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上外面试综合卷

上外面试综合卷

综合卷:1.第一个获得菲尔兹奖的华人是谁?华罗庚,陈景润,邱成桐2.给几条线路,问上外到家的最短的路径所需时间51,52,53,54,553.简便计算:*138+*864.几何题,求阴影部分面积5.文房四宝中的湖笔的产地?6.下面的漫画的作者(画中文字部分都被裁剪掉了)7.火鸡的原产地是中国什么地方刘禹锡还是韩愈写过咏火鸡的诗为什么中国人不喜欢吃而外国人喜欢吃火鸡?8.诗圣、诗仙、诗鬼各是谁?9.阅读下面一段文字:(根据回忆从网上找到,原来是位小学生的作品)小白兔很想知道太阳光是什么颜色的,所以他天天看太阳光是什么颜色的。

小白兔去问小鸟。

小鸟热情地说:“太阳照在树叶上,树叶绿油油的,太阳光是绿色的。

”他又去问小蜜蜂。

小蜜蜂边飞边说:“太阳照在花朵上,花朵红艳艳的,太阳光是红色的。

”他又去问小青蛙。

小青蛙笑嘻嘻地说:“太阳照在稻穗上,稻穗金灿灿的,太阳光是黄色的。

”小白兔想:“小鸟说太阳光是绿色的,小蜜蜂说太阳光是红色的,小青蛙说太阳光是黄色的……他们说的都是自己喜爱的颜色。

那么,太阳光到底是什么颜色呢”小白兔想啊想……他整整想了三个晴天。

第四天,下了一场倾盆大雨,雨过天晴,天边出现了一道美丽的彩虹。

“对!我去问彩虹,她住在天上,一定会知道。

”小白兔跑去仰起头大声问,“彩虹阿姨,您知道太阳光是什么颜色的吗”彩虹亲切的说:“小白兔,你先数一数我身上的颜色有几样吧!”小白兔认真地数起来:“红、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫。

啊!一共七种颜色。

”彩虹阿姨说:“对啦!我身上的七种颜色就是太阳公公给的。

”小白兔快活地说:“我明白了。

原来,太阳光是由七种颜色组成的。

谢谢您,彩虹阿姨!”说完,小白兔蹦蹦跳跳地回家了。

他又一蹦一跳地到象伯伯家,跟象伯伯说:“象伯伯,我终于知道为什么太阳光有很多学问了。

”a. 有感情朗读b. 说出与红艳艳类似的带红的词语c. 小鸟/小蜜蜂/小青蛙的行为可以用哪个成语来描述:盲人摸象,叶公好龙,南辕北辙英语部分:1 快听快答:a. Can you tell me the way to Shanghai Museum If I can take the Metro, which line can I take?b. There are many ways to make an advertisement, like in newspaper. Can you give 3 more examples?c. If you need 6 minutes to boil an egg, how long do you need to boil 3 eggsd. 一堆数字运算2.模仿a. 单词b. 单词c. 句子3.听力关于Computer的文章一段(根据回忆的关键词找到这段与听到的内容基本相符)The computer is a machine that works very fast It can add numbers much faster than a person can, It can remember better than a person. It can do many other things. At school a computer can do maths. It can help boys and girls read, write and spell. It can remember the names of all the students in the school. Computer can help people drive cars and fly planes. A spaceship needs many computers. Telephones and televisions use computers, too. Some computers, called fax machines, can send letters. The letters travel very fast. A computer can remember what is in a store. It knows all the prices. It tells you how much to pay. It gives you change. Computers can play games, too .A computer named Big Blue is very good at playing chess. It beat the best chess player in the world. Computers are changing the way we live. Many people think that in the future computers will be used in lots and lots of everyday life.a. Which of the following is the meaning of the text?Computer can make human life betterb. Which of 3 following is mentioned in the text?四个去掉一个Spaceship needn’t any computer.4. 阅读一篇有四段的文章大意:Dick is a doctor in USA, he w—填词---- 60 hours a week, he has to take care of 150 patients a week……He has his own TV show, he always sings a song and give some medical advises at the beginning of the show. Then he sings some other songs.Dick’s favorite song is lo ve song, he has a CD of love song, which is wrote by himself. But his father didn’t want him to be a s—填词----- when he was a Child, so he has to go to medical school. Dick says that medicine and m—填词----- both have been used to make people happier……..根据大意,搜到根据以下文字改编2002 年江苏省中考阅读题B. The Singing DoctorNick Petrella is a doctor in Montreal. He works 60 hours a week. He takes care of 159 patients a week in the hospital and at his office. He’s been a doctor for ten years.Dr. Petrella gives his patients good medical advice. But he doesn’t just tell his patients what to do. He also sings to them on television! Dr. Petrella has his own TV show. The show is in Italian, English and French. The doctor starts the show with a song and then gives medical advice. He explains a medical problem or disease in simple language. After that, he sings another song.Dr. Petrella produces and performs in his own show every week. The program is very popular with his patients and with people who enjoy his singing. His dream is to perform(表演)in Las Vegas. His favorite songs are love songs, and he has a compact disk of love songs that he wrote. Dr. Petrella says, “I always loved to sing. All my problems are gone when I sing.” But when Dr. Petrella was young, his father didn’t want him to be a singer, So he went to medical school.Some people tell Dr. Petrella he can help people more as a doctor. But Dr. Petrella says he helps people when he sings, too. “I like to make people smile. Sometimes it’s difficult to make a sick person smile. Medicine and entertainment(娱乐)both try to do the same thing. They try to make people feel good.”a. 概括第3/4段的大意;b. 问题1.How many patients did Dick have to take care of in a week?2. What will Dick do at the beginning of the show?3. 一个句子He explains a medical problem or disease in simple language,应该插在文章中那里?5.漫画(主题似乎源于ET外星人电影)第一幅:一个人在花园里走,来了一只飞碟第二幅:从飞碟了走出一个奇怪的外星人第三幅:这个人给了外星人很多好吃的第四幅:大问号,根据漫画遍一段话提示词:strange man, land, spaceship, friendly。

上外考研英语真题

上外考研英语真题

上外考研英语真题作文IntroductionIn recent years, the examination for postgraduate studies in English at Shanghai International Studies University (SISU) has become increasingly competitive. Many students strive to pass the exam, known as the "SISU examination," in order to pursue their academic dreams. This article aims to delve into the characteristics of the SISU English postgraduate entrance exam and provide some tips for success.Section 1: Overview of the SISU English Postgraduate Entrance ExamThe SISU English postgraduate entrance exam is renowned for its rigorousness and comprehensive content. It consists of four sections: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, translation, and essay writing. Each section requires candidates to demonstrate their English proficiency and analytical skills.Section 2: Strategies for Listening ComprehensionListening comprehension is a challenging section for many test-takers. To improve scores in this section, candidates can employ the following strategies:1. Familiarize yourself with various English accents and practice listening to different recordings.2. Focus on understanding the main idea rather than individual details.3. Take notes while listening to help retain information and facilitate answering questions.4. Practice timed mock tests to enhance speed and accuracy.Section 3: Approaches for Reading ComprehensionReading comprehension tests the ability to comprehend and analyze written passages. Here are some approaches candidates can use to improve their performance in this section:1. Skim the passage first to get a general understanding of the topic and main points.2. Pay attention to keywords and their synonyms or antonyms.3. Make use of context clues to deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words.4. Practice summarizing and paraphrasing the main ideas of the passages.Section 4: Key Tips for TranslationThe translation section assesses candidates' ability to transfer meaning accurately between English and Chinese. To excel in this section, consider the following suggestions:1. Enhance vocabulary and grammar skills in both languages.2. Pay attention to the context and register of the original text in order to choose appropriate equivalents.3. Practice translating various types of texts, such as formal documents, news articles, and literary works.4. Review common translation errors and learn from them to avoid making similar mistakes.Section 5: Techniques for Essay WritingThe essay writing section evaluates candidates' ability to express opinions and arguments in English. To excel in this section, consider the following techniques:1. Practice different types of academic writing, such as argumentative essays, descriptive essays, and persuasive essays.2. Develop a clear and logical structure for your essay, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.3. Use appropriate vocabulary and grammar to convey your ideas effectively.4. Revise and proofread your essay to correct any spelling or grammatical errors.ConclusionThe SISU English postgraduate entrance exam is challenging but not insurmountable. By understanding the exam structure and employing effective strategies, test-takers can enhance their performance and increase their chances of success. Remember to practice regularly, seek feedback, and stay confident throughout the preparation process. Good luck to all aspiring candidates!。

上外德语考研真题

上外德语考研真题

上外德语考研真题德语考研对于许多学习德语的人来说是一个重要的里程碑。

上外德语考研是指上海外国语大学的德语专业考研,该专业以其优质的教学和严格的考核而闻名。

本文将介绍一道典型的上外德语考研真题,并对其进行分析和解答。

真题内容:请阅读以下德语短文,然后回答问题。

Einen Kaffee trinkenVom Ambiente bis zur Qualität des Kaffees gibt es viele Gründe, warum Menschen gerne ein Café besuchen. Einige Menschen trinken Kaffee in einem Café, um sich zu entspannen und Freunde zu treffen. Andere hingegen nutzen das Café als Arbeitsort, um konzentriert zu arbeiten.Der Kaffee wird in einer Kaffeemaschine zubereitet, das Wasser erhitzt sich auf 90 bis 96 Grad Celsius und fließt dann durch das Kaffeepulver, das in einem Filter liegt. Es gibt verschiedene Arten von Kaffeebohnen, wie Arabica und Robusta, und auch verschiedene Röstungen, wie hell, mittel und dunkel. Welche Bohnen und Röstungen verwendet werden, hängt von den individuellen Vorlieben des Cafébetreibers ab.Einige Menschen mögen ihren Kaffee schwarz, während andere ihn mit Milch und Zucker bevorzugen. In einem Café hat man oft die Wahl zwischen verschiedenen Kaffeevarianten, wie Espresso, Cappuccino oder Latte Macchiato. Espresso ist ein starker, konzentrierter Kaffee, währendCappuccino aus einem Espresso und aufgeschäumter Milch besteht. Latte Macchiato hingegen besteht aus heißer Milch und einem Schuss Espresso.Wenn man einen Kaffee bestellt, kann man oft auch zwischen verschiedenen Größen wählen, wie klein, mittel oder groß. Die Preise variieren je nach Café und Art des Kaffees. In einigen Cafés kann man auch Kaffee zum Mitnehmen bestellen, der in einem speziellen Becher serviert wird.Fragen:1. Warum besuchen Menschen gerne ein Café?2. Wie wird der Kaffee in einem Café zubereitet?3. Was für verschiedene Arten von Kaffeebohnen gibt es?4. Wie unterscheiden sich Espresso, Cappuccino und Latte Macchiato voneinander?5. Welche Größen kann man oft bei einem Kaffee im Café wählen?解析和答案:1. Menschen besuchen gerne ein Café, um sich zu entspannen, Freunde zu treffen oder konzentriert zu arbeiten.2. Der Kaffee wird in einer Kaffeemaschine zubereitet, das Wasser erhitzt sich auf 90 bis 96 Grad Celsius und fließt dann durch das Kaffeepulver, das in einem Filter liegt.3. Es gibt verschiedene Arten von Kaffeebohnen, wie Arabica und Robusta.4. Espresso ist ein starker, konzentrierter Kaffee. Cappuccino besteht aus einem Espresso und aufgeschäumter Milch. Latte Macchiato besteht ausheißer Milch und einem Schuss Espresso.5. Man kann oft zwischen verschiedenen Größen wählen, wie klein, mittel oder groß.总结:上外德语考研真题提供了一个关于咖啡及咖啡店的短文,并根据文中内容提出了相关问题。

