1-100 圆点卡中文配音版

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扫题出答案软件

扫题出答案软件【篇一：软件工程试题和答案】软件开发的各种资源中，（b ）是最重要的资源。

a开发工具b方法 c硬件环境d人员2、软件的复杂性是（ a ），它引起人员通信困难、开发费用超支、开发时间超时等问题。

a固有的b人为的 c可消除的d不可降低的3、原型化方法是用户和软件开发人员之间进行的一种交互过程，适用于（ a ）系统。

a需求不确定的b需求确定的 c管理信息d决策支持4、单元测试的测试用例主要根据（ d ）的结果来设计。

a需求分析b源程序 c概要设计d详细设计5、（a）是软件生存期中的一系列相关软件工程活动的集合，它由软件规格说明、软件设计与开发、软件确认、软件改进等活动组成。

a软件过程b软件工具 c软件生存周质量保证d软件工程6、（ a ）意味着一个操作在不同的类中可以有不同的实现方式。

a多态性b类的复用c封装7、软件测试计划开始于需求分析阶段，完成于（ d ）阶段。

a需求分析b软件设计 c软件实现d软件测试8、在软件生存周期的瀑布模型中一般包括计划、（ c ）、设计、编码、测试、维护等阶段。

a可行性分析 b需求采集 c需求分析 d问题定义9. 软件需求分析阶段的测试手段一般采用（ c ）。

a总结b阶段性报告 c需求分析评审d不测试10. （ c ）是把对象的属性和操作结合在一起，构成一个独立的对象，其内部信息对外界是隐蔽的，外界只能通过有限的接口与对象发生联系。

a多态性b继承 c封装d消息11. 软件测试是为了（ b ）而执行程序的过程。

a纠正错误b发现错误 c避免错误d证明正确12. 在结构化分析方法中，（c）表达系统内部数据运动的图形化技术。

a数据字典b实体关系图 c数据流图d状态转换图13. 软件工程的基本要素包括方法、工具和（ a ）。

a过程b软件系统 c硬件环境d人员14. turbo pascal是（ a）软件。

a、系统软件b、人工智能c、事务软件d、应用软件15、选择结构的复杂性比顺序结构的复杂性要（b ）。

800-899数字谐音编码

800法拉利801白鲢鱼802玻璃砖803暴龙兽804比例尺805拨浪鼓806便利贴807玻璃球808白龙马809咖喱鸡810白玉兰811避孕药812捕鱼人813百叶窗814打油诗815不倒翁816柏油路817皮影戏818哈密瓜819培养基820扑克脸821八爪鱼822百日咳823盘中餐824马克思825达尔文826花泽类（流星花园男2号）827达芬奇828百合花829打字机830蒲松龄831鲍叔牙832必胜客833白衬衫834变身术（鸣人色诱之术）835爬山虎836花生露837变声器838披萨饼839长江840盘丝洞841波斯猫842白素贞843贝斯手844喷水池845白丝袜846卡式炉847捕鼠器848打水漂849白世镜（天龙八部中人物）850花木兰851百度云852贝多芬853白无常854苹果树855澎湖湾856备忘录857蝙蝠侠858保温杯859毕福剑860布罗利（龙珠剧场版中人物）861达鲁伊862布莱曼（莎拉·布莱曼）863冰绿茶864比鲁斯（破坏神）865芭蕾舞866不归路867百会穴（武侠中百会穴被点，人会晕厥）868漂流瓶869白鹿精870冰淇淋871白枪鱼872八仙桌873棒球衫874保险丝875八贤王876 877保险箱878滑雪板879普希金880泡泡龙881枇杷叶882八宝粥883碰碰车884帮宝适（宝宝纸尿裤）885弼马温886拿破仑887乒乓球888乒乓板889背背佳890金莲891步惊云892麻将桌893芭蕉扇894绊脚石895啤酒肚896花溅泪（感时花溅泪）897北极熊898贝吉塔899马加爵。

洪恩

洪恩有声读物数据与图书对应表
序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 分类朗读者朗读者朗读者朗读者朗读者产品名称角龙·洪恩学前教育整体解决方案——Bolooloo美语-基础篇（Book1-Book8）角龙·洪恩学前教育整体解决方案——Bolooloo美语-进阶篇（Book17-Book24）角龙·洪恩学前教育整体解决方案——Bolooloo美语-提高篇（Book9-Book16）角龙·洪恩学前教育整体解决方案——Bolooloo美语-幼小衔接（Book25-Book32）角龙·洪恩学前教育整体解决方案——波噜噜双语图解 1000词数据名称 28538.dj s 28540.dj s 28539.dj s 28541.dj s 28569.dj s 28570.dj s 29008.dj s 29075.dj s 28578.dj s 28579.dj s 28580.dj s 29031.dj s 28571.dj s 28572.dj s 28573.dj s 28574.dj s 28575.dj s 28576.dj s 28577.dj s 29041.dj s
67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89
朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（美术启蒙1）朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（美术启蒙2）思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（数学基础1、2、3；思维逻辑1、2、3）思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（数学基础4、5、6；思朗读者维逻辑4、5、6）朗读者朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（音乐舞蹈1）朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（音乐舞蹈2）朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（语言乐园1、2）朗读者思维龙·洪恩幼儿思维训练-T6（语言乐园3、4）朗读者我的第一本套装朗读者小小口袋发声套装朗读者小小幼儿英语第一季（及手提盒版，精选集）朗读者小小幼儿英语第二季（及手提盒版，精选集）朗读者学前必备套装（500字/词）朗读者幼儿认知套装-启蒙篇朗读者幼儿认知套装-提高篇朗读者幼儿识字套装朗读者与恐龙共舞全册及贴纸朗读者子集扩展幼儿识字——套装/初阶/中阶/高阶朗读者/ 幼儿园教材幼儿园教材幼儿园教材幼儿园教材幼儿园教材幼儿英语套装（旧教材版999元大套装）/幼儿英语套装（旧教材版）《爱的小脚印》洪恩幼儿园早期阅读整体课程（小班上）《爱的小脚印》洪恩幼儿园早期阅读整体课程（小班下）《爱的小脚印》洪恩幼儿园早期阅读整体课程（中班上）《爱的小脚印》洪恩幼儿园早期阅读整体课程（中班下）

杜曼闪卡正确的教学顺序

杜曼闪卡正确的教学顺序产品适用时间段提示：1.黑白启智卡（0-6个月宝宝，3个月之前最好）2.右脑圆点卡（3个月-6岁宝宝，3岁之前最好）3.杜曼数字卡（6个月-6岁宝宝）4.双语识字卡（6个月-9岁宝宝）5.八国语言卡（6个月-6岁宝宝）6.右脑百科卡（6个月-6岁宝宝）7.汽车百科卡（6个月-6岁宝宝）8.百科国旗卡（6个月-6岁宝宝）产品使用顺序：1.宝宝出生第二天就可以开始看《黑白启智卡》中的黑白圆点卡，给宝宝看一到两个星期之后，再加入黑白轮廓卡中的黑底白图一起看，黑底白轮廓图看完之后再看白底黑轮廓图。

2.《黑白启智卡》学完后，正式开始学习红色圆点卡《右脑圆点卡》，通常在学习《右脑圆点卡》一个半月后，可以加入其他卡片一起学习，先加入《双语识字阅读卡》学习汉字，接下来可以加入《右脑百科卡》、《汽车百科卡》、《八国语言卡》。

3.《杜曼数字卡》是等宝宝学完1-100红色圆点卡并能熟练运用圆点卡做运算之后才用的，而《双语识字阅读卡》的英文则是在宝宝奠定了母语基础后才学习的。

添加使用原则：在给宝宝使用上面的产品的时候，要按照宝宝学习的具体进度实行，而且，要坚持做到慢慢添加，一步步完成，切不要毛躁。

各位家长，相信杜曼闪卡不仅会给孩子们带来良好的早教效果，同时，孩子们在使用的过程中，也能够进行最好的右脑开发效果，让宝宝变得更加聪明。

《杜曼世界名画卡》的使用方法在孩子的右脑开发中，很多家长会给孩子选择杜曼闪卡系列，的确，这种闪卡早教会给孩子带来神奇的使用效果，但是前提是孩子们坚持了正确的使用方法，下面，小编给大家带来《杜曼世界名画卡》的正确使用方法。

一、进行方法。

要想使用《杜曼世界名画卡》进行一次闪卡训练，方法就是选择5个画家的名画各1张，每次训练教宝宝每张名画各5条纲领，共25条纲领，每条纲领不超过15秒的教导时间，在刚开始的训练中，家长可以快速地念出卡片上的内容。

