高中数学词汇中英文对照
数学中英名词对照表
数学中英名词对照表以下是一些常见的数学中英名词对照表：1.数学(Mathematics):2.代数(Algebra):•代数方程(Algebraic equation)•多项式(Polynomial)•因子(Factor)•等式(Equation)•变量(Variable)•系数(Coefficient)3.几何(Geometry):•图形(Figure)•角度(Angle)•直线(Line)•圆(Circle)•面积(Area)•体积(Volume)•对称(Symmetry)4.统计学(Statistics):•数据(Data)•平均数(Mean)•中位数(Median)•众数(Mode)•标准差(Standard deviation)•概率(Probability)•抽样(Sampling)5.微积分(Calculus):•导数(Derivative)•积分(Integration)•极限(Limit)•微分方程(Differential equation)•曲线(Curve)•点斜式(Point-slope form)6.线性代数(Linear Algebra):•矩阵(Matrix)•行列式(Determinant)•向量(Vector)•特征值(Eigenvalue)•线性方程组(System of linear equations)•范数(Norm)7.数论(Number Theory):•质数(Prime number)•最大公约数(Greatest common divisor, GCD)•最小公倍数(Least common multiple, LCM)•同余(Congruence)•素因数分解(Prime factorization)8.逻辑学(Logic):•命题(Proposition)•范式(Normal form)•谓词(Predicate)•推理(Inference)•命题逻辑(Propositional logic)•谓词逻辑(Predicate logic)这只是数学中的一小部分术语对照表，数学领域非常广泛，涵盖了许多分支和专业术语。
数学常用词汇中英文对照——数学词汇整理
数学常用词汇中英文对照Mathematical vocabulary一、代数部分(Algebra part)1、有关计算some basic operationadd[æd，plus[plʌs]加subtract［səbˈtrækt]减difference[ˈdifərəns］差multiply［ˈmʌltiplai］，times[taɪmz］乘product[ˈprɔdʌkt]积divide[diˈvaid]除divisible［dɪˈvɪzəbəl］可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend[ˈdividend],美［ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd] 被除数divisor[dɪˈvaɪzə］因子，除数quotient[ˈkwəʊʃənt］商remainder［riˈmeində] 余数factorial[fækˈtɔ：riəl］阶乘power［ˈpauə］乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号round to四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2。
有关集合setsEmpty [ˈempti］sets空集Subset[ˈsʌbset]子集Intersection［intəˈsekʃən]交集union[ˈju:njən] 并集complement［ˈkɔmplimənt］补集proper［ˈprɔpə］subset真子集solution ［səˈlu:ʃən］set解集3。
有关代数式、方程和不等式(algebraic expression，equation and inequalities）algebraic term[ˌældʒiˈbreiik tə：m］代数项like[laik］ terms，similar[ˈsimilə］ terms同类项numerical coefficient［nju：ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt］数字系数literal coefficient[ˈlitərəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt］字母系数inequality［ˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:] 不等式triangle inequality[ˈtraiæŋɡlˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti：]三角不等式range[reindʒ］值域original equation[əˈridʒinəl iˈkweiʃən］原方程equivalent equation[iˈkwivələnt iˈkweiʃən］同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g。
数学词汇中英文对照文库
数学词汇中英文对照abbreviation 简写符号；简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极大值absolute minimum 绝对极小值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度; 地心加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) （概率）加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 内错弓形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设altitude 高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a planeangle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisectorangle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of friction 静摩擦角; 极限角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of projection 投射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角angular displacement 角移位angular momentum 角动量angular motion 角运动angular velocity 角速度annum(X% per annum) 年（年利率X%）anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针力矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿氏图argument (1)论证; (2)辐角argument of a complex number 复数的辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptoteasymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静止augmented matrix 增广矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助角auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助方程average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 抛物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base linebase number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差；偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion 十亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial distribution 二项分布binomial expression 二项式binomial series 二项级数binomial theorem 二项式定理bisect 平分；等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisectorBoolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法；相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioidCartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡儿方程Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面Cartesian product 笛卡儿积category 类型；范畴catenaryCauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy s principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西 - 许瓦尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中心极限定理central linecentral tendency 集中趋centre 中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质量中心centrifugal force 离心力centripedal acceleration 向心加速度centripedal force force 向心力centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)方程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的首数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图；图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoidclass 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinearcollinear planes 共线面collision 碰撞column (1)列；纵行；(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangentcommutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余；补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余角complementary equation 补充方程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配方complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分力composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数；合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复角compound angle formula 复角公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利；复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句；条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥；圆锥（体）confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confidence limit 置信极限confocal sectioncongruence (1)全等；(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conic ;conic section ;conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数；相邻数consequence 结论；推论consequent 条件；后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的；相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒力constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理；系；推论coplanar 共面coplanar forces 共面力coplanar linesco-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确至；取值至correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角；(2)对应角corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数无限counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数；计数couple 力偶Carmer s rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面；横截面；截痕cube 正方体；立方；立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方；立方；三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cuboid 长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curvecumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curvecurve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved linecurved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱；圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre s theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan s law 德摩根律decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile 十分位数decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom 自由度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派生统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法)determinant 行列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic 二次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分方程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向角directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction 方向; 方位direction angle 方向角direction cosine 方向余弦direction number 方向数direction ratio 方向比directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的) discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分立; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle 二倍角double angle formula 二倍角公式double root 二重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动力学eccentric angle 离心角eccentric circles 离心圆eccentricity 离心率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱；边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施力eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹力elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整方根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns(variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧几里德算法Euclidean geometry 欧几里德几何Euler s formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值；预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of…以………表达expression 式；数式extension 外延；延长；扩张；扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外角external angle bisectorexternal point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face 面factor 因子；因式；商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同心圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形)；(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation 首近似值first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程first projection 第一投影; 第一射影first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal axis 焦轴focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡儿叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xforce 力forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠free vector 自由向量; 自由矢量frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形；频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦力frictionless motion 无摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum 支点function 函数function of function 复合函数；迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理gain 增益；赚；盈利gain perent 赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; 生成函数generator (1)母线; (2)生成元geoborad 几何板geometric distribution 几何分布geometric mean 几何平均数；等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定；已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示；以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravity 重力greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线groupgrouped data 分组数据；分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子half angle 半角half angle formula 半角公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron s formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯一的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子；最高公因式；最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图；直方图；矩形图Holder s Inequality 赫耳德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次方程Hooke s law 虎克定律horizontal 水平的；水平horizontal asymptote 水平渐近线horizontal component 水平分量horizontal linehorizontal range 水平射程hyperbolahyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线idempotent 全幂等的identical 全等；恒等identity 等（式）identity element 单位元identity law 同一律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当；若且仅若if…, then 若….