中科院研究生院管理学院博士入学考试大纲

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2024年博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

2024年博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

2024年博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲2024 Doctoral Graduate Entrance Examination English Exam OutlineI. Listening ComprehensionThis section of the exam will test the candidates' ability to understand spoken English in academic and professional settings. Candidates will listen to a series of recordings, including lectures, conversations, and presentations, and answer multiple-choice questions based on the content. The topics will cover a wide range of subjects relevant to doctoral studies, such as research methods, literature reviews, and academic discussions.II. Reading ComprehensionIn this section, candidates will read academic texts, including scholarly articles, research papers, and book excerpts, and answer questions to demonstrate their understanding of the content. The passages will be of varying lengths and complexity, requiring candidates to identify main ideas, supporting details, and logical relationships within the text.III. Writing SkillsCandidates will be required to demonstrate their ability to write coherent and well-structured essays on a variety of topics related to their field of study. This section will test candidates' proficiency in academic writing, including the ability to formulate clear arguments, provide evidence to support their claims, and organize their ideas in a logical manner. Candidates may be asked to analyze a case study, evaluate a research question, or propose a research methodology.IV. Vocabulary and GrammarThis section will assess candidates' knowledge of vocabulary and grammar in academic English. Candidates will be tested on their ability to use complex vocabulary and grammar structures accurately and appropriately in written and spoken English. This section may include exercises on word meaning, word usage, sentence structure, and grammatical rules.V. Speaking SkillsCandidates will be required to engage in conversations and discussions on academic topics with examiners. This section will test candidates' ability to express ideas clearly and coherently, respond to questions, and engage in academic discourse. Candidates will be evaluated on their fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary usage, and grammar accuracy.Overall, the 2024 Doctoral Graduate Entrance Examination English Exam is designed to assess candidates' readiness for doctoral studies by evaluating their listening, reading, writing, speaking, vocabulary, and grammar skills in academic English. Candidates are encouraged to prepare thoroughly for the exam by practicing listening and reading comprehension, academic writing, vocabulary building, and speaking skills in English. Good luck to all the candidates!。

中科大博士笔试

中科大博士笔试

中科大博士笔试中科大博士笔试(PhD Entrance Exam at University ofScience and Technology of China)引言:中科大(University of Science and Technology of China,简称USTC)作为中国八大名校之一,以其严格的选拔标准和优质的教育质量而闻名。

而中科大博士笔试,作为选拔优秀研究生的重要环节,对于评估考生的综合能力和潜力至关重要。

本文将从笔试的概况、题型及科目、备考建议等方面,对中科大博士笔试进行详细介绍。

概况:中科大博士笔试是一场全面考察考生学术素养和科研能力的重要考试。

该考试通常在每年的秋季进行,历时两天。

第一天主要考察考生的专业基础知识,包括学科综合素质测试和学科专业测试;第二天则考察考生的科研能力,包括学术英语和科技论文写作能力的测试。

题型及科目:1. 学科综合素质测试:此部分题目以选择题为主,涵盖了数学、物理、化学、计算机科学等多个学科的基础知识。

考生需要迅速准确地回答相应题目,对于快速决策和分析问题具有一定要求。

2. 学科专业测试:该部分根据考生所选择的专业进行设置。

不同专业的测试内容涵盖范围广泛,要求考生对所学专业领域内的知识体系有全面的了解,并能运用灵活。

3. 学术英语:此部分考核考生的英语水平,包括阅读理解、句子填空、语法和词汇运用等。

对于考生来说,拥有良好的英语能力是非常重要的,它不仅是与国际学术界交流的窗口,也是进行科研工作的基本工具。

4. 科技论文写作能力:该部分考察考生对科技论文写作的理解和应用能力。

考试内容通常包括写作题目、文献阅读和写作分析等。

考生需要通过阅读理解和论述自己的观点来展示其科研能力和面对问题的解决能力。

备考建议:1. 加强专业基础知识的学习。

根据自己所选择的专业科目,针对性地复习和学习相关知识。

可以参考历年真题,了解考试内容和题型,并进行模拟练习。

2. 提升学术英语水平。

华慧中国科学院考博英语考试内容及项目

华慧中国科学院考博英语考试内容及项目

中国科学院考博英语考试内容及项目中国科学院博士研究生英语入学考试是一种水平考试,命题不以任何一种研究生英语教材为主要命题依据。

考试材料主要来自于英、美主要报纸杂志及原版书籍。

题材主要涉及政治、经济、社会、文化和科普等领域的一般性知识;体裁有叙事、议论、描述、应用文等。

词汇一般控制在新大纲的8092个词之内。

考试采取主客观题相结合的方式:主观题占总分的35%,客观题占65%。

测试试卷包括试卷一和试卷二两部分。

试卷一测试词语用法、完形填空和阅读理解,试卷二测试书面表达。

全卷共计100分,考试时间180分钟。

为了帮助考生了解命题要点、测试要求和评分标准,下面分别就每一具体项目作一简单介绍。

一、词汇词汇部分占全卷总成绩的10%,总计20题,每题0.5分。

这部分试题的目的是检测考生是否理解性掌握了一定量的词汇、短语和惯用法。

词汇题的测试重点是动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配,常用词不同词性、不同词义的用法以及近义词、形近词的区别。

词和词组的测试范围基本以2002年《中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲》词汇表为参照依据(此大纲已由北京理工大学出版社出版)。

试题题型为选择填空。

每题为一个留有空白的英文句子,要求考生从所给的四个选项中,根据语法、句义找出最合适的词或词组填入空内。

如:Communicating orally involves more than reading Or talking:gesture,posture,movements may all be _______ to it. A.intrinsic B.coherent C.appealing D.submissive二、完形填空完形填空部分占全卷总成绩的15%,总计15题,每题1分。

完形填空题测试形式是在一篇约250词的短文中留有15个空白,每个空白为一题。

要求考生在全面理解文章的基础上,从提供的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试试题

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试试题

中国科学院研究生院博士研究生入学考试试题(1)考试科目:动物学一、名词解释(每题3分,其中举例1分;共30分)1.后口动物2. 咽鳃裂3. 羊膜动物4. 鳞嵴5. 物种6. 口咽式呼吸7. 混合体腔8. 生物多样性9. 动物区系10. 同源器官二、填空题(每空0.5 分,共15分)1. 降河洄游入海的鱼类其体液渗透压需要完成由()转变为()。

(提示:填高或低)。

2. 粘孢子虫是渔业养殖中危害较大的病原体之一,其无性生殖方式是()生殖。

3. 华枝睾吸虫病是一种在我国较为流行的食源性寄生虫病。

其病原体的虫卵排入水体后被第一中间宿主螺吞食后逸出(),然后逐渐发育为胞蚴,()和();后者成熟后被释放到水体中,遇到第二中间宿主鱼或虾后侵入其体内发育为()。

4. 寡毛纲动物神经系统为()。

5. 水体中常见的浮游动物蚤状溞属于甲壳纲()亚纲。

6. 蚌和鳑鮍鱼是自然界生物间相互依存的典型实例;鱼将卵产于蚌的()中,蚌的()寄生于鱼的皮肤上。

7. 动物的肌肉组织是由()胚层发育分化而来。

8. 我国陆地动物区系分属于()届与( )届两大区系;现代动物区系的基本轮廓呈现于()初期。

9. 甲壳纲动物体节常分为()部和()部;具有()对附肢。

10. 藤壶是附着在海边岩石、船体上的一种常见生物,它隶属于()亚门。

11. 大多数鱼类身上被有鳞片,而鱼鳞主要分为3种,即硬鳞、()和()。

12. 环毛蚓的生殖系统为雌雄(),生殖时()受精。

13. 环节动物的循环系统属()式循环;节肢动物的循环系统是()式;两栖动物的循环方式为()和()的双循环。

14. 鸟类在繁殖期常各自占有一定的领域,不许其他鸟类(尤其是同种鸟类)侵入,称为()现象。

15. 棘皮动物的成虫呈()对称,其幼虫呈()对称。

三、问答题(共55分)1. 简述脊索动物的三大主要特征及脊索的出现在动物演化史上的意义。

(8分)2. 简述近年来动物系统分类学中三大学派的主要观点。

中科大研究生考试大纲

中科大研究生考试大纲

中科大研究生考试大纲一、考试科目中科大研究生入学考试一般包括综合素质测试和学科专业测试两个部分。

综合素质测试主要考查考生的综合素质,包括学术能力、语言表达能力、逻辑思维能力等。

学科专业测试则根据考生所报考的专业设置相应的测试科目,主要考查考生在该学科领域的基础知识和专业能力。

二、考试内容1. 综合素质测试内容综合素质测试内容包括但不限于以下几个方面:(1)语言表达能力:要求考生具备较好的中文写作和口头表达能力,能够清晰、准确地表达自己的观点和想法。

