius, put some of these fables into Latin elegiacs, which are given by Nevelet (in a book we shall refer to hereafter), and are occasionally incorporated with the editions of Phaedrus.Seven centuries elapsed before the next notice is found of the Fables of Aesop. During this long period these fables seem to have suffered an eclipse, to have disappeared and to have been forgotten; and it is at the commencement of the fourteenth century, when the Byzantine emperors were the great patrons of learning, and amidst the splendors of an Asiatic court, that we next find honors paid to the name and memory of Aesop. Maximus Planudes, a learned monk of Constantinople, made a collection of about a hundred and fifty of these fables. Little is known of his history. Planudes, however, was no mere recluse, shut up in his monastery. He took an active part in public affairs. In 1327 A.D. he was sent on a diplomatic mission to Venice by the Emperor Andronicus the Elder. This brought him into immediate contact with the Western Patriarch, whose interests he henceforth advocated with so much zeal as to bring on him suspicion and persecution from the rulers of the Eastern Church. Planudes has been exposed to a two-fold accusation. He is charged on the one hand with having had before him a copy of Babrias (to whom we shall have occasion to refer at greater length in the end of this Preface), and to have had the bad taste “to transpose,”or to turn his poetical version into prose: and he is asserted, on the other hand, never to have seen the Fables of Aesop at all, but to have himself invented and made the fables which he palmed off under the name of the famous Greek fabulist. The truth lies between these two extremes. Planudes may have invented some few fables, or have inserted some that were current in his day; but there is an abundance of unanswerable internal evidence to prove that he had an acquaintance with the veritable fables of Aesop, although the versions he had access to were probably corrupt, as contained in the various translations and disquisitional exercises of the rhetoricians and philosophers. His collection is interesting and important, not only as the parent source or foundation of the earlier printed versions of Aesop, but as the direct channel of attracting to these fables the attention of the learned.The eventual re-introduction, however, of these Fables of Aesop to their high place in the general literature of Christendom, is to be looked for in the West rather than in the East. The calamities gradually thickening round the Eastern Empire, and the fall of Constantinople, 1453 A.D. combined with other events to promote the rapid restoration of learning in Italy; and with that recovery of learning the revival of an interest in the Fables of Aesop is closely identified. These fables, indeed, were among the first writings of an earlier antiquity that attracted attention. They took their place beside the Holy Scriptures and the ancient classic authors, in the minds of the great students of that day. Lorenzo Valla, one of the most famous promoters of Italian learning, not only translated into Latin the Iliad of Homer and the Histories of Herodotus and Thucydides, but also the Fables of Aesop.These fables, again, were among the books brought into an extended circulation by the agency of the printing press. Bonus Accursius, as early as 1475-1480, printed the collection of these fables, made by Planudes, which, within five years afterwards, Caxton translated into English, andprinted at his press in West —minster Abbey, 1485. 10 It must be mentioned also that the learning of this age has left permanent traces of its influence on these fables, 11 by causing the interpolation with them of some of those amusing stories which were so frequently introduced into the public discourses of the great preachers of those days, and of which specimens are yet to be found in the extant sermons of Jean Raulin, Meffreth, and Gabriel Barlette. 12 The publication of this era which most probably has influenced these fables, is the “Liber Facetiarum,”13 a book consisting of a hundred jests and stories, by the celebrated Poggio Bracciolini, published A.D. 1471, from which the two fables of the “Miller, his Son, and the Ass,”and the “Fox and the Woodcutter,”are undoubtedly selected.The knowledge of these fables rapidly spread from Italy into Germany, and their popularity was increased by the favor and sanction given to them by the great fathers of the Reformation, who frequently used them as vehicles for satire and protest against the tricks and abuses of the Romish ecclesiastics. The zealous and renowned Camerarius, who took an active part in the preparation of the Confession of Augsburgh, found time, amidst his numerous avocations, to prepare a version for the students in the university of Tubingen, in which he was a professor. Martin Luther translated twenty of these fables, and was urged by Melancthon to complete the whole; while Gottfried Arnold, the celebrated Lutheran theologian, and librarian to Frederick I, king of Prussia, mentions that the great Reformer valued the Fables of Aesop next after the Holy Scriptures. In 1546 A.D. the second printed edition of the collection of the Fables made by Planudes, was issued from the printing-press of Robert Stephens, in which were inserted some additional fables from a MS. in the Bibliotheque du Roy at Paris.The greatest advance, however, towards a re-introduction of the Fables of Aesop