则；如果…..则illustration 例证；说明image 像点；像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式；蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵；蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲力incentre 内力incircle 内切圆inclination 倾角；斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的；可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取；可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的)；不一致(的) increase 递增；增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独立；自变independent equations 独立方程independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量；独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数；未定系数indeterminate form 待定型；不定型index,indices 指数；指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inequality 不等式；不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性；惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite 无限；无穷infinite dimensional 无限维infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列；无穷序列infinite series 无限级数；无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小；无穷小infinity 无限(大)；无穷(大)inflection (inflexion) point 拐点；转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件；初值条件initial point 始点；起点initial side 始边initial value 初值；始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积；积分；......的积分integrating factor 积分因子integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法；换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作用intercept 截距；截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisectorinternal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集；(2)相交；(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计；区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效；无效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的；(2)不变量；不变式inverse 反的；逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数；逆函数inverse cosine function 反三角函数inverse function 反函数；逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射；逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例；逆比例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分)；逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三角形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration 迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法jet propulsion 喷气推进joint variation 联变(分)；连变(分)kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known 己知L.H.S. 末项L Hospital s rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理Lami s law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; 首通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; 首通径law 律；定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律；指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；最低公倍式least value 最小值left hand limit 左方极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter 文字；字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗牛线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最大静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线；行line of action 作用力线line of best-fitline of greatest slopeline of intersectionline segment 线段linear 线性；一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程；一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程；二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式；线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子local maximum 局部极大(值)local minimum 局部极小(值)locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论；逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本；亏蚀loss per cent 赔率；亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数machine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量；数量；长度；大小major arc 优弧；大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形；大扇形major segment 优弓形；大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数；对数的定值部many to one 多个对一个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映入map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值)；平均数；中数mean deviation 中均差；平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数；(2)meet 相交；相遇mensuration 计量；求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法；换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minor arc 劣弧；小弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant 子行列式minor sector 劣扇形；小扇形minor segment 劣弓形；小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数)moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)力臂moment of a force 力矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple angle 倍角multiple-angle formula 倍角公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数；乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular linesn factorial n阶乘n th derivative n阶导数n th root n次根；n次方根n the root of unity 单位的n次根Napierian logarithm 纳皮尔对数; 自然对数natural logarithm 自然对数natural number 自然数natural surjection 自然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负角negative binomial distribution 负二项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数negative vector 负向量; 负矢量neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)net force 净力Newton-Cote s rule 牛顿 - 高斯法则Newton-Raphson s method 牛顿 - 纳逊方法Newton s formula 牛顿公式Newton s law of motion 牛顿运动定律Newton s method 牛顿方法n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinearnon-commutative 非交换的non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的。
高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表
高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表以下是高等数学中常用术语的中英文对照一览表：中文术语英文术语极限 Limit连续 Continuity导数 Derivative可导性 Derivability不可导点 Non-derivable point原函数 Antiderivative function不定积分 Indefinite integral定积分 Definite integral微分 Differential偏导数 Partial derivative全微分 Total differential高阶导数 High-order derivative洛必达法则 L'Hospital's rule泰勒级数 Taylor series无穷小量 Infinitesimal quantity无穷大量 Infinity收敛性 Convergence发散性 Divergence积分中值定理 Integral mean value theorem 零点定理 Zero point theorem介值定理 Intermediate value theorem函数的单调性 Monotonicity of function函数的凹凸性 Concavity/convexity of function 函数的极值 Extreme value of function函数的拐点 Inflection point of function函数的渐近线 Asymptote of function矩阵 Matrix行列式 Determinant线性方程组 Linear system of equations线性代数 Linear algebra二次型 Quadratic form特征值与特征向量 Eigenvalue and eigenvector 正交矩阵 Orthogonal matrix向量空间 Vector space线性变换 Linear transformation向量的模长 Length of vector向量的点积 Dot product of vectors 向量的叉积 Cross product of vectors。
高等数学名词(中英文对照)
高等数学名词(中英文)第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit 集合set 元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection 差集difference of set基本集basic set 补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval 闭区间closed interval 半开区间half open interval 有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval邻域neighborhood邻域的中心centre of a neighborhood 邻域的半径radius of a neighborhood 左邻域left neighborhood右邻域right neighborhood映射mappingX 到Y 的映射mapping of X onto Y 满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable 因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function 对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function 常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列sequence of number收敛convergence收敛于converge to发散divergent极限的唯一性uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性boundedness of a convergent sequence子列subsequence函数的极限limits of functions函数当x 趋于x0 时的极限limit of functions as x approaches x0左极限left limit右极限right limit单侧极限one-sided limits水平渐近线horizontal asymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线vertical asymptote夹逼准则squeeze rule单调数列monotonic sequence高阶无穷小infinitesimal of higher order 低阶无穷小infinitesimal of lower order 同阶无穷小infinitesimal of the same order 等阶无穷小equivalent infinitesimal 函数的连续性continuity of a function增量increment函数在x0 连续the function is continuous at x0左连续left continuous右连续right continuous区间上的连续函数continuous function函数在该区间上连续function is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero-point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度velocity匀速运动uniform motion平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity圆的切线tangent line of a circle切线tangent line切线的斜率slope of the tangent line位置函数position function导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problem of the change rate of a function导函数derived function左导数left-hand derivative右导数right-hand derivative单侧导数one-sided derivatives在闭区间[a, b] 上可导is derivable on the closed interval [a,b]切线方程tangent equation角速度angular velocity成本函数cost function边际成本marginal cost链式法则chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error 绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 Mean Value Theorem ofDifferentials and the Application ofDerivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point 临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem 洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0 型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0 不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem 泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, concave up凹向下的，向上凸的concave downward’ concave down拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) maximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(anti-derivative)积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts 有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on an intervals牛顿－莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式fundamental formula of calculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral 反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a plane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation 旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of a curve可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector三角法则triangle rule 平行四边形法则parallelogram rule 交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a 