二、每一天的进度。

除了正确的使用方法之后，在使用进度上，也是需要家长们掌握的，刚开始使用《杜曼世界名画卡》的的时候，一天选择五个类别，每类五条纲领，每条纲领一天之内至少重复三次。

IATA AHM目录

Airport Handling ManualEffective 1 January—31 December 201838NOTICEDISCLAIMER. The information contained in thispublication is subject to constant review in the lightof changing government requirements and regula-tions. No subscriber or other reader should act onthe basis of any such information without referringto applicable laws and regulations and/or withouttak ing appropriate professional advice. Althoughevery effort has been made to ensure accuracy, theInternational Air Transport Association shall not beheld responsible for any loss or damage caused byerrors, omissions, misprints or misinterpretation ofthe contents hereof. Furthermore, the InternationalAir Transport Association expressly disclaims anyand all liability to any person or entity, whether apurchaser of this publication or not, in respect ofanything done or omitted, and the consequencesof anything done or omitted, by any such person orentity in reliance on the contents of this publication.Opinions expressed in advertisements appearing inthis publication are the advertiser’s opinions and donot necessarily reflect those of IATA. The mentionof specific companies or products in advertisementdoes not imply that they are endorsed or recom-mended by IATA in preference to others of a simi-lar nature which are not mentioned or advertised.© International Air Transport Association. AllRights Reserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced, recast, reformatted or trans-mitted in any form by any means, electronic ormechanical, including photocopying, record-ing or any information storage and retrieval sys-tem, without the prior written permission from:Senior Vice PresidentAirport, Passenger, Cargo and SecurityInternational Air Transport Association800 Place VictoriaP.O. Box 113Montreal, QuebecCANADA H4Z 1M1Airport Handling ManualMaterial No.: 9343-38ISBN 978-92-9229-505-9© 2017 International Air Transport Association. All rights reserved.TABLE OF CONTENTSPage Preface (xv)Introduction (xvii)General (1)AHM001Chapter0—Record of Revisions (1)AHM011Standard Classification and Numbering for Members Airport Handling Manuals (2)AHM012Office Function Designators for Airport Passenger and Baggage Handling (30)AHM020Guidelines for the Establishment of Airline Operators Committees (31)AHM021Guidelines for Establishing Aircraft Ground Times (34)AHM050Aircraft Emergency Procedures (35)AHM070E-Invoicing Standards (53)Chapter1—PASSENGER HANDLING (91)AHM100Chapter1—Record of Revisions (91)AHM110Involuntary Change of Carrier,Routing,Class or Type of Fare (92)AHM112Denied Boarding Compensation (98)AHM120Inadmissible Passengers and Deportees (99)AHM140Items Removed from a Passenger's Possession by Security Personnel (101)AHM141Hold Loading of Duty-Free Goods (102)AHM170Dangerous Goods in Passenger Baggage (103)AHM176Recommendations for the Handling of Passengers with Reduced Mobility(PRM) (105)AHM176A Acceptance and Carriage of Passengers with Reduced Mobility(PRM) (106)AHM180Carriage of Passengers with Communicable Diseases (114)AHM181General Guidelines for Passenger Agents in Case of SuspectedCommunicable Disease (115)Chapter2—BAGGAGE HANDLING (117)AHM200Chapter2—Record of Revisions (117)AHM210Local Baggage Committees (118)AHM211Airport Operating Rules (124)Airport Handling ManualPageChapter2—BAGGAGE HANDLING(continued)AHM212Interline Connecting Time Intervals—Passenger and Checked Baggage (126)AHM213Form of Interline Baggage Tags (128)AHM214Use of the10Digit Licence Plate (135)AHM215Found and Unclaimed Checked Baggage (136)AHM216On-Hand Baggage Summary Tag (138)AHM217Forwarding Mishandled Baggage (139)AHM218Dangerous Goods in Passengers'Baggage (141)AHM219Acceptance of Firearms and Other Weapons and Small Calibre Ammunition (142)AHM221Acceptance of Power Driven Wheelchairs or Other Battery Powered Mobility Aidsas Checked Baggage (143)AHM222Passenger/Baggage Reconciliation Procedures (144)AHM223Licence Plate Fallback Sortation Tags (151)AHM224Baggage Taken in Error (154)AHM225Baggage Irregularity Report (156)AHM226Tracing Unchecked Baggage and Handling Damage to Checked and UncheckedBaggage (159)AHM230Baggage Theft and Pilferage Prevention (161)AHM231Carriage of Carry-On Baggage (164)AHM232Handling of Security Removed Items (168)AHM240Baggage Codes for Identifying ULD Contents and/or Bulk-Loaded Baggage (169)Chapter3—CARGO/MAIL HANDLING (171)AHM300Chapter3—Record of Revisions (171)AHM310Preparation for Loading of Cargo (172)AHM311Securing of Load (174)AHM312Collection Sacks and Bags (177)AHM320Handling of Damaged Cargo (178)AHM321Handling of Pilfered Cargo (179)AHM322Handling Wet Cargo (180)AHM330Handling Perishable Cargo (182)AHM331Handling and Protection of Valuable Cargo (184)AHM332Handling and Stowage of Live Animals (188)AHM333Handling of Human Remains (190)Table of ContentsPageChapter3—CARGO/MAIL HANDLING(continued)AHM340Acceptance Standards for the Interchange of Transferred Unit Load Devices (191)AHM345Handling of Battery Operated Wheelchairs/Mobility AIDS as Checked Baggage (197)AHM350Mail Handling (199)AHM351Mail Documents (203)AHM353Handling of Found Mail (218)AHM354Handling of Damaged Mail (219)AHM355Mail Security (220)AHM356Mail Safety (221)AHM357Mail Irregularity Message (222)AHM360Company Mail (224)AHM380Aircraft Documents Stowage (225)AHM381Special Load—Notification to Captain(General) (226)AHM382Special Load—Notification to Captain(EDP Format and NOTOC Service) (231)AHM383Special Load—Notification to Captain(EDP NOTOC Summary) (243)AHM384NOTOC Message(NTM) (246)Chapter4—AIRCRAFT HANDLING AND LOADING (251)AHM400Chapter4—Record of Revisions (251)AHM411Provision and Carriage of Loading Accessories (252)AHM420Tagging of Unit Load Devices (253)AHM421Storage of Unit Load Devices (263)AHM422Control of Transferred Unit Load Devices (268)AHM423Unit Load Device Stock Check Message (273)AHM424Unit Load Device Control Message (275)AHM425Continued Airworthiness of Unit Load Devices (279)AHM426ULD Buildup and Breakdown (283)AHM427ULD Transportation (292)AHM430Operating of Aircraft Doors (295)AHM431Aircraft Ground Stability—Tipping (296)AHM440Potable Water Servicing (297)AHM441Aircraft Toilet Servicing (309)Airport Handling ManualPageChapter4—AIRCRAFT HANDLING AND LOADING(continued)AHM450Standardisation of Gravity Forces against which Load must be Restrained (310)AHM451Technical Malfunctions Limiting Load on Aircraft (311)AHM453Handling/Bulk Loading of Heavy Items (312)AHM454Handling and Loading of Big Overhang Items (313)AHM455Non CLS Restrained ULD (316)AHM460Guidelines for Turnround Plan (323)AHM462Safe Operating Practices in Aircraft Handling (324)AHM463Safety Considerations for Aircraft Movement Operations (337)AHM465Foreign Object Damage(FOD)Prevention Program (340)Chapter5—LOAD CONTROL (343)AHM500Chapter5—Record of Revisions (343)AHM501Terms and Definitions (345)AHM503Recommended Requirements for a New Departure Control System (351)AHM504Departure Control System Evaluation Checklist (356)AHM505Designation of Aircraft Holds,Compartments,Bays and Cabin (362)AHM510Handling/Load Information Codes to be Used on Traffic Documents and Messages (368)AHM513Aircraft Structural Loading Limitations (377)AHM514EDP Loading Instruction/Report (388)AHM515Manual Loading Instruction/Report (404)AHM516Manual Loadsheet (416)AHM517EDP Loadsheet (430)AHM518ACARS Transmitted Loadsheet (439)AHM519Balance Calculation Methods (446)AHM520Aircraft Equipped with a CG Targeting System (451)AHM530Weights for Passengers and Baggage (452)AHM531Procedure for Establishing Standard Weights for Passengers and Baggage (453)AHM533Passengers Occupying Crew Seats (459)AHM534Weight Control of Load (460)AHM536Equipment in Compartments Procedure (461)AHM537Ballast (466)Table of ContentsPageChapter5—LOAD CONTROL(continued)AHM540Aircraft Unit Load Device—Weight and Balance Control (467)AHM550Pilot in Command's Approval of the Loadsheet (468)AHM551Last Minute Changes on Loadsheet (469)AHM561Departure Control System,Carrier's Approval Procedures (471)AHM562Semi-Permanent Data Exchange Message(DEM) (473)AHM564Migration from AHM560to AHM565 (480)AHM565EDP Semi-Permanent Data Exchange for New Generation Departure Control Systems (500)AHM570Automated Information Exchange between Check-in and Load Control Systems (602)AHM571Passenger and Baggage Details for Weight and Balance Report(PWR) (608)AHM580Unit Load Device/Bulk Load Weight Statement (613)AHM581Unit Load Device/Bulk Load Weight Signal (615)AHM583Loadmessage (619)AHM587Container/Pallet Distribution Message (623)AHM588Statistical Load Summary (628)AHM590Load Control Procedures and Loading Supervision Responsibilities (631)AHM591Weight and Balance Load Control and Loading Supervision Training and Qualifications (635)Chapter6—MANAGEMENT AND SAFETY (641)AHM600Chapter6—Record of Revisions (641)AHM610Guidelines for a Safety Management System (642)AHM611Airside Personnel:Responsibilities,Training and Qualifications (657)AHM612Airside Performance Evaluation Program (664)AHM615Quality Management System (683)AHM616Human Factors Program (715)AHM619Guidelines for Producing Emergency Response Plan(s) (731)AHM620Guidelines for an Emergency Management System (733)AHM621Security Management (736)AHM633Guidelines for the Handling of Emergencies Requiring the Evacuation of an Aircraft During Ground Handling (743)AHM650Ramp Incident/Accident Reporting (745)AHM652Recommendations for Airside Safety Investigations (750)AHM660Carrier Guidelines for Calculating Aircraft Ground Accident Costs (759)Airport Handling ManualChapter7—AIRCRAFT