2013职称英语理工B第三部分小抄版

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2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级试题参考答案

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题参考答案1D2C3A4B5C6D7C8B9A10C11B12D13A14C15C16C17B18A19B20C21B22A23F24A25C26B27C28E29A30B31B32D33C34B35D36B37C38D39D40B41B42A43C44B45A46D47F48A49B50C51C52B53D54A55A56B57D58A59C60B61B62D63A64C65A 2013年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题题解第1部分：词汇选项1D come、across是固定搭配，意思是“偶遇，碰巧发现”，因此选择D选项。

pass by“路过”，take a notice of“注意到”，wake up“醒来”。

2C incredible意为“难以置信的”，与unbelievable同义。

obvious“明显的”，unclear“不明的”。

3A tempt“吸引，诱惑”，此处为被动态，句子意思为：他被这家公司开出的高额薪水吸引了。

A选项符合句义。

4B aggressive意为“好斗的，富于攻击性的”，与offensive相近，如：Men tend to be more aggressive than women.男性往往比女性更具有攻击性。

Knives of any sort are classed as offensive weapons.任何刀具都属于攻击性武器。

worried“担心的”，sleepy“困倦的”，anxious“焦急的”。

5C as regards是固定搭配，意思是“关于”，如：There is no problem as regards the financial arrangements.资金筹备方面毫无问题。

6D migrate的意思是“迁徙”，travel除了常见的“旅行”意思外，还有“行进”的意思，如：Supersonicplanes can travel faster than the speed of sound.超音速飞机的速度比音速快。

2013年职称英语理工类b级新增试题完形填空和阅读理解共4题已整理可直接打印

第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modem world since every year more _wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our _ admiration although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a _ height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American_architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers. Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around 1，800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other features of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The MiUau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tam Valley，in southern France. _ t _ the time it was built，it was the world’s highest bridge, reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to relieve Millau's congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the _ most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, _ which forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two _ countries The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s _ energy needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a _ truly amazing wonder of engineering.第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp decline in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental problem The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the birds . It is also causing serious public health problems across the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians，vultures havelong played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It isbecause they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are traditionally left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has led to an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may increase as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the _ future.The need for action is urgent, so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds，deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture deaths were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and take about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren’t just delivering strict view of what’s going on in the world；they’re affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who’v e just eaten.Psychologists have known for decades that what’s going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arri ve at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen — a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes, Radel says.“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs,” Radel says.1. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find?C Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.2. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.3. What does the writer want to tell us?C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.4. What did the results of the experiment indicate?A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.5. What can we infer from the passage?D Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener ExperienceShimi, a musical companion developed by Georgia Tech’s Center for Music Technology, recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps t he music pumping based on listener feedback. The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot is billed as an interactive “musical friend”.“Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，”said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robot’s creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements.Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the user’s mobile device. In other words, if there’s an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phone’s camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi anal yzes it, scans the phone’s musical libraryand immediately plays the song that best matches the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm.“Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bre tan. “Shimi shows us that robots c an be creative and interactive. ’’Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the user’s song choices and provide feedback on the music play list.Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimi’s creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg said.Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines一small, entertaining and fun，，，Weinberg said. “They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service ro bots in our lives.”1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs?B Shimi is the creator of the musical companion.2. What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat?D It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with that beat.3. Which of the following about Shimi is true?D Shimi can be creative and interactive.4. What does the author want to tell us?A The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi.5. Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion?B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.。

职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)

职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第三篇Can You Hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohear the reflections as the sound bounces off thewalls. floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射)sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer coming from the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewherebetween.Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel (平行的）wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing rge pillars (柱）and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of theseproblems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors,called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.41 This passage is mainly aboutA. Sound waves and their effects.B. the types of music orchestras play.C. walls of an auditorium.D.the design of an auditorium.答案：D42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect haveA. a short reverberation time.B. an intermediate reverberation time.C. no reverberation time.D. along reverberation time.答案：D43. This passage suggests that a goodauditorium shouldA. get rid of all reflections.B. not have absorbers.C.achieve a pleasing mixture of soundD. have smooth surfaces.答案：C44. Large pillars and corners mayA. make sound rich and full.B. be cures for sound problems.C.be sources of sound problems.D. function as effectively as clouds.答案：C45. The word” acoustic” in thelast paragraph has something to do withA. performanceB.soundC. audienceD. weather答案：B。

2013年职称英语理工类完型填空小抄(超级简短明确)