与b 的夹角angle between vector a and b方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积，外积，叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis 圆锥面cone 顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface 椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet 双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets 旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution 椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid 旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution 双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid 马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder 双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder 抛物柱面parabolic cylinder 空间曲线spacecurve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve螺转线spiral 螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a line in space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes 行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set 连通集connected set 开区域open region 闭区域closed region 有界集bounded set 无界集unbounded setn 维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point 一致连续uniformly continuous 偏导数partial derivative对自变量x 的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order 二阶偏导数second order partial derivative 混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative 全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential 全增量total increment 可微分differentiable 必要条件necessary condition 充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable 隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation 向量值函数vector-valued function 切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient 数量场scalar field 梯度场gradient field 向量场vector field 势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values 条件极值conditional extreme values 拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method 拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier 经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system反常二重积分improper double integral曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line (Curve) Integrals andSurface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region 复连通区域complex connected region 格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area 有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula 拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator 格林第一公式Green’s first formula 通量flux散度divergence 斯托克斯公式Stokes formula 环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term 部分和partial sum 余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio 调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence 正项级数series of positive terms 达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test 交错级数alternating series 绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product 函数项级数series of functions 发散点point of divergence 收敛点pointof convergence 收敛域convergence domain 和函数sumfunction幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem 收敛半径radius of convergence 收敛区间interval of convergence 泰勒级数Taylor series 麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series 二项展开式binomial expansion 近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error 欧拉公式Euler’s formula 魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test 三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave 谐波分析harmonic analysis 直流分量direct component 基波fundamental wave 二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system 傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient 傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series 余弦级数cosine series 奇延拓oddprolongation 偶延拓evenprolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation 解微分方程solve a differential equation 常微分方程ordinary differential equation 偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE 微分方程的阶order of a differential equation 微分方程的解solution of a differential equation 微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation隐式解implicit solution 隐式通解inplicit general solution 衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation 一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order 非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation 非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法method of variation of constant 暂态电流transient state current 稳态电流steady state current 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 全微分方程total differential equation 积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linear differential equation of higher order 自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order lineardifferential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independence 二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping 固有频率natural frequency 简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation 幂级数解法power series solution 数值解法numerial solution 勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations 常系数线性微分方程组system of linear differential equations with constant coefficie。
数学术语英文对照表
数学术语英文对照表在学习数学时，不可避免地需要掌握一些数学术语。
下面是一些常见的数学术语的中英文对照表：1. 数学 Mathematics2. 数学符号 Mathematical symbol3. 数字 Digit4. 字符 Character5. 算术 Arithmetic6. 代数 Algebra7. 几何 Geometry8. 统计学 Statistics9. 概率 Probability10. 三角学 Trigonometry11. 微积分 Calculus12. 矩阵 Matrix13. 向量 Vector14. 线性代数 Linear algebra15. 数学模型 Mathematical model16. 方程 Equation17. 垂直 Perpendicular18. 平行 Parallel19. 正比例 Direct proportion20. 反比例 Inverse proportion21. 旋转 Rotation22. 缩放 Scaling23. 变形 Deformation24. 函数 Function25. 极限 Limit26. 微分 Differential27. 积分 Integral28. 中心 Central29. 对称 Symmetry30. 相似 Similarity31. 等式 Equality32. 不等式 Inequality33. 方形 Rectangle34. 正方形 Square35. 圆 Circle36. 椭圆 Ellipse37. 球球体 Sphere38. 三角形 Triangle39. 直角三角形 Right triangle40. 等腰三角形 Isosceles triangle41. 等边三角形 Equilateral triangle42. 直线 Line43. 射线 Ray44. 线段 Line segment45. 弧 Arc46. 正弦 Sine47. 余弦 Cosine48. 正切 Tangent49. 余切 Cotangent50. 弦 Chord总之，数学术语是数学学习的基础，掌握数学术语对于提高数学能力以及学好数学至关重要。
数学术语英文对照表
数学术语英文对照表数学是一门具有广泛应用的科学，其术语涉及面广，且大部分都是英文。
因此，了解数学术语的英文对照表对于学习和应用数学都非常重要。
以下是数学术语英文对照表：1. 加法（Addition）：指两个或多个数相加的操作。
2. 减法（Subtraction）：指从一个数中减去另一个数的操作。
3. 乘法（Multiplication）：指两个或多个数相乘的操作。
4. 除法（Division）：指将一个数分成几个相等的部分的操作。
5. 平方（Square）：指一个数乘以自己的操作。
6. 立方（Cube）：指一个数乘以自己两次的操作。
7. 根号（Square Root）：指一个数的平方根，即乘以自己等于该数的数。
8. 对数（Logarithm）：指以某个数为底的幂的指数。
9. 指数（Exponent）：指一个数的幂，即该数自乘若干次的结果。
10. 分数（Fraction）：指一个数被另一个数除以的结果。
11. 百分数（Percentage）：指一个数乘以100的结果。
12. 四则运算（Arithmetic）：指加、减、乘、除四种基本运算。
13. 代数（Algebra）：指使用字母和符号来表示数学问题的分支学科。
14. 几何（Geometry）：指研究空间中点、线、面等几何图形的学科。
15. 概率（Probability）：指描述事件发生可能性的数学分支。
16. 统计（Statistics）：指收集、整理、分析数据的学科。
17. 微积分（Calculus）：指研究变化和运动的学科。
18. 矩阵（Matrix）：指由数列或数表排成的矩形阵列。
19. 向量（Vector）：指具有大小和方向的量。
20. 微分方程（Differential Equation）：指包含未知函数及其导数的方程。
以上是数学术语英文对照表的部分内容。
掌握这些术语的英文对照是理解数学概念和应用数学的基础。
在学习数学的过程中，我们还需要掌握一些基本的数学符号，如加号（+）、减号（-）、乘号（×或·）、除号（÷或/）、等于号（=）、大于号（>）、小于号（<）、左括号（(）、右括号（)）、逗号（,）、小数点（.）等。
高中数学术语(中英文)
几何-坐标
arm /leg直角三角形的直角边 hypotenuse 斜边 included side 夹边 Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理 median（三角形的）中线 base底边，底数 opposite 直角三角形中的对边 vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点 midpoint 中点 endpoint 端点 coordinate system 坐标系 Rectangular/Cartesian coordinate 直 角坐标系 origin 原点 abscissa 横坐标 ordinate 纵坐标 number line 数轴 quadrant 象限 slope 斜率 transversal 截线 intercept 截距
代数-方程,集合,数列等
algebraic term 代数项 like terms, similar terms 同类项 numerical coefficient 数字系数 literal coefficient 字母系数 inequality 不等式 triangle inequality 三角不等式 domain 定义域 range 值域 original equation 原方程 approximate 近似 (counter) clockwise (逆) 顺时针方 向 direct proportion 正比 reverse proportion 反比 parentheses 园括号 Bracket 中括号 Curly brace/curved bracket 花括号 proportion 等比例
代数-基本数Βιβλιοθήκη 概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值 weighted average 加权平均值 geometric mean 几何平均数 exponent 指数 base 底数,底边 cube 立方数，立方体 square root 平方根 cubic root 立方根 common logarithm 常用对数 cardinal 基数 ordinal 序数 constant 常数 variable 变量 inverse function 反函数 linear 一次的，线性的 factorization 因式分解 absolute value 绝对值 round to/off ,to the nearest 四舍五入 difference 差 product 积 quotient 商 divisor 除数 Dividend 被除数 remainder 余数
数学中英文词汇对照表
数学中英文词汇对照表第一篇：数学中英文词汇对照表集合 set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers 自然数集 the set of all natural numbers 整数集 the set of all positive integers 有理数集 the set of all rational numbers 实数集the set of all real numbers 元素 element 属于 belong to不属于 not belong to 有限集 finite set 无限集 infinite set 空集empty set 包含 inclusion ,include 包含于 lie in 子集 subset 真子集proper subset 补集（余集）complementary set 全集 universe 交集 intersection 偶数集 the set of all even numbers 奇数集 the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式 one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑 logic 逻辑联结词 logical connective 或 or 且 and 非 not 真 true 假 false 真值表truth table 原命题original proposition 逆命题converse proposition 否命题negative proposition 逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition 必要条件necessary condition ……的充要条件是………if and only if… 函数function 自变量argument 定义域domain 值域range 区间interval 闭区间closed interval 开区间open interval 函数的图像graph of function 映射mapping 象image 原象inverse image 单调monotone 增函数increasing function 减函数 decreasing function 单调区间 monotone interval 反函数inverse function 指数exponent N次方根nth root 根式radical 根指数radical exponent 被开方数radicand 指数函数exponential function 对数logarithm 常用对数common logarithm 自然对数natural logarithm 对数函数logarithmic function 数列sequence of number 项term 通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数列infinitesequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula 等差数列arithmetic progression 公差arithmetic series 等差中项common difference 等比中项arithmetic mean 等比数列geometric progression, geometric series 公比common ratio 等比中项geometric mean 三角函数 trigonometric function 始边 initial side 终边 terminal side 正角 positive angle 负角 negative angle 零角zero angel 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制radian measure 角度制degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割cosecant 诱导公式induction formula 正弦曲线sine curve 余弦曲线cosine curve 最大值maximum 最小值minimum 周期period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function 振幅amplitude of vibration 