MOVEMENT CONTROL (761)AHM700Chapter7—Record of Revisions (761)AHM710Standards for Message Formats (762)AHM711Standards for Message Corrections (764)AHM730Codes to be Used in Aircraft Movement and Diversion Messages (765)AHM731Enhanced Reporting on ATFM Delays by the Use of Sub Codes (771)AHM780Aircraft Movement Message (774)AHM781Aircraft Diversion Message (786)AHM782Fuel Monitoring Message (790)AHM783Request Information Message (795)AHM784Gate Message (797)AHM785Aircraft Initiated Movement Message(MVA) (802)AHM790Operational Aircraft Registration(OAR)Message (807)Chapter8—GROUND HANDLING AGREEMENTS (811)AHM800Chapter8—Record of Revisions (811)AHM801Introduction to and Comments on IATA Standard Ground Handling Agreement(SGHA) (812)AHM803Service Level Agreement Example (817)AHM810IATA Standard Ground Handling Agreement (828)AHM811Yellow Pages (871)AHM813Truck Handling (872)AHM815Standard Transportation Documents Service Main Agreement (873)AHM817Standard Training Agreement (887)AHM830Ground Handling Charge Note (891)AHM840Model Agreement for Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) (894)Chapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS (911)AHM900Chapter9—Record of Revisions (911)AHM901Functional Specifications (914)AHM904Aircraft Servicing Points and System Requirements (915)AIRBUS A300B2320-/B4/C4 (917)A300F4-600/-600C4 (920)A310–200/200C/300 (926)A318 (930)A319 (933)Table of ContentsPageChapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS(continued) AHM904Aircraft Doors,Servicing Points and System Requirements for the Use of Ground Support Equipment(continued)A320 (936)A321 (940)A330-200F (943)A330-300 (948)A340-200 (951)A340-300 (955)A340-500 (959)A340-600 (962)Airbus350900passenger (965)AIRBUS A380-800/-800F (996)ATR42100/200 (999)ATR72 (1000)AVRO RJ70 (1001)AVRO RJ85 (1002)AVRO RJ100 (1003)B727-200 (1004)B737–200/200C (1008)B737-300,400,-500 (1010)B737-400 (1013)B737-500 (1015)B737-600,-700,-700C (1017)B737-700 (1020)B737-800 (1022)B737-900 (1026)B747–100SF/200C/200F (1028)B747–400/400C (1030)B757–200 (1038)B757–300 (1040)Airport Handling ManualPageChapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS(continued) AHM904Aircraft Doors,Servicing Points and System Requirements for the Use of Ground Support Equipment(continued)B767—200/200ER (1041)B767—300/300ER (1044)B767—400ER (1048)B777–200/200LR (1051)B777–300/300ER (1055)Boeing787800passenger (1059)BAe ATP(J61) (1067)Bombardier CS100 (1068)Bombardier CS300 (1072)CL-65(CRJ100/200) (1076)DC8–40/50F SERIES (1077)DC8–61/61F (1079)DC8–62/62F (1081)DC8–63/63F (1083)DC9–15/21 (1085)DC9–32 (1086)DC9–41 (1087)DC9–51 (1088)DC10–10/10CF (1089)DC10–30/40,30/40CF (1091)EMBRAER EMB-135Regional Models (1092)EMBRAER EMB-145Regional Models (1094)Embraer170 (1096)Embraer175 (1098)Embraer190 (1100)Embraer195 (1102)FOKKER50(F27Mk050) (1104)FOKKER50(F27Mk0502) (1106)Chapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS(continued) AHM904Aircraft Doors,Servicing Points and System Requirements for the Use of Ground Support Equipment(continued)FOKKER70(F28Mk0070) (1108)FOKKER100(F28Mk0100) (1110)FOKKER100(F28Mk0100) (1112)IL-76T (1114)MD-11 (1116)MD–80SERIES (1118)SAAB2000 (1119)SAAB SF-340 (1120)TU-204 (1122)AHM905Reference Material for Civil Aircraft Ground Support Equipment (1125)AHM905A Cross Reference of IATA Documents with SAE,CEN,and ISO (1129)AHM909Summary of Unit Load Device Capacity and Dimensions (1131)AHM910Basic Requirements for Aircraft Ground Support Equipment (1132)AHM911Ground Support Equipment Requirements for Compatibility with Aircraft Unit Load Devices (1136)AHM912Standard Forklift Pockets Dimensions and Characteristics for Forkliftable General Support Equipment (1138)AHM913Basic Safety Requirements for Aircraft Ground Support Equipment (1140)AHM914Compatibility of Ground Support Equipment with Aircraft Types (1145)AHM915Standard Controls (1147)AHM916Basic Requirements for Towing Vehicle Interface(HITCH) (1161)AHM917Basic Minimum Preventive Maintenance Program/Schedule (1162)AHM920Functional Specification for Self-Propelled Telescopic Passenger Stairs (1164)AHM920A Functional Specification for Towed Passenger Stairs (1167)AHM921Functional Specification for Boarding/De-Boarding Vehicle for Passengers withReduced Mobility(PRM) (1169)AHM922Basic Requirements for Passenger Boarding Bridge Aircraft Interface (1174)AHM923Functional Specification for Elevating Passenger Transfer Vehicle (1180)AHM924Functional Specification for Heavy Item Lift Platform (1183)AHM925Functional Specification for a Self-Propelled Conveyor-Belt Loader (1184)AHM925A Functional Specification for a Self-Propelled Ground Based in-Plane LoadingSystem for Bulk Cargo (1187)Chapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS(continued) AHM925B Functional Specification for a Towed Conveyor-Belt Loader (1190)AHM926Functional Specification for Upper Deck Catering Vehicle (1193)AHM927Functional Specification for Main Deck Catering Vehicle (1197)AHM930Functional Specification for an Upper Deck Container/Pallet Loader (1201)AHM931Functional Specification for Lower Deck Container/Pallet Loader (1203)AHM932Functional Specification for a Main Deck Container/Pallet Loader (1206)AHM933Functional Specification of a Powered Extension Platform to Lower Deck/Container/ Pallet Loader (1209)AHM934Functional Specification for a Narrow Body Lower Deck Single Platform Loader (1211)AHM934A Functional Specification for a Single Platform Slave Loader Bed for Lower DeckLoading Operations (1213)AHM936Functional Specification for a Container Loader Transporter (1215)AHM938Functional Specification for a Large Capacity Freighter and Combi Aircraft TailStanchion (1218)AHM939Functional Specification for a Transfer Platform Lift (1220)AHM941Functional Specification for Equipment Used for Establishing the Weight of aULD/BULK Load (1222)AHM942Functional Specification for Storage Equipment Used for Unit Load Devices (1224)AHM950Functional Specification for an Airport Passenger Bus (1225)AHM951Functional Specification for a Crew Transportation Vehicle (1227)AHM953Functional Specifications for a Valuable Cargo Vehicle (1229)AHM954Functional Specification for an Aircraft Washing Machine (1230)AHM955Functional Specification for an Aircraft Nose Gear Towbar Tractor (1232)AHM956Functional Specification for Main Gear Towbarless Tractor (1235)AHM957Functional Specification for Nose Gear Towbarless Tractor (1237)AHM958Functional Specification for an Aircraft Towbar (1240)AHM960Functional Specification for Unit Load Device Transport Vehicle (1242)AHM961Functional Specification for a Roller System for Unit Load Device Transportation on Trucks (1245)AHM962Functional Specification for a Rollerised Platform for the Transportation of Twenty Foot Unit Load Devices that Interfaces with Trucks Equipped to Accept Freight ContainersComplying with ISO668:1988 (1247)AHM963Functional Specification for a Baggage/Cargo Cart (1249)AHM965Functional Specification for a Lower Deck Container Turntable Dolly (1250)AHM966Functional Specification for a Pallet Dolly (1252)Chapter9—AIRPORT HANDLING GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS(continued) AHM967Functional Specification for a Twenty Foot Unit Load Device Dolly (1254)AHM968Functional Specification for Ramp Equipment Tractors (1256)AHM969Functional Specification for a Pallet/Container Transporter (1257)AHM970Functional Specification for a Self-Propelled Potable Water Vehicle with Rear orFront Servicing (1259)AHM971Functional Specification for a Self-Propelled Lavatory Service Vehicle with Rear orFront Servicing (1262)AHM972Functional Specifications for a Ground Power Unit for Aircraft Electrical System (1265)AHM973Functional Specification for a Towed Aircraft Ground Heater (1269)AHM974Functional Specification for Aircraft Air Conditioning(Cooling)Unit (1272)AHM975Functional Specifications for Self-Propelled Aircraft De-Icing/Anti-Icing Unit (1274)AHM976Functional Specifications for an Air Start Unit (1278)AHM977Functional Specification for a Towed De-Icing/Anti-Icing Unit (1280)AHM978Functional Specification for a Towed Lavatory Service Cart (1283)AHM979Functional Specification for a Towed Boarding/De-Boarding Device for Passengers with Reduced Mobility(PRM)for Commuter-Type Aircraft (1285)AHM980Functional Specification for a Self-Propelled Petrol/Diesel Refueling Vehicle forGround Support Equipment (1287)AHM981Functional Specification for a Towed Potable Water Service Cart (1289)AHM990Guidelines for Preventative Maintenance of Aircraft Towbars (1291)AHM994Criteria for Consideration of the Investment in Ground Support Equipment (1292)AHM995Basic Unit Load Device Handling System Requirements (1296)AHM997Functional Specification for Sub-Freezing Aircraft Air Conditioning Unit (1298)Chapter10—ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR GROUND HANDLING OPERATIONS (1301)AHM1000Chapter10—Record of Revisions (1301)AHM1001Environmental Specifications for Ground Handling Operations (1302)AHM1002Environmental Impact on the Use of Ground Support Equipment (1303)AHM1003GSE Environmental Quality Audit (1305)AHM1004Guidelines for Calculating GSE Exhaust Emissions (1307)AHM1005Guidelines for an Environmental Management System (1308)Chapter11—GROUND OPERATIONS TRAINING PROGRAM (1311)AHM1100Chapter11—Record of Revisions (1311)AHM1110Ground Operations Training Program (1312)Appendix A—References (1347)Appendix B—Glossary (1379)Alphabetical List of AHM Titles (1387)IATA Strategic Partners..............................................................................................................................SP–1。