2024-2025学年上外版七年级科学下册阶段测试试卷828

2024-2025学年上外版七年级科学下册阶段测试试卷828

2024-2025学年上外版七年级科学下册阶段测试试卷828考试试卷考试范围:全部知识点;考试时间:120分钟学校:______ 姓名:______ 班级:______ 考号:______总分栏题号一二三四五总分得分评卷人得分一、单选题(共5题,共10分)1、2013年6月11日17时38分,我国“神舟十号”载人飞船发射升空.如图当地球公转到位置④时()A. 大约是6月22日B. 阳光直射赤道C. 南半球为夏季D. 泉州昼长夜短2、在千姿百态的植物中没有根、茎、叶等器官分化的类群是( )A. 藻类植物B. 种子植物C. 苔藓植物D. 蕨类植物3、往保温瓶里灌开水的过程,听声音的变化就能判断壶里水位的高低,因为 ( )A. 随着水位的升高,音调逐渐升高B. 随着水位的升高,音调逐渐降低C. 灌水过程中,音调保持不变,响度越来越大D. 灌水过程中,音调保持不变,响度越来越小4、在画有指向标的平面图上,确定方向的一般方法是()A. 面对地图“上北下南,左西右东”B. 不论什么样的地图,均用经纬线确定C. 根据指向标确定方向D. 经线指示东西方向,纬线指示南北方向5、下列四幅图中的现象,由于光的反射形成的是()A.B.C.D.评卷人得分二、填空题(共9题,共18分)6、①鱼类它们都生活在 ____ 中,用 ____ 呼吸,靠 ____ 运动,身体表面常覆有 ____ 。

②两栖类幼体生活在 ____ 中,有 ____ 无四肢,用 ____ 呼吸。

它的成体生活在____ 上或水中, ____ 尾有四肢,主要用 ____ 呼吸。

③爬行动物一般贴地 ____ ,身体内有 ____ ,体表覆盖着 ____ 或 ____ 。

④鸟类它们的身体呈 ____ ,前肢特化为 ____ ,体表有 ____ ,体温 ____ ,____ 发达,骨骼 ____ 、薄、中空,脑比较 ____ 。

⑤哺乳动物全身被 ____ ,体温 ____ , ____ 生,哺乳。

2012上外MTI真题

2012上外MTI真题

2012上外MTI真题8号考完,9号就来上传了。

加油。

上外的题目基本是考试当年的新闻,文章。

翻译硕士英语总分100分2012年1月7号下午14:00-17:00I. 十五个无选项完形填空,每个2分。

总分30分。

The future of the EUTwo-speed Europe, or two Europes?Nov 10th 2011, 2:23 by Charlemagne | BRUSSELSNICOLAS Sarkozy is causing a big stir after calling on November 8th for a two-speed Europe: a ―federal‖ core of the 17 members of the euro zone, with a looser ―confederal‖ outer band of the ten 1.non-euro members. He made the comments during a debate with students at the University of Strasbourg. The key passage is below (video here, starting near the 63-minute mark) You cannot make a single 2.currency without economic convergence and economic integration. It's impossible. But on the contrary, one cannot plead for federalism and at the same time for the enlargement of Europe. It's impossible. There's a contradiction. We are 27. We will obviously have to open up to the Balkans. We will be 32, 33 or 34. I imagine that nobody thinks that 3.federalism—total integration—is possible at 33, 34, 35 countries.So what one we do? To begin with, frankly, the single currency is a wonderful idea, but it was strange to create it without asking oneself the question of its governance, and without asking oneself about economic convergence. Honestly, it's nice to have a vision, but there are details that are 4.missing: we made a currency, but we kept fiscal systems and economic systems that not only were not 5.converging, but were diverging.And not only did we make a single currency without convergence, but we tried to undo the rules of the pact. It cannot work.There will not be a single currency without greater economic integration and convergence. That is certain. And that is where we are going. Must one have the same rules for the 27? No. Absolutely not [...] In the end, clearly, there will be two European gears: one gear towards more integration in the euro zone and a gear that is more confederal in the European Union.At first blush this is statement of the blindingly obvious. The euro zone must integrate to save itself; even the British say so. And among the ten non-euro states of the EU there are countries such as Britain andDenmark that have no 6.intention of joining the single currency.The European Union is, in a sense, made up not of two but of 7.multiple speeds. Think only of the 25 members of the Schengen passport-free travel zone (excluding Britain but including some non-EU members), or of the 25 states seeking to create a common patent(including Britain, but excluding Italy and Spain).But Mr Sarkozy‘s comments are more worrying because, one suspec ts, he wants to create an exclusivist, protectionist euro zone that seeks to 8.detach itself from the rest of the European Union. Elsewhere in the debate in Strasbourg, for instance, Mr Sarkozy seems to suggest that Europe‘s 9.troubles—debt and high unemployment—are all the 10.fault of social, environmental and monetary ―dumping‖ by developing countries that pursue ―aggressive‖ trade policies.Fo r another11. insight into Mr Sarkozy‘s thinking about Europe, one should listen to an interview he gave a few daysearlier, at the end of the marathon-summitry in Brussels at the end of October (video here, starting at about 54:30):I don't think there is enough economic integration in the euro zone, the 17, and too much integration in the European Union at 27.In other words, France, or Mr Sarkozy at any rate, does not appear to have got over its 12.resentment of the EU‘s enlargement. At 27 nations-strong, the European Union is too big for France to lord it over the rest and is too liberal in economic terms for France‘s protectionist leanings. Hence Mr Sarkozy‘s yearning for a smaller, cosier, ―federalist‖ euro zone.Such ideas appeared to have been killed off by the large eastward 13.enlargement of the EU in 2004, and by the French voters‘ rejection of the EU's new constitution in 2005. But the euro zone‘s debt 14.crisis is reviving these old dreams.But what sort of federalism? Mr Sarkozy probably wants to create a euro zone in France‘s 15.image, with power (and much discretion) concentrated in the hands of leaders, where the ―Merkozy‖ duo (Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy) will dominate. Germany will no doubt want a replica of its own federal system, with strong rules and powerful independent institutions to constrain politicians. Le Monde carries a series of articles (in French) on what a two-speed Europe may mean.If the euro zone survives the crisis—and the meltdown of Italy‘s bonds in the markets suggests that is becoming ever more difficult—it will plainly require deep reform of the EU‘s treaties. Done properly, bykeeping the euro open to countries that want to join (like Poland) and deepening the single market for those that do not (like Britain), the creation of a more flexible EU of variablegeometry could ease many of the existing tensions. Further enlargement need no longer be so neuralgic; further integration need no longer be imposed on those who do not want it.But done wrongly, as one fears Mr Sarkozy would have it, this will be a recipe for breaking up Europe. Not two-speed Europe but two separate Europes.II. 一篇阅读理解,5个问题,总分30分来自经济学人World populationNow we are seven billionPersuading women to have fewer babies would help in some places. But it is no answer to scarce resourcesOct 22nd 2011 | from the print edition..IN 1980 Julian Simon, an economist, and Paul Ehrlich, a biologist, made a bet. Mr Ehrlich, author of a bestselling book, called ―The Population Bomb‖, picked five metals—copper, chromium, nickel, tin and tungsten—and said their prices would rise in real terms over the following ten years. Mr Simon bet that prices would fall. The wager symbolised the dispute between Malthusians who thought a rising population would create an age of scarcity (and high prices) and those ―Cornucopians‖, such as Mr Simon, who thought markets would ensure plenty.Mr Simon won easily. Prices of all five metals fell in real terms. As the world economy boomed and population growth began to ebb in the 1990s, Malthusian pessimism retreated.It is returning. On October 31st the UN will dub a newborn the world‘s 7 billionth living person. The 6 billionth, Adnan Nevic, born in October 1999, will be only two weeks past his 12thbirthday. If Messrs Simon and Ehrlich had ended their bet today, instead of in 1990, Mr Ehrlich would have won. What with high food prices, environmental degradation and faltering green policies, people are again worrying that the world is overcrowded. Some want restrictions to cut population growth and forestall ecological catastrophe. Are they right?Lower fertility can be good for economic growth and society (seearticle). When the number of children a woman can expect to bear in her lifetime falls from high levels of three or more to a stable rate of two, a demographic change surges through the country for at least a generation. Children are scarcer, the elderly are not yet numerous, and the country has a bulge of working-age adults: the ―demographic dividend‖. If a country grabs this one-off chance for productivity gains and investment, economic growth can jump by as much as a third. Less is moreHowever, the fall in fertility is already advanced in most of the world. Over 80% of humanity lives in countries where the fertility rate is either below three and falling, or already two or less. This is thanks not to government limits but to modernisation and individuals‘ desire for small families. Whenever the state has pushed fertility down, the result has been a blight. China‘s one-child policy is a violation of rights and a demographic disaster, upsetting the balance between the sexes and between generations. China has a bulge of working adults now, but will bear a heavy burden of retired people after 2050. It is a lurid example of the dangers of coercion.Enthusiasts for population control say they do not want coercion. They think milder policies would help to save the environment and feed the world. As the World Bank points out,global food production will have to rise by about 70% between now and 2050 to feed 9 billion. But if the population stays flat, food production would have to rise by only a quarter.When Mr Simon won his bet he was able to say that rising population was not a problem: increased demand attracts investment, producing more. But this process only applies to things with a price; not if they are free, as are some of the most important global goods—a healthy atmosphere, fresh water, non-acidic oceans, furry wild animals. Perhaps, then, slower population growth would reduce the pressure on fragile environments and conserve unpriced resources?That idea is especially attractive when other forms of rationing—a carbon tax, water pricing—are struggling. Yet the populations that are rising fastest contribute very little to climate change. The poorest half of the world produces 7% of carbon emissions. The richest 7% produces half the carbon. So the problem lies in countries like China, America and Europe, which all have stable populations. Moderating fertility in Africa might boost the economy or help stressed local environments. But it would not solve global problems.There remains one last reason for supporting family planning: on some estimates, 200m women round the world—including a quarter of African women—want contraceptives and cannot get them. A quarter of pregnancies are unplanned. In our view, parents ought to decide how many children to bring into the world and when—not the state, or a church, or pushy grandparents. Note, though, that this is not an argument about the global environment but individual well-being. Moreover, family planning appears to do little directly to control the size of families: some studies have shown no impact at all; others only amodest extra one. Encouraging smaller families in the highest-fertility places would still be worth doing. It might boost the economy and reduce the pressure of population in some fragile places. But the benefits would probably be modest. And they would be no substitute for other sensible environmental policies, such as a carbon tax.1.what is Malthusian pessimism ?2.what leads to the low fertility in most of the world?3.What does World Bank think about the family planning in China?4.What is Simon's logic about growing population and its benefit environmentally?5. 英文表述有点忘了,好像是关于人口与环境的关系,III. 一篇英文作文400字以上,关于中国的计划生育政策。