to a place in the literature of the world, was made in the early part of the seventeenth century. In the year 1610, a learned Swiss, Isaac Nicholas Nevelet, sent forth the third printed edition of these fables, in a work entitled “Mythologia Aesopica.”This was a noble effort to do honor to the great fabulist, and was the most perfect collection of Aesopian fables ever yet published. It consisted, in addition to the collection of fables given by Planudes and reprinted in the various earlier editions, of one hundred and thirty-six new fables (never before published) from MSS. in the Library of the Vatican, of forty fables attributed to Aphthonius, and of forty-three from Babrias. It also contained the Latin versions of the same fables by Phaedrus, Avienus, and other authors. This volume of Nevelet forms a complete “Corpus Fabularum Aesopicarum;”and to his labors Aesop owes his restoration to universal favor as one of the wise moralists and great teachers of mankind. During the interval of three centuries which has elapsed since the publication of this volume of Nevelet’s, no book, with the exception of the Holy Scriptures, has had a wider circulation than Aesop’s Fables. They have been translated into the greater number of the languages both of Europe and of the East, and have been read, and will be read, for generations, alike by Jew, Heathen, Mohammedan, and Christian. They are, at the present time, not only engrafted into the literature of the civilized world, but are familiar as household words in the common intercourse and daily conversation of the inhabitants of all countries.This collection of Nevelet’s is the great culminating point in the history of the revival of the fame and reputation of Aesopian Fables. It is remarkable, also, as containing in its preface the germ of an idea, which has been since proved to have been correct by a strange chain of circumstances. Nevelet intimates an opinion, that a writer named Babrias would be found to be the veritable author of the existing form of Aesopian Fables. This intimation has since given rise to a series ofinquiries, the knowledge of which is necessary, in the present day, to a full understanding of the true position of Aesop in connection with the writings that bear his name.The history of Babrias is so strange and interesting, that it might not unfitly be enumerated among the curiosities of literature. He is generally supposed to have been a Greek of Asia Minor, of one of the Ionic Colonies, but the exact period in which he lived and wrote is yet unsettled. He is placed, by one critic, 14 as far back as the institution of the Achaian League, B.C. 250; by another as late as the Emperor Severus, who died A.D. 235; while others make him a contemporary with Phaedrus in the time of Augustus. At whatever time he wrote his version of Aesop, by some strange accident it seems to have entirely disappeared, and to have been lost sight of. His name is mentioned by Avienus; by Suidas, a celebrated critic, at the close of the eleventh century, who gives in his lexicon several isolated verses of his version of the fables; and by John Tzetzes, a grammarian and poet of Constantinople, who lived during the latter half of the twelfth century. Nevelet, in the preface to the volume which we have described, points out that the Fables of Planudes could not be the work of Aesop, as they contain a reference in two places to “Holy monks,”and give a verse from the Epistle of St. James as an “Epimith”to one of the fables, and suggests Babrias as their author. Francis Vavassor, 15 a learned French jesuit, entered at greater length on this subject, and produced further proofs from internal evidence, from the use of the word Piraeus in describing the harbour of Athens, a name which was not given till two hundred years after Aesop, and from the introduction of other modern words, that many of these fables must have been at least committed to writing posterior to the time of Aesop, and more boldly suggests Babrias as their author or collector. 16 These various references to Babrias induced Dr. Plichard Bentley, at the close of the seventeenth century, to examine more minutely the existing versions of Aesop’s Fables, and he maintained that many of them could, with a slight change of words, be resolved into the Scazonic 17 iambics, in which Babrias is known to have written: and, with a greater freedom than the evidence then justified, he put forth, in behalf of Babrias, a claim to the exclusive authorship of these fables. Such a seemingly extravagant theory, thus roundly asserted, excited much opposition. Dr. Bentley 18 met with an able antagonist in a member of the University of Oxford, the Hon. Mr. Charles Boyle, 19 afterwards Earl of Orrery. Their letters and disputations on this subject, enlivened on both sides with much wit and learning, will ever bear a conspicuous place in the literary history of the seventeenth century. The arguments of Dr. Bentley were yet further defended a few years later by Mr. Thomas Tyrwhitt, a well-read scholar, who gave up high civil distinctions that he might devote himself the more unreservedly to literary pursuits. Mr. Tyrwhitt published, A.D. 1776, a Dissertation on Babrias, and a collection of his fables in choliambic meter found in a MS. in the Bodleian Library at Oxford. Francesco de Furia, a learned Italian, contributed further testimony to the correctness of the supposition that Babrias had made a veritable collection of fables by