杜曼常见问题解答

1，问：杜曼是什么？回答：杜曼闪卡是杜曼等国际著名右脑潜能开发专家研发的成功教育方法，用闪示的手法向宝宝快速传达信息，以刺激宝宝大脑相关神经通路，从而来开发宝宝的潜能的。

2，问：杜曼早教适合多大的宝宝？回答一：杜曼早教适用于0-6岁的婴幼儿。

0-3岁是人的一生发展中重要时期。

一个人学习能力的50%是在是生命的头4年发展起来的，另外30%是在8岁之前发展起来的。

回答二：你宝宝现在是进行杜曼早教的最佳时机的，越好教越好教效果也越好的。

3，问：杜曼这么多卡怎么选择？回答一：你想从哪几个方面对宝宝进行训练，回答二：杜曼闪卡三大类：就智力发展的自然法则而言，智识奠基于三大能力。

第一为数学能力。

数学，为所有科学的基础，通过黑白点卡、圆点卡、数字卡的训练实现。

第二为语言识字阅读能力。

阅读，是所有科目的基础，通过杜曼双语识字卡、八国语言动植物卡实现。

第三为常识能力。

常识，由丰富的事实构成，通过杜曼百科卡，汽车百科卡，国旗卡等实现。

回答三：我建议你宝宝可以使用套装3，对宝宝数学，语言识字，百科常识三个方面的全面系统的学习刺激，从而开发宝宝的潜能，提高宝宝的记忆能力～回答四：你想先订一部分的话我建议你可以先订圆点卡和双语识字卡进行训练。

（通常先进行圆点卡一个半月后加入双语卡，双语卡先学习中文的一面，圆点卡学习完后再加入数字卡，接下去再使用百科卡等其他卡。

）4，问：杜曼主要是训练宝宝什么的？回答：杜曼闪卡是通过视觉、听觉等感觉渠道，来刺激大脑细胞分裂、增殖和成长，从而开发孩子右脑，启迪智慧，提高记忆力！而不单单认卡本身的细分：一，圆点卡和数字卡的作用：杜曼右脑圆点卡和数字卡主要用来孩子学习100以内的加减乘除法和四则运算，打开右脑快速计算脑细胞回路。

使用后孩子可以瞬间计算100以内的加减乘除法和四则混合运算5，问：市场上这么多卡哪种好？回答一：我们都有质量保证的哦，有加防伪识别码，你都是可以查询的哦，我们现在全国各大中小城市都有开通货到付款的哦，免快递费。

精选-900-999数字谐音编码

900九连环901金龙鱼902九龙珠903巨灵神904精灵鼠（精灵鼠小弟）905脊梁骨906伽利略907剪力墙908接力棒909捡垃圾910金岳霖911（美国911恐怖袭击）912加油站913贾雨村914金鱼池915井底蛙916焦裕禄917节育器918金元宝919金鱼姬920景泰蓝921集中营922金正恩923蒋竹山（金瓶梅中人物）924建筑师925架子鼓926集合论927减震器928金字塔929脚趾甲930救生艇931紧身衣932鸡肠子933寄生兽934健身室935金城武936金水路937救生圈938金算盘939脚手架940菊次郎941金丝燕942久石让943净水厂944金属丝945爵士舞946鸡饲料947金丝雀948警示牌（汽车三角警示牌）949洁厕剂950纪墨鸿951接吻鱼952鸠摩智953救护车954讲故事955九尾狐956酒葫芦957界王拳958金箍棒959鸡尾酒960金牛岭961金缕衣962江流儿（围棋少年主人公）963降落伞964交汇处965经络图966迦楼罗（金翅大鹏）967解螺旋968金罗盘969金盔甲970纪晓岚971金枪鱼972绝情丹973举起手974鲸骑士975机械舞976剪秋罗977金秀贤978金钱豹979机械姬980吉卜力981贾宝玉982卷铺盖983吉普车984禁闭室985鸡屁股986君麻吕987节拍器988脚踏板989交杯酒990加加林991解酒药992煎鸡蛋993狙击手994蒋介石995蒋经国996甲基绿（与DNA结合成绿色）997警戒线998九节鞭999感冒灵颗粒（注：专业文档是经验性极强的领域，无法思考和涵盖全面，素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。

可复制、编制，期待你的好评与关注）。

《00-99谐音数字桩》图像联想记忆训练

右脑记忆法之图像联想记忆------《00-99谐音数字桩》及实际应用《00-99谐音数字桩》汇总表《00-99谐音数字桩》图像及联想记忆链00铃铃01冬衣02铃儿03零散04零食05动物06领路07令旗08东巴09动脚一阵清脆的“铃铃”声传了过来，原来是一位穿着厚厚冬衣的老人摇响了手中的铃儿。

老人早已在干枯的草地上零散地撒了许多零食，引来许多动物竞相争抢。

过了一会儿，这个领路的老人又挥动起另一只手中的令旗，带领这群动物跳起了欢快的东巴舞，他偶尔还动脚踢那些不守规矩的动物。

（00、01、02、03、04、05、06、07、08、09）10衣领11牙医12婴儿13医生14钥匙15衣物16衣篓17仪器18哑巴19衣钩穿着一件红色衣领服装的牙医正在给一个婴儿看牙齿；旁边还有位医生拿着一把钥匙给孩子们变戏法，来使他们保持安静。

只见他先变出了许多花花绿绿的衣物，接着又变出几个衣篓将这些衣物装了起来，引得孩子们一个个瞪大眼睛、张大嘴巴，显示出非常好奇的样子。

这时，有台检测身高体重的仪器送了过来，送货的竟然是个哑巴，他一直不停地用手比划。

他是用一个特制衣钩将体重计拖过来的，大家都很佩服他。

（10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19）20耳洞21阿姨22鹅儿23梁山24粮食25二胡26二楼27耳机28恶霸29阿娇一个耳洞大大的阿姨，正拿着一根长长竹竿赶着一群鹅儿上梁山，原来是菜园子张青带着老婆下山采购货物归来。

最近水泊寨的粮食紧张，大家都没法吃饱，一个个都无精打采。

李逵为了逗大家乐，胡乱地拉着二胡；由于声音太难听，坐在二楼的好汉们一个个都戴上了耳机；以至于连附近恶霸大声呵斥抽打阿娇的声音，大家都没有一个人听见。

（20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29）30山林31山腰32扇儿33上山34上士35珊瑚36山路37升旗38伤疤39香蕉扇儿在休息；走近一看，原来是一位艰难上山的上士，因为他背上还背着一块大大的珊瑚。