频率frequency 相位 phase 初相 initial phase 反正弦 arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 有向线段directed line segment 向量 vector零向量zero vector 单位向量unit vector 平行向量parallel vectors 相等向量 equal vectors 共线向量 collinear vectors 实数与向量的积multiplication of vector by scalar 基底base 数量积translation 正弦定理 inner product 余弦定理 sine theorem 算术平均数arithmetic mean 几何平均数method of compare 比较法method of compare 综合法 method of synthesis 分析法 method of analysis 倾斜角 gradient 斜率 point slope form 点斜式 gradient intercept form 截距general form 斜截式included angle 两点式two-point form 一般式 general form 夹角included angle 线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function 可行域 feasible region 最优解 optimal solution 曲线curve 坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿 Descartes 标准方程 standard equation 一般方程general equation 参数方程 parameter equation 参数 parameter 圆锥曲线 point conic 椭圆 ellipse 焦点 focus, focal points 焦距 focallength 长轴 major axis 短轴 minor axis 离心率 eccentricity 双曲线hyperbola 实轴real axis 虚轴imaginary axis 渐近线asymptote 抛物线parabola 准线 directrix 直线 line 平面 plane 几何体 geometric solid 平面图形plane figure 立体图形slid figure 相交直线intersecting lines 平行直线 parallel lines 异面直线 skew lines 垂线perpendicular line 垂足foot of a oblique line 垂线段perpendicular line segment 公垂线 common perpendicular line 公垂线段 common perpendicular segment 垂面 perpendicular plane 射影 projection 斜线 oblique line 斜足foot of a oblique line 斜线段 oblique line segment 半平面 semi-plane 二面角 dihedral angle 平面角 plane angle 直二面角 right dihedral angle 棱柱 prism 底面base 顶点 vertex 面 face 棱 edge 侧面 lateral face 侧棱 lateral edge 斜棱柱 oblique prism 直棱柱 right prism 正棱柱 regular prism 平行六面体 parallelepiped 长方体 rectangular prism 正方体 cube 棱锥pyramid 正棱锥regular pyramid 多面体polyhedron 凸多面体convex polyhedron 正多面体regular polyhedron 简单多面体simple polyhedron 球 solid sphere, spheroid 球心 center of a solid sphere 球面 sphere 分类计数原理 classified enumeration principle 分步计数原理 fractional enumeration principle 排列 arrangement, permutation 排列数number of arrangements 全排列total arrangement 阶乘 factorial 组合 combination 组合数 number of combination 二项式定理binomial theorem 二项式系数binomial coefficient 二项式展开式binomial expansion 必然事件certain event 不可能事件 impossible event 随机事件 random event 试验trial 频率frequency 等可能事件equiprobability event 基本事件elementary event 概率 probability 互斥事件 exclusive events 对立事件 complementary events相互独立事件mutually independent events 独立重复试验independent repeated trials 概率 probability 统计 statistics 随机变量 random variable 离散型随机变量discrete random variable 概率分布probability distribution 分布列distribution series 数学期望mathematical expectation 方差variance 标准差standard deviation 抽样方法sampling method 简单随机抽样simple random sampling 系统抽样systematic sampling 总体分布population sampling 估计estimation 正态分布normal distribution 标准正态分布 standard normal distribution 线性回归linear regression 相关 correlation 回归分析 regression analysis 散点图 scatter diagram 回归直线 regression straight line 线性回归分析 liner regression analysis 相关系数 correlation coefficient 假设检验 hypothesis testing 归纳法 induction 数学归纳法 mathematical induction 完全归纳法complete induction 不完全归纳法incomplete induction 极限 limit 无穷大 infinitely great 无穷等比数列 infinite geometric sequence 左极限 left limit 右极限 right limit 连续（的）continuous 连续函数continuous function 导数derivative 可导的differentiable 变化率rate of change 导函数derived function 复合函数 composite function 极大值 maximum value 极小值minimum value 极值extreme value 虚数单位imaginary unit 复数complex number 复数集set of complex numbers 虚数imaginary number 纯虚数 purely imaginary number 复数的代数形式 algebraic form of complex number 实部 real part 虚部imaginary part 复平面complex plane 实轴real axis 虚轴imaginary axis 模modulus 辐角argument 复数的三角形式trigonometric form of complex number 棣莫弗公式De Moivre’s Formula 分式fraction 通分changing fractions to a common denominator 约分 reduction of a fraction 分式方程fractional equation 反比例函数inverse proportional function 双曲线 hyperbola 定理 theorem 平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle 菱形rhombus 正方形square 梯形trapezium 等腰梯形 isosceles trapezium 重心 barycenter 加权平均数weighted average 权weight 中位数median 众数mode 极差range 方差 variance 平面图形 plane figure 展开图 net 体 solid 面surface 线 line 点 point 相交 intersection 交点 point of intersection 中点 center 距离 distance 角 angle 度 degree 角的平分线 angular bisector 余角complementary angle 补角补角supplementary angle第二篇：重要历史词汇中英文对照表重要历史词汇中英文对照表作者：陈亮重要词汇中英文对照表马可·波罗Marco Polo达·迦马Vasco Da Gama麦哲伦Ferdinand Magellan印第安人Indian乔托米开朗琪罗拉菲尔马基雅维利塞万提斯伽利略中世纪哥伦布商业革命殖民主义奴隶贸易文艺复兴人文主义但丁达·芬奇莎士比亚哥白尼宗教改革马丁·路德闵采尔胡格诺派加尔文派亨利八世圈地运动都铎王朝斯图亚特王朝詹姆士一世查理一世英国国教清教徒克伦威尔护国公查理二世詹姆士二世GiottoBuonarroti Michelangelo Raphael Niccolò MachiavelliMiguel de CervantesGalileoMedieval PeriodChristopher Columbus Commercial Revolution colonialismslave trade Renaissance humanismDanteLeonardo da Vinci William Shakespeare Nicolaus Copernicus The Reformation Martin Luther Thomas Müntzer Huguenots CalvinistsHenry Ⅷenclosure movement House of Tudor House of Stuart James ⅠCharles Ⅰthe Anglican Church PuritanOliver Cromwell Lord Protector Charles ⅡJames Ⅱ辉格党托利党光荣革命《权利法案》君主立宪制波旁王朝哈布斯堡王朝重商主义路易十四WhigToryGlorious RevolutionBill of Rights Constitutional Monarchy House of Bourbon House of Habsburg mercantilismLouis ⅩⅣ彼得大帝腓特烈二世凡尔赛宫约瑟夫二世开明专制英国东印度公司《航海条例》七年战争启蒙运动霍布斯洛克伏尔泰孟德斯鸠卢梭狄德罗百科全书派第三等级路易十六三级会议国民议会制宪议会巴士底监狱法国大革命《人权宣言》、Peter the GreatFrederick ⅡThe Palace of VersaillesJoseph Ⅱenlightened despotismBritish East India Company Navigation ActsSeven Years’ WarEnlightenmentThomas HobbesJohn LockeVoltaireCharles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu Jean Jacques RousseauDenis DiderotEncyclopediststhe Third EstateLouis ⅩⅥthe Estate-GeneralNational AssemblyConstituent Assemblythe BastilleFrench RevolutionDeclaration of the Rights of Man andof the Citizen雅各宾派the Jacobins罗伯斯庇尔Maximilien de Robespierre 热月政变督政府雾月政变拿破仑执政府法兰西第一帝国《拿破仑法典》滑铁卢战役杰斐逊富兰克林《常识》大陆会议乔治·华盛顿《独立宣言》杜桑·卢维杜尔伊达尔哥玻利瓦尔圣马丁幕府武士锁国令丰臣秀吉巴布尔莫卧儿帝国阿克巴工业革命飞梭珍妮纺纱机骡机水力织布机瓦特富尔顿史蒂芬孙蒸汽时代亚当·斯密Thermidorian ReactionDirectory GovernmentCoup d' Etat of BrumaireNapoleon Bonapartethe Consulatethe First French Empirethe Code NapoleonBattle of WaterlooThomas JeffersonBenjamin FranklinCommon SenseThe Continental CongressGeorge WashingtonDeclaration of Independence Toussaint-Louverture Miguel Hidalgo y CostillaSimón BolívarJosé de San MartínShogunatesamuraiSedusion OrdersToyotomi Hideyoshi Baberthe Mughal Empire AkbarIndustrial Revolution flying-shuttle spinning-jenny spinning-mulewater-frameJames WattRobert Fulton George Stephenson the Age of Steam Adam Smith《国富论》The Wealth of Nations 维也纳会议the Congress of Vienna 维也纳体系Vienna System神圣同盟Holy Alliance四国同盟（1813）Quadruple Alliance卢德运动Luddite movement马克思Karl Marx恩格斯Friedrich Engels《共产党宣言》The Communist Manifesto 共产主义者同盟科学社会主义马克思主义国际工人协会第一国际巴黎公社西进运动自由州蓄奴州《宅地法》林肯《解放黑人奴隶宣言》美国内战俾斯麦铁血政策明治维新克里米亚战争奥斯曼帝国巴布教西门子东宫十月革命红军战时共产主义新经济政策非暴力不合作运动（文明不服从运动）甘地Communist LeagueScientific SocialismMarxismInternational Working-men's Association First InternationalCommune of ParisWestward MovementFree StateSlave StateHomestead ActAbraham LincolnEmancipation Proclamation Civil War(U.S.) Otto von BismarchIron and BloodMeiji RestorationCrimean Warthe Ottoman EmpireBābismErnst Werner von Siemens Winter Palace October RevolutionRed ArmyWartime CommunismNew Economic Policycivil disobedienceA.Kemal AtatürkM.K.Gandhi印度国民大会党苏联五年计划巴黎和会三巨头威尔逊十四点Indian National CongressUnion of Socialist Soviet Republics (USSR)J.StalinFive-Year PlanParis Peace ConferenceBig ThreeWoodrow WilsonThe Fourteen Points《凡尔赛和约》国际联盟国际联盟盟约华盛顿会议英联邦自治领法西斯党马克道威斯计划《洛迦诺公约》大危机新政富兰克林·罗斯福《国家工业复兴法》德国民族社会主义纳粹希特勒国会纵火案西班牙内战国际纵队美国的中立法《反共产国际协定》轴心国绥靖政策慕尼黑协定慕尼黑阴谋《苏德互不侵犯条约》闪击战东方战线马奇诺防线自由法国戴高乐不列颠之战Treaty of VersaillesThe League of NationsCovenant of the League of NationsWashington Conferencethe British Commonwealth of Nations Self Governing DominionFascist PartyMarkDawes PlanLocarno PactThe Great DepressionNew DealF.D.RooseveltThe National Industrial Recovery Acts Nation Socialist Workers’PartyNaziAdolf HitlerReichstag FireSpanish Civil WarInternational BrigadesAmerican Neutrality ActsAnti-Comintern PactAxis PowersPolicy of AppeasementThe Munich AgreementMunich schemeTreaty of Non-AggressionBetween Soviet Union and GermanyBlitzkriegEastern FrontMaginot LineFree FrenchCharles de GaulleBattle of Britain丘吉尔Winston Churchill珍珠港Pearl Harbour《大西洋宪章》Atlantic Charter《联合国家宣言》Declaration by Union Nations 中途岛Midway Island诺曼底Normandy开罗会议Cairo Conference《开罗宣言》Cairo Declaration德黑兰会议雅尔塔会议《波茨坦公告》杜鲁门《联合国宪章》联合国大会安理会冷战马歇尔计划北大西洋公约组织华沙条约组织德意志联邦共和国德意志民主共和国柏林墙越南战争朝鲜战争欧洲共同体欧洲煤钢联营欧洲经济共同体欧洲原子能联营马丁·路德·金民权运动越南民主共和国古巴导弹危机中东战争Teheran ConferenceYalta ConferenceThe Potsdam ProclamationHarry S.TrumanCharter of the United NationsThe General Assembly of the United NationsThe Security CouncilCold WarThe Marshall PlanThe North Atlantic TreatyOrganization(NATO)The Warsaw Pact OrganizationGerman Federal RepublicGerman Democratic RepublicBerlin WallVietnam WarKorean WarEuropean CommunitiesEuropean Coal and Steel Community European Economic CommunityEuropean Atomic Energy Community Martin Luther King, Jr.Civil Rights MovementThe Democratic Republic of Vietnam Cuban Missile CrisisMiddle East War尼赫鲁J.Nehru巴勒斯坦Palestine自由军官组织Free Officer's Organization亚非会议The Afro-Asian Conference不结盟运动Non-Aligned Movement第三世界the Third World纳米比亚Namibia77国集团Group of 77石油输出国组织Organization of Petroleum Exporting 戈尔巴乔夫白俄罗斯俄罗斯联邦独立国家联合体欧洲联盟霸权主义《全面禁止核试验条约》经济全球化亚太经济合作组织知识经济可持续发展存在主义汤因比经济学凯恩斯未来学萧伯纳海明威毕加索爵士乐摇滚乐好莱坞卓别林Countries(OPEC)GorbachevByelorussiaThe Russian Federation Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)European UnionhegemonismComprehensiveNuclear-Test-Ban Treatyeconomic globalizationAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)knowledge economysustainable development existentialismA.J.T oynbeeeconomicsJ.M.KeynesfuturologyG.B.ShawE.HemingwayP.Picassojazzrock and rollHollywoodC.Chaplin第三篇：管理学—应用词汇中英文对照表蔚海蓝天管理学词汇中英文对照Accountability 责任感Achievement-oriented leadership 成就取向型领导Activity ratio 活动比率Adaptive organization(horizontal corporation)自适应组织Administrative management 行政管理Affiliation needs 归属的需要Aggregate planning 综合计划Alternative courses of action 可供选择的行动Artifacts 人工环境Assessment center 评价中心Assets 资产Attitudes 态度Authority 职权Autonomy 自治Balance