第4讲 定语从句(一)
定语从句语法讲解英语
定语从句语法讲解英语定语从句语法讲解英语定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句，下面是店铺整理的定语从句语法讲解英语，一起来看看吧。
定语从句语法讲解英语1（一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that， which， who， whose， when，where，why）。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan， someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides， exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.（二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。
完整定语从句讲义
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）（一）定语从句的语法意义在复合句中，用一个由主谓结构的陈述句修饰某一个名词或代词的句子就叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；引导定语从句的词叫关系词（其作用一是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，三是重复先行词的意义，故其数与先行词一致）。
（二）由关系词引导的定语从句关系词先行词从句成分例句关系代词who 人主语The boy who helped us is called Nick.whom 人宾语The girl (whom) I met looks like Lily.I know the actor to whom you just talked.that 人，物主语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.I am not the fool (that) you thought me.which 物主语宾语This is a book which tells about Canada.The pen (which) you lent me is missing.whose 人，物定语This is the scientist whose name is known all over theworld.The room whose window is red is mine.关系副词when 时间状语Don’t forget the time when we met her.It happened on the day when I was out.where 地点This is the place where(=at/in which) we lived last year.I recently went to the town where(=in which) I was born. why 原因The reason why (=for which) he didn’t come was that hemissed his train.注意：1. whom及that, which 在从句中作宾语时，在口语和非正式问题中常可省略，但介词提前时，that 不能用，whom和which 也不能省略。
英语定语从句讲义全
定语从句（一）基本概念1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法（二）定语从句的注意点本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。
1.that与which, who, whom的用法区别2.as、which和that的区别3. where、when与why引导的定语从句4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”, 且两个关系代词均不能省略。
介词的选择要遵循两个原则：5.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
6.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别此外还要注意下列两点：▲定语从句与习惯句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai．②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life．解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。
故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。
②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。
限制性定语从句(1)关系代词 语法讲练
人教版必修第一册unit4语法讲练--限制性定语从句（1）在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why等。
一、关系代词的用法1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.在那次灾难中丧生的人数超过了100。
He is the athlete who I met yesterday.他就是我昨天遇见的那个运动员。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。
The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。
The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday is John’s brother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。
The man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of mine.刚才和你说话的男人是我的一个亲戚。
3．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The gold medal(which) she won has been given to her old school.她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
4．that既可以指人，相当于who或whom；也可以指物，相当于which。
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一.基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.② 由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解（一）一、详细的定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解英语定语从句是一个非常重要的语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词。
在定语从句中，从句起到一个形容词的作用，进一步说明所修饰的名词或代词。
定语从句由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，这些引导词在从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
下面是一些解释和示例：1. 关系代词和关系副词：关系代词引导定语从句，包括who（人）、whom（人）、that（人或物）、which（物）、whose（所有格形式的who 或which），它们在从句中作为主语、宾语或定语。
Example 1: My friend, who is a doctor, recommended this book. （who作为主语）我的朋友是医生，他推荐了这本书。
Example 2: The woman whom I met yesterday was very kind. （whom作为宾语）我昨天遇到的那位女士很友善。
Example 3: This is the book that I bought yesterday. （that作为定语）这是我昨天买的那本书。
关系副词引导定语从句，包括where（地方）、when（时间）、why（原因），它们在从句中作为同位语或状语。
Example 4: This is the school where I study. （where 作为同位语）这是我就读的学校。
Example 5: The day when we met was very sunny.— 1 —（when作为状语）我们相遇的那一天阳光明媚。
2. 定语从句的位置：定语从句通常放在所修饰的名词或代词之后，一些例外情况是，当修饰的名词是疑问词（如what、who、which）或所有格时，定语从句可以放在句首。
Example 6: The book that I read yesterday was very interesting. （定语从句放在所修饰的名词后）我昨天看的那本书非常有趣。
Unit 4 定语从句讲义 2021-2022学年外研版高中英语必修第一册
2022外研版英语-新高一-定语从句（专项练习）定语从句-全面解析【教学目标】能准确理解定语从句的定义、构成；关系代词和关系副词的区别【教学重点】定语从句关系代词的选用【教学难点】在复合句中，能正确辨认定语从句，并区别其他从句【教学内容一】定语从句-关系连词分类分类关系词所指代的先行词在从句中的成分关系代词who人主语、宾语（可省略）whom人宾语（可省略）which物主语、宾语（可省略）that人或物主语、宾语（可省略）Whose（谁的=adj）whose后必须是名词人或物定语关系副词when状语从句不缺成分时间状语where状语从句不缺成分地点状语why状语从句不缺成分原因状语【教学内容二】关系词的用法引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose。
关系副词有when，where，why等。