杜曼---黑白点卡使用指南

杜曼黑白点卡使用指南杜曼黑白点卡使用指南以下文字摘自《如何教宝宝数学》如果你自宝宝出生之后就开始进行，此时并未正式教他数学，而是刺激他视觉的发展。

我们称为零级。

新生儿只能看到光线的明暗及物体模糊的轮廓。

他看得到母亲的影子在明亮的窗前移动，这种明暗的对比，有助于新生儿视力的发展。

等到他看清楚轮廓，就会开始搜寻细节，例如母亲的眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。

此时让新生的小宝宝看有圆点的卡片，对于他的视力发展，有非常好的刺激作用。

对小宝宝而言，语言远比文字或图形更抽象，更难以理解。

同样的一句话，因为语气不同，对于小宝宝的意义也不相同。

图形是不会改变的。

白色的卡片上面画着三个大的圆点，告诉宝宝，「3」。

不论看多少次，小宝宝每一次看到的都是同样的东西。

因此他学习的效果更快更好。

先从1—7开始。

给新生儿看的卡片，圆点要非常大，直径大约是一寸半，也可以用粗线条的麦克笔画在卡片上。

此时最好是在白色的卡片画上黑点。

在这个阶段的小宝宝，黑点比红点看得更清楚。

把小宝宝抱在怀里，卡片距离他大约是十八英寸，告诉他「1」；拿着卡片停一会儿，他会调整自己的视线。

等他看到了，再清楚地说一次，「1」，让他注意看一两秒钟，再把卡片拿开。

新生儿的视力很差，如果你拿着卡片来回移动，他就很难看得清楚；因此，你应该拿着卡片静止不动，起初要十五秒以上，时间会随着小宝宝的视力发展而逐渐减少。

充足的光线非常重要。

光线应该直接照在卡片上，不能直射宝宝的眼睛。

第一天只让宝宝看1的卡片，至少十次，次数愈多愈好。

在每次换好尿布时让宝宝看卡片，效果非常好。

第二天换成2的卡片，同样看十次。

每天换一张卡片，一个星期之后，宝宝已经看完l到7。

接着再从1开始，一天看十次。

重复三个星期。

如果你拿出一张卡片，宝宝立刻会兴奋地扭动身体，踢踢小腿，就表示他不但看得到，而且了解卡片上的内容。

更重要的是，他非常喜欢这种游戏。

选择适当的时机让宝宝看卡片，避免疲倦及饥饿的时间；如果宝宝烦噪不安、整天哭闹，就要暂时停止练习，等到他的情绪恢复。

【计算机应用】_记忆_期刊发文热词逐年推荐_20140724

推荐指数 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2011年序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
科研热词高楼高层建筑遗传算法运动拼接网格输入码足球超记忆梯度算法起火语音联想词汇网记忆更新记忆体英语记忆法自适应联机联想记忆网络修剪网吧线性搜索线性反馈移位寄存器精选粗糙集簇内研究框架盲文电脑房球面杂交照片火灾演员混沌密码核本地策略服务评价时间步记忆搜索时间序列无线传感器网络数据抑制排列组合算法抗体亲和度微粒群算法形态学联想记忆模型形态学联想记忆性能形态学联想记忆应用形态学联想记忆应急措施序列密码属性约简导演实时字库大火
科研热词记忆入侵检测 pcd 集合调和防冲突重装系统遗忘遗传算法逻辑电路设计适应机制适应性免疫进化算法进化免疫边界跟踪输入车辆调度路径优化贝叶斯决策理论误删除记忆棒记忆库记忆原理自适应脑血管图像网络安全网站地址网址链ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 系统重装簇禁忌搜索算法砖省力电脑电子商务物流特征多项式爱情混合算法比特功率分配正交频分复用模拟退火算法模拟退火格式化最小风险旅行商问题方向记忆文字文件夹设置整合主板数码相框掌机扩散激发录入

openjudge答案

openjudge答案【篇一：整理的-----acm题目及答案】a + b problem (4)1001 sum problem (5)1002 a + b problem ii (6)1005 number sequence (8)1008 elevator (9)1009 fatmouse trade (11)1021 fibonacci again (13)1089 a+b for input-output practice (i) (14)1090 a+b for input-output practice (ii) (15)1091 a+b for input-output practice (iii) (16)1092 a+b for input-output practice (iv) (17)1093 a+b for input-output practice (v) (18)1094 a+b for input-output practice (vi) (20)1095 a+b for input-output practice (vii) (21)1096 a+b for input-output practice (viii) (22)1176 免费馅饼 (23)1204 糖果大战 (25)1213 how many tables (26)2000 ascii码排序 (32)2001 计算两点间的距离 (34)2002 计算球体积 (35)2003 求绝对值 (36)2004 成绩转换 (37)2005 第几天？ (38)2006 求奇数的乘积 (40)2007 平方和与立方和 (41)2008 数值统计 (42)2009 求数列的和 (43)2010 水仙花数 (44)2011 多项式求和 (46)2012 素数判定 (47)2014 青年歌手大奖赛_评委会打分 (49)2015 偶数求和 (50)2016 数据的交换输出 (52)2017 字符串统计 (54)2019 数列有序! (55)2020 绝对值排序 (56)2021 发工资咯：） (58)2033 人见人爱a+b (59)2037 今年暑假不ac (61)2039 三角形 (63)2040 亲和数 (64)2045 不容易系列之(3)—— lele的rpg难题 (65)2049 不容易系列之(4)——考新郎 (66)2056 rectangles (68)2073 无限的路 (69)2084 数塔 (71)2201 熊猫阿波的故事 (72)2212 dfs (73)2304 electrical outlets (74)2309 icpc score totalizer software (75)2317 nasty hacks (77)2401 baskets of gold coins (78)2500 做一个正气的杭电人 (79)2501 tiling_easy version (80)2502 月之数 (81)2503 a/b + c/d (82)2504 又见gcd (83)2519 新生晚会 (84)2520 我是菜鸟，我怕谁 (85)2521 反素数 (86)2522 a simple problem (88)2523 sort again (89)2524 矩形a + b (90)2535 vote (91)2537 8球胜负 (93)2539 点球大战 (95)2547 无剑无我 (98)2548 两军交锋 .............................................................. 99 2549 壮志难酬 ............................................................. 100 2550 百步穿杨 ............................................................. 101 2551 竹青遍野 ............................................................. 103 2552 三足鼎立 ............................................................. 104 2553 n皇后问题 ............................................................ 105 2554 n对数的排列问题 ...................................................... 106 2555 人人都能参加第30届校田径运动会了 .................................... 107 2560buildings ............................................................ 110 2561 第二小整数 ........................................................... 112 2562 奇偶位互换 ........................................................... 113 2563 统计问题 ............................................................. 114 2564 词组缩写 ............................................................. 115 2565 放大的x .............................................................. 117 2566 统计硬币 ............................................................. 118 2567 寻梦 ................................................................. 119 2568 前进 ................................................................. 121 2569 彼岸 (123)2700 parity ............................................................... 124 2577 how to type . (126)北京大学：1035 spell checker ........................................................ 129 1061 青蛙的约会 ........................................................... 133 1142 smith numbers ........................................................ 136 1200 crazy search ......................................................... 139 1811 primetest ........................................................... 141 2262 goldbachs conjecture ................................................ 146 2407relatives ............................................................ 150 2447rsa .................................................................. 152 2503babelfish ............................................................ 156 2513 colored sticks . (159)acm算法：kurxx最小生成树 (163)prim ....................................................................... 164 堆实现最短路 ............................................................... 166 最短路dij普通版 (167)floyd (168)bell_man ................................................................... 168 拓扑排序 ................................................................... 169 dfs强连通分支 .............................................................. 170 最大匹配 ................................................................... 172 还有两个最大匹配模板 ....................................................... 173 最大权匹配,km算法 .......................................................... 175 两种欧拉路 (177)无向图： ............................................................... 177 有向图： (178)【最大流】edmonds karp (178)dinic (179)【最小费用最大流】edmonds karp对偶算法 (181)acm题目：【题目】排球队员站位问题 (182)【题目】把自然数Ｎ分解为若干个自然数之和。