sheet 资产负债表BCG matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵Behavior modification 行为修正Behavioral approach 行为法Behavioral decision model 行为决策模型Boundary-spanning roles 跨界角色Bounded rationality 有限理性Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Breakeven analysis 头脑风暴法Budgets 预算Bureaucratic control 官僚控制Bureaucratic management 官僚管理Business ethics 商业道德Business portfolio matrix 商业资产组合矩阵 Business strategy 商业策略Cash cows 金钱牛Chain of command 指挥链Changing 变革Charismatic authority 魅力权威模式Classical perspective 古典管理理论Closed system 封闭系统Code of ethics 伦理规范Coercive power 强制力Cohesiveness 凝聚力Communication 沟通Communication network 沟通网Compensation 报酬Competitive advantage 竞争优势Computer-aided software engineering(CASE)计算机辅助设计Conceptual skill 概念能力Concurrent control 并行控制Constraints 强制，约束Contingency approaches 随即制宜法Contingency perspective 权变观Contingency planning 随即计划Continuous schedule of reinforcement 连续性奖励Continuous-flow production system 连续生产系统controlling 控制职能Controls 控制Corporate social responsibility 公司社会责任Corporate strategy 公司战略Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略Current assets 流动资产Current liabilities 流动负债Customer divisional structure 消费者多样化结构Data 数据Debt ratios 负债比率Decision making 决策Decision support system(DSS)决策制定系统Decision tree 决策树(体系)Decision varialbes 决策变量decisional roles 决策角色Decoding 解码Delegation 授权Delphi technique 魔鬼提倡法Devil's advocacy 唱反调的人Dialectical inquiry 辩证探求法Differention strategy 差异化战略Directive leadership 指示领导Diversity 多样化Divisional structure 部门是结构Dogs 瘦狗Downward communication 下行沟通Dynamic network 动态网络Economic feasibility 经济可行性Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率Electronic data interchange(EDI)EDI电子数据交换Electronic funds transfer(EFT)电子资金转换Electronic mail(e-mail)电子邮件Employee assistance programs(EAPs)员工辅助项目顾问Employee-centered work redesign 员工工作再设计Employment test 就业测试Empowering employees 职工授权Encoding 编码End users 终极用户Entropy 衰退趋势Escalation of commitment 递增效忠Esteem needs 尊重的需要Ethical behavior 道德表现Ethical dilemma 伦理困境Ethics 伦理Expectancy 期望Expected monetary value(EMV)预期货币价值Expected value 预期价值Expert power 专家权力Expert system 专家系统External communication 外部环境External customer 外部顾客External forces 外部力量Extinction 废止Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback 反馈Feedback(corrective)control 反馈校正控制 Feedback controls 反馈控制Feedforward(preventive)control 前馈预防控制Feedforward controls 前馈控制Fixed assets 固定资产Fixed-interval schedule 定时给奖Fixed-position layout 定位式布置Fixed-ratio schedule 定比给奖Focus strategy 集中战略Force-field analysis 立场分析Formal groups 正式群体Functional manager 职能管理者Functional strategy 职能管理者Functional structure 职能式战略GE matrix 职能式结构General environment 一般环境General manager 总经理Generic strategies 一般性策略Geographic divisional structure 全球多样化战略Global strategy 全球化战略Goal setting 目标结构Goals 目标Grand strategy 主战略Grapevine 藤状网络式沟通Group 群体Groupthink 群体思想Groupware 群件Halo-and-horn effect 月晕效应Hawthorne effect 关注作用Human resource information systems(HRISs)人力资源信息系统Human resource management 人力资源管理 Human resource planning 人力资源计划Human rights approach 人权方法Human skills 人工技巧Hybrid layout 混合式布置Hygiene factors 保健因素hyperchange 极度改变Income statement 损益表Informal groups 非正式群体Information 信息Information overload 信息过量Information power 信息权力Information technology 信息技术Informational roles 信息角色Inputs 投入Instrumental values 工具价值Instrumentality 媒介;工具;手段Intangible costs 无形成本Integrating mechanisms 结合机制Interdependence 互相依赖Internal customer 内部顾客Internal forces 内力Internal network 内部网络Interpersonal roles 人际交往能力Intuition 直觉Jargon 行话Job analysis 工作分析;工种分析Job depth 工作深度Job description 工作说明Job description 工作说明Job design 工作设计Job enlargement 工作扩大化Job enrichment 工作丰富化Jobrotation 岗位轮换Job satisfaction 工作满意Job scope 工作丰富化Job specifications 工作规范;操作规程Job-shop production system 职务专业化Justice approach 公正合理观Just-in-time(JIT)inventory management 及时存货系统Labor-management relations 劳工管理关系Language systems and metaphors 语言习惯Lateral communication 横向沟通Law of effect 效应法则Law of requisite variety 必要多样性定律Leadership 领导Leadership substitutes 领导替代leading 领导Least preferred coworker(LPC)scale 最不喜欢的同事Legitimate power 法定权利Liabilities 负债Line personnel 线形人事管理Liquidity ratios 流动率Local-area network(LAN)局域网Locus of control 控制点Locus of decision making 局域网Long-term liabilities 长期债务Machiavellian personality 马基雅弗利人格理论Management 管理Management by exception 例外管理Management by objectives(MBO)目标管理责任制Management information system(MIS)信息管理系统Managers 经理Master production schedule 主生产排程Matket growth rate 市场增长率Matrix structure 矩阵结构Mechanistic systems 机械式组织Medium 载体Messages 消息Motivation 激励Motivator factors 激励因素Multidomestic strategy 多元化策略Myths 虚构的故事Need for achievement 成就需要Negative reinforcement 消极强化Network structure 网络结构Noise 噪声Nominal group technique(NGT)名义群体技术Nonprogrammed decision 非程序化决策Nonverbalcommunicationa 非语言沟通Norms 标准;规范;典范;限额Objectives 目标Objectives function 目标函数Open system 开放系统Operational feasibility 造作可行性Operational plan 作业计划Operational planing 作业计划职能Opportunity 机遇Oral communication 口头交流Organic(clan)control 有机控制Organic system 有机系统organization 组织安排Organizational change 组织变革Organizational control 组织控制Organizational culture 组织文化Organizational design 住址决策Organizational development(OD)组织发展Organizational feasibility 组织可行性Organizational mission 组织使命Organizational structure 组织结构Organizing 组织Orientation 定位Outputs 产出Owner's equity 所有者权益Partial schedule of reinforcement 间断性奖励Participative leadership 参与型领导Participative management 参与管理Path-goal model 途径-目标模型Payoff table 决定(因素)表;结算表;成果表Payoffs 发工资Performance appraisal 绩效考评Personality 性格PERT(program Evaluation and review technique)计划审评技术Physiological needs 生理的需要Plan 计划planning 计划,部署Policies 政策Pooled interdependence 共有相互依存Positive reinforcement 正强化Power 权利Problem 问题Procedures 程序Process consultation 过程咨询Process layout 工艺式布置Product divisional structure 生产部门式结构 Product layout 产品式布置Productivity 生产力Profitability ratios 收益比率Programmed decision 程序化决策Programs 规划Project production system 工程生产系统Projects 项目Protected class 受保护一类Punishment 惩罚Quality assurance 质量保证Quality circle QC小组Quality control 质量管理;质量控制Quality management 质量管理Question marks 问号Rational-economic decision model 理性经济决策模型Rational-legal authority 法理权威模式Reciprocal interdependence 交互性的互赖性Recruitment 招聘Reengineering 工程再造Referent power 指示权力Refreezing 再冻结阶段Relationship orientation 关系导向Relationship-orientation roles 关系导向角色Relative market share 相关市场份额Repetitive, assembly-line, or mass-production system 重复性、流水线、大量生产系统Responsibility 职责Restraining forces 阻力Reward power 奖励权力Rites 仪式Robotics 机器人技术Roles 任务，角色Rules 规则Satisficing 满意性Scalar principle 等级原则Schedules of reinforcement 强化时间表Scientific management 科学管理Security needs 安全的需要Selection 选拔Selective perception 选择性理解Self-actualization needs 自我实现需要Self-esteem 自尊Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-management teams 自我管理小组Self-monitoring 自我控制Self-oriented roles 自我取向角色Sequential interdependence 顺序式互赖Sexual harassment 性骚扰Single-use plans 一次性计划Skill vareity 多种技能SLT model 情境领导模型Social context 社会关联性Span of control 控制幅度，管理幅度Special-purpose team 特殊目标小组Stable environment 环境稳定Stable network 稳固网络Staff personnel 员工人事管理Staffing 人员雇佣；职工配备Stakeholders 利益相关者Standing plans 长设计划Stars 明星States of nature 自然状态Stereotyping 典型化Stories 事迹Strategic analysis 战略分析Strategic control 战略控制Strategic decision-making matrix 战略决策矩阵Strategic goals 战略目标Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic plan 战略计划Strategic planning 战略计划职能Strategic planning 战略计划职能Strategy formulation 战略制定Strategy Implementation 战略实施Supportive leadership 支持型领导Survey feedback 调查反馈Synergy 共同作用Systems analysis 系统分析Systems development life cycle(SDLC)发展周期系统Tangible costs 可收回成本Task environment 任务环境Task identity 任务说明Task orientation 任务导向型Task significance 任务重要性Task-oriented roles 任务导向型角色Team building 团队建设Technical feasibility 技术可行性Technical skills 技术技能Telecommuting 远程办公Terminal values 终极价值Theory X(管理)X理论Theory Y(管理)Y理论Theory Z(管理)Z理论Total quality management(TQM)TQM全面质量管理Total quality management(TQM)TQM全面质量管理Traditional authority 传统权威模式Training 培训Trait approach 特征途径Transactional leadership 执行性领导Transformation process 变革过程Turbulent environments 动荡环境Type A orientation A 型意向者Type B orientation B型意向者Unfreezing 解冻Unity of command 统一指挥Upward communication 上行沟通Utility approach 功利主义观Valence 效价Validity 效度Values 价值Variable-ratio schedule 变动比率增时制Variance reporting 视频会议Videoconferencing 视频会议Vigilance 警戒Whistleblower 揭发Wide-area network(WAN)局域网Written communication 笔头交流第四篇：铁路专业部分常用词汇中英文对照表铁路专业部分常用词汇中英文对照一、职务名词1.路局MD(Managing Director): 总局长DMD(Deputy Managing Director): 副总局长CS（Corporate Secretary）: 公司秘书MPCA（Manager Planning and Corporate Affairs）: 企划部经理CME(Chief Mechanical Engineer)：机辆总工CCE（Chief Civil Engineer）：工务总工FM(Finance Manager)：财务经理MM （Marketing Manager）：市场经理 TM（Traffic Manager）：运输经理 SM（Supplies Manager）：物资经理 SM（Safety Manager）：安全经理HRM（Human Resources Manager）：人事经理HPR （Head Public Relations）：公关部主管HIT（Head Information Technology）：信息部主管 CIA（Chief Internal Auditor）：内审主管 Chief Pension Officer：退休金主管 Chief Controller ：调度长 2.分局、站段及工厂RGM(Regional General Manager): 分局总经理 RME（Regional Mechanical Engineer）：分局机辆总工RCE（Regional Civil Engineer）：分局工务总工S&T(Signaling & Telecommunication)Engineer: 电务（信号与通信）工程师Head Commercial ：商业主管Head Human Resources ：人事主管Chief AdministrationOfficer：行政主管 Area Manager：区域经理WM（Workshop Manager）: 工厂经理 SM（Station Master）：站长Senior Passenger Officer ：客运主管DPC（District Police Commander）: 地区警察指挥官二、部门和组织名词或惯称 Head Office ：路局或总部CRET（Chinese Railway Expert Team）：中国铁路专家协调组Regional Office：分局 Area Office：区域办事处 Workshop：工厂CSP(concrete Sleeper Plant)：轨枕厂 Quarry ：采石场TTC（TAZARA Training Center）：坦赞铁路局培训中心Locomotive Depot：机务段Rolling Stock Depot：车辆段Marshalling Yard：编组场Construction Unit：房建队Board of Directors:董事会 Board Committee：董事会委员会Committee meeting：委员会会议或预备会Council of Ministers: 部长理事会 Union：工会三、设备名称 1.