关系代词和关系副词不仅有连接先行词和从句的作用，而且在从句中担当一个句子成分。
1.关系代词的用法：1)由who引导的定语从句关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。
如：A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.（关系代词在从句中作主语）The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）2)由whom引导的定语从句关系代词whom只能指人，是who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，在口语中常常省略。
如：The man whom you met on the street is my father.（关系代词who在从句中作宾语，可以省略）The woman (whom)you talked with yesterday will come here the day after tomorrow.（关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，可以省略）3)由that引导的定语从句关系代词that在从句中既可以作主语，又可作宾语；既可指人，又可指物。
(人教版)高中英语必修一：unit 4 Earthquakes定语从句及语法讲解(I)
定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the book whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【定语从句一P1】，定语从句的定义Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good.他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from. 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her. 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词who, whom, which, that是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who代替先行词students在从句中充当主语）There is still much homework which we must finish.（which代替先行词homework在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who和whom1. who和whom代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用who引导，作宾语时用whom引导。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
定语从句 知识点讲解
定语从句知识点讲解定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。
它用来修饰名词或代词，给出更多的信息，进一步限定或说明这个名词或代词。
一、定语从句的引导词在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，它们引导定语从句的开始，起到连接作用。
1. 关系代词：关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that五个。
- Who用于表示人，在从句中做主语或宾语：This is the man whohelped me.- Whom用于表示人，在从句中做宾语：This is the man whom I met yesterday.- Whose用于表示人或物，在从句中做定语修饰：This is the man whose car was stolen.- Which用于表示物，在从句中做主语或宾语：This is the book whichI borrowed from the library.- That用于表示人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语，通常用于非限制性定语从句：This is the house that Jack built.（限制性）This is the house, which Jack built.（非限制性）2. 关系副词：关系副词有where, when, why三个。
第1页/共4页- Where用于表示地点，在从句中做状语：This is the place where we met.- When用于表示时间，在从句中也做状语：This is the time when we had a meeting.- Why用于表示原因，在从句中也做状语：This is the reason why he was late.二、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在名词前面或后面，它是修饰名词的重要手段。
1. 定语从句放在名词前面：This is the book that I borrowed from the library.（这是我从图书馆借来的书。
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案
定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
定语从句讲义
定语从句讲义一概要：定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
定语从句最重要的两部分：先行词，即被修饰限定的词；关系词（关系代词或关系副词），引导定语从句又在从句中作成分。
关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语或表语；关系副词在从句中作状语。
因此准确分析关系词在从句中应作的成分，对于我们判断使用关系代词还是关系副词至关重要。
1. 关系词有两个功能，其一引导从句，其二替代先行词在从句中充当成分，因此在定语从句中不会出现先行词。
I want to buy a mobile phone which is new in style.Give me a dictionary whose price ranges from 100 to 150 yuan.As is known to all, anti-terrorism is the major concern around the world.2. 关系词分为关系代词和关系副词：关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but, than等；在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语或定语。
关系副词有：when, where, why等；在定语从句中充当时间，地点，和原因状语。
注意：关系副词相当于介词＋关系代词I will always remember the days which have left a deep impression on me.I will always remember the days when /during which we were together.This is a city which has attracted many tourists .This is a city where / to which many tourists will go .I don’t know the reason that he told the teacher for his absence.I don’t know the reason why/for which he was rejected .（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：I bought a book, which cost me 30 yuan.I, who am blind, advise you to use your eyes well.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.二.关系词的如下：（一）关系代词:1.that: 既可指人，又可指物；1)在从句中可作主语，宾语或表语；当that 在从句中替代先行词作宾语时，可以省略。
高必修一 U4 语法讲解：定语从句(关系代词)
2. I have seen some strange trees, _____ B open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves 3. All _____ we need is enough rest after B long hours’ work. A. the thing B. that C.ootball, _______ is a very interesting game, is popular all over the world. which 2. This is the house in _______ he once lived. 结论4： 只能用which，不能用that的情况： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 2. 介词提前时。
结论1： 先行词还原代入后在从句中充当主语： 指人：who / that 指物： which / that 充当宾语: 指人who(m) / that 指物 which / that 充当定语： whose 或 of which / of whom 充当表语：指人 / 物 that 注：当先行词在从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可
1. 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
He is the man ___ whom you can believe. in
2. 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
He gave me some books _____ which I am with not very familiar.