SAE_J2178_2

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 9.Scaling, Limit, Offset, and Transfer Function (SLOT) Definitions (24)9.1Multiple Parameter Packeted (PKT) SLOTs (24)9.1.1Multiple Parameter Packeted Assignments (24)9.2Bit Mapped Without Mask (BMP) SLOTs (26)9.2.1Bit Mapped Without Mask Parameter Assignments (30)9.3Bit Mapped With Mask Bytes (BMM) SLOTs (30)9.3.1Bit Mapped With Mask Parameter Assignments (30)9.4Unsigned Numeric (UNM) SLOTs (30)9.4.1Unsigned Numeric Variable Assignments (31)9.52’Complement Signed Numeric (SNM) SLOT’s (33)9.5.12’s Complement Signed Numeric Variable Assignments (34)9.6State Encoded (SED) SLOT’s (34)9.6.1State Encoded Variable Assignments (34)9.7ASCII Encoded (ASC) SLOT’s (40)9.7.1ASCII Encoded Variable Assignments (40)9.7.2ASCII Character Set (42)9.8Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) SLOT’s (42)9.8.1Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Variable Assignments (42)9.9Signed Floating Point (Scientific Notation) (SFP) SLOT (44)9.9.1Signed Floating Point Variable Assignment (45)10.Multiple Frame, Single Parameter Format (45)11.Manufacturer PRN Usage by SAE J2178 Part (46)12.Notes (52)12.1Marginal Indicia (52)Appendix A Parameter Name Cross Reference (53)1.Scope—This SAE Recommended Practice defines the information contained in the header and data fields ofnon-diagnostic messages for automotive serial communications based on SAE J1850 Class B networks. This document describes and specifies the header fields, data fields, field sizes, scaling, representations, and data positions used within messages.The general structure of a SAE J1850 message frame without in-frame response is shown in Figure 1. The structure of a SAE J1850 message with in-frame response is shown in Figure 2. Figures 1 and 2 also show the scope of frame fields defined by this document for non-diagnostic messages. Refer to SAE J1979 for specifications of emissions related diagnostic message header and data fields. Refer to SAE J2190 for the definition of other diagnostic data fields. The description of the network interface hardware, basic protocol definition, electrical specifications, and the CRC byte are given in SAE J1850.FIGURE 1—SCOPE OF SAE J2178 FOR A SAE J1850 FRAME WITHOUT IN-FRAME RESPONSE (IFR)FIGURE 2—SCOPE OF SAE J2178 FOR A SAE J1850 FRAME WITH IN-FRAME RESPONSE (IFR)SAE J1850 defines two and only two formats of message headers. They are the Single Byte header format and the Consolidated header format. The Consolidated header format has two forms, a single byte form and a three byte form. This document covers all of these formats and forms to identify the contents of messages which could be sent on a SAE J1850 network.This document consists of four parts, each published separately.SAE J2178-1, Part 1 of SAE J2178 (Titled: Detailed Header Formats and Physical Address Assignments) describes the two allowed forms of message header formats, Single Byte and Consolidated. It also contains the physical node address range assignments for the typical sub-systems of an automobile.SAE J2178-2, Part 2 of SAE J2178 (this part, Titled: Data Parameter Definitions) defines the standard parametric data which may be exchanged on SAE J1850 (Class B) networks. The parameter scaling, ranges, and transfer functions are specified. Messages which refer to these parametric definitions shall always adhere to these parametric definitions. It is intended that at least one of the definitions for each parameter in this part match the SAE J1979 definition.SAE J2178-3, Part 3 of SAE J2178 (Titled: Frame IDs for Single Byte Forms of Headers) defines the message assignments for the Single Byte header format and the one byte form of the Consolidated header format.SAE J2178-4, Part 4 of SAE J2178 (Titled: Message Definition for Three Byte Headers) defines the message assignments for the three byte form of the Consolidated header format.1.1Standardized Parameter Definitions—The parameters used to describe data variables are one of the mostimportant functions of this document. To achieve commonality of messages in Class B networks, the data parameters must become standardized. This applies to data parameter definitions for use during normal vehicle operations as well as during diagnostic operations. By using common parameter definitions for non-diagnostic and diagnostic functions on the network, the modules which form the network can maintain one image or description of a data parameter.At this time however, it is felt that there is not enough experience and commonality of philosophy within the industry to define standard parameters. The purpose of this document is therefore to provide standard methods of defining parameters and examples of defined parameters for many potential applications within a vehicle. With this basis, it should be possible to avoid the definition of arbitrarily different parameters and move toward standard parameters in the future.Where parameters have been defined in the Diagnostic Test Modes, documents (SAE J1979 and J2190), such as Parameter Identifies for diagnostic purposes, the definitions in Part 2 of this document match the diagnosticdefinition.SAE J2178-2 defines the parameters to be used for non-diagnostic and diagnostic data format definitions. For new parameter definitions which are needed in the future, the new definitions, if they are expected to become widely used, must be integrated into this document for commonality across these types of applications. Of course, manufacturers are free to assign their own definitions to data parameters which are unique or proprietary to their products. They are, however, restricted to using the “Manufacturer Reserved”message header assignments in Parts 3 and 4 of this document when using these unique or proprietary data parameter definitions.2.References2.1Applicable Publications—The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1SAE P UBLICATIONS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J1213-1—Glossary of Vehicle Networks for Multiplex and Data CommunicationSAE J1850—Class B Data Communication Network InterfaceSAE J1930—Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms, Definitions, Abbreviations, and AcronymsSAE J1979—E/E Diagnostic Test ModesSAE J2190—Enhanced E/E Diagnostic Test Modes2.1.2O THER P UBLICATIONSANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985 August 12, 1985—IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic3.Definitions3.1Data [Data Field]—Data and data field are used interchangeably in this document and they both refer to afield within a frame that may include bytes with parameters pertaining to the message and/or secondary ID and/or extended addresses and/or test modes which further defines a particular message content being exchanged over the network.3.2Extended Address—The extended address is a means to allow a message to be addressed to a specificgeographical location or zone of the vehicle, independent of any node’s physical address.3.3Frame—A frame is one complete transmission of information which may or may not include an In-FrameResponse. The frame is enclosed by the start of frame and end of frame symbols. For Class B networks, each frame contains one and only one message (see “message”definition).3.4Frame ID—The Frame ID is the header byte for the Single Byte Header format and the one byte form of theconsolidated header format. The definition of the Frame ID is found in SAE J2178-3. This header byte defines the target and source and content of the frame.3.5Functional Addressing—Functional addressing allows a message to be addressed or sent to one or morenodes on the network interested in that function. Functional addressing is intended for messages that may be of interest to more than a single node. For example, an exterior lamp “off”message could be sent to all nodes controlling the vehicle exterior lamps by using a functional address. The functional address consists of a primary ID and may include a secondary ID and may also include an extended address.3.6Header [Header Field]—The header (or header field, used interchangeably) is a one or three byte field withina frame which contains information about the message priority, message source and target addressing,message type, and in-frame response type.3.7In-Frame Response (IFR) Type—The IFR type identifies the form of the in-frame response which is expectedwithin that message.3.8Load—The load command indicates the operation of directly replacing the current/existing value of aparameter with the parameter value(s) contained in the message.3.9Message—A message consists of all of the bytes of a frame excluding the delimiter symbols (SOF, EOD,EOF, NB).3.10Modify—The modify command indicates the operation of using the message data parameter value to change(e.g., increment, decrement, or toggle) the current/existing value.3.11Parameter—A parameter is the variable quantity included in some messages. The parameter value, scaling,offset, units, transfer function, etc., are unique to each particular message. (The assigned parameters are contained herein.)3.12Physical Addressing—Physical addressing allows a message to be addressed to a specific node or to allnodes or to a non-existent, null node. The information in this message is only of relevance to a particular node, so the other nodes on the bus should ignore the message, except for the case of the “all nodes”address.3.13Primary ID—The primary ID identifies the target for this functional message. This is the primary discriminatorused to group functions into main categories.3.14Priority—The priority describes the rank order and precedence of a message. Based upon the SAE J1850,Class B arbitration process, the message with the highest priority will win arbitration.3.15Report—A report indicates the transmission of parametric data values, based on: a change of state; a changeof value; on a periodic rate basis; or as a response to a specific request.3.16Request—A request is a command to, or a query for data, or action from another node on the network.3.17Response Data—The response data is the information from a node on the network in response to a requestfrom another node on the network. This may be an in-frame response or a report type of message.3.18Secondary ID—The secondary ID (along with the primary ID or Frame ID) identifies the functional target nodefor a message. The purpose of the secondary ID field within the frame is to further define the function or action being identified by the primary ID.4.Abbreviations and Acronyms4WD Four (4) Wheel DriveA/C Air ConditioningASC ASCII Encoded SLOTBCD Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) SLOTBMM Bit Mapped with Mask SLOTBMP Bit Mapped without Mask SLOTCRC Cyclic Redundancy CheckCS ChecksumDTC Diagnostic Trouble CodeEOD End of DataEOF End of FrameERR Error DetectionEV-ETS Electric Vehicle Energy Transfer SystemEVSE Electric Vehicle Supply EquipmentHVAC Heating, Ventilation, Air ConditioningID IdentifierIFR In-Frame ResponseLSB Least Significant Bit/ByteMAF Mass Air FlowMIL Malfunction Indicator LampMSB Most Significant Bit/ByteNB Normalization BitPID Parameter Identification (number, NOT the primary ID, see Section 8)PKT Multiple Parameter Packet SLOTPRN Parameter Reference NumberPRNDL Park, Reverse, Neutral, Drive, and Low - IndicatorRPM Revolutions Per MinuteSED State Encoded SLOTSFP Signed Floating Point (Scientific Notation) SLOTSLOT Scaling, Limit, Offset, and Transfer Function (see Section 9)SNM2’s Complement Signed Numeric SLOTSOF Start of FrameUNM Unsigned Numeric SLOTVIN Vehicle Identification Number5.General Information5.1Part 2 Overview—Section 6 provides a description of the parameter reference number (PRN) numbergroupings used for assigning PRN numbers to individual parameters. Section 7 defines the formats used to define all standard parameters to be used in SAE J2178 messages. Section 8 defines the specific parameter assignments in terms of names, units, and scale factor reference. Section 9 defines the actual parameter specifications (SLOT), in terms of the length, bit resolution, range, scale factor details, etc. Section 10 describes the case of very long parameters which cannot be transmitted in a single message. Table 30 provides a numerical cross reference to assist in finding the correct name of a parameter if the parameter identification number is known. Appendix A is an alphabetical cross reference to assist in finding the correct parameter identification number if the parameter name is known.The messages contain header fields and data fields, described in SAE J2178-1. The header field contains target, source, priority, and message type information, while the data field contains optional additional addressing and parametric information. This document defines the parametric information.For some applications, it is desirable to include multiple parameters in a single message. The multiple parameter format is called a packet in this document. For example, some diagnostic messages consist of combinations of these parameters to improve information density or to insure simultaneous readings of different variables. A very limited set of these combinations is defined here as industry standards but individual manufacturers are free to use this