上外MTI真题

上外MTI真题

翻译英语基础:第一大题:完型,无选项,无首字母,15空,2分一个,讲得大概是人类祖先并非起源于非洲,而是可能从亚洲迁移而来的.EvolutionInto Africa – the human ancestors from AsiaThe human family tree may not have taken root in Africa after all, claimscientists, after finding that its ancestors may have travelled from Asia.By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent 7:00PM BST 27 Oct 2010While it is widelyaccepted that man evolved in Africa, in fact its immediate predecessors mayhave 1colonised thecontinent after developing elsewhere, the study says.The claims are madeafter a team 2unearthedthe fossils of anthropoids – the primate group that includes humans, apes andmonkeys – in Libya's Dur At-Talah.Paleontologistsfound that 3amongstthe 39 million year old fossils there were three distinct families ofanthropoid primates, all of whom lived in the 4area at approximately the same time.Few or anyanthropoids are known to have existed in Africa during this 5period, known as theEocene epoch.This could eithersuggest a huge gap in Africa's fossil record – 6unlikely, say the scientists, given the amount ofarchaeological work undertaken in the area –7 or that the species "colonised" Africafrom another continent at this time.As the evolutioninto three species would have 8taken extreme lengths of time, combined with the lack of fossilrecords in Africa, the team concludes that Asia was the most likely 9origin.Writing in thejournal Nature, the experts said they believed migration from Asia to be themost 10plausibletheory.Christopher Beard,of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, said: "11If our ideas are correct,this early colonisation of Africa by anthropoids was a truly 12pivotal event — one ofthe key points in our evolutionary history."At the time,Africa was an island continent; when these 13anthropoids appeared, there was nothing on thatisland that could compete with them."It led to aperiod of flourishing evolutionary divergence amongst anthropoids, and one ofthose lineages 14resultedin humans."If our earlyanthropoid ancestors had not succeeded in migrating from Asia to Africa, wesimply 15wouldn'texist."He added:"This extraordinary new fossil site in Libya shows us that in the middleEocene, 39 million years ago, there was a surprising diversity of anthropoidsliving in Africa, whereas few if any anthropoids are known from Africa beforethis time."This suddenappearance of such diversity suggests that these anthropoids probably colonisedAfrica from somewhere else."Withoutearlier fossil evidence in Africa, we're currently looking to Asia as the placewhere these animals first evolved."第二大题:阅读。

上外版英语高考试题与参考答案(2025年)

上外版英语高考试题与参考答案(2025年)

2025年上外版英语高考复习试题与参考答案一、听力第一节(本大题有5小题,每小题1.5分,共7.5分)1、What are the speakers discussing?A)The weather forecast for the next week.B)The importance of studying English.C)The differences between British and American English.Answer: CExplanation: The conversation starts with one speaker mentioning the differences in English pronunciation and grammar between British and American English, which indicates that the correct answer is C, they are discussing the differences between the two forms of English.2、How does the man suggest they can improve their English?A)By watching more English movies.B)By traveling to English-speaking countries.C)By joining an English conversation group.Answer: CExplanation: The man suggests that joining an English conversation group would be a good way to practice speaking, which aligns with option C. The other options, while they could be valid ways to improve English, are not specifically suggested by the man in the conversation.3、A 3、[Recording: A woman says, “Could you please tell me how to get to the nearest subway station?”]A、[答案] A (解析: 女士在询问如何到达最近的地铁站,因此第3题的答案是A。