3. 根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配
二、定语从句 当定语是由一个句子充当时，这个句子称为定 语从句；其修饰或限定的名词或代词称为先 行词。 定语从句的结构不完整，其缺少的成分由其引 导词--关系代词或关系副词充当；同时，关 系词还用于指代先行词。 This is the car which he bought last year. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句一定语从句（Attributive Clauses）由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致1.who(主格，在定语从句中做主语), whom(宾格，做宾语)，两者“代替的是人”。
(1) Is he the man who wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who在从句中作主语）(2) He is the man (whom) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom在从句中作宾语，可省略）2.whose是所有格，用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
作宾语时刻省略。
(1) Tom lost his favorite book, which made him very upset.汤姆丢了他最喜欢的书，这让他很不开心。
在非限制性定语从句中，which可指代前面讲到的整件事。
定语从句讲解课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
￫缺状语￫关系副词(when/where/why)
￫缺定语（空后为名词）￫用 whose
关系代词： He is a boy who/that comes from Canada.
He is the boy I‘m looking after.
或：He is a boy , who wears a pair of glasses. 讨论：who/that （即：关系词）的作用？
1.代指先行词 boy;(关系词不是本身意思， 而是先行词的意思.)
2.在定语从句中做句子成分.
关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which, as 关系副词：when, where, why 定语从句关系词的选择：确定先行词(人/物)￫分_如__；__像___, 可放在 __句__首______或__句__中______, 在从句中可以做什么成分__主__，__宾__，__表_____, 用在固定搭配中_s_u_c_h_…_a_s_…___ _th_e__sa_m__e_…_a_s…__
_A_s _is_k_n_o_w_n__to__a_ll__ A_s__is_m__e_nt_i_on_e_d__a_b_o_ve等。 关系代词的作用 __连__接__两_个__句_子______ __代__替_先__行_词__在_从__句__中_做__主_，__宾__，_表__，_定__语_成__分_____
exercises:
1.I still remember the day _w_h_e_n_ I first came to this
school.
￫ on which
定语从句(1)(that,which,who,who,whose)
注意：在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词， 引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。但当one前有the (only)时，one是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
He is one of the students who have been to Beijing. 他是去过北京的 学生之一。
1. the most important thing _____we should pay attention to is the first thing____ I have said. 2. He never reads anything _____is not worth reading. 3. The place _____interested me most was the Great Wall. 4.I’d like a car _____front lights are big and round. 5. The man _____talked to you just now is my father. 6.Can you tell me the name of the school _____the villagers built last year?
6. that/which 二、1. (that) he had stolen 2. (that) I want to buy
3. that/which interests us 4. (that/which) I will never forget. 5. that/which we will visit(are going to visit) tomorrow 6. whose homework hasn't been handed in
高中语法定语从句的详细讲解
定语从句详解与练习〔一〕定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词有when, where, why.注意：关系代词与关系副词在定语从句中充当不同的句子成分，定语从句中缺主、宾、表，用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词，何为句子成分？五大根本句1. 主+ 谓〔Vi〕I come.2. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 宾I love you.3. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 间宾+ 直宾I give him a book.4. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 宾+ 宾补I make him happy.5. 主+ 系+ 表I am tall.〔二〕关系代词引导的定语从句1．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 〔主〕湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
This is the pen〔which〕he bought yesterday. 〔宾〕这是他昨天买的钢笔。
She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was. (表) 她喜欢跳舞,她弟弟从不喜欢。
2．that 指人/ 物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.〔人主〕每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man〔that〕I saw this morning 〔人宾〕我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？He is no longer a little boy that he used to be.〔人表〕他已经不再是以前那个小男孩儿了。
定语从句讲义
定语从句讲义在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
从句放在所修饰词(即先行词）之后，由关系副词或关系代词引导。
关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。
关系代词:wｈo whomｗhosｅwhich tｈat关系副词:where wｈｅn whｙ关系代词特点：这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可以省略。
1当先行词指人时用ｗho/whom,若在句中作主语则用whｏ,作宾语时则用ｗhｏm；e．g．１The yoｕng mａn ［wｈo ｉs sittinｇbeside Mｒ. Ｌｉu] iｓmy bｒoｔher.先行词关系代词坐在刘先生旁边的那个男人是我的弟弟。
2 Whｏｉs tｈe girl whom you juｓt said goodbｙe tｏ?3 我喜欢的那个女孩没有在这儿。
.４光彩和你说话的那个人是我们的老师。
5 Thｅgirｌｓwｈo werｅn’ｔｂadlｙhurt in the accident areｍy ｃlａs ｓｍatｅｓ．2当先行词指物时用ｗhiｃh; whｏｓe是wｈo和ｗhiｃh的所有格形式,表示”…….的”；e.ｇ. 1 A pｌane ｉs ａmachinｅ{whicｈcａn ｆｌy．}先行词关系代词2 Iｗａnt to shoｗｙou ｔｈe ｓhｏp whｉｃh is ｔhｅne ａｒesｔfｒｏm here.3我放在桌子上的那件大衣是黑色的。
4我正在听的那个音乐是非常美妙的。
3 ｔhat既可以指人也可以指物。
e．g．１The story {that ｙou tolｄmｅｙestｅrｄay} ｗas rｅallyｉnterｅstｉｎg.先行词关系代词２Ｔhe blｏｕse tｈaｔiｓmadｅof silk is expｅｎsiｖｅ. I caｎ’t afford iｔ.3 我想要玩你上周给我看的那个游戏。
定语从句讲义[个人精心整理]