(2)逻辑思维能力:要求考生具备较好的逻辑思维能力,能够正确理解问题,分析问题的本质,提出合理的解决方案。

(3)学术素养:要求考生具备扎实的学科基础知识和学术素养,了解相关领域的前沿研究动态,具备一定的科研能力和科学精神。

2. 学科专业测试内容学科专业测试内容根据考生所报考的专业设置而定,主要考查考生在该学科领域的基础知识和专业能力。

具体内容可以包括但不限于以下几个方面:(1)基础知识:要求考生掌握该学科领域的基础知识,包括理论体系、实验技术、数据处理等。

(2)研究方法:要求考生了解和掌握该学科领域的研究方法和技巧,能够独立进行科学研究。

(3)前沿动态:要求考生了解该学科领域的前沿动态和最新研究成果,具备跟踪和应用最新科研成果的能力。

三、考试要求1. 知识掌握考生应具备扎实的学科基础知识,熟悉所报考专业的相关理论和实践内容。

要求考生对该学科领域的基本概念、原理、方法和技术有较为全面的掌握。

2. 理论应用考生应能够将所学的理论知识应用于实际问题的解决中,具备分析和解决实际问题的能力。

要求考生能够将抽象的理论知识转化为具体的实践操作。

3. 创新思维考生应具备创新思维和科学精神,能够提出新的观点和想法,具备进行科学研究的能力。

要求考生能够在学科领域内进行独立的创新性思考和探索。

四、备考建议1. 提前准备考生应提前了解自己所报考专业的相关知识和要求,有针对性地进行备考。

中科院博士复试 ppt课件

中科院博士复试 ppt课件
博士生阶段学术规划学习计算机模拟相关软件主动与导师同学交流学习解决试验中不足并加以提高多思考多实践勤于写作发表高水平高质量的学术论文发表学术论文申请丏利基金项目撰写博士论文准备答辩15各位老师请指正
IPE2015博士入学 复试报告
姓 名: 报考导师: 报考专业: 材料学
中科院博士复试
1
自我介绍
2
硕士阶段科研情况
距?
≠ ●项目经验: 想好
做好
动手
文献
中科院博士复试
●硕士毕业论文:(校级优秀:67/979)
高端塑料模具钢S136表面CMP精细加工工艺研究
中科院博士复试
(1)抛光液PH值对CMP性能的影响
中科院博士复试
(2)转速对CMP性能的影响
中科院博士复试
(3)压力对CMP性能的影响
中科院博士复试
论文2:Microelectronic engineering,2014,(134):. (导师外,一作,SCI 收录)
论文3: (CMAS).(Frontiers of Materials Science,2015,9(1):93-100. (SCIE收录,五作)
专利:1,发明专利,专利号:8。(国家专利局已受理)
3
博士阶段学术规划
1.自我介绍
本科
硕士
2008.9至2012.7 华北电力大学
材料科学与工程
国家励志奖学金 校级优秀团员
专业奖学金
2012.9至2015.4 华北电力大学
材料学
硕士毕业论文校级优秀 校级优秀研究生论文1Surface coatings & technology, 2014,(252). (导师外,一作,SCI ).
4

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则为保证中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生(以下简称“博士生”)的招生质量,规范博士生招生工作,根据教育部的有关规定和《中国科学院大学招收攻读博士、硕士学位研究生管理规定》,制定本实施细则。

第一章培养目标第一条博士生的培养目标是:培养德智体全面发展,爱国守法,在本学科领域掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识,具有独立从事科学研究的能力,能在科学和专门技术上做出创造性成果的高级科学专门人才。

第二章招生条件和招生计划第二条招收博士生的单位和学科、专业必须经中国科学院大学学位评定委员会批准授权;博士生指导教师必须经研究所学位评定委员会或中国科学院大学直属学位评定委员会进行资格认定并遴选上岗,并须在中国科学院大学“教师管理信息系统”中备案。

第三条招收博士生的单位应具备相应的培养条件;招收博士生的学科、专业必须有明确的研究课题,并有相应的学术梯队;导师本人应从事研究工作,并有足够的研究经费。

第四条各研究所、各院系应根据本单位学科发展规划、科研工作需要及人才队伍建设的要求,结合自身培养条件、培养能力和学生就业情况,提出本单位各学科、专业的招生计划需求,并报中国科学院大学招生办公室。

中国科学院大学在汇总各单位招生计划需求数的基础上,根据中国科学院学科战略规划和人才队伍建设目标,向教育部提出全校招生计划需求。

按照教育部批准的全校当年招生计划总数,综合考虑全校总体情况,结合社会需求和各单位培养条件、培养质量及教育贡献,统筹安排和制定全校的年度招生计划。

第五条各研究所、各院系应积极落实和执行招生计划。

在录取过程中确需进行计划调整的,应将调整意见报中国科学院大学招生办公室汇总后,由学校招生办公室统筹调整。

第六条各单位的招生计划数仅在招生年度当年有效。

春季和秋季的录取数均占用当年的招生计划。

录取的直博生占用当年的博士招生计划,不占用硕士招生计划。

第三章编制招生专业目录第七条各研究所、各院系负责编制本单位当年的博士生招生专业目录,并按规定时间报送中国科学院大学招生办公室审核。

中国科学院大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

中国科学院大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲

中国科学院大学博士研究生入学考试英语考试大纲考试对象报考中国科学院大学各单位(具体指中国科学院所属各研究院、所、中心、园、台、站及校部各直属院系)相关专业拟攻读博士学位的考生。

考试目的检验考生是否具有进入攻读博士学位阶段的英语水平和能力。

考试类型、考试内容及考试结构本考试共有五个部分:词汇(占10%)、完形填空(占15%)、阅读理解(占40%)、英译汉(占15%),写作(占20%)。

试卷分为:试卷一(Paper One)客观试题,包括前三个部分,共75题,顺序排号;试卷二(Paper Two)主观试题,包括英译汉和写作两个部分。

一、词汇主要测试考生是否具备一定的词汇量和根据上下文对词和词组意义判断的能力。

词和词组的测试范围基本以本考试大纲词汇表为参照依据。

共20题。

每题为一个留有空白的英文句子。

要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出可用在句中的最恰当词或词组。

二、完形填空主要测试考生在语篇层次上的理解能力以及对词汇表达方式和结构掌握的程度。

考生应具有借助于词汇、句法及上下文线索对语言进行综合分析和应用的能力。

要求考生就所给篇章中15处空白所需的词或短语分别从四个选项中选出最佳答案。

三、阅读理解本部分共分两节。

要求考生能:1)掌握中心思想、主要内容和具体细节;2)进行相关的判断和推理;3)准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中的特定含义;4)领会作者观点和意图、判断作者的态度。

A节:主要测试考生在规定时间内通过阅读获取相关信息的能力。

考生须完成1800-2000词的阅读量并就题目从四个选项中选出最佳答案。

B节:主要测试考生对诸如连贯性和一致性等语段特征的理解。

考生须完成700-900词的阅读量(2篇短文),并根据每篇文章(约400词)的内容,从文后所提供的6段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。