上外版英语高一上学期试题与参考答案

上外版英语高一上学期试题与参考答案

上外版英语高一上学期自测试题与参考答案一、听力第一节(本大题有5小题,每小题1.5分,共7.5分)1、What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. The importance of sports in school life.B. The upcoming school sports day.C. The benefits of playing outdoor games.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation between the two speakers focuses on the preparations for the upcoming school sports day, indicating that the main topic is the event itself.2、How does the woman respond to the man’s suggestion of going for a walk?A. She agrees and suggests a nearby park.B. She declines and prefers to stay indoors.C. She asks the man to explain the reason for the suggestion.Answer: AExplanation: The woman agrees with the man’s suggestion of going for a walk and even proposes a specific location, which suggests that she is interested in the activity and is open to the idea.3.You hear:A. The students are excited about the upcoming school trip.B. The students are disappointed about the cancelled school trip.C. The students are confused about the reason for the trip cancellation.Answer: BExplanation: The students sound disappointed and frustrated, indicating that the school trip has been cancelled. The conversation likely discusses the reasons for the cancellation, such as bad weather or budget constraints.4.You hear:A. The teacher is explaining the difference between two types of writing.B. The teacher is asking the students about their favorite subjects.C. The teacher is correcting the students’ homework.Answer: AExplanation: The teacher is actively explaining a concept, which is likely the difference between two types of writing. The students may be listening intently or asking questions about the topic. There’s no mention of homework or personal preferences, making options B and C less likely.5、How much money does the woman plan to spend on her new phone?A. 500 yuanB. 800 yuanC. 1200 yuanD. 1500 yuanAnswer: B. 800 yuanExplanation: The woman mentions that she wants to spend “about 800 yuan”on a new phone, which is why the correct answer is B.二、听力第二节(本大题有15小题,每小题1.5分,共22.5分)1、Question: What is the weather like in the town where the conversation takes place?A)It’s sunny.B)It’s rainy.C)It’s cloudy.D)It’s windy.Answer: B) It’s rainy.Explanation: In the conversation, one of the speakers mentions that they have to take an umbrella because it’s raining, which indicates that the weather is rainy in the town.2、Question: How does the woman feel about the new coffee shop in the neighborhood?A)Excited.B)Disappointed.C)Indifferent.D)Annoyed.Answer: A) Excited.Explanation: The woman in the conversation expresses enthusiasm about the new coffee shop, saying she can’t wait to try it, which suggests she is excited about it.3、What is the main topic of the conversation?A)The importance of exercise in a healthy lifestyle.B)The latest sports trends in the city.C)The benefits of joining a sports club.D)The challenges of finding time for exercise.Answer: C) The benefits of joining a sports club.Explanation: The conversation focuses on the advantages of becoming a member of a sports club, such as improved fitness, social interaction, and structured exercise routines.4、How does the man feel about the new gym membership offer?A)He is excited about the discounted price.B)He is skeptical about the benefits.C)He is unsure about the long-term commitment.D)He is disappointed in the lack of options.Answer: A) He is excited about the discounted price.Explanation: The man expresses enthusiasm about the gym membership offer, particularly because of the discounted rate he can receive.5.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.Question: What activity do both students agree to do together?A. Go to the movies.B. Visit a museum.C. Go hiking.D. Have a picnic.Answer: C. Go hiking.Explanation: In the conversation, both students mention that they enjoyhiking and plan to go hiking together over the weekend. The other options are not mentioned as mutual plans.6.You will hear a short interview with a famous author. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: What inspired the author to write their latest novel?A. A personal experience.B. A historical event.C. A dream they had.D. A book they read.Answer: A. A personal experience.Explanation: During the interview, the author discusses how their personal experience of traveling to a remote village had a profound impact on them and inspired them to write the novel. The other options are not mentioned as the source of inspiration.7.You are going to hear a conversation between two students discussing their homework. Listen carefully and answer the following question.What subject are they talking about?A)MathB)HistoryC)EnglishAnswer: A) MathExplanation: The students are discussing a problem that involves numbers, indicating that they are talking about math homework.8.Listen to a short monologue about the importance of exercise. After listening, complete the following sentence.“The speaker believes that regular exercise can lead to a healthier lifestyle and improve both your physical and mental well-being.”A)TrueB)FalseAnswer: A) TrueExplanation: The speaker in the monologue emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise, including improved health and mental well-being, which supports the statement provided.9.You are listening to a conversation between a student and a teacher ina high school library.Student: Excuse me, Professor Smith, I’m looking for some reference books for my history project. Can you recommend any?Teacher: Sure, the best place to start would be the non-fiction section. Look for books on early American history. Do you have a specific topic in mind? Student: Well, I’m focusing on the Revolutionary War. Do you have any recent publications on that?Teacher: Yes, we have a couple. One is “The American Revolution: A New History” by Andrew Burstein. It’s a great comprehensi ve book.Student: Great, I’ll check that out. And what about the library’s online resources?Teacher: We have a fantastic digital database called “History Today.” Itprovides access to a wide range of historical articles and documents. You might find some valuable information there.Question: What book does the teacher recommend for the student’s history project?A) “The American Revolution: A New History” by Andrew BursteinB) “The Civil War: A Comprehensive History”C) “The Great Depression: Causes and Consequences”D) “World War II: A Global Conflict”Answer: AExplanation: The teacher specifically recommends the book “The American Revolution: A New History” by Andrew Burstein for the student’s project on the Revolutionary War.10.You are listening to a weather forecast for a local radio station.Weatherman: Good morning, everyone. This is your daily weather update. Let’s start with the current conditions. It’s a sunny day with a high of 25 degrees Celsius. The wind is blowing from the northeast at 5 to 10 miles per hour. Now, let’s look ahead to the forecast for the rest of the day. By this afternoon, we expect some clouds to develop, with a chance of light rain. The high will drop to around 20 degrees. For tomorrow, there’s a 70% chance of rain, with a hi gh of 18 degrees. We’ll have a mostly cloudy sky with a slight chance of snow in the higher elevations. Temperatures will remain cold over the next few days.Question: What is the expected high temperature for tomorrow?A) 20 degrees CelsiusB) 18 degrees CelsiusC) 25 degrees CelsiusD) 30 degrees CelsiusAnswer: BExplanation: The forecast states that the expected high temperature for tomorrow is 18 degrees Celsius.11.You will hear a short conversation between two students. After the conversation, you will hear some questions. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each question.11.What are the two students mainly talking about?A. A new school policyB. An upcoming school eventC. A book they are readingD. A homework assignmentAnswer: BExplanation: The conversation begins with one student asking about an upcoming school event, which is the main topic of their discussion.12.You will hear a short monologue about time management. Listen carefully and answer the following question.12.What advice does the speaker give to improve time management?A. To prioritize tasks based on importanceB. To spend more time on social mediaC. To avoid taking breaksD. To work longer hoursAnswer: AExplanation: The speaker emphasizes the importance of prioritizing tasks based on their importance and urgency, which is a common strategy for effective time management.13.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen and answer the question.Question: What does the second student decide to do for the weekend?A) Go to the beachB) Visit a friend in another cityC) Stay home and readD) Go hikingAnswer: C) Stay home and readExplanation: In the conversation, the second student mentions that they have a lot of reading to catch up on, indicating that they plan to stay home and read over the weekend.14.You will hear a short lecture about the importance of exercise. Listen and answer the question.Question: According to the lecture, what is one of the main benefits ofregular exercise?A) Improved memoryB) Increased risk of injuryC) Reduced stress levelsD) Lowered immune system functionAnswer: C) Reduced stress levelsExplanation: The lecturer discusses various benefits of exercise, including the reduction of stress levels, which is mentioned as one of the key advantages of engaging in regular physical activity.15.How many students in the class are interested in playing basketball?A. 7B. 12C. 18D. 25Answer: B. 12Explanation: The question asks for the number of students interested in playing basketball. According to the information provided in the listening passage, 12 out of 25 students are interested in playing basketball. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 12.三、阅读第一节(第1题7.5分,其余每题10分,总37.5分)第一题Reading PassageIn the bustling city of Shanghai, a new trend has emerged among young people: urban farming. This trend involves growing vegetables and herbs in small plots of land, rooftops, or even in containers on balconies. It is a movement that combines the passion for nature with the convenience of urban living.One of the pioneers of urban farming in Shanghai is Li Wei, a 28-year-old engineer. Li Wei’s journey into urban f arming started when he noticed the lack of fresh vegetables in his local market. “I wanted to have access to fresh, organic produce without having to travel far,” he says. So, he started growing his own vegetables in his small apartment.Li Wei’s urban far m is a testament to the creativity and ingenuity of modern urbanites. He uses hydroponics, a method of growing plants without soil, to cultivate a variety of vegetables and herbs. The system is efficient and requires minimal water, making it ideal for urba n settings. “Hydroponics is perfect for small spaces,” Li Wei explains. “It allows me to grow more in less space.”The benefits of urban farming are numerous. Not only does it provide fresh, healthy food for individuals and communities, but it also helps to reduce carbon footprints. “When you grow your own food, you reduce the need for transportation and packaging,” Li Wei notes. “It’s a more sustainable way of living.”However, urban farming is not without its challenges. One of the biggest obstacles is the lack of awareness and knowledge about the practice. Many people are not aware of the benefits of urban farming and are hesitant to try itthemselves. Li Wei and his team are working to change this by organizing workshops and community events to educate people about urban farming.1、What motivated Li Wei to start his urban farming project?A. The high cost of fresh vegetables.B. The lack of fresh vegetables in his local market.C. The popularity of hydroponics.D. The desire to travel far.2、What is the main advantage of hydroponics for urban farming?A. It requires a lot of space.B. It is not suitable for growing vegetables.C. It is efficient and requires minimal water.D. It is expensive to set up.3、According to the passage, what are the benefits of urban farming?A. It increases the carbon footprint.B. It provides access to fresh, healthy food.C. It increases transportation costs.D. It requires a lot of packaging.4、What is one of the challenges faced by urban farming?A. The abundance of fresh vegetables in local markets.B. The high cost of hydroponic systems.C. The lack of awareness and knowledge about the practice.D. The difficulty of growing vegetables without soil.Answers:1、B2、C3、B4、C第二题Passage:In the small town of Greenfield, the local library has always been a hub of community activity. The library, built in 1925, stands proudly at the heart of the town. Over the years, it has seen many changes, but its mission to serve the community remains unchanged.One of the most significant changes in recent years has been the introduction of the library’s new digital reading program. This program allows patrons to borrow e-books and audiobooks directly from the library’s website. It has b een a hit with the younger generation, who appreciate the convenience of reading on their devices.However, the library has not forgotten its traditional roots. It continues to offer a vast collection of physical books, magazines, and newspapers. The child ren’s section is especially popular, with colorful murals and cozy reading nooks that make it a favorite destination for young readers.The library also hosts a variety of events throughout the year, including book clubs, storytelling sessions, and educational workshops. These events aimto foster a love of reading and learning in the community.Despite the advancements in technology, the library remains committed to maintaining its traditional values. It believes that the combination of technology and personal interaction is the key to keeping the library relevant and vibrant.Questions:1、What is the main purpose of the library in Greenfield?A. To provide e-books and audiobooks exclusively.B. To serve as a hub of community activity.C. To offer educational workshops for adults only.D. To promote reading and learning among the young.2、How has the library adapted to changes in technology?A. It has closed its physical branches.B. It has introduced a new digital reading program.C. It has removed all physical books from its collection.D. It has stopped hosting any community events.3、What is a unique feature of the children’s section in the library?A. It has a large collection of non-fiction books.B. It has a quiet reading area for older children.C. It features colorful murals and cozy reading nooks.D. It is located in the basement of the library.4、What is the library’s approach to balancing technology and tradition?A. It plans to phase out physical books entirely.B. It focuses solely on digital reading programs.C. It believes in the combination of technology and personal interaction.D. It only hosts events that involve physical books.Answers:1、B2、B3、C4、C第三题Reading PassageIn the small coastal town of Oceanview, the local community has always been proud of its rich history and beautiful beaches. One of the most famous landmarks in the town is the Oceanview Lighthouse, which has been guiding ships safely through the treacherous waters for over a century. The lighthouse is not just a symbol of the town’s past, but also a beacon of hope and guidance for the many visitors who come to enjoy the town’s natural beauty.The story of the Oceanview Lighthouse began in the late 1800s when the town’s founders realized the need fo r a lighthouse to protect the many ships that navigated the rocky coastline. After much planning and fundraising, the construction of the lighthouse began in 1890. It was designed by the famous architect, Thomas Blackwood, and was built using local materials, includinggranite from the surrounding hills.The lighthouse was officially opened in 1895 and has been operated by the Oceanview Lighthouse Keepers Association ever since. The keepers, who have lived on the site, have watched over the lighthouse and the surrounding area for generations, ensuring that it remains a reliable guide for mariners.One of the most notable keepers was Ellen Taylor, who served from 1925 to 1955. Ellen was known for her exceptional skill in maintaining the lighthouse and her compassionate nature towards the many travelers who passed through the town. Her dedication to her job was evident in the well-kept condition of the lighthouse and the warm welcome she offered to all who visited.Today, the Oceanview Lighthouse is a popular tourist destination. Visitors can climb to the top of the lighthouse and enjoy panoramic views of the coastline and the surrounding islands. The lighthouse also serves as a museum, displaying artifacts and photographs from its long history.Questions:1、What is the main purpose of the Oceanview Lighthouse?A. To attract tourists to the town.B. To protect ships from the rocky coastline.C. To serve as a museum.D. To provide employment for local residents.2、Who was the famous architect responsible for designing the Oceanview Lighthouse?A. Ellen TaylorB. Thomas BlackwoodC. The Oceanview Lighthouse Keepers AssociationD. The town’s founders3、How long did Ellen Taylor serve as a keeper at the Oceanview Lighthouse?A. 20 yearsB. 30 yearsC. 35 yearsD. 40 years4、What is one of the main attractions for visitors to the Oceanview Lighthouse today?A. The lighthouse’s historical significanceB. The panoramic views from the topC. The lighthouse’s well-kept conditionD. The opportunity to meet the current keeperAnswers:1、B. To protect ships from the rocky coastline.2、B. Thomas Blackwood3、B. 30 years4、B. The panoramic views from the top第四题Passage:In the small town of Willow Creek, there was a famous library that had been around for over a century. The library was not only a place for reading but also a hub of community activities. The walls were lined with shelves filled with thousands of books, and the atmosphere was always peaceful and inviting.One sunny afternoon, a young girl named Emily visited the library for the first time. She was fascinated by the vast collection of books and spent hours exploring the different sections. As she wandered through the aisles, she noticed a peculiar old book on a high shelf. The book was yellowed with age and had a leather cover. Intrigued, Emily climbed the ladder and carefully took it down.The book was titled “The Secret Garden” and was written by a famous author. Emily opened it and began to read. The story was about a young girl who discovers a hidden garden behind her grandmother’s house and learns to nurture not only the plants but also herself. As she read, Emily felt a connection with the protagonist and found herself inspired by the themes of growth, hope, and resilience.The next day, Emily returned to the library with a new goal in mind. She decided to start a gardening club for the children in the town. She gathered a group of friends and together they planned their first garden. They cleared a patch of land behind the library, built raised beds, and planted flowers, vegetables, and herbs.The garden became a place where the children could learn about nature,teamwork, and the joy of creating something beautiful. It also brought the community closer together, as parents and neighbors would often visit to see the progress of the garden and to join in the activities.Questions:1、What is the main purpose of the library in Willow Creek?A) To sell booksB) To serve as a community centerC) To house historical artifactsD) To provide educational services2、Why did Emily feel a connection with the protagonist in “The Secret Garden”?A) The protagonist is also youngB) The protagonist is from Willow CreekC) The protagonist shares Emily’s in terestsD) The protagonist’s story is similar to Emily’s own3、What did Emily decide to do after reading “The Secret Garden”?A) Start a book clubB) Build a treehouseC) Start a gardening clubD) Write a book4、How did the garden contribute to the community?A) It provided a source of foodB) It brought the community closer togetherC) It attracted tourists to the townD) It became a popular tourist attractionAnswers:1、B) To serve as a community center2、A) The protagonist is also young3、C) Start a gardening club4、B) It brought the community closer together四、阅读第二节(12.5分)Title: The Journey of a LifetimeReading Section:Once upon a time, in a small village nestled between rolling hills, there lived a young girl named Lily. Lily was an adventurous soul, always eager to explore the world beyond her village. One day, she stumbled upon an old, worn-out map hidden under a pile of dusty books in her grandmother’s attic. The map was marked with a mysterious destination: “The Enchanted Forest.”Intrigued by the map, Lily decided to embark on a journey to find the Enchanted Forest. She packed her bags with essentials, said goodbye to her family, and set off on her adventure.Day 1:Lily left the village early in the morning, eager to reach her destination. Shewalked through dense forests, crossed rivers, and climbed mountains. By the end of the first day, she was exhausted but determined to continue her journey.Day 2:The second day was more challenging. The path became narrower, and the weather turned harsh. Ho wever, Lily’s resolve never wavered. She managed to find shelter in a cave and spent the night there.Day 3:On the third day, Lily encountered a wise old man who lived in the forest. He told her about the dangers that lay ahead and advised her to be cautious. Grateful for his advice, Lily continued her journey, feeling more confident than ever.Day 4:By the fourth day, Lily reached the edge of the Enchanted Forest. The trees were taller than ever, and the air was filled with an eerie silence. She could feel the magic in the air, but she also sensed that she was not alone.Day 5:Lily entered the Enchanted Forest and was immediately greeted by a group of friendly creatures. They guided her through the forest, showing her the beauty and magic that surrounded her.Day 6:After exploring the Enchanted Forest for several days, Lily realized that she had found a place where she belonged. She decided to stay and help the creatures protect their home.Questions:1.Where did Lily find the map that led her on her journey?a) In her grandmother’s atticb) At the local libraryc) In her school textbookd) At the village store2.How long did it take Lily to reach the Enchanted Forest?a) 1 dayb) 2 daysc) 3 daysd) 4 days3.Who gave Lily advice before she entered the Enchanted Forest?a) Her familyb) A local guidec) The wise old mand) A friend from her village4.How did Lily feel about the Enchanted Forest after exploring it for a few days?a) Scaredb) Disappointedc) Excitedd) Bored5.What did Lily decide to do after realizing she had found a place whereshe belonged?a) Leave the forest and return homeb) Stay in the forest and help protect itc) Search for more adventuresd) Ignore the creatures and continue her journeyAnswers:1.a) In her grandmother’s attic2.c) 3 days3.c) The wise old man4.c) Excited5.b) Stay in the forest and help protect it五、语言运用第一节 _ 完形填空(15分)Title: A Day in the Life of a High School StudentReading Passage:High school is a time of great change and challenge. Students are expected to balance their academic responsibilities with extracurricular activities, socializing, and personal time. The following passage describes a typical day in the life of a high school student.Every morning, at 7:00 a.m., the alarm clock rings. The student jumps out of bed and quickly showers. After getting dressed, they grab a quick breakfast and head to school. The first class starts at 8:00 a.m., and the student attendsfour classes in total. The subjects are English, Mathematics, Physics, and History.During lunchtime, the student meets with friends in the cafeteria and discusses their weekend plans. After lunch, they have two more classes: Chemistry and Literature. The day continues with a break for dinner, followed by an hour of study time. The student reviews their notes and completes homework assignments.In the evening, the student joins a sports team practice. They spend two hours practicing their skills and then head home to rest. Before bed, the student reads for an hour to relax their mind. They turn off the light at 10:00 p.m. and drift off to sleep.Cloze Test:Choose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence below.1.Every morning, at 7:00 a.m., the alarm clock ______.a) rangb) ringsc) will ringd) had rung2.The student grabs a quick breakfast and______to school.a) drivesb) takes a busc) walksd) flies3.The student attends four classes in total, including English, Mathematics, Physics, and ______.a) Biologyb) Chemistryc) Literatured) History4.During lunchtime, the student meets with friends in the ______.a) libraryb) gymc) cafeteriad) auditorium5.After lunch, they have two more classes: Chemistry and ______.a) Geographyb) Literaturec) Biologyd) Mathematics6.The student spends two hours practicing their skills______evening.a) atb) onc) ind) for7.The student reads for an hour to______their mind.b) stimulatec) concentrated) distract8.The student turns off the light at 10:00 p.m. and______to sleep.a) fallsb) goesc) liesd) sitsAnswer Key:1.b2.b3.b4.c5.b6.a7.a8.b六、语言运用第二节 _ 语法填空(15分)填空题目:1.In the small town of Greenfield, there lived a__________old woman namedA. kindB. friendlyC. generousD. affectionate答案:A. kind七、写作第一节 _ 应用文写作(15分)Writing Section 1: Application LetterTask: Write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper. In your letter, you express your concern about a recent issue in your community that you believe needs attention. Explain the issue, suggest possible solutions, and encourage the readers to take action.Example:[Your Name][Your Address][City, State, Zip Code][Email Address][Phone Number][Date]Editor-in-Chief[Newspaper Name][Newspaper Address][City, State, Zip Code]Dear Editor-in-Chief,I am writing to bring to your attention a concerning issue that has recently come to my attention in our community. The problem is the increasing amount of plastic waste being discarded in public spaces, which is not only unsightly but also harmful to our environment.Over the past few months, I have noticed a significant increase in plastic bags, bottles, and packaging being left on streets and in parks. This issue is not only a reflection of poor waste management but also a disregard for the health of our planet. The plastic waste ends up in rivers and oceans, where it can be ingested by marine life, causing long-term damage to the ecosystem.I believe there are several steps that can be taken to address this problem. Firstly, the local government should consider implementing stricter regulations on single-use plastics. This could include a ban on plastic bags at stores or imposing fines for littering. Secondly, educational campaigns should be launched to raise awareness about the environmental impact of plastic waste. These campaigns could be conducted in schools, community centers, and through local media outlets.I encourage the readers of your newspaper to take action as well. Here area few suggestions:。