form in manufacturer specific messages, as needed.5.2How to Use This Document—This document (SAE J2178-2) provides the definition of parameters which arecommonly found, or could be expected in vehicle Electrical/Electronic Systems today. These parameters have been defined to allow messages on a Class B communication system to have consistent meaning between manufacturers and over time. The parameter definition consists of two parts, the “PRN”and the “SLOT.”The “PRN”(Parameter Reference Number) is a number used to identify a specific parameter by name, unit of measure, and its associated “SLOT.”The “SLOT”defines the mathematical characteristics of parameters in terms of its representation (Binary, Unsigned Numeric, ASCII, BCD, etc.), its scaling (1 Bit = ), its limits and offsets, and its transfer function.To find a parameter by name or PRN number, Appendices A and B provide cross references to the page of this document where the PRN can be found. The PRN numbers have also been grouped by subsystem to enable the reader to look for parameters if the name is not know.If the parameter has not as yet been included in the list of PRNs, users can define new parameters in terms of the SLOTs which have been defined.6.Parameter Reference Number (PRN) Structure—Parameter Reference Numbers (PRNs) are used tosimplify documentation. They do not, in themselves, have particular significance. PRNs do allow simplification of reference, particularly for diagnostic purposes. To this end, a structure for PRN number assignments has been developed. The structure is described in the following paragraphs.All PRN addresses are two bytes long, with the first byte identifying a grouping or classification reference (refer to Tables 1 and 2). The second byte is then a sequence number pointing to the specific parameter used (refer to Tables 4 through 19). There has not been any attempt made to group or commonize the meaning in the second byte. The specific assignments are found in Section 8. Note that all PRN addresses are listed as hexadecimal numbers throughout this document.SAE J1979 refers to PID numbers which are a single byte reference number. The first 256 PRNs defined here (first byte = 00), are identical with the SAE J1979 definitions.Figure 3 shows the basic structure of PRNs and Tables 1 and 2 show bit assignments and address ranges based on these assignments.FIGURE 3—PRN STRUCTURETABLE 1—PRN GROUPINGS7 6 5System 4 3Subgroup Address (Hex) 0 0 0Powertrain0 0SAE J1979 Compatible0000 - 00FF0 0Reserved0100 - 07FF0 1Reserved0800 - 0FFF1 0Engine1000 - 17FF1 1Transmission1800 - 1FFF 0 0 1Chassis0 0Reserved2000 - 27FF0 1 Brakes/Tires/Wheels2800 - 2FFF1 0Steering3000 - 37FF1 1Suspension3800 - 3FFF 0 1 0Body 10 0Reserved4000 - 47FF0 1Reserved4800 - 4FFF1 0Reserved5000 - 57FF1 1Restraints5800 - 5FFF 0 1 1Body 20 0Driver Info.6000 - 67FF0 1Reserved6800 - 6FFF1 0Lighting7000 - 77FF1 1Reserved7800 - 7FFF 1 0 0Body 30 0Audio8000 - 87FF0 1Reserved8800 - 8FFF1 0Pers. Comm.9000 - 97FF1 1HVAC9800 - 9FFF 101Boyd 40 0Convenience A000 - A7FF0 1Reserved A800 - AFFF1 0Reserved B000 - B7FF1 1Reserved B800 - BFFF 1 1 0Other 10 0Security C000 - C7FF0 1EV-ETS C800 - CFFF1 0Reserved D000 - D7FF1 1Reserved D800 - DFFF 1 1 1Other 20 0Config. Codes E000 - E7FF0 1Reserved E800 - EFFF1 0Tester/Diag.F000 - F7FF1 1Miscellaneous F800 - FFFFTABLE 2—PRN RANGESSystem Subgroup Address Map SizePowertrain SAE J1979 Compatible0000 - 00FF0.25 KReserved0100 - 0FFF 3.75 KEngine1000 - 17FF 2.00 KTransmission1800 - 1FFF 2.00 KChassis Reserved2000 - 27FF 2.00 KBrakes/Tires/Wheels2800 - 2FFF 2.00 KSteering3000 - 37FF 2.00 KSuspension3800 - 3FFF 2.00 KBody 1Reserved4000 - 57FF 6.00 KRestraints5800 - 5FFF 2.00 KBody 2Driver Information6000 - 67FF 2.00 KReserved6800 - 6FFF 2.00 KLighting7000 - 77FF 2.00 KReserved7800 - 7FFF 2.00 KBody 3Audio8000 - 87FF 2.00 KReserved8800 - 8FFF 2.00 KPersonal Communications9000 - 97FF 2.00 KHVAC9800 - 9FFF 2.00 KBody 4Convenience A000 - A7FF 2.00 KReserved A800 - BFFF 6.00 KOther 1Security C000 - C7FF 2.00 KEV-ETS C800 - CFFF 2.00 KReserved D000 - DFFF 4.00 KOther 2Configuration Codes E000 - E7FF 2.00 KReserved E800 - EFFF 2.00 KTester/Diagnostics F000 - F7FF 2.00 KMiscellaneous F800 - FFFF 2.00 K7.Parameter Formats—Parameter values are represented in bit, byte, word, and multi-byte forms. The lengthof the parameter is uniquely associated with the message header and any included secondary ID field. These parameter definitions are referenced by one or more messages. The parameters allow a wide variety of variables, data definitions, and representations to provide the ability to use this definition for all messages, even when the industry standard messages are not useful for particular applications.7.1Bit Mapped Parameters—The bit mapped parameters, that is, those which have only two logical values (forexample: True/False), are handled in one of two ways. The “Q”bit described in Section 8 of SAE J2178-1 is used if there is only one bit of information. In many cases, however, the bit values are associated together and form byte groupings, generally around common functional characteristics. Bit mapped data are transmitted either with or without corresponding mask bytes as described as follows:7.1.1B IT M APPED D ATA W ITHOUT M ASK B YTE(S)—In some cases, such as configuration identification, there isinformation which can be grouped as binary bits which represent whether, for example, a function or test is supported in a system. This form does not allow the bits to be supplied from different nodes in the network.If the bits potentially come from more than one node, the form with mask bytes described in 7.1.2, is used.The general form of the bit data bytes without mask is shown in Figure 4.FIGURE 4—FORMAT FOR BIT DATA WITHOUT MASKFor these bit data cases, the bit names (that is: items) are somewhat different to emphasize the difference in format. These numbers are shown in Figure 5. If there is more than one byte of this form, the item numbers are incremented by one, sequentially, beginning at one from the MSB of the first byte.FIGURE 5—BITS WITHOUT MASK BYTEFor definition purposes, it is also possible to describe a single or multiple bit group which is smaller than a byte but which is combined into a byte or multiple bytes when the complete message is defined. This is a convenience used in this document to define some parameters. This definition notation applies equally to byte(s) with or without masks.7.1.2B IT M APPED D ATA W ITH M ASK B YTE(S)—For bit mapped data value groups that may come from severalnodes or may not be valid for an application, a special format has been defined. Figures 6 and 7 show the data byte formats used. The data format allows two options in the number of bits in group; 8 or 16. Since the defined bits for such groupings may not always come from a single network node, the format includes mask bytes indicating if an individual bit is valid for this message or if it should be ignored. The mask bytes map directly to the data bits with which they are associated. Figures 8 and 9 show how these bits are mapped within each byte. Table 3 shows the bit value for the mask bits.FIGURE 6—FORMAT FOR 8-BIT DATA WITH MASKFIGURE 7—FORMAT FOR 16-BIT DATA WITH MASKFIGURE 8—BIT MAPPED DATA BYTEFIGURE 9—BIT MAPPED MASK BYTE7.1.3B IT V ALUES —The general form of binary data is that 1 = true and 0 = false. One bit can carry a wide variety of interpretations, depending on the subject that it describes.7.2Byte (8 Bit) Parameters—Data parameters which can be expressed in 8 bits or less are expressed in a byte format. Byte parameters are the most common format. Figure 10 shows this format.FIGURE 10—BYTE PARAMETERS7.3Word (16 Bit) Parameters—Data parameters which can be expressed in 9 to 16 bits are expressed in word format with the most significant byte transmitted first (high byte/low byte). Figure 11 shows this format.FIGURE 11—WORD PARAMETERSTABLE 3—MASK BIT ASSIGNMENTMask BitBit Mapped Masking0Not a Valid Bit 1Valid Bit7.4Multi-Byte (>16 Bit) Parameters—Data parameters which can be expressed in more than 16 bits areexpressed in multi-byte format with the most significant byte transmitted first (highest byte /.../ lowest byte).Figure 12 shows this format.FIGURE 12—MULTI-BYTE PARAMETERS7.5Multiple Parameter Packets—It is often useful to group parameters together into a packet to increase theinformation density of messages. For example, sending a fluid level and maximum capacity value in the same message, or a packet of single bit(s) or multiple bit definitions that may be smaller than a full byte, can be combined in this way. Parameter packets will be defined in this document in the same way as any other parameter, having a packet PRN number and SLOT reference assignment. If bit mapped parameters are included in a packet, the bit mapped byte(s) and the associated mask byte(s) are grouped together as a set representing a parameter. Thus, the data bytes and mask bytes for each parameter are together within the packet. Note that packets may be made of other packets, but each will be uniquely defined by combining each sub-part into a message. Figure 13 shows the general form of a parameter packet.FIGURE 13—MULTIPLE PARAMETER PACKETSA few examples, such as some of the SAE J1979 PRN definitions in Section 8 will make this format clear.8.Specific Parameter (PRN) Assignments—This section defines industry standard parameters used inmessages found in parts 3 and 4. These parameters have been listed in random order based on when they were defined. Note that any PRN address in the SAE range that is not currently defined is reserved for SAE use. Cross references are provided in Appendices A and B of this part of SAE J2178 to assist the reader in finding the specific definition for each parameter.8.1Specific Parameters—The following definitions include the Parameter Reference Number (PRN), parametername, units of measure, and associated SLOT number. The SLOT number is a reference to the Scaling, Limit, Offset, and Transfer function (SLOT) definition found in Section 9. The SLOT reference numbers have a format of: F-N-#, where F is a three letter mnemonic indicating the format code type (see Section 9), N is the number of bits in the parameter, and # is the sequence number for that type of SLOT. There is no relationship between sequence numbers for different format codes or number of bytes. Notes that the sequence number is randomly assigned. Decimal sequence numbers of 1000 and above are available for manufacturers to assign.All SAE assigned sequence numbers will be in the range from 1 to 999 exclusively and are not to be used by manufacturers. The sequence number ZERO (0) has the special purpose of a fill sequence which is used in packet definitions. The ZERO sequence number is all zeros, for the number of bits specified. The Parameter Reference Numbers (PRNs) are the index reference used by the message definitions found in SAE J2178-3 and J2178-4. The specific parameters are grouped as follows:Table 4SAE J1979 Compatible PRN/PID AssignmentsTable 5Engine PRN AssignmentsTable 6Transmission PRN AssignmentsTable 7Brakes/Tires/Wheels PRN AssignmentsTable 8Steering PRN AssignmentsTable 9Suspension PRN AssignmentsTable 10Restraints PRN AssignmentsTable 11Driver Information PRN AssignmentsTable 12Lighting PRN AssignmentsTable 13Audio PRN AssignmentsTable 14Personal Communication PRN AssignmentsTable 15HVAC PRN AssignmentsTable 16Convenience PRN AssignmentsTable 17Security PRN AssignmentsTable 18Electric Vehicle Energy Transfer SystemTable 19Configuration Codes PRN AssignmentsTable 20Tester/Diagnostics PRN AssignmentsTable 21Miscellaneous PRN AssignmentsTABLE 4—SAE J1979 COMPATIBLE PRN ASSIGNMENTS(PRNS 0000 - 00FF)PRN Parameter Name Resolution(1 Bit =)Units of MeasureSLOT #(F-N-#)0000PIDs Supported (01h - 20h)—Bit Mapped BMP-32-1 0001Number of Emission-Related TroubleCodes and MIL Status—Packeted PKT-32-10002Trouble Code that Caused FreezeFrame Storage—Packeted PKT-16-1 0003Fuel System Status—Packeted PKT-16-2 0004Calculated Load Value100/255% Full Load UNM-08-61 0005Engine Coolant Temperature1Degrees Centigrade UNM-08-102 0006Short Term Fuel Trim - Bank 1100/128% Enrichment UNM-08-92 0007Long Term Fuel Trim - Bank 1100/128% Enrichment UNM-08-92 0008Short Term Fuel Trim - Bank 2100/128% Enrichment UNM-08-92 0009Long Term Fuel Trim - Bank 2100/128% Enrichment UNM-08-92 000A Fuel Pressure (Gage)3kPaG UNM-08-131 000B Intake Manifold Absolute Pressure1kPaA UNM-08-101 000C Engine RPM - High Resolution1/4RPM UNM-16-31 000D Vehicle Speed - Low Resolution -Metric1KPH UNM-08-101 000E Ignition Timing Advance (#1)1/2Degrees before TDC UNM-08-72 000F Intake Air Temperature1Degrees Centrigrade UNM-08-102 0010Air Flow Rate from MAF1/100gm/sec UNM-16-11 0011Absolute Throttle #1 Position100/255% Full Throttle UNM-08-61 0012Commanded Secondary Air—Bit Mapped BMP-08-5 0013Oxygen Sensor Location—Bit Mapped BMP-08-6 0014Oxygen Sensor - BANK 1 - Sensor 1—Packeted PKT-16-3 0015Oxygen Sensor - BANK 1 - Sensor 2—Packeted PKT-16-3 0016Oxygen Sensor - BANK 1 - Sensor 3—Packeted PKT-16-3 0017Oxygen Sensor - BANK 1 - Sensor 4—Packeted PKT-16-3 0018Oxygen Sensor - BANK 2 - Sensor 1—Packeted PKT-16-3 0019Oxygen Sensor - BANK 2 - Sensor 2—Packeted PKT-16-3。