printing from a MS. contained in the Vatican library several fables never before published. In the year 1844, however, new and unexpected light was thrown upon this subject. A veritable copy of Babrias was found in a manner as singular as were the MSS. of Quinctilian’s Institutes, and of Cicero’s Orations by Poggio in the monastery of St. Gall A.D. 1416. M. Menoides, at the suggestion of M. Villemain, Minister of Public Instruction to King Louis Philippe, had been entrusted with a commission to search for ancient MSS., and in carrying out his instructions he found a MS. at the convent of St. Laura, on Mount Athos, which proved to be a copy of the long suspected and wished-for choliambic version of Babrias. This MS. was found to be divided into two books, the onecontaining a hundred and twenty-five, and the other ninety-five fables. This discovery attracted very general attention, not only as confirming, in a singular manner, the conjectures so boldly made by a long chain of critics, but as bringing to light valuable literary treasures tending to establish the reputation, and to confirm the antiquity and authenticity of the great mass of Aesopian Fable. The Fables thus recovered were soon published. They found a most worthy editor in the late distinguished Sir George Cornewall Lewis, and a translator equally qualified for his task, in the Reverend James Davies, M.A., sometime a scholar of Lincoln College, Oxford, and himself a relation of their English editor. Thus, after an eclipse of many centuries, Babrias shines out as the earliest, and most reliable collector of veritable Aesopian Fables.The following are the sources from which the present translation has been prepared: Babrii Fabulae Aesopeae. George Cornewall Lewis. Oxford, 1846.Babrii Fabulae Aesopeae. E codice manuscripto partem secundam edidit. George Cornewall Lewis. London: Parker, 1857.Mythologica Aesopica. Opera et studia Isaaci Nicholai Neveleti. Frankfort, 1610.Fabulae Aesopiacae, quales ante Planudem ferebantur cura et studio Francisci de Furia. Lipsiae, 1810.ΑισωπειωνΜυθωνΣυναγωγη Ex recognitione Caroli Halmii. Lipsiae, Phaedri Fabulae Esopiae. Delphin Classics. 1822.GEORGE FYLER TOWNSEND1. A History of the Literature of Ancient Greece, by K. O. Mueller. Vol. i, p. l9l. London, Parker, 1858.2. Select Fables of Aesop, and other Fabulists. In three books, translated by Robert Dodsley, accompanied with a selection of notes, and an Essay on Fable. Birmingham, 1864. P. 60.3. Some of these fables had, no doubt, in the first instance, a primary and private interpretation. On the first occasion of their being composed they were intended to refer to some passing event, or to some individual acts of wrong-doing. Thus, the fables of the “Eagle and the Fox”and of the “Fox and Monkey’are supposed to have been written by Archilochus, to avenge the injuries done him by Lycambes. So also the fables of the “Swollen Fox”and of the “Frogs asking a King”were spoken by Aesop for the immediate purpose of reconciling the inhabitants of Samos and Athens to their respective rulers, Periander and Pisistratus; while the fable of the “Horse and Stag”was composed to caution the inhabitants of Himera against granting a bodyguard to Phalaris. In a similar manner, the fable from Phaedrus, the “Marriage of the Sun,”is supposed to have reference to the contemplated union of Livia, the daughter of Drusus, with Sejanus the favourite, and minister of Trajan. These fables, however, though thus originating in special events, and designed at first to meet special circumstances, are so admirably constructed as to be fraught with lessons of general utility, and of universal application.4. Hesiod. Opera et Dies, verse 202.5. Aeschylus. Fragment of the Myrmidons. Aeschylus speaks of this fable as existing before his day. See Scholiast on the Aves of Aristophanes, line 808.6. Fragment. 38, ed. Gaisford. See also Mueller’s History of the Literature of Ancient Greece, vol.i. pp. 190-193.7. M. Bayle has well put this in his account of Aesop. “Il n’y a point d’apparence que les fablesqui portent aujourd’hui son nom soient les memes qu’il avait faites; elles viennent bien de lui pour la plupart, quant a la matiere et la pensee; mais les paroles sont d’un autre.”And again, “C’est donc a Hesiode, que j’aimerais mieux attribuer la gloire de l’invention; mais sans doute il laissa la chose tres imparfaite. Esope la perfectionne si heureusement, qu’on l’a regarde comme le vrai pere de cette sorte de production.”M. Bayle. Dictionnaire Historique.8. Plato in Ph?done.9. Apologos en! misit tibiAb usque Rheni limiteAusonius nomen ItalumPraeceptor Augusti tuiAesopiam trimetriam;Quam vertit exili styloPedestre concinnans opusFandi Titianus artifex.