第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legends 1 finally2 who 3 no 4 exhibition 5 does6 discovering 7 now 8 when9 fight10 until11likely 12 refuse13 buried14 statement 15 sure that第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety1 among2 that3 likely4 is5 risk6 gather7 fiow8 between9 flat10 use 11 process 12 conditions 13 reduce 14 attention 15 missing第三篇Giant Structuresl wonderful2 admiration3 height 4 architect5 on6 features 7 at 8 reaching9 relieve 10 most ll which 12 countriesl3energyl4 amount l5 truly第四篇Animal’s “Sixth Sense”1 however2 disasters3 missed4 even5 sense6 waves7 reserve8 apparent9 specialist 10 specific11 assessment12 phenomenon13 certainly 14 some15 as第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind1 with2 run by3 blind4 the alarms5 sound6 heard7 that8 smoke-filled9 took 10 without＿11 processes 12 source 13 based on 14 or 15 developed第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely1 off2 are3 should4 in5 a6 if7 being8 that9 life10 by 11 teach 12 allow 13 have helped14 put 15 customer第七篇An Intelligent Car1 these2 on3 traffic4 automatic5 other6 path7 instructions8 quickly9 sending 10 completes 11 at least12 Besides , 13 rate s 14 warn15 limited第八篇Why India Need Its Dying Vultures1 decline2 problem3 birds4 across5 long6 because (7 traditionally )(8 led to)(9 increase)(10 future)(11 urgent) (12 find)(13 deaths) (14 by )(15 take)第九篇Wonder Webs1 tough2 silk3 weave4 it5 reuses6 material7 length8 close .9 wonder10 supply11 work12 frist13 milk 14 any 15 as fast as第十篇 Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness1 but2 emotions3 personally4 look at5 favorite6 by7 participants8 group9 finally 10 complete 11 secure 12 their 13 experience 14 eating15 connections*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities1 carried out2 urban3 reduce4 gases5 protect6 major7 benefits8 threats9 heavily 10lack11 without 12 therefore 13 rather than 14 automobile 15 idle*第十二篇 Free S tatins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk1 charge2 suggest3 amount4 risk .5 enough6 eating7 unhealthy8 possiblity9 degree 10 like l1 provided12 customer13 measures14 wearing 15 lowering+第十三篇Better Solar Energy Systems：More Heat，More Light(1 until) (2 electricity) (3 economics)(4 cost) (5 solution)(6 commonly) (7 require) (8 vulnerable) (9 drops)(10 reasons) (11 type) (12 point) (13 overcame)(14 collector) (15 boosted)+第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth’s Waters1 attack 2valuable 3 existence 4 Earth5 because of6 where7 for8 times9 chemicals 10 senses 11 other 12 systems13 recover 14 oceans 15 great+第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage1 widespread2 extent3 function .4 strength5 collapse .6 shorter7 how8 recently9 phenomenon10 before11 events12 deposited 13 near14 prevent 15 standards。

[理工] 2013年职称英语理工类B级模拟卷

2013年职称英语理工类B级模拟卷-英语词汇·第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travelpreferences.A forceB influenceC surpriseD power2. Can you follow the plot?A changeB investigateC writeD understand3. Even in a highly modernized country, manualwork is stillneeded.A physicalB mentalC naturalD hard4. In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.A resultB judgmentC decisionD event5. Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions.A statementsB beliefsC suggestionsD claims6. Up to now, the work has been easy.A SoB So longC So thatD So far7. The report advocated setting up day training colleges.A supposedB excitedC suggestedD discussed8. Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.A ThereforeB AfterwardsC HoweverD Furthermore9. The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.A viewB sightC lookD point10. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely11. The union representative put across her argument veryeffectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted12. He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild13. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting14. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable ofproducing.A wasteB buyC useD sell15. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume答案：01. A 02. C 03. B 04. B 05. A 06. C 07. D 08. B 09. B 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. C2013年职称英语理工类B级模拟卷-阅读判断·第2部分：阅读判断(第1～7题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

全国职称英语等级考试(理工类B级)章节题库(第3章概括大意和完成句子资源环境类)【圣才出品】

◆资源环境类Passage1Earth Angels1.Joying Brescia was8years old when she noticed that cigarette butts(烟头) were littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms,South Carolina.When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate,she decided to take action,joying launched a“No Butts on the Beach”campaign.She raised money and awareness about the need to keep the beaches clean.With the help of others,Joying also bought or received donations of gallonsize plastic ice-cream buckets.The buckets were filled with sand,and placed at all public-access areas of the beach.The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the beach.Two years later,Joying says the buckets are full and the beach in nearly free of cigarette debris(残片).2.People who live in or visit Steamboat Springs,Colorado,have Carter Dunham to thank for a new state wildlife refuge that preserves20acres of marshland and many species of wildlife.Carter and other students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River.The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High School.Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife,Carter and his classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there.They also made decisions about,among other things,where fences and parking areas should be built.3.Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil.It started as a project for their4H Club after one of the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria,Texas.They did some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground water—a real danger in rural areas,where people live off the water on their land.The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue.Now,the“Don’t Be Crude”program runs oil-collection sites—tanks that hold up to460gallons—where people in the community can dispose of their oil.4.Five years ago,11-year-old Ryan Hreliac was a little boy with a big dream:for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water.His dream began in the first grade when he learned that people were dying because they didn’t have clean water,and that as little as$70could build a well．“We really take water for granted，”says Ryan，of Kemptville，Ontari0，in Canada．“In other countries，you have to plan for it．”Ryan earned the first$70by doing extra chores(零工)，but with the help of others，he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars．His efforts led to the start of the Ryan’s Well Foundation，which raises money for clean water and health—related services for people in African countries and developing countries.23.Paragraph l______.24.Paragraph2______.25.Paragraph3______.26.Paragraph4______.27.Joying placed the buckets at all public—access areas to______.28.People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to______.29.Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to______.30.Ryan,with the help of others,is fulfilling his dream of help African people to ______.【答案与解析】23.D本段介绍Joying Brescia---一个8岁的孩子，是怎样从事环保工作的。