幼儿教育之数字圆点卡的运用

幼儿教育之数字圆点卡的运用【教学环境】1、安静、不受杂音及人们进出干扰的空间2、空旷无其它视觉干扰的空间3、教导者不要穿花衣服，也不要头饰花俏【态度和方法】学习是生命中最大的探险，是重要且无可避免的活动，也是有趣及最刺激的游戏，但绝对不是工作，不应该有丝毫的勉强。

父母和孩子都应该以最愉快的态度学习数学，激发孩子学习的欲望和潜力。

你必须铭记在心的安全守则是：如果你或孩子觉得不好玩，必须立刻停止。

【教导时机】母和孩子都必须有愉快的心情。

如果孩子感到烦躁、疲倦或饥饿时，应该先处理孩子的需要。

如果父母的情绪不佳，必须先自我调适，才能愉快地教导宝宝，否则宁可整天都不让孩子玩认字的游戏。

快乐学习效果会更好。

【练习时间】每次练习的时间不能太长，刚开始时，原则上是一天三次，每一次只进行几秒钟。

并且要在孩子意犹未尽时结束，如此才能刺激孩子继续学习的欲望【教学准则】1. 尽早开始。

2. 尊重孩子。

3. 在你和宝宝都很愉快时才教。

4. 在孩子意犹未尽时停止。

5. 看卡片的速度要快。

6. 时常加入新的卡片。

7. 持之以恒。

8. 事先准备卡片。

9. 宝宝觉得不好玩立刻停止。

【教学方法】1、老师的教学热忱会激发孩子学习的兴趣，提高学习的效果2、练习速度越快、新教材越多、心情越愉快、效果越好3、每天坚持不断的练习，胜过好高鹜远却断断续续4、用心教导孩子，但不要考试，考试会降低孩子学习的意愿，切记！可以提供解题的机会取代考试。

如拿出二张卡片给宝宝看，分别是15及32点，然后微笑的问宝宝那一张是32，若宝宝选对了妈妈当然开心，如果选错了你直接可以告诉宝宝这是15这是32，不要说他错了之类的话。

【准备教具的方法】第一部份的教材为点卡，使用28公分*28公分的正方形白色厚硬纸板，计101张，分别包括0~100的数量点。

每一张卡片分别贴上一到一百个直径约1.9公分(3/4英吋)的红色圆点，共需5050个自黏圆点。

不要把圆点贴成几何图形，从中间开始，以不规则的方式贴上圆点，不要互相重叠。

700-899数字谐音编码

700希拉里701千里眼702七龙珠703祥林嫂704洗脸水705棋灵王706向东流〔恰似一江春水向东流〕707心连心708雪莲花709青辣椒710吸引力711喜洋洋712小燕子713萧远山714吸烟室715洗衣服716洗冤录717小提琴718雪米饼719洗衣机720巧克力721修正液722仙人掌723萧子升〔左，右萧子升〕724性知识725夏紫薇〔还珠格格〕726写字楼727西门庆728西门豹729青稞酒730下三滥〔731小732汽车人733嘻唰唰734驯兽师735学生服736辛酸泪737七伤拳738秦叔宝739洗手间740夏士莲741新视野742绣十字743徐世昌744吸水石745潜水服746启示录〔圣经启示录〕747潜水器748汽水瓶749丘处机750小五郎〔毛利小五郎〕751驱蚊液752小丸子753响尾蛇754修复师755雪娃娃756西葫芦757驱蚊器758翘尾巴759显微镜760小萝莉761写轮眼762禽流感763俏罗成〔寒面银枪俏罗成〕764青霉素765情侣服766相对论767小飞侠〔科比〕768牵牛花769起落架770西西里771星象仪772裘千仞773钱学森774休息室775星期五〔鲁滨逊漂流记中人物〕776熊庆来777下象棋778跷跷板779西厢记780小白脸781擤鼻涕782掐脖子783薛宝钗784乔布斯785小白兔786下坡路787铅笔芯788细胞壁789橡皮筋790全家桶791修脚刀792丘吉尔793拳击手794洗脚水795全家福796橡胶轮797清洁球798 799小九九800法拉利801白鲢鱼802玻璃砖803暴龙兽804比例尺805拨浪鼓806便利贴807玻璃球808白龙马809咖喱鸡810白玉兰811避孕药812捕鱼人813百叶窗814打油诗815不倒翁816柏油路817皮影戏818哈密瓜819培养基820扑克脸821八爪鱼822百日咳823盘中餐824马克思825达尔文826花泽类〔流星花园男2号〕827达芬奇828百合花829打字机830蒲松龄831鲍叔牙832必胜客833白衬衫834变身术〔鸣人色诱之术〕835爬山虎836花生露837变声器838披萨饼839潘长江840盘丝洞841波斯猫842白素贞843贝斯手844喷水池845白丝袜846卡式炉847捕鼠器848打水漂849白世镜〔天龙八部中人物〕850花木兰851百度云852贝多芬853白无常854苹果树855澎湖湾856备忘录857蝙蝠侠858保温杯859毕福剑860布罗利〔龙珠剧场版中人物〕861达鲁伊862布莱曼〔莎拉·布莱曼〕863冰绿茶864比鲁斯〔破坏神〕865芭蕾舞866不归路867百会穴〔武侠中百会穴被点，人会晕厥〕868漂流瓶869白鹿精870冰淇淋871白枪鱼872八仙桌873棒球衫874保险丝875八贤王876 877保险箱878滑雪板879普希金880泡泡龙881枇杷叶882八宝粥883碰碰车884帮宝适〔宝宝纸尿裤〕885弼马温886拿破仑887乒乓球888乒乓板889背背佳890潘金莲891步惊云892麻将桌893芭蕉扇894绊脚石895啤酒肚896花溅泪〔感时花溅泪〕897北极熊898贝吉塔899马加爵。

点、点、点

点、点、点
作者：安野光雅
来源：《数学大王·中高年级》2014年第10期
两个小矮人正在使用缝纫机。

一针接一针，笃笃笃地缝出了一个一个小针脚，许许多多的小针脚连起来，看上去就像一条线。

邮票边缘上的连接线，也是一个个小小的点，正因为排在一起，连成了一条线，我们才可以很容易地用手撕开。

许许多多搬运饼干的蚂蚁们，排成了长长的队。

远远看起来，就像一条线。

下边是用白纸条和黑纸条编成的图案，编的是《伊索寓言》中的狐狸。

这样的图案并不是全部以小点点构成，有些布上的图案就是用这样的方式织出来的。

那么，能不能把小点点排列起来，组成一幅画呢？
仔细看看上面这幅画，就能发现它是由许多小圆点组成的。

可是，稍微远一点儿再看，会发现上面有一个图案，很奇妙吧。