四、英译汉要求考生将一篇近400词的英语短文中有下划线的5个句子翻译成汉语。

主要测试考生是否能从语篇的角度正确理解英语原句的意思,并能用准确、达意的汉语书面表达出来。

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则

中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生管理实施细则为保证中国科学院大学招收攻读博士学位研究生(以下简称“博士生”)的招生质量,规范博士生招生工作,根据教育部的有关规定和《中国科学院大学招收攻读博士、硕士学位研究生管理规定》,制定本实施细则。

第一章培养目标第一条博士生的培养目标是:培养德智体全面发展,爱国守法,在本学科领域掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识,具有独立从事科学研究的能力,能在科学和专门技术上做出创造性成果的高级科学专门人才。

第二章招生条件和招生计划第二条招收博士生的单位和学科、专业必须经中国科学院大学学位评定委员会批准授权;博士生指导教师必须经研究所学位评定委员会或中国科学院大学直属学位评定委员会进行资格认定并遴选上岗,并须在中国科学院大学“教师管理信息系统”中备案。

第三条招收博士生的单位应具备相应的培养条件;招收博士生的学科、专业必须有明确的研究课题,并有相应的学术梯队;导师本人应从事研究工作,并有足够的研究经费。

第四条各研究所、各院系应根据本单位学科发展规划、科研工作需要及人才队伍建设的要求,结合自身培养条件、培养能力和学生就业情况,提出本单位各学科、专业的招生计划需求,并报中国科学院大学招生办公室。

中国科学院大学在汇总各单位招生计划需求数的基础上,根据中国科学院学科战略规划和人才队伍建设目标,向教育部提出全校招生计划需求。

按照教育部批准的全校当年招生计划总数,综合考虑全校总体情况,结合社会需求和各单位培养条件、培养质量及教育贡献,统筹安排和制定全校的年度招生计划。

第五条各研究所、各院系应积极落实和执行招生计划。

在录取过程中确需进行计划调整的,应将调整意见报中国科学院大学招生办公室汇总后,由学校招生办公室统筹调整。

第六条各单位的招生计划数仅在招生年度当年有效。

春季和秋季的录取数均占用当年的招生计划。

录取的直博生占用当年的博士招生计划,不占用硕士招生计划。

第三章编制招生专业目录第七条各研究所、各院系负责编制本单位当年的博士生招生专业目录,并按规定时间报送中国科学院大学招生办公室审核。

从普通二本到中科院直博的逆袭之路

从普通二本到中科院直博的逆袭之路

从普通二本到中科院直博的逆袭之路----ac8923da-6ea8-11ec-8f0f-7cb59b590d7d凯程考研集训营,为学生引路,为学员服务!当我的名字被发布在中国科学院金属研究所的官方网站上时,我非常激动。

一起,我也觉得我的大学即将结束。

这所大学现在已经结束,剩下的毕业设计都是浮云。

我生命中最美好的时光留给了山间,我想我应该写些东西来纪念我逝去的青春。

一路走下来,自个真的很疲倦很累,可是这个成果对得起自个的支付了。

准备好还记住13年的寒假最终的日子里,自个开端预备考研,从网上去搜校园,收集专业课的知识,其时自个愿望的大学时上海交大,记住在网上有个三战的师兄发了一个帖子,他第一年考北大光华管理学院,由于北大水平太高和他自个九月份才开端预备,一战失利,然后他就去了北大旅行,当他坐在未名湖畔,耳边泛起的是朗朗的读书声,就在那一刻,他觉得自个现已是北大的一份子,那种激动和崇高的神往和我其时想考交大相同,每逢自个看到交大的校徽的时分自个也觉得自个也要成为交大的一份子。

即是怀着关于交大的那种激动和神往自个开端温习了。

开始开端温习的日子里,自个认识了夏肖,还记住我问夏肖为何考研,他给了我四个字,?丝逆袭,这四个字一向陪伴着我走到最终,自个也觉得自个逆袭了。

在开始复习的那一天,我一边上课一边看数学和英语。

当我第一次开始复习时,我不知道什么是疲劳。

我只是想按照自己的计划复习。

通常我在周五休息,上网,打网球,让自己放松。

毕竟,学习也需要休息。

早期的日子仍然相对轻松。

最有价值的一天是暑假。

当我独自一人在宿舍时,我的室友们正在找工作,参加公务员考试。

我不像我一样在艰难的假期里在这里学习。

我不得不忍受济南35℃的高温和独自奋斗的孤独,那是你考研最痛苦、最悲伤的时刻。

你在教室的角落里安静地学习,在炎热的阳光下独自吃饭。

关于你自己的一切都是一种浪费。

没有人会帮你分享这些东西。

因为这不是学习的痛苦,有人会帮你解决它。

中国科学院研究生院英语B考试大纲及样题

中国科学院研究生院英语B考试大纲及样题

中国科学院研究生院英语B考试大纲声明:北京理工大学出版社出版的《中国科学院博士学位英语考试应试指南》依据的是旧的大纲,实际考试形式以这里的大纲为准。

笔试部分笔试部分由试卷一和试卷二构成。

试卷一包括:听力、英语知识运用与阅读理解两部分。

试卷二为书面表达部分。

时间总长共150分钟,满分100分。

试卷一(75分)第一部分:听力(20分)本部分考查考生理解英语口语、获取特定信息以及简要笔记的能力,由A、B 两节组成。

A节:共10题,每题1分。

要求考生根据所听到的10段对话,从每题所给的4个选项中找出最佳答案。

每题有12-15秒答题时间。

每段对话的录音只播放一遍。

B节:共10题,每题1分。

要求考生根据所听到的3篇对话或独白简要回答10道有关该对话或独白的问题。

问题在试卷中印出但不在录音中读出。

录音材料只播放一遍。

本部分大约需要25分钟。

第二部分:英语知识运用与阅读理解(55分)本部分考查考生对用于一定语境中的词汇、表达方式和结构的掌握和理解书面英语的能力,由A、B和C三节组成。

A节:共15题,每题1分。

在1篇约300词的短文中留出15个空白,要求考生从短文后提供的30个词或表达式中选出最佳选项,使补足后的短文意义通顺,前后连贯,结构完整。

其中有11-12道题考查词汇和表达方式,3-4道题考查语法和语篇结构。

本节大约需要20分钟。

B节:共20题,每题1.5分,共30分。

考查考生理解总体和特定信息、猜词悟义、推断作者态度和意图的能力。

要求考生根据所提供的4篇文章(平均每篇约400词)的内容,从每题所给的4个选择项中选出最佳选项。

本节大约需要35分钟。

C节:共10题,每题1分。

考查考生对诸如连贯性和一致性等语段特征的理解。

要求考生根据2篇留有5段空白的文章(平均每篇约400词)的内容,在每篇文后所提供的6段文字中选择能分别放进该文章中5个空白处的5段。

本节大约需要20分钟。

本部分总需时间约75分钟。

试卷二(25分)本部分考查考生英语书面表达的能力,由A、B两节组成。

中科院博士招生要求

中科院博士招生要求

中科院博士招生要求
中科院的博士招生要求主要包括以下几个方面:
1.招生对象:主要面向全国高校和科研机构,具有硕士学位的考生,
具有同等学力的在职人员也可报考。

2.报名条件:考生必须拥护中国共产党的领导,具有正确的政治方
向,热爱祖国,愿意为社会主义现代化建设服务,遵纪守法,品行端正。

同时,考生还应具备较高的学术水平,一般要求发表过学术论文或取得其他学术成果。

3.考试方式:中科院博士招生实行“申请-考核”制,考生需要提交
个人申请书、学术成果、研究计划等材料,经过初审和面试等环节,择优录取。

4.体检要求:考生需要符合国家规定的体检标准,无传染性疾病、
精神疾病等严重疾病。

5.其他要求:考生需承诺遵守学术道德规范,遵守国家法律法规,
不得抄袭、剽窃他人成果等。

同时,考生还需具备较高的英语水平,以适应国际化的学术环境。

需要注意的是,具体招生要求可能会根据专业、学院等不同而有所差异,建议考生在报考前仔细阅读招生简章,了解具体的招生要求和报名程序。

中国科学院(中科院)考博历年试题汇总

中国科学院(中科院)考博历年试题汇总

6.在非极端环境的生物体中是否存在氰化物不敏感的呼吸作用?如果有,其可能的生
七、酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)的基本原理是什么?如何用此方法检测样品中的抗原
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中国科学院大学管理学院创新管理考博指导与分析-育明考博

