陕西省宝鸡市宝鸡中学2020届高三英语上学期模拟考试试题(一)(B卷)

陕西省宝鸡市宝鸡中学2020届高三英语上学期模拟考试试题（一）（B卷）本试卷共150分，共10页，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

写在本试卷及草稿纸上的答案无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the man doing?A. Buying a house.B. Selling a house.C. Renting a house.2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At an airport.B. In a canteen.C. In an office.3. What will the man do?A. Study in the library.B. Have the next exam.C. Return some books.4. What does the man want to change about the coat?A. Its style.B. Its color.C. Its quality.5. What does the woman mean?A. The man is just a baby.B. The man should go to the dentist's.C. She'll help cure the man's toothache.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. What happened to the woman?A. She was beaten in a table tennis game.B. She was in a good mood.C. She had to train for a table tennis game.7. What does the man think of the woman's failure?A. It's awful.B. It's no big deal.C. It's natural.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. Why does the man apologize?A. Because he misunderstood the woman.B. Because he lost control of his voice.C. Because he shouted at the woman in public.9. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Work over the night.B. Have a good rest.C. Get more work.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Brother and sister.B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.11. What are the speakers talking about?A. Taking down the Christmas tree.B. Buying Christmas presents.C. Celebrating Christmas.12. What does the woman think of the last Christmas?A. Just so-so.B. Unforgettable.C. Noisy.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Where does the woman come from?A. Japan.B. 82nd Street.C. New York.14. How long has the woman stayed in New York?A. For 3 days.B. For 3 weeks.C. For 3 months.15. How often do the buses run?A. Every 5 minutes.B. Every 8 minutes.C. Every 15 minutes.16. What makes the woman confused?A. The bus lines.B. The New Yorkers.C. The way people talk.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Why was Mrs. White arrested yesterday?A. She was suspected of stealing a card.B. She stole some shopping bags.C. She lost her credit card.18. Who followed Mrs. White?A. A customer.B. The cashier.C. The store manager.19. How long was Mrs. White put in a small room before the police came?A. 20 minutes.B. 15 minutes.C. 25 minutes.20. What did Mrs. White's lawyer ask the store to send?A. Some money.B. An apology.C. A special discount.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ALook into hunters' eyesHAVE you ever been face to face with a cat or a sheep? If you have, you probably noticed that cats narrow their eyes to vertical(垂直) slits(狭缝), while sheep have horizontal pupils(瞳孔).Why is the difference?Scientists from the Universities of California, Berkeley and Durham in Britain may have the answer. Their research, published recently in the journal Science Advances, suggested that pupils' shapes could tell whether an animal is a hunter or gets hunted.The researchers took a close look at the eyes of 214 land animals. The challenge was to see if they could find a relationship between an animal's role in the food chain and the pupils' shapes.They found a pattern. Species with pupils that are vertical slits are more likely to be small ambush predators(伏击捕食者)--creatures that lie in wait for their lunch. In contrast, those with horizontal pupils are more likely to be plant-eating prey(猎食；被捕食者) species.Evolution chose the arrangement for a good reason. For hunters such as household cats, it appears that vertical pupils not only improve their ability to keep track of moving objects like mice, but also maximize their ability to judge the distances of the animals they hunt.However, an interesting discovery from the study is that the slit pupils are mostly linked to hunters that are close to the ground. Therefore, bigger cats who actively hunt down their prey, like tigers and lions, don't have slit pupils. On the other hand, for plant-eating prey animals, horizontal pupils give them a wider field of vision. When stretched horizontally, the pupils allow for more light to enter from the front, back, and sides. Meanwhile, they also limit the amount of light from the sun above so the animal can see the ground better. "Once they do detect a predator, they need to see where they are running," said leading researcher Martin Banks, a UC Berkeley professorof optometry(视光学). "They have to see well enough out of the corner of their eyes to run quickly and jump over things."But what happens when they bend down to eat? Researchers checked this by watching prey animals in the Oakland Zoo in California, US. They confirmed that when goats lower their heads to eat, their eyes rotate to keep their pupils horizontal.So it seems that the eyes are indeed the window to the soul!21. What is the article mainly about?A. How animals keep track of moving objects.B. Why animals have evolved with different shaped pupils.C. How animals change their pupils' shape when hunting for food.D. How the pupils' shape influences an animal's ability to detect a predator.22. According to the study, slit pupilsA. help to provide a wider field of vision.B. provide the sharpest way to judge hunting distance.C. are more likely to belong to those to get hunted.D. are more likely to belong to big predators.23. What can we conclude from the article about plant-eating prey animals?A. Their pupils allow more light to be received from both above and below.B. When they lower their heads to eat, they narrow their eyes to vertical slits.C. Once they detect a predator, their eyes rotate to help them find where to run.D. Their pupils are able to help them scan their surroundings for threats.BOne afternoon, after finishing shopping in a supermarket, my family and I went to the check-out. I suddenly thought we didn't need any of the junk, and we abandoned all of those, saving $300.That got me thinking about all our pointless expenses in life. With a promise that we'd stop if it was killing us, I convinced the family to take the leap into frugality(节俭). The rules were that we would buy nothing for 30 days except absolutely essentials.Our adventure began with a great start. By 9 a.m., my wife, Ruth, had already made cakes from old strawberries and picked flowers I didn't even know we had in the garden. I cleared the car by hand for the first time for years. I read and returned the neighbor's newspaper before he woke up. Total spendingon the first day: $0.As days turned into weeks, we became so proficient(熟练的) at living frugally. We started riding our bikes to save gas. My child's finger painting was recycled as gift wrap for the home-made presents. We started to use an Internet application like Skype for free phone calls and ask neighbors with