上海外国语大学日语综合真题+答案2015

上海外国语大学日语综合真题+答案2015
腹も自分のからだの一部であるから,暴飲暴食をつつしめということ。 ひいきし過ぎて,かえってその人の迷惑になること。 説得におもむいた者が,かえって相手と同じ意見になってしまう。

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清算
入职培训 综艺 视野
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上外法语考研真题

上外法语考研真题

上外法语考研真题一、阅读理解在上外法语考研中,阅读理解是一个非常重要的部分。

考生需要通过阅读法语文章,理解文章内容,回答相关问题。

以下是一篇关于健康生活的阅读理解题目供考生参考。

La santé et la vie saineAujourd'hui, de plus en plus de personnes réalisent l'importance de la santé et mènent une vie saine. Pour rester en bonne santé, il est primordial de bien manger et de pratiquer une activité physique régulière.Une alimentation équilibrée est essentielle pour maintenir un corps sain. Il est recommandé de consommer des fruits et légumes frais, des céréales complètes et de limiter la consommation de produits transformés et de sucre. Les aliments riches en nutriments fournissent à notre corps l'énergie et les vitamines nécessaires pour fonctionner correctement.Outre une alimentation saine, l'exercice physique est également crucial pour notre bien-être. Il est conseillé de faire de l'exercice régulièrement, au moins 30 minutes par jour. La marche, la course à pied, la natation et le vélo sont de bons moyens de rester actif. L'exercice aide à renforcer le système immunitaire, à améliorer la circulation sanguine et à réduire le stress.En plus de ces mesures, il est important de prendre soin de son sommeil. Le manque de sommeil peut avoir des conséquences néfastes sur notre santéphysique et mentale. Il est recommandé de dormir entre 7 et 8 heures par nuit pour un repos adéquat.En conclusion, adopter une alimentation équilibrée, faire de l'exercicerégulièrement et prendre soin de son sommeil sont les clés d'une vie saine. Prendre des mesures pour améliorer sa santé peut avoir un impact positif sur tous les aspects de notre vie.二、翻译法语考研中的翻译题目要求考生将一段中文文本翻译成法语。

2018学年上海市上外初三第一学期开学试卷(Word版有答案无听力部分)

2018学年上海市上外初三第一学期开学试卷(Word版有答案无听力部分)