中国科学院大学管理学院创新管理考博指导与分析-育明考博

中国科学院大学管理学院创新管理考博指导与分析一、中科院考博资讯中国科学院大学管理学院创新管理专业的考博考生每年还是比较多的,报录比大约在1:15左右,竞争相当激烈,除了一些境内与境外申请推免的考生外,普通招考的考生一般情况下较少,并且在全国各院校(所)博士研究生入学考试中英语是最难的,许多考生由于外语成绩不达标而最终不予被录取,主要原因是对外语的要求比较高。

同时,专业课方面的角逐也非常明显,每年有很多考生因为专业课总成绩未能上线导致落榜的比比皆是,建议报考中国科学院大学管理学院创新管理专业的考生结合我们育明考博提供的信息和帮助提前做好复习备考准备。

(一)博士研究生导师(创新管理:高鹏、邓麦村、李真真)。

(二)考试科目1.高鹏老师的考生须考:(1)1001英语一(100%)。

(2)2719管理学(100%)。

(3)3337技术创新管理(100%)。

2.邓麦村老师的考生须考:(1)1001英语一(100%)。

(2)2719管理学(100%)。

(3)3337技术创新管理(100%)。

3.李真真老师的考生须考:(1)1001英语一(100%)。

(2)2028西方经济学(100%)。

(3)3373科学技术学(100%)。

(三)专业课指定参考书目中科院的许多专业不指定参考书目,大家在平时的复习和备考过程中应该密切关注出题老师最新的学术研究动态,并且要对往年的专业课真题进行深入细致的系统分析和研究,另外还要搜集出题老师上课使用的课件、讲义、笔记等资料。

二、中科院考博英语题型试卷一:Part1.词汇,15分钟,10分。

Part2.完形填空,15分钟,15分。

Part3.阅读理解,80分钟,40分。

试卷二:Part4.翻译,英译汉30分钟,15分。

Part5.写作,40分钟,20分。

三、中科院考博英语参考书“工欲善其事,必先利其器”,育明考博教研部主编的河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的最权威的复习资料,俗称“考博绿皮书”。

中国科学院大学博士招生目录2023

中国科学院大学博士招生目录2023

中国科学院大学博士招生目录2023中国科学院大学2023年博士招生目录如下:
核学:包括核科学和聚变,核上下文,辐射物理和技术,核分析
和核能等。

物理:包括量子力学、量子信息物理、强相互作用理论、绝热量
子物理、现代物理理论与实验、原子分子物理、凝聚态物理、应用物
理等。

数学: 包括代数学、几何学、计算数学、泛函分析、函数论及其
应用、概率论、运筹学、数值分析等。

工程:包括水利工程、天文工程、土木工程、交通运输、机械工程、电气工程、量子工程、能源与动力工程等。

信息学:包括计算机科学与技术、信息系统、信息管理与信息系统、网络科学与技术、系统科学及工程、科学计算与应用等。

生命科学:包括生物学、生理学、遗传学、微生物学、生物化学、细胞生物学、细胞工程、系统生物学、分子生物学及其应用等。

材料科学与工程:包括材料力学、固体力学、结构材料、材料物理、材料化学及其应用、非晶态材料、微纳米结构与过程、复合材料等。

环境科学:包括环境生态学、环境检测与监测、环境污染控制、
环境微生物学、土壤与农业环境、大气环境、水环境及修复等。

地球科学:包括地球物理学、地球化学、地球动力学、地热学、
地球探测、气象学、海洋科学、地质学、构造地质学、矿物学等。

化学:包括无机化学、有机化学、物理化学、分析化学、工业化学、生物化学、材料化学、环境化学、武器化学等。

其他:包括经济学、管理学、法学、政治学、哲学、艺术学、历史学、社会学等。

中科院审核制博士要求

中科院审核制博士要求

中科院审核制博士要求
中科院是中国最高学术组织之一,旗下拥有多所研究院所并提供博士
学位授予。

中科院审核制博士要求是指中科院对于博士研究生入学条件、
研究生培养要求以及论文答辩等审核标准的规定。

以下是关于中科院审核
制博士要求的一些主要内容。

1.入学条件:中科院对于博士研究生的入学条件相对较严格,通常要
求申请人具备硕士学位,或者具备相当于硕士学位的学历和学术水平。

此外,申请人需要通过中科院举办的考试并达到一定的分数线。

2.学术要求:中科院要求博士研究生在学术上具备一定的基础和潜力,能够进行独立的科研工作。

申请人需要具备扎实的学科知识和专业技能,
具备一定的创新能力和科学研究能力。

3.研究生培养要求:中科院对于博士研究生的培养要求非常严格,要
求研究生在导师指导下开展独立的科研工作,并取得一定的研究成果。


究生需要完成一定的学分要求,并取得一定的学术能力和科研水平。

4.论文答辩:完成博士学位论文后,研究生需要参加中科院组织的论
文答辩。

论文答辩是对研究生科研成果的评审和确认,需要研究生在专业
委员会面前做学术报告,回答委员会成员的问题。

总结起来,中科院审核制博士要求主要包括入学条件、学术要求、研
究生培养要求和论文答辩等方面。

通过对申请人的学历、学科基础和科研
能力等综合评估,中科院确保博士研究生具备一定的学术能力和研究潜力,能够胜任科研工作并为学术研究做出贡献。

中科大博士资格考试数学

中科大博士资格考试数学

中科大博士资格考试数学
中科大博士资格考试的数学考核包括多个方面,具体如下:
1. 专业基础考核:重点考查考生对专业基础知识的掌握程度,以及考生在硕士阶段的学习成绩和研究课题成果。

2. 专业能力考核:考查考生对本领域知识的灵活运用程度,以及考生的实验技能和实际动手能力等,以了解考生从事科研工作的潜力和创新能力。

3. 外国语能力考核:主要针对专业英语的考核,考查考生的听、说能力及语言运用能力。

4. 综合素质考核:包括考生的政治态度、思想品德、工作学习态度、团队合作精神、科研道德、遵纪守法、举止、表达和礼仪以及心理素质等内容。

这些考核环节均为百分制,其中复试成绩的构成如下:
专业基础占40%
专业能力占40%
外国语能力占20%
如果笔试中各科目成绩不及格(即低于百分制的60分)的考生,将不予录取;复试成绩低于60分者,亦不得录取。