gardens for extra vegetables and herbs.In the end, we saved more than $2000 by not spending for a month. When we began, I imagined we would rush out the moment we were done and buy a lot of things in the supermarket. Then maybe hit the mall or go to the movies.24. We can infer from the passage that before that very afternoon, the familyA. had had higher income and living standard.B. hadn't expected they would have financial problems.C. had often spent money without thinking much.D. had adopted an advisable habit of saving money.25. How many things were mentioned about what the family did to save on the first day of the "30 days"?A. Two.B. Five.C. Four.D. Three.26. The end of the story suggests that the familyA. stopped halfway because of unexpected things.B. could barely put up with the life of frugality.C. would return to normal after the "30 days".D. succeeded in saving and changed their spending habit.27. This passage is mainly aboutA. how a new idea came up.B. a family's no-buying try.C. a family's way of solving life problems.D. how a family managed their daily life.CA recent study has found that the risk of dementia(痴呆) can increase if people live near a main road. According to the research, waste gas and noise from a busy road lead to one in ten dementia deaths of the 6.6 million patients investigated.Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions, while previous research showed emissions(排放物) can cause brain shrinkage. But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia, adiscovery described as "believable" and "impressive" by British experts. Dr. Hong Chen said: "Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia. Population growth and urbanization have placed many people close to heavy traffic, and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden. More research to understanding this link is needed, particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic, such as air pollutants and noise."In the new study, the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2020. They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia, Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化).While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis, dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road, with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4 percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres. After 200 metres there was no increase. Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also playa role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution, which is often present near busy roads.28. What can we know about Canadian's new study?A. British experts think highly of it.B. It shows that air pollution is very serious.C. It brings benefits to dementia patients.D. It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.29. What Dr. Hong Chen said showed thatA. people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollution.B. widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementia.C. the link between living near roads and having dementia was not obvious.D. busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase.30. What does the underlined the word "correlation" mean?A. Change.B. Improvement.C. Association.D.Secret.31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Living within 200 metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia.B. Living beyond 300 metres of a main road is safe for people.C. Living near a main road adds to the risk of noise of traffic.D. The further people live away from heavy traffic, the smaller the risk of having dementia.DA good joke can be the hardest thing to understand when studying a foreign language. As a recent article in The Guardian newspaper noted, "There's more to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar."Being able to understand local jokes is often seen as an incredible ice-breaker for a language learner eager to form friendships with native speakers. "I always felt that humor was a ceiling that I could never break through," Hannah Ashley, a public relations account manager in London, who once studied Spanish in Madrid, told The Guardian, "I could never speak to people on the same level as I would speak to a native English speaker. I almost came across as quite a boring person because all I couldtalk about was facts."In fact, most of the time, jokes are only funny for people who share a cultural background or understand humor in the same way. Chinese-American comedian Joe Wong found this out firsthand. He had achieved huge success in the US, but when he returned to China in 2020 for his first live show in Beijing, he discovered that people didn't think his Chinese jokes were as funny as his English ones.In Australia, meanwhile many foreigners find understanding jokes about sports to be the biggest headache. "The hardest jokes are related to rugby because I know nothing about rugby," said Melody Cao, who was once a student in Australia. "When I heard jokes I didn't get, I just laughed along." In the other two major English-speaking countries, the sense of humor is also different. British comedian Simon Pegg believes that while Britons use irony--basically, saying something they don't mean to make a joke--every day, people in the US don't see the point of using it so often. "British jokes tend to be more subtle and dark, while American jokes are more obvious with their meanings, a bit like, Americans themselves, " he wrote in The Guardian.32. The writer quoted the sentence, "There's more to understanding a joke in a foreign language than understanding vocabulary and grammar." toshow thatA. understanding jokes requires a good knowledge of vocabulary and grammar.B. local jokes can help you to understand the local culture better.C. making jokes can help you make friends with native speakers.D. to understand its jokes, you'd better learn the culture.33. What can we guess about Hannah Ashley?A. She thinks that Spanish people do not have much of a sense of humor.B. She believes that one had better rely on facts when speaking a foreign language.C. She feels confident in using Spanish.D. She feels that not being able to share their humor makes her seem boring to Spanish people.34. Joe Wong is used as an example toA. suggest that bilingual people have no problems in making people laugh.B. prove that it can be difficult to translate jokes.C. show that there are cultural differences in humor.D. show that the expressing ability affects the sense of humor.35. From the article, we can learn thatA. not all English native speakers can understand English jokes easily.B. Americans might not be able to enjoy British jokes.C. jokes about sports are the most difficult ones for foreign people.D. British people's dark jokes often make people uncomfortable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。