机车Locomotive Mainline/shunting locomotive: 干线/调车机车DFH Locomotive：东方红机车Diesel Engine：柴油机 Traction Motor：牵引电机 Wheel set：轮对 Bogie：转向架Running Part：走行部Axle: 车轴Coupler：车钩Valve：阀Bearing: 轴承Brake shoe：闸瓦Cow Catcher：排障器Vacuum horse：真空软管 Air pipe：风管Control system：控制系统 Battery：蓄电池DE（Diesel Electric）：柴油电传 DH（Diesel Hydraulic）：柴油液传Driver’s Cab：驾驶室 Crank Shaft：曲轴Locomotive failure：机故 2.Wagon：货车DSO（Down Side Open wagon）: 低帮车CDSO(Container Down Side Open wagon): 低帮集装箱货车HSO(High Side Open):高帮车Co(Covered wagon)：棚车F(Flat wagon)：平板车FT(Flat Tank wagon)：平板罐车 JTW(Jumbo Tank wagon)：大型罐车 CF(Container Flat wagon)：集装箱平车 WW(Well Wagon)：井型车 BV(Brake Van)：守车LS(Livestock wagon)：牲畜车 B(Ballast wagon)：石渣车R(Refrigeration wagon)：冷藏车 3.Coach：客车1st Class Coach：一等车厢（软卧）2nd Class Coach：二等车厢（硬卧）3rd Class Coach：三等车厢（硬座）MD’s Coach: 总局长专用车Super Seat：软座车厢Dining/buffet Car：餐车Lounge Car：酒吧车 Luggage Van：行李车 4.其它设备 Gantry crane：龙门吊 Trolley：轨道车 Reversing Gear：换向机构 Rescue crane：救援吊车Re-railing Equipment：复救设备 Forklift：叉车Mobile crane：汽车吊 Air compressor：空压机 Mono block：轮饼 Coupler knuckle：钩舌 Wooden sleeper：木枕Concrete sleeper：混凝土轨枕Bridge sleeper：桥枕Turnout：道岔Semaphore signal：臂板信号机 Interlocking equipment: 联锁设备Semi-automatic block system：半自动闭塞 Head Crane：桥式吊车 Drop Table：落车台Flaw detection machine：探伤仪Triple valve：三通阀Generator：发电机 Shop ：车间Second crusher：二级破碎机四、运输词汇Financial year：财政 Passenger train：客车 Freight train: 货车Commuter train：通勤车 Up train:上行列车 Down train：下行列车 Fuel：燃油Locomotive routing：机车交路Locomotive availability：机车完好率Timetable：时刻表Arrival time：抵达时间 Departure time：出发时间 Freight traffic：货运量Passenger ridership：客运量 Parcel：行包tonne-km：吨公里turnaround time：周转时间 punctuality：正点率 interchange：过轨level crossing：平交道口good shed：货场weighbridge：轨道衡 copper：铜 manganese：锰 coal：煤fertilizer：化肥 timber：木材 maize：玉米wheat flour：面粉 molasses：糖稀 container：集装箱 sulphur：硫磺general cargo：杂货 accident：事故 derail：脱轨 capsize：倾覆五、其它专有名词或短语Ministry of transport: 交通部Immigration office：移民局Exemption: 豁免证/工作许可PS（Permanent Secretary）：常秘cemetery：公墓 Protocol：议定书Concession：特许经营Concessionaire：特许经营者/特许经营单位Manpower position：员工人数 Clearance：清关Shipping documents：海运文件 Bill of Lading: 提货单 Packing List：装箱单 Insurance：保险Commercial Invoice：商务发票 Production meeting：生产交班会 minutes：会议记录MOU（Memorandum of Understanding）：谅解备忘录Invitation letter：邀请函Motor vehicle license: 机动车辆证/上路许可financial statement：财务报表 quarter：季度 Turnover：营业额 Revenue：收入 Expenditure：支出 Pension：退休金 Rates: 费率Freight tariff: 货运价格 Passenger fare：客车票价 Permanent way：工务线路speed restricted area：限速地段 land slide: 滑坡tamping machine：捣固机light/heavy motor trolley: 轻型/重型轨道车ballast：道砟curve: 曲线 culvert：涵洞 tunnel：隧道 gradient: 坡度 gauge：轨距/限界motive power：动力（设备）single locomotive operation：单机牵引MU(multiple unit)operation：多机牵引 axle load：轴重 Cummins：康明斯Transmission type：传动类型 Hydraulic transmission：液力传动 Piston：活塞Air brake: 空气制动Vacuum brake：真空制动H.F.(High Frequency)radio: 高频电台 Microwave：微波 Optic fiber：光纤 Light repair: 小修 Medium repair：中修Rehabilitation/overhaul：大修 Spare part：零配件Kilimanjaro passenger train：乞力马扎罗号客车Mukuba passenger train：姆库巴号客车Compartment：客车包厢 VIP lounge：贵宾室 Control order：调度令 Booking office：售票处第五篇：高中历史重要词汇中英文对照表<历史>重要词汇中英文对照表马可·波罗Marco Polo 达·迦马Vasco Da Gama 麦哲伦Ferdinand Magellan 印第安人Indian 乔托Giotto米开朗琪罗Buonarroti Michelangelo 拉菲尔Raphael马基雅维利Niccolò Machiavelli 塞万提斯Miguel de Cervantes 伽利略Galileo中世纪Medieval Period 哥伦布Christopher Columbus 商业革命Commercial Revolution 殖民主义colonialism 奴隶贸易slave trade 文艺复兴Renaissance 人文主义humanism 但丁Dante达·芬奇Leonardo da Vinci 莎士比亚William Shakespeare 哥白尼Nicolaus Copernicus 宗教改革The Reformation 马丁·路德Martin Luther 闵采尔Thomas Müntzer 胡格诺派Huguenots 加尔文派Calvinists 亨利八世Henry Ⅷ圈地运动enclosure movement 都铎王朝House of Tudor 斯图亚特王朝House of Stuart 詹姆士一世James Ⅰ 查理一世Charles Ⅰ英国国教。
高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表
高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表高等数学是理工科及相关专业中重要的基础学科之一，它涉及了大量的术语和概念。
在学习和理解高等数学的过程中，掌握这些术语的中英文对照是十分重要的。
本文将为您提供一份高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表，帮助您更好地理解和应用这些术语。
1. 集合论 (Set theory)- 集合 (Set)- 元素 (Element)- 子集 (Subset)- 并集 (Union)- 交集 (Intersection)- 补集 (Complement)2. 函数与极限 (Functions and limits)- 函数 (Function)- 定义域 (Domain)- 值域 (Range)- 极限 (Limit)- 连续 (Continuous)- 偏导数 (Partial derivative)- 微分 (Differential)3. 微积分 (Calculus)- 导数 (Derivative)- 积分 (Integral)- 不定积分 (Indefinite integral)- 定积分 (Definite integral)- 曲线的长度 (Arc length)- 曲线的曲率 (Curvature)- 泰勒级数 (Taylor series)4. 微分方程 (Differential equations)- 微分方程 (Differential equation)- 一阶常微分方程 (First-order ordinary differential equation)- 齐次方程 (Homogeneous equation)- 非齐次方程 (Non-homogeneous equation)- 二阶线性常微分方程 (Second-order linear ordinary differential equation)- 高阶常微分方程 (Higher-order ordinary differential equation)5. 线性代数 (Linear algebra)- 行列式 (Determinant)- 向量 (Vector)- 矩阵 (Matrix)- 线性变换 (Linear transformation)- 特征值与特征向量 (Eigenvalue and eigenvector)- 正交 (Orthogonal)- 对称矩阵 (Symmetric matrix)6. 概率论与数理统计 (Probability theory and mathematical statistics) - 概率 (Probability)- 随机变量 (Random variable)- 概率密度函数 (Probability density function)- 累积分布函数 (Cumulative distribution function)- 期望值 (Expectation)- 方差 (Variance)- 正态分布 (Normal distribution)7. 多元函数 (Multivariable functions)- 偏导数 (Partial derivative)- 梯度 (Gradient)- 雅可比矩阵 (Jacobian matrix)- 多元微积分 (Multivariable calculus)- 多元函数积分 (Multiple integrals)- 曲面积分 (Surface integral)- 空间曲线积分 (Line integral in space)8. 级数 (Series)- 级数 (Series)- 收敛 (Convergence)- 绝对收敛 (Absolutely convergence)- 条件收敛 (Conditionally convergence)- 无穷级数 (Infinite series)- 幂级数 (Power series)- 泰勒级数 (Taylor series)以上仅为高等数学中的一小部分常用术语，但对于初学者来说，理解和掌握这些术语是基础的一步。
高中学习数学词汇英文
代数ALGEBRA数naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber数oddinteger,odd number奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber整数consecutivenumber整数realnumber,rationalnumber数,有理数irrational〔number〕无理数inverse倒数compositenumber合数.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15reciprocal倒数commondivisor公数multiple(最小)公倍数⋯primenumber数.2,3,5,7,11,13,15multiple倍数(minimum)common⋯(prime)factor( )因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale, decimalscale十制nonnegative非的tens十位units个位mode众数mean平均数median中commonratio公比根本数学概念arithmeticmean算平均weightedaverage加平均geometricmean几何平均数exponent指数，base乘的底数,底cube立方数，立方体squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用数digit数字constant常数variable量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue，.｜-32｜=32roundoff四舍五入数学根本运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数，利divisor因子，除数，公数quotient商remainder余数factorial乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入代数式，方程，不等式algebraicterm代数liketerms,similarterms同numericalcoefficient数字系数literalcoefficient 不等式range域字母系数inequality不等式triangleinequality三角originalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程linearequation性方程.5x+6=22)分数，小数properfraction真分数improperfraction假分数mixednumber带分数vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分数simplefraction简分数complexfraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator〔最小〕公分母quarter四分之一decimalfraction纯小数infinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位集合union并集propersubset真子集solutionset解集数列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差数列geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometricfunction三角函数unit单位,位几何GEOMETRY角alternateangle内错角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle对顶角centralangle圆心角interiorangle内角exteriorangle外角supplementaryangles补角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle邻角acuteangle锐角obtuseangle钝角rightangle直角roundangle周角straightangle平角includedangle夹角三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角形scalenetriangle不等边三角形isoscelestriangle等腰三角形righttriangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribedtriangle内接三角形3.收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentriccircles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regularpolygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形其它平面图形arc弧line,straightline直线linesegment线段parallellines平行线segmentofacircle弧形立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangularsolid长方体regularsolid/regularpolyhedron 正多面体circularcylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的图形的附属概念planegeometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagoreantheorem勾股定理〔毕达哥拉斯定理〕congruent全等的multilateral多边的altitude高depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surfacearea外表积volume体积arm直角三角形的股crosssection横截面centerofacircle圆心chord弦diameter直径radius半径anglebisector角平分线diagonal对角线化edge棱faceofasolid立体的面hypotenuse斜边includedside 夹边leg三角形的直角边median〔三角形的〕中线base底边，底数〔.2的5次方，2就是底数〕opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距坐标coordinatesystem坐标系rectangularcoordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complexplane复平面8.计量单位cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打〔12个〕score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)参考资料：NationalMathematicalOlympiadinSenior或者说:ChineseMathematicalOlympiadinSenior(也就是CMO的分区联赛)物理方面的，数学不是说那个比较好，我就不找了吧。
(完整word版)数学术语英文对照
代数部分1.有关数学运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数，红利divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radical sign, root sign根号round to四舍五入to the nearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集subset真子集set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程，等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数fraction假分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator 分子denominator分母（least）common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数tenths unit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数function余函数一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数integer，whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational number无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数（least）common multiple(最小)公倍数（prime）factor（质）因子common factor公因子ordinary scale，decimal scale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8. 其它approximate近似（anti）clockwise（逆）顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplementary angles补角complementary angle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line，straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference，perimeter周长radian弧度surface area表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of a circle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数) opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex（复数形式vertices）顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8.其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的其他1.单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel 5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) square measure平方单位制cubic meter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leap year)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表示list price标价markup涨价per capita每人比率retail price零售价tie打。