更多有关中科大博士资格考试数学的具体内容,建议查阅中科大博士资格考试官方通知或相关资料,以获取最准确的信息。

2023年中科院考博英语真题

2023年中科院考博英语真题

中国科学院3月博士硕士入学考试试题PARTⅡVOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)Directions: Choose the word or word below each sentence that best complete the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machinescoring Answer Sheet.21. A knowledge of history us to deal with the vast range of problems confronting the contemporary world.A. equipsB. providesC.offersD. satisfies22. In assessing the impact of the loss of a parent through death and divorce it was the distortion of family relationships not the of the bond with the parent in divorce that was vital.A. dispositionB. distinctionC.distributionD. disruption23. Finally, let's a critical issue in any honest exploration of our attitudes towards old people, namely the value which our society ascribes to them.A. stick toB. turn toC.lead toD. take to24. Smuggling is a____________activity which might bring destruction to our economy; therefore, it must be banned.A. pertinentB. fruitfulC.detrimentalD. casual25. The manufacturer was forced to return the money to the consumers under____________of law.A. guidelineB. definitionC.constraintD. idetity26. The food was divided____________according to the age and size of the child.A. equallyB. individuallyC.sufficientlyD. proportionally27. Horseback riding____________both the skill of handing a horse and the mastery of diverse riding styles.A. embracesB. encouragesC.exaggeratesD. elaborate28. Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food,____________their cleanness, toughness, and low cost.A. by virtue ofB. in addition toC.for the sake ofD. as opposed to29. He cannot____________the fact that he was late again for the conference at the university yesterday.A. contribute toB. account forC.identify withD. leave out30. Please do not be____________by his had manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A. disgustedB. embarrassedC.irritatedD. shocked31. For nearly 50 years, Spock has been a____________author writing 13 books including an autobiography and numerous magazine articles.A. prevalentB. stand up toC.prospectiveD. prolific32. Workers in this country are getting higher wages while turning out poor products that do not____________the test of international competition.A. keep up withB. stand up toply withD. attend to33. The business was forced to close down for a period but was____________revived.A. successivelyB. subsequentlyC.predominantlyD. preliminarily34. The book might well have____________had it been less expensive.A. worked outB. gone throughC.caught onD. fitted in35. We had been taken over by another firm, and a management____________was under way.A. cleanupB. setupC.breakoutD. takeout36. The poor quality of the film ruined the____________perfect product.A. ratherB. muchC.otherwiseD. particularly37. I'll have to____________this dress a bit before the wedding next week.A. let offB. let goC.let looseD. let out38. They reached a(n)____________to keep their dispute out of the mass madia.A. understandingB. acknowledgementC.limitationsD. misgivings39. After walking for hours without finding the village, we began to have____________about our map.A. troublesB. fearsC.limitationsD. misgivings40. If you don't want to talk to him, I'll speak to him____________.A. on your accountB. on your behalfC.for your partD. in your interestPAET ⅢCLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 points)Direction: There are 15 blanks in this part of the test, read the passage through, Then, go back and choose the suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the world or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.The process by means of which human beings arbitrarily make certain things stand for other things many be called the symbolic process.Everywhere we turn, we see the symbolic process at work. There are__ 41__things men do or want to do, possess or want to possess, that have not a symbolic value.Almost all fashionable clothes are__ 42__symbolic, so is food. We__ 43__our furniture to serve __ 44__visible symbols of our taste, wealth, and social position. We often choose our houses__ 45__the basis of a feeling that it“looks well”to have a “good address.”We trade perfectly good cars in f or__ 46__models not always to get better transportation, but to give__ 47__to the community that we can __ 48__it.Such complicated and apparently__ 49__behavior leads philosophers to ask over and over again, “why cna't human beings__ 50__simply and natur ally.” Often the complexity of human life makes us look enviously at the relative__ 51__of such live as dogs and cats. Simply, the fact that symbolic process makes complexity possible is no__ 52__for wanting to__ 53__to a cat and to a cat-and-dog existence. A better solution is to understand the symbolic process__ 54__instead of being its slaves we become, to some degree at least, its__ 55__.41. A. many B. some C. few D. enough42. A. highly B. nearly C. merely D. likely43. A. makd B. get C. possess D. select44. A. of B. for C. as D. with45. A. on B. to C. at D. for46. A. earlier B. later C. former D. latter47. A. suggestion B. surprise C. explanation D. evidence48. A. use B. afford C. ride D. find49. A. useless B. impossible C. inappropriate D. unnecessary50. A. live B. work C. stay D. behave51. A. passivity B. activity C. simplicity D. complexity52. A. meaning B. reason C. time D. doubt53. A. lead B. devote C. proceed D. return54. A. so that B. in that C. considering that D. by reason that55. A. teachers B. students C. masters D. servantsPART ⅣREADING COMPREHENSION (60 minutes, 30 points)Directions: You will read five passage in this part of the test. Below each passage there are some question or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage1The Solar Decathlon is under way, and trams of students from 14 colleges and universities are building solar-powered homes on the National Mall in Washington, D. C. in an effort to promote this alternative energy source. This week judges in this Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored event will evaluate these homes and declare one the winner. Unfortunately, for the participants, it rained on the Sept 26th opening ceremonies, and the skies over the Washington have remained mostly overcast since. However, the conditions may have made for a more revealing demonstration of solar energy than was originally planned.Although the Solar Decathlon's purpose is to advertise the benefits of electricity-generating solar panels and other residential solar gadgets, the had weather has made it hard to ignore the limitations. As fate so amply demonstrated, not every day is a sunny day, and indeed D O E's“Solar Village on the National Mall” has receivedvery little of what it needs to run.Since solar is not an always available energy source, even a community consisting entirely of solar homes and businesses would still need to be connected to a constantly-running power plant (most likely natural gas or coal fired) to provide reliable electricity. For this reason, the fossil fuel savings and environmental benefits of solar are considerably smaller than many proponents suggest.Washington, D. C. gets its share of sunny days as well, but even so, solar equipment proveds only a modest amount of energy in relation to its cost. In fact, a $ 5,000 rooftop photovoltaic system typically generates no more than $ 100 of electricity per year, providing a rate of return comparable to a passbook savings account.Nor do the costs end when the system is installed. Like anything exposed to the elements, solar equipment is subject to wear and storm damage, and may need ongoing maintenance and repairs. In addition, the materials that turn sunlight into electricity degrade over time. Thus, solar panels will eventually need to be replaced, most likely before the investment has fully paid itself off in the form of reduced utility bills.Solar energy has always has its share of true believers willing to pay extra to feel good about their homes and themselves. But for homeowners who view it as an investment, it is not a good one. The economic realities are rarely acknowledged by the govenment officials and solar equipment manufactures involved in the Solar Decathlon and similarly one-sided promotions. By failing to be objective, the pro-solar crowd does consumers a real disservice.56. The Solar Decathlon is most probably the name of a____________.A. technologyB. contestC. strategyD. machine57. What does the author say about the weather?A. It is rare for Washington, D. C. to have such long rainy days.B. It has been raining since Sept 26th for the most of the time.C. It is favorable to the manufacturers to promote solar equipment.D. It has helped see the disadvantages of solar energy.58. What has happened to D O E's“Solar Village on the National Mall”?A. It has revealed a mechanical problem.B. It lacks the energy for operation.C. It needs substantial financial support.D. It has drawn criticism from the government.59. The environmental benefits of solar power are small because____________.A. solar power plants can hardly avoid polluting their surroundingsB. most people prefer the relatively simple use of fossil fuelC. the uses of solar enery still cannot go without fossil fuelD. only several communities entirely consist of solar energy homes60. It can be inferred that “a passbook savings account”____________.A. brings little interestB. brings much interestC. is a deposit of at least $ 100D. is a deposit of at least $ 500061. It can be inferred that in promoting solar energy the US government____________.A. admits its limitation of being expensiveB. rarely mentions its cost to homeownersC. stands on the side of the majority of consumersD. remains more objective than the solar equipment manufacturersPassage2Every year, the American Lung Association (ALA) releases its annual report card on smog, and every year it gives an“F” to over helf the nation's counties and cities. When ALA's “State of the Air ” recently came out, dozens of credulous local journalists once again took the bait, ominously reporting that their corner of the nation received a failing grade. The national coverage was no better, repeating as fact ALA's statement that it is “gravely concerned” about air quality, and neglect ing to solicit the views of even one scientist with a differing view. Toobad, because this report card says a lot less about actual air quality than it does about the tactics and motives of the ALA.The very fact that 60 percent of counties were giver an “F” seems to be alarmist. This is particularly true given that smog levels have been trending downward for several decades. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) statistics, ozone, the primary constituent of smog, progress will likely continue, even without the wave of new regulations ALA is now demanding.ALA is correct that some areas still occasionally exceed the federal standard for ozone, but such spiles are far less frequent than in the past. Even Los Angeles, the undisputed smon capital of America, has cleaned up its act considerably. Los Angeler,which exceeded federal smog standards for 154 days in 1989, has had 75percent fewer such spikes in recent years. But an ALA-assigned“F”misleadingly implies that air quality has not improved at all.Most of the nation is currently in attainment with the current smog standard, and much of the rest is getting close, Nonetheless, ALA chose to assign an “ F”to entire county based on just a few readings above a strict new EPA standard enacted in 1997 but not yet in force. In effect, ALA demanded a standard even more stringent than the federal government's, which allows some leeway for a few anomalously high reading in otherwise clean areas. ALA further exaggerated the public-health hazard by grossly overstating the risks of these relatively minor and sporadic increases above the standard.62.The media's response to ALA's “State of the Air ”can best be described as____________.A. trustingB. suspiciousC. criticalD. hesitant63. By citing figures from the EPA, the auther seem to contend that____________ .A. the regulations about smog have proved effectiveB. new regulations are necessary to deal with smogC. smog problems have actually become less seriousD. the federal smog standard has been rather low64. In Paragraph 3, the word “spikes”(in boldface) probably refers to____________.A. the increase above the smog standardB. the irregular readings about air quality in some areasC. the occurrences of smog in Los AngelesD. the current standards demanded by ALA65. The author draws on Los Angeles to prove that the ALA____________.A. is right to assign an “F”to that areaB. often bases its report on the past eventsC. has a good reason to stress smog risksD. has overstated smog problems66. The author agrees with the ALA that____________.A. present smog standards should be made stricterB. the standard established by the EPA is effectiveC. some areas fail to meet the federal standard at timesD. poor air quality is a major problem nationwide67. One of the problems with the ALA seems to be____________.A. its lack of opinions from expertsB. its focus on some irregular casesC. its attempt to make up the dateD. its inconsistent smog standardsPassage3It wa s (and is )common to think that other animals are ruled by“instinct”whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by “reason,”and that this is why we are so much more flexibly interlligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be blind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well-because they processinformation so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise. As a result, we take“normal” behavior for granted. We do not realize that “normal”behavior needs to be explained at all. This“instinct blindness”makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the “natural seen strange.”