2018/92018学年第一学期初三年级开学考试I.Choice (15)A Grammar(10)11.If she _________ hard at English in the past, she _________ so well as a secretary in a large company now.A hadn’t worked… wouldn’t have workedB didn’t work… wouldn’t workC hadn’t worked… wouldn’t workD didn’t work… wouldn’t have worked12. It’s time the child _________ how to behave properly.A is learningB learnsC learnedD to learn13. __________ the expense, I ___________ a round-the-world tour.A Were it not… would takeB If it were not… takeC Weren’t it for…will takeD If it hadn’t been for… would have taken14. Could you tell me how long __________________?A you have bought the watchB you have kept this science bookC have you been away from ChinaD have you been a member of Greener China15. He refused to accept ________of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union, but_______of them are of great help.A none; allB any;allC neither;bothD each;none16. The newly built café,_________are painted light green, is really a peaceful for us, specially after hard work.A the walls of whichB the walls of itC its wallsD of which walls17. His pale face suggested that he __________able to continue with the test, so we all suggested that he ________ a rest to recover his strength.A was not,hasB should not be, haveC was not, haveD should not be,has18. Jack got a good mark although he had done _________ the others.A as much as halfB half as much asC as half as muchD as much half as19. How could Jane _________ his mother ________ the failure to pass the driving test?A blame…forB complain…forC punish…onD accuse…to20. As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can_________ concerning music, and takes every chance to improve herself.A catch sight ofB get hold ofC make use ofD take charge of21. –“Are you going to the football game ?”--“No. The tickets are ________ expensive for me.”A very muchB so muchC far tooD highly22. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A charming French smallB French small charmingC small French charmingD charming small French23. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _________ was !A What dangerous scene itB What a dangerous scene itC How dangerous a sceneD How dangerous scene24. The medical group __________ of 15 doctors and experts will immediately fly to Africa for those who __________.A consisted…need of helpB composed…need helpC made…are in need of helpD consisting…in need of help25. Not only I but also Mary _______ interested in that film.A amB isC beD are26. Many a boy _______swimming in this river, but ________can swim across it.A go; few B. goes; few C. went; little D. go; a few27. It is _________ride from here to the village. We have covered 3/4 of the distance, the rest of _______ is difficult to pass.A. a five-hour: itB. fifth-hour; whichC. five hours’; itD. five hours'; which28. As a result of destroying the forests, a large of desert ________covered the land.A. number; has B quantity; has C number; have D. quantity; have29. I thought the dictionary _______where I had it but it wasn’t in its place.A. lied, lay B laid, laid C lay. Laid D. laid, lain30. _________people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men is wrong and it makes me sad ________people won't learn the truth by asking us how we feel.A. That, whyB. /, whyC./, whatD. That, thatB. Vocabulary (5’)31. The boy did exercise to _________his body.A. expandB. extendC. spreadD. stretch32. Fortunately, with the help of some local villagers, rescuers were able to gain _____to the disaster-hit area soon enough.A. trackB. accessC. meansD. passage33. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ________was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearanceC. talentD. character35. I’m afraid this painting is not by Picasso. It's only a copy and so it's ________.A. pricelessB. invaluableC. unworthyD. worthless36. The proposals deserve support as the needs of children should be given ______to.A. priorityB. preferenceC. promotionD. permit37. It is beyond________ that Ma Yun's success comes from nowhere but his creative ability and hard workA. expectationB. doubtC. possibilityD. expression38. Because water is ________present on our planet, people often overlook its importance in daily life.A. normallyB. particularlyC. universallyD. accurately39. Research on brain activity shows imagination is generated in the right side of the brain; ________the left side of the brain is thought to be "logical.A. in contrastB. in consequenceC. in a wordD. in other words40. Six people have _________that they will be attending and ten haven't replied yet.A. confirmedB. provedC. deniedD. claimedKeys: 11-15 CCDBB 16-20 ACBAB 21-25 CDBBB26-30BDBCD 31-35DBDDD 36-40ABCAAII.Cloze(15)We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until whateverwe've become used to suddenly disappears. Take, for example, the neatly-dressed womanI__41___ to see -- or look at -- on my way to work each morning.For three years, no matter what the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00 am. On snowy days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. Summertime brought out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. Clearly , she was an ordinary working woman. Of course, I remembered all this only after she was seen no more. It was then that I realized how____42___ I expected to see her each morning. You might say I____43___ her.“Did she have an accident? Something worse?” I thought to myself about her ___44___. Now that she was gone, I felt I had known her. I began to realize that part of our ____45___ life probably includes such chance meetings with familiar___46___: the milkman you see at dawn, the woman who___47____walks her dog along the street every morning, the twin brothers you see at the library. Such people are important markers in our lives. They add weight to our ___48____ ofplace and belonging.Think about it. ____49___, while walking to work, we mark where we are by passing a certain building, why should we mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though 50,person?41. A.happened B. wanted C. used D. tried42. A. long B. often C. soon D. much43. A. respected B. missed C. praised D. admired44. A. disappearance B. appearance C. misfortune D. fortune45. A. happy B. enjoyable C. frequent D. daily46. A. friends B. strangers C. tourists D. guests47. A. regularly B. actually C. hardly D. probably48. A. choice B. knowledge C. decision D. sense49. A. Because B. If C. Although D. However50. A. unnamed B.unforgettable C. unbelievable D. unrealKEY: 41-45CDBAD 46-50 BADBAII.Reading.(20)(A)As Artificial Intelligence (AI)becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,”said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans.Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁.忌).One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps (嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe is moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.51. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A. It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D. It has become an inevitable threat as technology gets more sophisticated.52. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A. They are aggressive.B.They are outgoing.C. They are ignorant.D. They are ill-educated.53. How do robots learn human values?A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D. By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.54. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.B. Stop to seek advice from a human being.C. Set its built-in alarm system at once.D. Do sufficient testing before taking action,55. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A. Determine what is moral and ethical.B. Design some large-scale experiments.C Set rules for man-machine interaction.D.Develop a more sophisticated program.KEY: 51-55 CDCBA(B)Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has shown.Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such Aldi and Aldi rather than luxury alternatives This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from 1. 19 billion pounds in 2011 to 1. 12 billion pounds in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall further to 1. 11 billion pounds in 2016.In the last year alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from 43 pounds in 2014 to 41 pounds in 2015.Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper-including facial tissue and kitchen roll-to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with lower patterns or perfume, "said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. “These extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special offer.”While consumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy--in theory at least-when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons toilet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%) and thickness (36%).One in 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.56. The market sales of toilet paper have decreased becauseA. Britons have cut their spending on it.B. its prices have gone up over the years.C. its quality has seen marked improvement.D. Britons have developed the habit of saving.57. What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?A. It will expand in timeB. It will remain gloomy.C. It will experience ups and downs.D. It will recover as population grows58. What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?A. Special offers would promote its sales.B. Consumers are loyal to certain brands.C. Luxurious features add much to the price.D. Consumers have a variety to choose from.59. What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?A. They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.B. They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.C. They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.D. They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.60. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environmentB. Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its salesC. Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve product qualityD. Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paperKey: ABCAD(C)London has become a cycle friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme. It has been designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London .So how does it work? First you have to sign up to the scheme to be sent a key .The key will unlock one of the bikes, which are kept at docking stations in and around central London. You have to pay an access fee for the key and then you pay as you go, for the length of time you use the bike.Transport for London, which runs the scheme, are hoping to have 6,000 bikes and 400 docking stations in place by the end of the year .The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion(拥挤)in London and is expected to create up to 40,000 extra cycle trips a day intothe city centre. London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been"filled with thousands of gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace on our roads as black cabs and red buses”.However,there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday. On the first day some people found they couldn't dock their bikes properly and their usage of the bikes had not registered. Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few"teething problems"and have said they wouldn't charge for the first day as a"gesture of goodwill". Some other people have criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the bicycles.Despite the comments, the green-thinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things, saying, "My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken a big pedal-powered push forwards.”61. London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the new bike scheme in order to____________.A. reduce the air pollution of the cityB. encourage the citizens to take exerciseC. deal with the city's traffic problemsD. increase employment opportunities62. If you want to hire a bike, in which order will you do?a. pay for the bike according to the time you use itb. pay for the key to a bikec.cycle in and around central Londond. sign up as a member to get a keyA bdca B. bcad C dcba D. dbca63. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “ scheme”?A.plan B timetable C policy D campaign64. All the following are the problems of the scheme EXCEPT _____________.A. the high cost to hire a bikeB not registering their usage of the bikesC. not charging for the first day of the schemeD docking the bikes properly65. From the passage we can infer that______________________.A. London Mayor is confident of the schemeB the scheme will be canceled because of the problemsC. all the citizens in London support the schemeD the cycling revolution is not successfulKEY:61-65 CDACAPaper TwoI. Fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letter is given. (10)The Australian Aborigines came to the c_____________ at least 30,000 years ago. Down the centuries they lived a way of life that enabled them to s_______________ in all kinds of environments on the continent, including coast, forest and plain, and e_______________ in the hot desert lands where there are no permanent surface waters.Much of their everyday life was spent in gathering food such as roots, fruit and barries and hunting animals of all kinds, i____________ the large kangaroo, turtles and crocodiles. Their wanderings about their own t_____________ were determined by the seasonal s___________ of food and water.Their main w____________ and tools were the spear, spear-thrower, digging stick, boomerang, shield, stone axe and knife. The returning boomerang, a c_____________ stick which can be thrown so that its f_____________ will bring it back near the place where it was thrown, was made only in the east and west and was u_____________ to Aborigines in the center and the north. It was mainly a plaything, although it was sometimes thrown into flocks of birds.KEY:1.continent2.survive3.even4.including5.territory6.supply7.weapons8.curved9.flight10.UnfamiliarII. Word transformation. Each word can be used only once. (10")Why do people like what they like? It is one of the oldest questions of philosophy and one that many ancient thinkers have tried to answer.Scientists have also taken on the task of solving this ____1_____. In the 1960s, psychologist Robert Zajonc conducted a series of experiments where he showed people nonsense words and random shapes. Afterward, he asked his subjects which they preferred out of everything they had been shown. In study after study, people always chose the words and shapes they'd seen the most. Their preference was for familiarity.This _____2_______ was one of the most important findings in modern psychology. The preference for familiarity is so universal that some think it must be written into DNA. The______3_______ for this preference may be down to our evolution: If you recognized an animal or plant, it meant it hadn't killed you, at least not yet.This is probably why in 15 of the past 16 years, the biggest movies in the US have been a sequel(续集) of a previously successful movie or a(n) _____4______ of a previously successful book. This formula to success in Hollywood seems to match what Zajonc discovered in the 1960s.But the preference for familiarity has clear limits. People get tired of even their favorite songs and movies. On one hand, humans seek familiarity, because it makes them feel safe. On the otherhand, people love the thrill of something new. This change between familiarity and discovery_____5______ us all the time -not just our preferences for pictures and songs, but also our preferences for ideas and even people. For that reason, the power of familiarity seems to be strongest when a person isn't _____6______ it. The opposite is also true: A surprise seems to work best when it contains some familiarity.Nobody knows t his better than Raymond Loewy, who’ s _____7______ to be the "father" of industrial design. He had a theory that he said could help artists sell anything to anyone. He called it MAY A" Most Advanced Yet Acceptable"".To sell something surprising, make it familiar; and to sell something familiar, make it surprising, he said.One of Loewy's final ______8______ was to add an element of familiarity to a truly novel invention: NASA's first space station. Loewy and his team conducted ______9______ studies and found small ways to make the outer-space living quarters feel more like homes back on Earth. But his biggest contribution to the space station was his _____10_____ that NASA install a window that has a view of Earth. Today, tens of millions of people have seen this small detail in films about astronauts. It's hard to imagine a more perfect example of MAYA: a window to a new world can also show you home.Key:1. mystery 2.discovery 3. explanation 4. extension 5. affects 6.expecting 7. considered 8. assignments 9. adaption 10.insistedⅢ.Fill in the blanks with the proper from of each verb given : (10’)It was a winter morning , just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2013.While most people1 (warm) up their cars , Trevor, my husband , had to get up early to ride bike four kilometers away from home to work . On2 (arrive) , he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually3 (do).4 (spend) 10 hours of labor , he returned only to find his bike5 (go).The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour a week to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries, 6 (save) us from having to walk long distances from where we live.I was so sad that someone 7 (steal) our bike that I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help, One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they 8 (never meet) before.People say that a smile can 9 (pass) from one person to another, but acts of kindnessfrom strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity as a whole. And it has influenced us 10 (be)more conscious of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an cat of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be everlasting.Keys:1.were warming;2.arriving;3.did;4.Having spent;5.gone;6.saving;7.had stolen;8.had never met;9.be passed;10.to beIV.Sentence transformation.1.Peter said ,“Are you going to the concert with me this morning,Sue?”(改成间接引语)2.The bus broke down.We waited for another bus for thirty minutes.(用虚拟语气合并句子)3.They couldn't have shown up the day before yesterday, _______ _______ ?(反义疑问句)4.Her grandfather passed away last month.He was a member of Flying Tiger during the Anti-Japanese War.(定语从句改写)5.If you’re eating healthily and staying active, there’s no need to worry about your weight.______ ______ ______ you’re eating healthily and staying active,you don't have to______ ______ _______ your weight.Key:1.Peter asked Sue whether she was going to the concert with him that morning.2.If the bus hadn't broken down,we would haven't waited for another bus for thirty minutes.3.Did they4.Her grandfather, who was a member of Flying Tiger during the Anti-Japanese War passed away last month.5.As long as ... be worried aboutV. Read the following passage and answer the questions in COMPLETE sentences. (5%)While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American society adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975 the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.Answer the question in COMPLETE sentences:1. When did the pattern of age segregation become usual in American society?2. Besides changes in the workplace, what are the other factors contributing to adolescent peer culture?3. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?4. What do adolescents spend most of their time doing?5. How do adolescents peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?Keys:1.This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society.2.Besides changes in the workplace, the dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace are the other factors contributing to adolescent peer culture3.adolescents start to spend less time with adults in early adolescence.4.They spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity.5.They have less close supervision of parents. /They manage to escape adultsupervision./They are increasingly autonomous.VI. Translation1.通常认为有语言优势的学生在国外更容易找到一份报酬丰厚的工作。

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AExperts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?A. Sheep.B. Donkeys.C. Cows.D. Pigs.2. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By providing examples.C. By listing data.D. By asking questions.3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few people eat insects regularly.B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.C. Insects contain various vitamins.D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.BImaginary friends in childhood refer to the invisible beings that a child gives a personality to and plays with for over three months.Crabbycrab(蟹)appeared on a holiday in Norway by running out of my four-year-old son Fisher's ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be a sign thatFisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that imaginary friends can help develop children's social skills.Research has shown that the positive effects of having imaginary friends as a child continue into adulthood. Adolescents who remember their imaginary playmates have been found to use more activecoping(应对)styles, such as seeking advice from loved ones rather than bottle things up inside. Even adolescents with behavioral problems who had imaginary friends as children have been found to have better coping skills through the teenage years.Scientists thinkthis could be because these teens have been able to adjust themselves to the social world with imagination rather than choose to be involved in relationships with more difficult classmates. It could also be because the imaginary friends help to reduce these adolescents,loneliness.These teens are also more likely to seek out social connections -they tend to turn to others for advice. Current research by Tori Watson is taking this evidence and looking at how adolescents who have imaginary friends as children deal withbullying(欺凌)at school. It is found that teens who remember their imaginary friends are better at dealing with bullying.While we know a lot about childhood imaginary friends such as Crabby Crab and the positive effects they can have, there is still a lot to learn about imaginary friends.4. What is Crabby crab?A. It is a crab Fisher caught inNorway.B. It is Fisher's imaginary friend.C. It is a toy Fisher like much.D. It is a cause of earache.5. Why do children with imaginary friends have better coping skills?A. Imaginary friends help improve their adjustment.B. Having imaginary friends makes them smarter.C. They have rich imagination.D. They are no longer alone.6. What will a child with imaginary friends probably do if he is bullied?A. Escape from the bully.B. Fight with the bully bravely.C. Keep silent about being bullied.D. Ask a parent or a teacher for help.7. What is the author's attitude towards the effect of imaginary friends?A. Concerned.B. Doubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Indifferent.CANew Zealandcouncil has announced a month-long road closure in order to allow a sea lion and her pup to reach the ocean safely.John Wilson Ocean Drive in Dunedin will be closed after the New Zealand sea lions made their home at a nearby golf course and started "regularly crossing the road to get to the beach," according to a Facebook post from Dunedin City Council."You can still visit the area on foot or by bicycle, but please give the sea lions lots of space," continued the post.Locals applauded the decision, and one even called for the closure to be made permanent."No dogs should be on the beach, either," wrote Gaylene Smith. "We need to protect our beautiful sea life."Dogs are known to attack sea lions, and Chisholm Links Golf Course, where the sea lions have made their home, also posted advice to dog walkers in a Facebook update."We're lucky to have sea lions on our coastline and we need to share the space with them,as this is what makes our coastline so unique!" wrote the course on Facebook.The council went on to explain thatNew Zealandsea lions are endangered, and are one of the world's rarestspecies of sea lion.There are an estimated 12,000New Zealandsea lions left, according to the Department of Conservation. Under local law, anyone who kills a sea lion could face up to two years in prison or a fine of up to NZ$250,000(US$178,000).8. What decision has the Dunedin City Council made?A. Closing an ocean drive for a month.B. Forbidding entry into a golf course.C. Forbidding walking dogs outside.D. Closing the nearby beach temporarily.9. How did the City Council announce the decision?A. By informing on TV.B. By sending out notices.C. By posting on Facebook.D. By advertising in a newspaper.10. What is the attitude of the local people toward the closure?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Uncaring.D. Critical.11. What can we learn aboutNew Zealandsea lions from the text?A. They are afraid of humans.B. They are a common species.C. They are being killed by dogs.D. They are under legal protection.DSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”12. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.13. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.14. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.15. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语月考试题及参考答案