数学术语英汉对照
数学术语的英汉对照（权威，全面）English Chinese abbreviation 简写符号；简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极大值absolute minimum 绝对极小值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度; 地心加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) （概率）加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 内错弓形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设altitude 高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线；分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of friction 静摩擦角; 极限角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of projection 投射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角angular displacement 角移位angular momentum 角动量angular motion 角运动angular velocity 角速度annum(X% per annum) 年（年利率X%）anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针力矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿氏图argument (1)论证; (2)辐角argument of a complex number 复数的辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptote 渐近asymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静止augmented matrix 增广矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助角auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助方程average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差；偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion 十亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial distribution 二项分布binomial expression 二项式binomial series 二项级数binomial theorem 二项式定理bisect 平分；等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisector 等分线；平分线Boolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法；相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioid 心脏Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡儿方程Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面Cartesian product 笛卡儿积category 类型；范畴catenary 悬链Cauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy's principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西- 许瓦尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中心极限定理central line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre 中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质量中心centrifugal force 离心力centripedal acceleration 向心加速度centripedal force force 向心力centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)方程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的首数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图；图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoid 蔓叶class 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面collision 碰撞column (1)列；纵行；(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangent 公切commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余；补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余角complementary equation 补充方程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配方complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分力composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数；合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复角compound angle formula 复角公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利；复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句；条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥；圆锥（体）confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confidence limit 置信极限confocal section 共焦圆锥曲congruence (1)全等；(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conic 二次曲; 圆锥曲conic section 二次曲; 圆锥曲conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number 共轭双曲conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数；相邻数consequence 结论；推论consequent 条件；后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的；相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒力constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理；系；推论coplanar 共面coplanar forces 共面力coplanar lines 共面co-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确至；取值至correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角；(2)对应角corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数无限counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数；计数couple 力偶Carmer's rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面；横截面；截痕cube 正方体；立方；立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方；立方；三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cuboid 长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curve 曲线curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱；圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre's theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan's law 德摩根律decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile 十分位数decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom 自由度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派生统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x 的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法) determinant 行列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic 二次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分方程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向角directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction 方向; 方位direction angle 方向角direction cosine 方向余弦direction number 方向数direction ratio 方向比directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的) discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分立; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle 二倍角double angle formula 二倍角公式double root 二重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动力学eccentric angle 离心角eccentric circles 离心圆eccentricity 离心率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱；边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施力eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹力elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整方根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧几里德算法Euclidean geometry 欧几里德几何Euler's formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值；预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of… 以………表达expression 式；数式extension 外延；延长；扩张；扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face 面factor 因子；因式；商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同心圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat's last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形)；(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation 首近似值first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程first projection 第一投影; 第一射影first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal axis 焦轴focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡儿叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xforce 力forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠free vector 自由向量; 自由矢量frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形；频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦力frictionless motion 无摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum 支点function 函数function of function 复合函数；迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理gain 增益；赚；盈利gain perent 赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; 生成函数generator (1)母线; (2)生成元geoborad 几何板geometric distribution 几何分布geometric mean 几何平均数；等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定；已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示；以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravity 重力greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组；grouped data 分组数据；分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子half angle 半角half angle formula 半角公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯一的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子；最高公因式；最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图；直方图；矩形图Holder's Inequality 赫耳德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次方程Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal 水平的；水平horizontal asymptote 水平渐近线horizontal component 水平分量horizontal line 横线；水平线horizontal range 水平射程hyperbola 双曲线hyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线idempotent 全幂等的identical 全等；恒等identity 等（式）identity element 单位元identity law 同一律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当；若且仅若if…, then 若….则；如果…..则illustration 例证；说明image 像点；像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式；蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵；蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲力incentre 内力incircle 内切圆inclination 倾角；斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的；可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取；可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的)；不一致(的) increase 递增；增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独立；自变independent equations 独立方程independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量；独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数；未定系数indeterminate form 待定型；不定型index,indices 指数；指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inequality 不等式；不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性；惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite 无限；无穷infinite dimensional 无限维infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列；无穷序列infinite series 无限级数；无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小；无穷小infinity 无限(大)；无穷(大)inflection (inflexion) point 拐点；转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件；初值条件initial point 始点；起点initial side 始边initial value 初值；始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积；积分；......