“It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act.”In our view, William James was right about evolutionary psychology. Making the natural seem strange is unnatural—it requires the twisted outlook seen, for example, in Gary Larson cartoons. Yet it is a central part of the enterprise. Many psychologists avoid the study of natural competences, thinking that there is nothing there to be explained. As a result, social psychologists are di sappointed unless they find a phenomenon “that would surprise their grandmothers,” and cognitie psychologists spend more time studying how we solve problem we are bad at, like learning math or playing chess, than ones we are good at. But natural competences—our abilities to see, to speak, to find someone beautiful, to reciprocate a favor, to fear disease, to fall in love, to initiate an attack, to experience moral outrage, to navigate a landscape, and myriad others—are possible only because there is a vast and heterogeneous array of complex computational machinery supporting and regulating these activities. This machinery works so well that we don't even realize that it exists—we all suffer from instinct blindness. As a result, psychologists have neglected to study some of the most interesting machinery in the human mind.68. William James believed that man is mor flexibly intelligent than other animals because man is more____________.A. adaptiveB. reasonableC. instinctiveD. sophisticated69. What do we usually think of our normal behavior?A. It is controlled by powerful thoughts.B. It is beyond the study of psychology.C. It doesn't need to be explained.D. It doesn't seem to be natural sometimes.70. According to the author, which of the following is most likely studied nowadays by psychologists?A. Why do we smile when pleased?B. Why do we love our children?C. How do we appreciates beautiful?D. How do we reason and process information?71. The author thinks that psychology is to____________.A. take the normal behavior for grantedB. make the natural seem strangeC. study abnormal competencesD. make easy things difficult72. The author stresses that our natural abilities are____________.A. not replaced by resoningB. the same as other animals'sC. not as complex as we thinkD. worth studyingPassage4In her 26 years of teaching English, Shannon McCuire has seen countless misplaced commas, misspelled words and sentence fragments.But the instructor at US's Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge said her job is getting harder every day.“I kid you not, the number of errors that I've seen in the past few years have multiplied five times,”she said.Experts say e-mail and instant messaging are at least partly to blame for an increasing indifference toward the rules of grammar, spelling and sentence structure.They say the problem is most noticeable in college students and recently graduates.“They used to at least feel guilty (about mistakes),”said Naomi Baron, professor of linguistics at American University in Washington, D. C.“They didn't necessarily write a little better, but at least they felt guilty.”Ironically, Baron's latest book,“Alphabet to Email: How Written English Evolved and Where It's Heading,”became a vic tim of sloppy proofreading. The book's title is capitalized differently on the cover, spine and title page.“People used to lose their jobs over this,”she said. “And now they just say ‘whatever.’”“Whatever”describes Jeanette Henderson's attitude toward wr iting. The sophomore at the University of Louisiana at Monroe admits that her reliance on spellcheck has hurt her grades in English class. “Computer has spoiled us,”she said.But the family and consumer sciences major believes her future bosses won't mind the mistakes as much as her professor does. “They're not going to check semicolons, commas and stuff like that,” Hen derson said.LSU's McGuire said she teaches her students to use disftinct writing styles that fit their purpose.She emphasizes that there's the mformal language of an e-mail to a friend, but there's also the well thoght out and structured academic or professional style of writing.It's not just e-mail and instant messaging that are contributing to slack writing habits.Society as whole is becoming more informal. Casual wear at work used to be reserved for Friday, for example, but is now commonplace at most offices. There's also a greater emphasis on youth culture, and youth tend to use instant messaging more than adulte do.English language has been neglected at different points in history but always rebounds. During Shakespearen times, for example, spelling wasn't considered important, and early publishers rarely proofread.There will likely be a social force that recognizes the need for clear writing and swings the pendulum back.73. According to Shannon McGuire, what is making her job harder than before?A. More and more students ask her to teach how to write instant messages.B. More and more structural errors are seen in her student's writings.C. Students are becoming increasingly indifferent to learning English.D. Parents are more demanding as to the teaching content of the school.74. We can infer from the passage that college students____________.A. are the victims of the deteriorating educationB. mostly have very had handwritingC. don't think they're writing bad EnglishD. are ashamed of their poor writing skills75. What happened to Baron's latest book?A. It was poorly edited.B. It failed to come out.C. It w as renamed“Whatever”.D. It caused her to lose her job.76. What does Jeanette Henderson mainly study at the university?A. Computer ScienceB. LinguisticsC. Editing and PublishingD. Family and Consumer Sciences77. According to the passage, sloppy writing____________.A. parallels a social tendency of being informalB. worries students as well as professorsC. is taken as trivial by employersD. is ignored in all business concerned sciences78.The word“distinct”(in boldface)in the context means____________.A. clearB. differentC. elegantD. appropriate79. Which is NOT mentioned as a cause of American students' casual writing?A. EmailingB. Slack teachingC. ElegantD. Appropriate80. How does the author feel about the future of the English language?A. ConfidentB. GloomyC. WorriedD. UncertainPassage5Darkness approached and a cold, angry wind gnawed at the tent like a mad dog. Camped above treeline in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, the torrents of air were not unexpected and only a minor disturbance compared to the bestial gnawing going on behind my belly button. In an attempt to limit exposure of my bare bottom to the ice-toothed storm, I had pre-dug a half dozen catholes within dashing distance. Over and over, through the long night, the same scenario was repeated: out of the bay, out of the tent, rush squat, rush back.“Everyone can master a grief,”wrote Shakespeare,“but he that has it.”Diarrhea, the modern word, resembles the old Greek expression for“a flowing through.”Ancient Egyptian doctors left descriptions of the suffering of Pharaohs scratched on papyrus even before Hippocrates, the old Greek, gave it a name few people can spell correctly. An equal opportunity affliction, diarrhea has laid low kings and common men, women, and children for at least as long as historians have recorded such fascinating trivia. It wiped out, almost, more soldiers in America's Civil War that guns and sword. In the developing world today, acute diarrhea strikes more than one billion humans every year, and leaves more than five million dead, usually the very young. Diarrhea remains one of the two most common nedical complaints of humanity.“Frequent passage of unformed watery bowel movements,”as described by Taver's Cyclopedic Med ical Dictionary, diarrhea falls into two broad types:invasive and non-invasive. From bacterial sources, invasive diarrhea, sometimes called“dysentery,”attacks the lower intestinal wall causing inflammation, abscesses, and ulcers that may lead to mucus and blood(often“black blood”from the action of digestive juices) in the stools, high fever,“stomach”crams from the depths of hell, and significant amounts of body fluid rushing from the patient's nether region. Serious debilitation, even death, can occur from the resulting dehydration and from the spread of the bacteria to other parts of the body. Non-invasive diarrheas grow from colonies of microscpic evil-doers that set up housekeeping on, but do not invade, intestinal walls. Toxins released by the colonies cause cramps, nausea, vomiting, and massive gushes of fluid from the patient's lower intestinal tract. Non-invasive diarrhea carries a highrisk for dehydration.81.In Paragraph 1, the author uses the quoted word“grief”from Shakespeare to refer to____________.A. the terrible weatherB. the stern army lifeC. the suffering from diarrheaD. the tough wartime82. According to the description in Paragraph 1, which of the following did the author NOT do at that time?A. withstanding the coldnessB. Camping in the mountainsC. Getting up repeatedly at nightD. Reading Shakespeare in bed83. Who first gave the disease the name“diarrhea”?A. Ancient EgyptiansB. An old GreekC. American soldiersD. The passage doesn't tell84. According to Paragraph 2____________.A. People of higher status are less likely to be stricken with diarrheaB. diarrhea is no longer a serious disease in the modern worldC. diarrhea has been a threat to humanity throughout historyD. the elderly are more likely attacked by diarrhea than the young85. The invasive diarrhea and the non-invasive diarrhea are different in that____________.A. the former attacks the intestine walls but the latter does notB. the former causes dehydration but the latter does notC. the former makes the patient physically weaker than the latterD. the former is more dangerous than the latterPART ⅤTRANSLATION (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your pieces of Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct. The cultured man or the ideal educated man is not necessarily one who is well-read or learned, but one who likes and dislikes the right things. To know what to love and what to hate is to have taste in knowledge. 1I have met such persons, and found that there was no topic that might come up in the course of the conversation concerning which they did not have some facts or figures to produce, but whose points of vies were appalling. Such persons have erudition (the quality of being knowledgeable), but no discernment; or taste, Erudition is a mere matter of stuffing fact or information, while taste or discernment is a matter of artistic judgment. 2.In speaking of a scholar, the Chinese generally distinguish between a man's scholarship, conduct, and taste or discernment. This is particularly so with regard to historians; a book of history may be written with the most thorough scholarship, yet be totally lacking in insight or discernment, and in the judgment or interpretaion of persons and events in history, the author may show no originality or depth of understanding. Such a person, we say, has no taste in knowledge. To be well-informed, or to accumulate facts an details, is the easiest of all things. 3.There are many facts in a given historical period that can be easily stuffed into our mind, but discernment in the selection of significant facts is a vastly more difficult thing and depends upon one's point of view.An educated man, therefor, is one who has the right loves and hatreds. This we call taste, and with taste comes charm. 4. Now to have taste or discernment requires a capacity for thinking things through to the bottom, an independence of judgment, and an unwillingness to be knocked down by any form fo fraud, social, political, literary, artistic, or academic.There is no doubt that we are surrounded in our adult life with a wealth of fraude: fame frauds, wealth frauds, patriotic frauds, political frauds, religious frauds and fraud poets, fraud artists, fraud dictators and frauds psychologists. When a psychoanalyst tells us that the performing of the functions of the bowels during childhood has a definite connection or that constipation leads to stinginess of character, all that a。