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语月考试题及参考答案

2020届上海外国语大学附属外国语学校高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BThe sky is dazzlingly blue, and the sun shines on the head of gargoyle(滴水嘴怪兽) of the Ponte Neuve in Paris, near where Mr Jérôme Galais has been peddling(叫卖) dusty classic books to countless tourists for more than 30 years.In normal times, Parisiens and tourists from around the world would be looking around Jérôme Callais’s goods casually, and 230 other open-air booksellers go along the left and right banks of theSeinefor nearly four miles.But as lockdown bans to control the COVID-19 pandemic keep visitors in trouble, the booksellers’ livelihood is rapidly being put in danger. Many are worrying it may be the final period for a centuries-old métier that is regarded as a landmark toParisas the Louvre and Notre Dame.Sales have decreased an average of 80 percent this year, Mr. Callais said, throwing many booksellers into dangerousstraits. But some booksellers want to work. They are eager to keep a tradition that dates to the 16th century. Many of today’s booksellers are retired people living on pensions (养老金) who are collectors of literature and magazines.A growing number of people in their 30s and 40s have joined their ranks, who are attracted by the freedom of working outside an office in rain or shine.Even before the pandemic, the booksellers were fighting with the cultural changes like the fact that people don’t read physical books as much as they used to, if they do, often turn to Amazon to buy them.4. What mainly causes booksellers’ living difficulties?A. The competition among booksellers.B. The popularity of physical books.C. The future of book business.D. Lockdown bans.5. What does the underlined word “straits”mean in Paragraph 4?A. Banks.B. Situations.C. Channels.D. Traditions.6. From the passage, we can infer________.A. Mr Galais has been only selling the classicsB. retired booksellers get used to gather literatureC. young people enjoy the working style of selling booksD. booksellers try to prevent the book industry from ending7. Where can the passage be found?A. In a novel.B. In a history book.C. In a magazine.D. In a textbook.CIn Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. Now scientists have figured out what makes the tree’s sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people callit the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by native Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you touch a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked(舔) at the places where they’d been injected, indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small s of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.8. Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A. Because it has so unusual an appearance.B. Because it is extremely rare in existence.C. Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D. Because the pain caused by it doesn’t go away quickly.9. What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A. How it produces poisons.B. What poisons it produces.C. How it benefits from the sting.D. The consequences of its sting.10. What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A. It produces the same poisons as spiders.B. Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.C. Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D. Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.11. What’s the best title for the text?A. Scientists Discover Stinging Tree's SecretB. Caution: Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison YouC. Scientists Discover a Strange Species in AustraliaD. Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging TreeDOwning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were mostprotected.”The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”12. Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?A. To help Europeans,B. To find their association.C. To protect unhealthy adults.D. To reduce risk of heart disease.13. What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?A. Universal.B. Confusing.C. Appealing.D. Important14. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.B. Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.C. Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.D. Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.15. What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Contradictory.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上外版英语高考试题与参考答案

上外版英语高考试题与参考答案

上外版英语高考仿真试题与参考答案一、听力第一节(本大题有5小题,每小题1.5分,共7.5分)1、Listen to the following conversation and choose the best answer to the question you hear.A. They are at a restaurant.B. They are at a bookstore.C. They are at a library.D. They are at a park.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman says, “I think I’ll go to the bookstore and look for a book about English literature.” This indicates that they are at a bookstore.2、Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question you hear.How does the man feel about the weather today?A. He likes it.B. He dislikes it.C. He is indifferent.D. He doesn’t know.Answer: AExplanation: In the dialogue, the woman says, “The weather today is reallynice.” The man responds, “Yes, I agree. I like it.” This shows that the man likes the weather today.3.You hear a conversation between two students, Tom and Lucy, discussing their weekend plans.Tom: “Hey, Lucy, are you planning to go anywhere this weekend?”Lucy: “Yeah, actually, I’m thinking of visiting my gra ndparents in the countryside. How about you, Tom?”Tom: “I’m not sure yet. I might just stay in town and catch up on some reading.”Question: What does Lucy plan to do this weekend?A) Stay in town and read.B) Visit her grandparents in the countryside.C) Go to the library.Answer: B) Visit her grandparents in the countryside.Explanation: Lucy explicitly mentions that she is planning to visit her grandparents in the countryside, making option B the correct answer.4.You hear a short dialogue between a teacher and a student in the school library.Teacher: “Hi, John. How’s your study going for the upcoming exam?”John: “Oh, it’s going okay. But I’m struggling with the math section. Do you have any tips on how to study effectively for it?”Question: What subject is John having difficulty with?A) English.B)Math.C)Science.Answer: B) Math.Explanation: John directly states that he is struggling with the math section, indicating that the subject he is having difficulty with is math.5、You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their plans for the weekend. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the following question.Question: How many times does the conversation mention the name of a place?A) 2 timesB) 3 timesC) 4 timesD) 5 timesAnswer: B) 3 timesExplanation: The conversation mentions the name of three places: the park, the shopping mall, and the cinema.二、听力第二节(本大题有15小题,每小题1.5分,共22.5分)1、Listen to the following conversation between two students, Tom and Lily, discussing their weekend plans. After listening, answer the question.Q: What activity do Tom and Lily plan to do together on Sunday?A. 1) Go to the cinema.B. 2) Visit a museum.C. 3) Go hiking.D. 4) Attend a concert.Answer: C. 3) Go hiking.Explanation: I n the conversation, Tom says, “I was thinking we could go hiking this Sunday. It’s been a while since we’ve done that together.” Lily agrees, indicating that they plan to go hiking together.2、Listen to the following dialogue between a student, Alex, and a teacher, Mrs. Smith, discussing the school’s upcoming trip. After listening, answer the question.Q: How many students are interested in joining the school trip to Paris?A. 1) 15 students.B. 2) 20 students.C. 3) 25 students.D. 4) 30 students.Answer: B. 2) 20 students.Explanation: Mrs. Smith says, “As of now, we have 20 students who have expressed interest in joining the trip to Paris.” This confirms that 20 students are interested in the school trip.3.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their summer plans. Listen and choose the best answer to the question.Question: What does the student suggest they do for the summer?A)Travel to Europe.B)Study abroad in China.C)Work part-time in the city.D)Volunteer at a local shelter.Answer: C)解析:在听力材料中,学生提到了想要在暑假期间找一份兼职工作,以积累工作经验。

2024年上海外国语大学考研法语口译法语翻译基础科目真题

2024年上海外国语大学考研法语口译法语翻译基础科目真题

2024年上海外国语大学考研法语口译法语翻译基础科目真题业务课名称:法语口译(满分150分,3小时)考生须知:1.答案必须写在答题纸上,写在其他纸上无效。

2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答,用其他答题不给分,不得使用涂改液。

一法译汉法译汉第1篇:Le rapport qui suit n'est pas tant la description de l'état de la langue française qu'une présentation, une saisie sur le vif du mouvement francophone dans le monde. Ils'ouvre en effet sur ce constat :«On nait de moins en moins francophone, mais on le devient de plus en plus.» Car la francophonie, comme il est dit dans le rapport, est devenir, variations, polycentrisme. D'un mot, elle reflète le pluriel du monde. La francophonie est devenir car elle est énergie qui puise àcelle des démographies d'un continent africain qui, comme elle, va vers sa jeunesse. La langue française est donc plus que jamais langue d'Afrique, de ses écoles, de sa production littéraire, desa recherche, de ses pensées. Elle sait également se faire la lingua franca de ses rues, de ses marchés, de ses villes en croissance toujours plus rapide.La francophonie est devenir aussi car elle est accueil, encore et toujours, des variations et variétés qui continûment adviennent dans le foisonnement des cultures qu'elle rassemble autour de la langue qu'elles partagent.Elle compose ainsi un cercle vivant dont on dira, en paraphrasant l'ancienne image m édiévale, que son centre est partout et sa circonférence nulle part. Polymorphe et polycentrique donc, la francophonie fait corps avec le pluriel du monde. Son credo est qu'un monde pluriel est non seulement un fait, mais une valeur qui doit lui donner orientation. La francophonie est ainsi la promotion continue du pluralisme linguistique et de ses vertus, dans le monde et en son sein. Parmi celles-ci, d'abord, la facultéde penser de langue àlangue, qui est aussi capacitéde décentrement et d'ouverture. Voilàpourquoi ce rapport insiste sur «les dangers du monolinguisme»en général, dans les institutions et les relations internationales en particulier. Il ne s'agit pas, en effet, d'imposer ou de s'imposer une langue qui seraitplus 《universelle》que les autres, mais de comprendre que dans un monde du pluriel des cultures et des idiomes, qui sont autant de visages de I'humanité, c'est au bout de la rencontre des langues, de leur dialogue, qui peut être difficile, de leur mise en relation, qui ne va certes pas sans malentendus, que se trouve le commun,I'universel, qu'il faut réaliser ensemble.Qui ne peut donc être, selon le mot du philosophe Maurice Merleau-Ponty, que «lat éral» ou«horizontal》et non pas «de surplomb». De ce (multi)latéralisme nécessairement plurilingue, la francophonie est le héraut et la manifestation.法译汉第2篇:Fixe également une limite d'âge de 13 ans pour l'utilisation des outils d'lA dans les salles de classe, et appelle àformer les enseignants spécifiquement sur ce sujet. Ce sont quelques unes des propositions du tout premier Guide mondial pour I'IA gén érative dans l'éducation et la recherche publiéen septembre 2023.L'initiative vise àgarantir une approche centrée sur I'humain lors de l'intégration de ces technologies dans l'éducationLe public a découvert I'lA générative en novembre 2022 àla suite du lancement de ChatGPT, qui est devenue l'application àla croissance la plus rapide de I'histoire. Capable de génÃrer des textes, des images, des vidéos, de la musique et des codes de logiciels, les outils d'IA générative ont des conséquences considérables sur l'éducation et la recherche.Pourtant, le secteur de l'éducation reste insuffisamment préparéàl'intégration éthique et pédagogique de ces outils àévolution rapide. Selon une récente enquêªte mondiale de I'UNESCO, menÃée auprès de plus de 450 écoles et universités, moins de 10 % d'entre elles disposent de politiques institutionnelleset/ou d'orientations formelles concernant l'utilisation des applications génératives de I'IA, en grande partie en raison de l'absence de réglementations nationales.二汉译法汉译法第1篇,平遥古城的介绍平遥古城是14世纪建成的中国汉族传统建筑的卓越保护典范。