—Ausonii Epistola, xvi. 75-80.10. Both these publications are in the British Museum, and are placed in the library in cases under glass, for the inspection of the curious. ll Fables may possibly have been not entirely unknown to the mediaeval scholars. There are two celebrated works which might by some be classed amongst works of this description. The one is the “Speculum Sapientiae,”attributed to St. Cyril, Archbishop of Jerusalem, but of a considerably later origin, and existing only in Latin. It is divided into four books, and consists of long conversations conducted by fictitious characters under the figures the beasts of the field and forest, and aimed at the rebuke of particular classes of men, the boastful, the proud, the luxurious, the wrathful, &c. None of the stories are precisely those of Aesop, and none have the concinnity, terseness, and unmistakable deduction of the lesson intended to be taught by the fable, so conspicuous in the great Greek fabulist. The exact title of the book is this: “Speculum Sapientiae, B. Cyrilli Episcopi: alias quadripartitus apologeticus vocatus, in cujus quidem proverbiis omnis et totius sapientiae speculum claret et feliciter incipit.”The other is a larger work in two volumes, published in the fourteenth century by Caesar Heisterbach, a Cistercian monk, under the title of “Dialogus Miraculorum,”reprinted in 1851. This work consists of conversations in which many stories are interwoven on all kinds of subjects. It has no correspondence with the pure Aesopian fable.12. Post-medieval Preachers, by S. Baring-Gould. Rivingtons, 1865.13. For an account of this work see the Life of Poggio Bracciolini, by the Rev. William Shepherd. Liverpool. 1801.14. Professor Theodore Bergh. See Classical Museum, No. viii. July, 1849.15. Vavassor’s treatise, entitled “De Ludicra Dictione”was written A.D. 1658, at the request of the celebrated M. Balzac (though published after his death), for the purpose of showing that the burlesque style of writing adopted by Scarron and D’Assouci, and at that time so popular in France, had no sanction from the ancient classic writers. Francisci Vavassoris opera omnia. Amsterdam. 1709.16. The claims of Babrias also found a warm advocate in the learned Frenchman, M. Bayle, who, in his admirable dictionary, (Dictionnaire Historique et Critique de Pierre Bayle. Paris, 1820,) gives additional arguments in confirmation of the opinions of his learned predecessors, Nevelet and Vavassor.17. Scazonic, or halting, iambics; a choliambic (a lame, halting iambic) differs from the iambic Senarius in always having a spondee or trichee for its last foot; the fifth foot, to avoid shortness of meter, being generally an iambic. See Fables of Babrias, translated by Rev. James Davies. Lockwood, 1860. Preface, p. 27.18. See Dr. Bentley’s Dissertations upon the Epistles of Phalaris.19. Dr. Bentley’s Dissertations on the Epistles of Phalaris, and Fables of Aesop examined. By the Honorable Charles Boyle.Life of AesopTHE LIFE and History of Aesop is involved, like that of Homer, the most famous of Greek poets, in much obscurity. Sardis, the capital of Lydia; Samos, a Greek island; Mesembria, an ancient colony in Thrace; and Cotiaeum, the chief city of a province of Phrygia, contend for the distinction of being the birthplace of Aesop. Although the honor thus claimed cannot be definitely assigned to any one of these places, yet there are a few incidents now generally accepted by scholars as established facts, relating to the birth, life, and death of Aesop. He is, by an almost universal consent, allowed to have been born about the year 620 B.C., and to have been by birth a slave. He was owned by two masters in succession, both inhabitants of Samos, Xanthus and Jadmon, the latter of whom gave him his liberty as a reward for his learning and wit. One of the privileges of a freedman in the ancient republics of Greece, was the permission to take an active interest in public affairs; and Aesop, like the philosophers Phaedo, Menippus, and Epictetus, in later times, raised himself from the indignity of a servile condition to a position of high renown. In his desire alike to instruct and to be instructed, he travelled through many countries, and among others came to Sardis, the capital of the famous king of Lydia, the great patron, in that day, of learning and of learned men. He met at the court of Croesus with Solon, Thales, and other sages, and is related so to have pleased his royal master, by the part he took in the conversations held with these philosophers, that he applied to him an expression which has since passed into a proverb, “The Phrygian has spoken better than all.”On the invitation of Croesus he fixed his residence at Sardis, and was employed by that monarch in various difficult and delicate affairs of State. In his discharge of these commissions he visited the different petty republics of Greece. At one time he is found in Corinth, and at another in Athens, endeavouring, by the narration of some of his wise fables, to reconcile the inhabitants of those cities to the administration of their respective rulers Periander and Pisistratus. One of these ambassadorial missions, undertaken at the command of Croesus, was the occasion of his death. Having been sent to Delphi with a large sum of gold for distribution among the citizens, he was so provoked at their covetousness that he refused to divide the money, and sent it back to his master. The Delphians, enraged at this treatment, accused him of impiety, and, in spite of his sacred character as ambassador, executed him as a public criminal. This cruel death of Aesop was not unavenged. The citizens of Delphi were visited with a series of calamities, until they made a public reparation of their crime; and, “The blood of Aesop”became a well —known adage, bearing witness to the truth that deeds of wrong would not pass unpunished. Neither did the great fabulist lack posthumous honors; for a statue was erected to his memory at Athens, the work of Lysippus, one of the most famous of Greek sculptors. Phaedrus thus immortalizes the event:Aesopo ingentem statuam posuere Attici,Servumque collocarunt aeterna in basi:。

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