中科院 研究生管理岗位

中科院 研究生管理岗位

中科院研究生管理岗位一、学生招生管理中科院研究生管理岗位的首要任务是进行学生招生管理。

我们负责制定和实施招生计划,组织并完成每年的研究生招生工作。

这包括发布招生信息、接受和审核申请材料、组织面试和笔试、以及最终确定录取名单。

我们致力于吸引和选拔具有学术潜力的优秀学生,为中科院的科研事业注入新鲜血液。

二、教学培养计划教学培养计划是研究生管理岗位的重要职责之一。

我们负责制定和调整研究生课程设置,以满足科研需求和学生个人发展的需要。

此外,我们还负责监督教学质量,确保学生能够接受到优质的教育。

我们致力于提供一个既有深度又有广度的教学环境,以培养学生的创新思维和实践能力。

三、学术科研指导学术科研指导是研究生管理岗位的核心工作之一。

我们负责为每位学生指定导师,并确保他们在科研方面得到充分的指导。

我们还负责组织和监督研究项目,确保学生能够顺利完成研究任务。

我们鼓励学生在科研工作中发挥主动性,培养他们的创新能力和批判性思维。

四、学位论文审核学位论文审核是研究生管理岗位的重要职责之一。

我们负责监督学生的学位论文撰写过程,确保论文符合学术规范和质量要求。

在论文完成后,我们将组织专家对论文进行审核,以确保论文的学术价值和原创性。

我们致力于为学生提供专业的指导和支持,帮助他们顺利完成学位论文。

五、日常事务管理日常事务管理是研究生管理岗位的基础工作之一。

我们负责处理学生的日常事务,如课程安排、考试安排、活动组织等。

此外,我们还为学生提供咨询和帮助服务,解决他们在学习和生活中遇到的问题。

我们致力于创造一个和谐有序的学习环境,使每个学生都能够全身心地投入到学习和科研中去。

六、学生思想教育思想教育是研究生管理岗位的重要职责之一。

我们负责关注学生的思想动态,引导他们树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。

我们还将举办各类思想教育活动,帮助学生了解国家的大政方针和社会发展状况,增强他们的社会责任感和使命感。

我们致力于培养具有良好道德品质和强烈社会责任感的学生。

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本《经济学》考试大纲适用于中国科学院研究生院管理科学与工程等专业的博士研究生入学考试。

经济学是社会科学的重要组成部分,是许多学科专业的基础理论课程。

本课程要求学生在熟练掌握一系列基本概念、图形分析和数学模型的基础上,能够对市场经济的运行机制有全面系统的了解,能够具有经济学思维,运用经济学的观点、原理和工具分析实际问题。

一、考试内容(一)需求、供给与市场均衡1.需求与需求函数,需求定律,需求量的变化与需求的变化2.供给与供给函数,供给量的变化与供给的变化3.弹性的定义,点弹性,弧弹性,弹性的几何表示4.需求价格弹性、需求收入弹性、需求交叉弹性5.市场均衡的形成与调整,市场机制的作用6.需求价格弹性与收益、蛛网模型(二)消费者行为理论1.效用的含义,基数效用论和序数效用论,效用的基本假定2.总效用与边际效用,边际效用递减规律3.无差异曲线、预算线与消费者均衡4.替代效应与收入效应,希克斯方法与斯卢斯基方法,吉芬商品5.需求曲线的推导(三)生产理论1.生产函数,短期与长期,边际报酬递减法则2.总产品、平均产品与边际产品,生产的三阶段论3.等产量线、等成本线与生产者均衡,生产的经济区4.柯布—道格拉斯生产函数、CES生产函数、Leontief生产函数(四)成本理论1.会计成本与经济成本,会计利润与经济利润2.短期成本函数与短期成本曲线族3.长期成本函数与长期成本曲线,规模经济与规模不经济,规模报酬的测度与变化规律4.长期成本曲线与短期成本曲线的关系,成本曲线与生产函数的关系(五)完全竞争市场1.完全竞争市场的特征2.完全竞争市场的短期均衡与长期均衡3.完全竞争市场与帕累托最优4.消费者剩余,生产者剩余和管制的福利分析(六)完全垄断市场1.完全垄断市场的特征,垄断的成因2.完全垄断厂商所面临的需求曲线与平均收入线、边际收入线3.完全垄断市场的均衡4.完全垄断市场的评价5.垄断者的定价策略,包括价格分歧、两步收费和搭售(七)垄断竞争市场1.垄断竞争市场的特征2.主观需求曲线与实际需求曲线3.垄断竞争市场的短期均衡与长期均衡(八)寡头垄断市场1.寡头垄断市场的特征2.古诺模型3.折弯的需求曲线4.价格领导,卡特尔(九)不对称信息下的市场1.逆向选择问题2.信号发送3.信息甄别(十)国民经济核算1.GDP的概念与核算范围3.GDP的三种计算方法4.GDP与GNP的关系(十一)凯恩斯模型1.消费函数、投资函数与货币需求函数2.IS-LM模型3.AD-AS模型4.开放经济下的凯恩斯模型5.凯恩斯模型在宏观经济政策分析中的应用(十二)通货膨胀与失业1.通货膨胀与失业的测度2.通货膨胀的成因与影响3.失业的解释4.通货膨胀率与失业率的关系(十三)经济增长理论1.经济增长与发展2.哈罗德—多马模型3.索洛模型4.拉姆赛模型二、考试要求(一)需求、供给与市场均衡1.理解需求的概念,了解影响需求的主要因素,掌握需求函数和需求定律,掌握需求定律成立的条件,能运用需求定律分析问题,熟练掌握需求量的变化与需求的变化,点在线上的移动和线的移动之间的差别;2.理解供给的概念,了解影响供给的主要因素,掌握供给函数,熟练掌握供给量的变化与供给的变化之间的差别;3.掌握弹性的定义,了解弹性的特点,掌握点弹性,弧弹性两种计算方法并能实际应用计算,掌握弹性的几何表示;4.掌握需求价格弹性、需求收入弹性、需求交叉弹性的概念与计算公式,掌握各种弹性的取值范围及其对商品的分类意义;5.理解市场均衡的形成过程,了解各种影响供给、需求的因素及其影响方向,掌握并能灵活运用供求分析工具分析各种因素变化对市场均衡的影响;6.掌握需求价格弹性与总收益的关系并能灵活运用、理解蛛网模型,了解蛛网模型的收敛特点。