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2015上海外国语大学翻译硕士笔试(回忆版)英语基础时间:12.27下午2:00~5:00一、Filling following blanks with a word.Nicholas Kristof is a New York Times columnist.©2014/the new york timesAmerican Dream is Leaving AmericaThe best escalator to opportunity in the US is education. But a new study underscores that the escalator is broken.We expect each generation to do better, but, currently, more young American men have less education (29%) than their parents than have more education (20%).Among young Americans whose parents didn’t graduate from high school, only 5% make it through college themselves. In other rich countries, the figure is 23%.The US is devoting billions of dollars to compete with Russia militarily, but maybe we should try to compete educationally. Russia now has the largest percentage of adults with a university education of any industrialized country—a position once held by the US, although we’re plunging in that roster.These figures come from the annual survey of education from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD, and it should be a shock to Americans.A basic element of the American dream is equal access to education as the lubricant of social and economic mobility. But the American dream seems to have emigrated because many countries do better than the US in educational mobility, according to the OECD study.As recently as 2000, the US still ranked second in the share of the population with a college degree. Now we have dropped to fifth. Among 25-to-34-year-olds—a glimpse of how we will rank in the future—we rank 12th, while once-impoverished South Korea tops the list.A new Pew survey finds that Americans consider the greatest threat to our country to be the growing gap between the rich and poor. Yet we have constructed an education system, dependent on local property taxes, that provides great schools for the rich kids in the suburbs who need the least help, and broken, dangerous schools for inner-city children who desperately need a helping hand.Too often, the US’s education system amplifies not opportunity but inequality. My dad was a World War II refugee who fled Ukraine and Romania and eventually made his way to France. He spoke perfect French, and Paris would have been a natural place to settle. But he felt that France was stratified and would offer little opportunity to a penniless Eastern European refugee, or even to his children a generation later, so he set out for the US. He di dn’t speak English, but, on arrival in 1951, he bought a copy of the Sunday edition of The New York Times and began to teach himself—and then he worked his way through Reed College and the University of Chicago, earning a PhD and becoming a university professor. He rode the American dream to success; so did his only child. But while he was right in 1951 to bet on opportunity in the US rather than Europe, these days he would perhaps be wrong. Researchers find economic and educational mobility are now greater in Europe than in the US.That’s particularly sad because, as my Times colleague Eduardo Porter noted last month, egalitarian education used to be the US’s strong suit. European countries excelled at first-rate education for the elites, but the US led the way in mass education.By the mid-1800s, most American states provided a free elementary education to the great majority of white children. In contrast, as late as 1870, only 2% of British 14-year-olds were in school.Then the US was the first major country, in the 1930s, in which a majority of children attended high school. By contrast, as late as 1957, only 9% of 17-year-olds in Britain were in school.Until the 1970s, we were pre-eminent in mass education, and Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz of Harva rd University argue powerfully that this was the secret to the US’s economic rise. Then we blew it, and the latest OECD report underscores how the rest of the world is eclipsing us.In effect, the US has become 19th-century Britain: We provide superb education for elites, but we falter at mass education.In particular, we fail at early education. Across the OECD, an average of 70% of 3-year-olds are enrolled in education programmes. In the US, it’s 38%.In some quarters, there’s a perception that American teachers are lazy. But the OECD report indicates that American teachers work far longer hours than their counterparts abroad. Yet American teachers earn 68% as much as the average American college-educated worker, while the OECD average is 88%.Fixing the education system is the civil rights challenge of our era. A starting point is to embrace an ethos that was born in the US but is now an expatriate: that we owe all children a fair start in life in the form of access to an education escalator.Let’s fix the escalator.二、Answer following questions大概,有出入)1、Why did the author’s father leave for America?2、What is educational mobility like in Europe?3、According to Claudia Goldin, what is the secret to the US’s economic rise?4、What is the 19th-century Britain education like?5、According to the author, how to fix the problem of American education system?三、WritingWrite a response essay:Would we be better off without religion?Write in the format why or why not英语翻译基础时间:12.28上午8:30~11:30一、write a description of future city based on the following passage.As much as the Internet has already changed the world, it is the Web’s next phase that will bring the biggest opportunities, revolutionizing the way we live, work, play, and learn. That next phase, which some call the Internet of Things and which we call the Internet of Everything, is the intelligent connection of people, processes, data, and things. Although it once seemed like a far-off idea, it is becoming a reality for businesses, governments, and academic institutions worldwide. Today, half the world’s population has access to the Internet; by 2020, two-thirds will be connected. Likewise, some 13.5 billion devices are connected to the Internet today; by 2020, we expect that number to climb to 50 billion. The things that are—and will be—connected aren’t just traditional devices, such as computers, tablets, and phones, but also parking spaces and alarm clocks, railroad tracks, street lights, garbage cans, and components of jet engines.All of these connections are already generating massive amounts of digital data—and it doubles every two years. New tools will collect and share that data (some 15,000 applications are developed each week!) and, with analytics, that can be turned into information, intelligence, and even wisdom, enabling everyone to make better decisions, be more productive, and have more enriching experiences.And the value that it will bring will be epic. In fact, the Internet of Everything has the potential to create $19 trillion in value over the next decade. For the global private sector, this equates to a 21 percent potential aggregate increase in corporate profits—or $14.4 trillion. The global public sector will benefit as well, using the Internet of Everything as a vehicle for the digitization of cities and countries. This will improve efficiency and cut costs, resulting in as much as $4.6 trillion of total value. Beyond that, it will help (and already is helping) address some of the world’s most vexing challenges: aging and growing populations rapidly moving to urban centers; growing demand for increasingly limited natural resources; and massive rebalancing in economic growth between briskly growing emerging market countries and slowing developed countries.PHYSICAL LIMITSMore than half of the world’s population now lives in or near a major urban area, and the move toward ever-greater urbanization shows no signs of slowing. According to the United Nations, the global population is expected to grow from seven billion today to 9.3 billion by 2050, and the world’s cities will have to accommodate about 70 percent more residents. The traditional ways of dealing with the influx—simply adding more physical infrastructure—won’t work, given limited resources and space. New ways of incorporating technology will be required to provide urban services, whether it’s roads, water, electricity, gas, work spaces, schools, or healthcare. In the future, there will be less emphasis on physical connections and more on access to virtual connections.Cities also face budgetary challenges, battling rising costs and shrinking resources. The world’s cities account for 70 percent of greenhouse-gas emissions, and according to UN-HABITAT, energy-related costs are one of the biggest municipal budget items. Technology could provide a simple fix just by updating aging street lighting systems. That would also improve citizen safety and create a more favorable environment for businessinvestments.There are similar issues in many of the world’s water systems, with aging pipes in desperate need of replacing. For instance, the United States’ water infrastructure is near the end of its lifecycle with approximately 240,000 water main breaks each year. The cost of fixing this crumbling infrastructure could exceed $1 trillion over the next 25 years, assuming that all pipes are replaced. By placing networked sensors in water mains and underground pipe systems as they are repaired and replaced, cities could more effectively monitor and better anticipate future leaks and other potential problems as the infrastructure is upgraded.More people also means more waste. The amount of municipal solid waste generated around the world is expected to reach 2.2 billion tons by 2025—up from 1.3 billion in 2012. Globally, solid waste management costs will rise to about$375.5 billion by 2025, according to predictions by the World Bank. Once again, the Internet of Everything offers ways to better manage and reduce these costs. For example, sensors in residential and commercial garbage containers could alert a city waste management system when they are full. Each morning, the drivers would receive their optimized route to empty the full containers. Compared to today’s fixed-route system, the new system could save millions of dollars by increasing efficiencies and worker productivity.The intelligent and efficient stewardship of growing cities must take top priority. And there, we are convinced that the Internet of Everything will bring one of the most significant technology transitions since the birth of the Internet. Connections between things and people, supported by networked processes, will enable everyone to turn data into actionable information that can be used to do things that weren’t possible before, or to do them better. We can more quickly discover patterns and trends; we can predict and prepare for anything from bus or assembly line breakdowns to natural disasters and quick surges in product demand.PUBLIC GOODPerhaps surprisingly, the public sector has been the most effective and innovative early adopter when it comes to making use of the Internet of Everything, especially in major metropolitan areas. New and innovative solutions are already transforming green fields and rundown urban centers into what we call Smart + Connected Communities, or Smart Cities. According to IHS Technology, the total number of Smart Cities will quadruple from 21 to 88 between 2013 and 2025. At Cisco, we are engaged with more than 100 cities in different stages of Smart City development.By definition, Smart Cities are those that integrate information communications technology across three or more functional areas. More simply put, a Smart City is one that combines traditional infrastructure (roads, buildings, and so on) with technology to enrich the lives of its citizens. Creative platforms and killer apps have helped reduce traffic, parking congestion, pollution, energy consumption, and crime. They have also generated revenue and reduced costs for city residents and visitors.For instance, one-third of the world’s streetlights use technology from the 1960s. Cities that update aging systems with networked motion-detection lights save administrative and management time as well as electricity and costs—as much as 70–80 percent, according to an independent, global trial of LED technology. By using such energy-saving technologies,cities can drastically lower their municipal expenditures on electricity. Cisco estimates that smart street lighting initiatives can also reduce area crime by seven percentbecause of better visibility and more content citizenry. Further, connected light poles can serve as wireless networking access points, enabling citizens and city managers to take advantage of pervasive connectivity. And networked sensors incorporated into utility lines could help reduce costs for both consumers and providers, with meters being ―read‖ remotely, and much more accurately. Cities such as Nice, France are already implementing smart lighting, which monitors lamp intensity and traffic sensors to reduce car theft, assaults, and even home burglary. These lighting initiatives are also expected to reduce the city’s energy bill by more than $8 million.Smart Cities are also saving energy indoors. Buildings outfitted with intelligent sensors and networked management systems can collect and analyze energy-use data. Such technologies have the potential to reduce energy consumption and cut costs by $100 billion globally over the next decade.Thanks to higher traffic, cities generate more than 67 percent of greenhouse gases released into our atmosphere. Experts predict that this figure will rise to 74 percent by 2030. In the United States alone, traffic congestion costs $121 billion a year in wasted time and fuel. Incredibly, drivers looking for a parking space cause 30 percent of urban congestion, not to mention pollution. To overcome this problem, the city of San Carlos, California has embedded networked sensors into parking spaces that relay to drivers real-time information about—and directions to—available spots. This program has helped reduce congestion, pollution, and fuel consumption. Moreover, parking fees can be dynamically adjusted for peak times, which generates more revenue for cities.Cities can also integrate sensors that collect and share real-time data about public transportation systems to improve traffic flow and better monitor the use of buses and trains, giving them the ability to adjust route times and frequency of stops based on changing needs. This alone will cut costs and bring new efficiencies. Mobile apps that aggregate the information, meanwhile, can help citizens track delays or check pick-up times for a more seamless commute. Barcelona, Spain has already changed the typical experience of waiting for a bus by deploying smart bus stops, where citizens can use touchscreen monitors to view up-to-date bus schedules, maps, locations for borrowing city-owned bikes, and local businesses and entertainment.Innovative municipal leaders understand the Internet of Everything’s incredible promise. In fact, these days, the most innovative cities have their own chief information officers or even chief digital officers.二、Write a summary of the following passage in English.树立高度的文化自信,讲好中国故事博大精深的传统文化、丰富多彩的民族文化、独具特色的红色文化、充满生机的当代文化——中华民族创造的文化,是我们引以为豪的软实力,也是我们文化自信的底气所在。

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