的积分integrating factor 积分因子integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法；换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作用intercept 截距；截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisector 内分角internal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集；(2)相交；(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计；区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效；无效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的；(2)不变量；不变式inverse 反的；逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数；逆函数inverse cosine function 反三角函数inverse function 反函数；逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射；逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例；逆比例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分)；逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三角形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration 迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法jet propulsion 喷气推进joint variation 联变(分)；连变(分)kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known 己知L.H.S. 末项L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理Lami's law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; 首通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; 首通径law 律；定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律；指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；最低公倍式least value 最小值left hand limit 左方极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter 文字；字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗牛线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最大静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线；行line of action 作用力线line of best-fit 最佳拟合line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直；最大斜率line of intersection 交线line segment 线段linear 线性；一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程；一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程；二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式；线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子local maximum 局部极大(值)local minimum 局部极小(值)locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论；逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本；亏蚀loss per cent 赔率；亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数machine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量；数量；长度；大小major arc 优弧；大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形；大扇形major segment 优弓形；大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数；对数的定值部many to one 多个对一个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映入map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值)；平均数；中数mean deviation 中均差；平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数；(2)中线meet 相交；相遇mensuration 计量；求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法；换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minor arc 劣弧；小弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant 子行列式minor sector 劣扇形；小扇形minor segment 劣弓形；小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数)moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)力臂moment of a force 力矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍2；数multiple angle 倍角multiple-angle formula 倍角公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数；乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直n factorial n 阶乘n th derivative n 阶导数n th root n 次根；n 次方根n the root of unity 单位的n 次根Napierian logarithm 纳皮尔对数; 自然对数natural logarithm 自然对数natural number 自然数natural surjection 自然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负角negative binomial distribution 负二项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数negative vector 负向量; 负矢量neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)net force 净力Newton-Cote's rule 牛顿- 高斯法则Newton-Raphson's method 牛顿- 纳逊方法Newton's formula 牛顿公式Newton's law of motion 牛顿运动定律Newton's method 牛顿方法n-gon n 边形nonagon 九边形non-collinear 不共线non-commutative 非交换的non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程。
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一、代数部分 (Algebra)1. 数学运算equal, is equal to 等于equivalent to 等价于is greater than 大于is lesser than 小于is equal or greater than 大于等于is equal or lesser than 小于等于operator 运算符add, plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除augend, summand 被加数addend 加数minuend 被减数subtrahend 减数remainder 差multiplicand, faciend 被乘数multiplicator 乘数product 积dividend 被除数divisor 除数quotient 商remainder 余数divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除divisor 因子，除数dividend 被除数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号factorial 阶乘logarithm 对数exponent 指数，幂power 乘方square 二次方，平方cube 三次方，立方the power of n, the nth power n次方evolution, extraction 开方square root 二次方根，平方根cube root 三次方根，立方根the root of n, the nth root n次方根2. 数字digit数字number数natural number 自然数integer/whole number 整数positive number 正数negative number 负数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数odd integer, odd number 奇数even integer, even number 偶数real number 实数rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数consecutive 连续数inverse / reciprocal 倒数composite number 合数prime number 质数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(least) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子nonnegative 非负的units 个位tens 十位ordinary / decimal scale 十进制binary system 二进制hexadecimal system 十六进制weight, significance 权carry 进位truncation 截尾round to / to the nearest 四舍五入round down 下舍入round up 上舍入significant digit 有效数字insignificant digit 无效数字3. 分数和小数decimal 小数decimal point 小数点fraction 分数numerator 分子denominator 分母proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数common fraction 普通分数mixed number 带分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数(least) common denominator (最小)公分母quarter 四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数places位（thousands’ place，hundreds’place，tens’place，units’ place (ones’ digit)，tenths’ place，hundredths’place，thousandths’ place.）4. 集合与函数aggregate 集合element 元素void 空集subset 子集union 并集intersection 交集complement 补集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集mapping 映射function 函数domain, field of definition 定义域range 值域constant 常量variable 变量monotonicity 单调性parity 奇偶性periodicity 周期性image 图象5. 代数式、方程和不等式formula, formulae (pl.) 公式monomial 单项式polynomial, multinomial 多项式coefficient 系数equation 等式，方程式unknown, x-factor y-factor, z-factor 未知数simple equation 一次方程quadratic equation 二次方程cubic equation 三次方程quartic equation 四次方程inequation, inequality 不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项literal coefficient 字母系数numerical coefficient 数字系数range 值域factorization 因式分解original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程，等价方程linear equation 线性方程triangle inequality 三角不等式6. 逻辑axiom 公理theorem 定理calculation 计算operation 运算prove 证明hypothesis, hypotheses（pl.）假设proposition 命题arithmetic 算术7. 概率与统计approximate 近似estimation 估计，近似mean 均值mode 众数median 中数variance 方差standard error 标准偏差standard variation 标准方差standard deviation 标准差statistics 统计average 平均数weighted average 加权平均数proportion 比例percent 百分比percentage 百分点percentile 百分位数permutation 排列combination 组合probability 概率distribution 分布normal distribution 正态分布abnormal distribution 非正态分布graph 图表bar graph 条形统计histogram 柱形统计图broken line graph 折线统计图curve diagram 曲线统计图pie diagram 扇形统计图8. 三角函数trigonometry 三角sine 正弦cosine 余弦tangent 正切cotangent 余切secant 正割cosecant 余割arc sine 反正弦arc cosine 反余弦arc tangent 反正切arc cotangent 反余切arc secant 反正割arc cosecant 反余割phase 相位period 周期amplitude 振幅9. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列10. 微积分与线性代数series 数列，级数calculus 微积分differential 微分derivative 导数limit 极限infinite 无穷大infinitesimal 无穷小integral 积分definite integral 定积分indefinite integral 不定积分rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数real number 实数imaginary number 虚数complex number 复数matrix 矩阵determinant 行列式11. 其他direct proportion 正比indirect proportion 反比proportion 比例ratio 比值arithmetic mean 算术平均值geometric mean 几何平均数weighted average 加权平均值exponent 指数，幂base 乘幂的底数，底边powers 幂cube 立方数，立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm 常用对数constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementary function 余函数linear 一次的，线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数direct proportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计，近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位二、几何部分 (Geometry)1. 基本术语point 点line 线plane 面solid 体space 空间segment 线段radial 射线circumference, perimeter 周长surface area 表面积volume 体积line, straight line 直线line segment 线段midpoint 中点endpoint 端点parallel 平行intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直edge 边，棱vertex(复数形式vertices) 顶点length 长width 宽altitude 高depth 深度side 边长tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距congruent 全等的similar 相似2. 平面图形quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形hendecagon 十一边形dodecagon 十二边形polygon 多边形multilateral 多边的equilateral/regular polygon 正多边形parallelogram 平行四边形square 正方形rectangle 矩形rhombus, diamond 菱形trapezoid 梯形right trapezoid 直角梯形isosceles trapezoid 等腰梯形3. 角angle 角degree 角度radian 弧度acute angle 锐角right angle 直角obtuse angle 钝角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角adjacent angle 邻角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplement aryangle 补角complement aryangle 余角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角angle bisector 角平分线bisect 平分diagonal 对角线4. 三角形triangle 三角形right triangle 直角三角形acute triangle 锐角三角形obtuse triangle 钝角三角形oblique 斜三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形incenter 内心excenter 外心escenter 旁心orthocenter 垂心barycenter 重心inscribed triangle 内接三角形hypotenuse 斜边leg 直角边opposite 直角三角形中的对边arm 直角三角形的股median of a triangle 中线included side 夹边altitude (三角形的)高base 底边，底数Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理5. 圆circle 圆形semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径circumference 圆周长sector 扇形ring 环arc 弧radian 弧度（弧长/半径）segment of a circle 弧形point of tangency 切点inscribe 内切，内接circumscribe 外切，外接6. 立体图形solid 立体的face of a solid 立体的面cube 立方体，立方数tetrahedron 四面体pentahedron 五面体hexahedron 六面体parallelepiped 平行六面体rectangular solid 长方体cube 正方体heptahedron 七面体octahedron 八面体enneahedron 九面体decahedron 十面体hendecahedron 十一面体dodecahedron 十二面体icosahedron 二十面体polyhedron 多面体regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体pyramid 棱锥prism 棱柱frustum of a prism 棱台rotation 旋转axis 轴cone 圆锥cylinder 圆柱frustum of a cone 圆台sphere 球hemisphere 半球cross section 横截面undersurface 底面surface area 表面积7. 解析几何coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 坐标轴abscissa, x-coordinate 横坐标ordinate, y-coordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率complex plane 复平面hyperbola 双曲线parabola 抛物线ellipse 椭圆locus, loca (pl.) 轨迹。