(二)消费者行为理论1.理解效用的含义,了解基数效用论和序数效用论的差别,了解对效用的基本假定;2.掌握总效用与边际效用的概念及其数学表示,理解边际效用递减规律,掌握其数学表示;3.理解无差异曲线的含义,掌握边际替代率的含义、几何解释与数学表示、理解边际替代率递减法则,掌握预算线的含义及其斜率与截距的数学表示;掌握消费者均衡的推导,理解消费者均衡的条件,能运用消费者均衡条件分析消费者的决策;4.理解替代效应与收入效应的概念,能运用希克斯方法与斯卢斯基方法将价格效应分解为替代效应与收入效应,能根据分解结果判断正常品、劣制品与吉芬商品。

5.能基于序数效用论推导出需求曲线(三)生产理论1.理解生产过程和生产函数的含义,掌握短期与长期的差别,掌握边际报酬递减法则及其适用范围;2.掌握总产品、平均产品与边际产品的概念及其数学形式与几何表示,掌握总产品、平均产品与边际产品曲线的形式与彼此间的关系,掌握生产的三阶段论;3.掌握等产量线、等成本线的概念与特征、掌握边际技术替代率的含义、几何解释与数学表示,能够推导生产者均衡的条件,理解生产者均衡条件并能用以计算最优要素组合,理解对生产经济区的分析,理解生产经济区与生产的三阶段论之间的关系;4.掌握柯布—道格拉斯生产函数、CES生产函数、Leontief生产函数的形式与参数的经济含义。

(四)成本理论1.深刻理解会计成本与经济成本,会计利润与经济利润之间的差别;2.理解短期成本函数的适用范围,掌握短期成本曲线的类型、形状以及彼此之间的关系;3.理解长期成本函数的适用范围,掌握长期成本曲线的类型、形状以及彼此之间的关系;掌握规模报酬的概念、测度方法与几何表示,掌握规模报酬先递增再持平最后递减的一般规律,掌握规模报酬递增与边际报酬递减之间的差别,了解规模报酬变化的原因是规模经济与规模不经济,掌握规模经济与规模不经济的原因;4.掌握长期成本曲线与短期成本曲线的关系,理解成本曲线与生产函数的关系。

(五)完全竞争市场1.了解完全竞争市场的特征,理解完全竞争市场与实际市场的差别,能够判断哪些市场类型接近于完全竞争市场;2.理解完全竞争市场中,厂商面临水平的需求曲线,能够推导完全竞争市场中厂商的均衡条件,推导厂商的最优产量,掌握厂商关闭点的分析,掌握短期供给曲线的推导;理解长期均衡与短期均衡差别的原因所在,掌握长期均衡的特点与条件,能几何推出长期供给曲线,熟练掌握短期、长期均衡条件下厂商利润最大化的产量和利润或亏损的计算;3.帕累托最优的概念,理解完全竞争市场为何能满足帕累托最优的条件;4.掌握消费者剩余,生产者剩余的含义与几何表示,并能灵活运用来分析价格管制的福利影响。

(六)完全垄断市场1.了解完全垄断市场的特征,了解垄断的各种成因;2.熟练掌握完全垄断厂商所面临的需求曲线与平均收入线、边际收入线之间的关系,能够互相推导;3.能够推导完全垄断厂商的均衡条件,熟练掌握厂商最优产量与相应的价格和利润的计算;4.理解对完全垄断市场效率的评价;5了解价格分歧的含义、类型与适用条件,掌握三级价格分歧的公式,了解两步收费和搭售的基本含义与适用范围。

(七)垄断竞争市场1.了解垄断竞争市场的特征;2.理解垄断竞争厂商所面临的主观需求曲线与实际需求曲线,掌握其差别的原因与表现形式;3.掌握垄断竞争市场的短期均衡条件,能够运用均衡条件分析厂商的价格产量决策,理解长期均衡与短期均衡差别的原因所在,掌握长期均衡的特点与条件,能够实际计算长期均衡条件下的厂商利润最大化的产量和利润或亏损。

(八)寡头垄断市场1.了解寡头垄断市场的特征,理解寡头垄断市场的复杂性;2.掌握古诺模型的假设条件、趋向均衡的过程和最终均衡的特点,能根据古诺模型比较独立与勾结的利润差别;3.掌握折弯的需求曲线的形成过程,理解寡头垄断市场的价格刚性;4.掌握两种主要的价格领导的形成过程与条件,理解主导厂商的价格与产量决策,掌握卡特尔的价格与产量决策,了解决定卡特尔成败的关键所在。

(九)不对称信息下的市场1.深刻理解信息不对称的含义,掌握在此情况下市场机制会产生的后果:逆向选择问题2.掌握信号发送的含义及其意义,了解信号发送有效的条件3.理解信息甄别的含义(十)国民经济核算1.了解国民经济核算的思想与基本体系;2.掌握GDP的概念与核算范围,能够判断哪些活动的成果不计入GDP;3.熟练掌握GDP的三种计算方法并能根据给定数据实际计算GDP,掌握GDP的主要特征与分析功能,了解GDP的主要缺点和优势;4.掌握GDP与GNP的关系,了解两个指标各自的适用范围。

(十一)凯恩斯模型1.掌握凯恩斯模型中消费函数、投资函数与货币需求函数的设定,了解消费函数、投资函数与货币需求函数的研究进展。

2.掌握IS-LM模型的推导与内涵。

3.掌握AD-AS模型的推导与内涵。

4.掌握汇率的概念,了解开放经济下的凯恩斯模型。

5.能够灵活、熟练地运用凯恩斯模型进行宏观经济政策分析。

(十二)通货膨胀与失业1.掌握通货膨胀与失业测度指标的内涵与计算方法,能够指出现有计算方法的缺陷。

2.了解通货膨胀在短期和长期中的成因,能够分析通货膨胀对经济系统的各类影响。

3.了解长期存在失业的原因,了解解释失业的理论。

4.掌握菲利普斯曲线,了解滞胀的原因。

(十三)经济增长理论1.理解经济增长与经济发展的概念。

2.熟练掌握哈罗德—多马模型的基本假设、推导过程和基本政策意义。

3.熟练掌握索洛模型的基本假设、推导过程和基本政策意义。

4.了解拉姆赛模型。

三、主要参考书目平狄克,鲁宾费尔德,微观经济学(第六版),中国人民大学出版社,2006曼昆,宏观经济学(第五版),中国人民大学出版社,2005考试大纲:创新过程,创新战略,研究开发管理,产业创新体系,国家创新体系,创新全球化。

参考书:《工业创新经济学》(弗里曼,北京大学出版社,2004)《牛津创新手册》(柳卸林等译,知识产权出版社,2009)。

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