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一．定语从句定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分关系词先行词从句成分例句关系代词who 人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking with yourmother?whom 人宾语The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working whose 人，物定语I like those books whose topics are abouthistory.The boy whose father works abroad is myclassmate.that 人，物主语，宾语表语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see verymuch.She is not the person that she used to be which 物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident wasterrible.as 人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all ofus.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.备注Who,whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that和who关系when 时间状语I will never forget the days whenwe spent our holidays together.二．关系代词表格例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法1）关系代词that 和which 的用法which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
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Actions speak louder than words.一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
* 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when 、why* 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句* 1.who 指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省定语从句（一）略。
(2) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend.* 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen which he bought yesterday.* 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?* 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?* 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况：* 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。
Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。
* 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food .我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
* 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。
例如：My necklace is not the only thing that's missing .我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
* 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who ，以避免重复。
例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？* 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。
例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
2、只用which不用that的情况：关系代词前有介词时；e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.三、关系副词引导的定语从句* 1、when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时，它只能作定语从句的时间状语，放在定语从句句首。
如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语，则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。
例如：I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone.I'll never forget the day when I was born. (=I'll never forget my birthday.) It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.The day that I always remember in all my life is my birthday.* 2、where：当主句中的先行词是表示地点意义的名词时，它只能作其所在的定语从句的地点状语，放在定语从句的句首。
如果定语从句的引导词作该定语从句的主语或宾语时，也要改用关系代词that或which来引导。
例如：The factory where his father works is in the east of the cityThis is the room where (＝in which) I lived last year.Is this the classroom where(=in which) the old worker is going to make/give us a report?Let's look for a place where we can swim.The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital.That is the factory (that) they visited last month.完形填空Abing, one of ___21___ Chinese musicians of the 20th century, was born on August 17, 1893 in the eastern Chinese city of Wuxi.His official name was Hua Yanjun.Abing's father was good at a number of musical___22___. He trained Abing in drums from the age of 10. Abing began learning the dizi at age 12, then the erhu. When he was 17, Abing first ___23___in religious ceremonies, and won acclaim for his musical talent and voice.After his father's___24___ in 1914, Abing along with his cousin took charge of the temple (庙)which supported the family. However, Abing didn't have the___25___ to run it well. This drove Abing into poverty(贫穷). However, bad luck never came___26___. At the age of 34, he developed a serious illness and became blind. He became ___27___and made a living as a street performer.In 1939, he married Dong Caidi, a country woman in Jiangyin. After his___28___Abing performed every afternoon in a public square in Wuxi. He became famous for adding news into his music and songs，___29___the war with Japan. After the performance, he would walk through the city streets, playing the erhu. This was a period of many works for Abing, and his most famous composition, Erquan Yingyue, was performed in this period. Till today, it ___30___as a classic of Chinese erhu and pipa music.()21. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important()22. A. instruments B. instrument C. tools D. materials()23. A. performance B. perform C. performing D. performed ()24. A. died B. dead C. death D. being died()25. A. able B. ability C. smooth D. director()26. A. along B. lonely C. loneliness D. alone()27. A. homeless B. hunger C. electronic D. afraid()28. A. marriage B. marry C. married D. getting marry()29. A. specially B. particular C. especially D. pity()30. A. considered B. thought C. is treat D. is regarded定语从句与宾语从句的区别：顾名思义，定语从句是从句充当定语的复合句，宾语从句是从句充当宾语的复合句，二者迥然不同，但是在使用中，同学们总是容易混淆这两个句型。