2013职称英语(理工类)资料-推荐下载

光盘资料第一部分考纲解读一、概述总述：全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。

专业类别注：三类考试的共同点和不同点：每个级别的试卷内容，除综合类外，普通英语和专业英语题目各占50%。

对于类别的区分意义不大，原则上考生报综合、理工、卫生的任何一类都是可以的，考生可结合自身情况及单位规定进行报考。

在正式考试中，50%的题都是一样的。

等级总分：100分考试时间：120分钟注：参加考试的考生允许带一本普通的英语字典进入考场。

建议参加C 级和B 级考试的考生可以使用《牛津英汉双解词典（中级）》，参加A 级考试的考生适用《牛津英汉双解词典（高级）》，还可以同时考虑准备一本《牛津英语同义词词典》。

二、评价目标总目标：要求：（一）词汇量注：可以主要掌握2000个左右的核心单词和短语结构。

实际考试中出现的超纲词一般都会给出中文注释。

（二）语法知识注：不直接考查语法，对基本语法的考查融入到各类考题中，进行间接考查。

（三）阅读理解能力三、考试内容与试卷结构总述：A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难以程度不同。

考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。

试卷结构及考查目的（总题量65题，满分100分）题型材料类型答题要求考查目的题量分值第一部分词汇选项（四选一）15个句子给出15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

在一定语境下理解单词或短语的意义。

1515第二部分阅读判断（三选一）1篇短文（300～450词）给出7句话，要求应试者根据文章内容做出判断（正、误、没有直接或间接提到）。

识别和判断文章信息。

77第三部分概括大意与完成句子(选择搭配)1篇短文（300～450词）分两部分：1.概况大意（6选4）；2.完成句子（6选4）。

抓大意，掌握细节。

88第四部分阅读理解（四选一）3篇短文（各300～450词）每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项，要求应试者从中选择1个最佳答案。

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(B级)试题(二)

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题第4部分：阅读理解（第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇Energy and Public LandsThe United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production ；the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing (租赁)，both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf. Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.In 2000，32 percent of US oil，35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20，000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.Revenues from federal oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State governments. In 1999, for example，$553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-Indian coal leases accounted for over $304 million in revenues，of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems，pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use.Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy production, though the amount is still significant。

2013职称英语_阅读理解文章_小条-考点背诵模板【理工类】

1、Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.
2、All of the above.
3、In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.
5、Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.
32、Mind-reading Machine
1、Neurons in the brain.
5)the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample.
39. Clone Farm
1)Cloned chickens are bulk-produced with the same growth rate, weight and taste.
5、They are cheap to eat.
34. Batteries Built by Viruses病毒电池
1）stay away from v various diseases.
2）It is making batteries with viruses.
3)The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.
4)The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.

2013年职称英语考试综合BC级阅读理解

阅读理解第一篇 Telling Tales about People 1 A) the characteristics of autobiographies,memoirs,and biographies 2 B) an autobiography 3 C) want to present themselves in a good light 4 A) defining it 5 C) varied or different 第二篇 Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference 1 D) will not take an interest in it. 2 C) building friendship. 3 B) She's a senior student. 4 A) Passion. 5 C) polish. 第三篇 Milosevic’s Dea th 1 B) In prison. 2 D) He was extremely ambitious. 3 B) his parents. 4 C) t o remove the Serbians’ fears that they were discriminated against. 5 A) Yugoslavia broke up. 第四篇Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 1 A) Ghosts 2 C) On Thanksigiving 3 B) providing them with comfortable and happy lives. 4 A) they can stay with their parents at home and eat a lot of nice food. 5 A) 1621 第五篇 Sino —Japan Animosity Lessens 1 C) the survey found that people in both china and japan generally agree that the relationship between the two countries is important. 2 B) aims at promoting communication between the two contries. 3 D) 30.2;43.2. 4 B) trade frictions. 5 C) an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country believed that the civil exchanges were an important way to improve relations. 第六篇 TV Shows and Long Bus Trips 1 C) advertisements on billboards 2 A) to talk about the similarities between long bus trips and TV shows 3 D) no billboards along the road 4 B) They both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in between. 5 A) Exciting 第七篇 Modern Sun Worshippers 1 D) they wish to escape from the cold, dark and rainy days back at home. 2 A) to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate. 3 B) Spain 4 B) every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country. 5 D) Rainy weather. 第八篇 The Changing Middle Class 1 B) a social and economic group 2 D) the family is very important 3 C) prosperous and optimistic 4 C) a restatement of the previous idea 5 A) as a group 第九篇 Single-parent Kids Do Best 1 C) two-parent families produce less attractive children 2 A) the young males get less care 3 B) experiment and result 4 D) the offspring ’s body size 5 C) ecological factors 第十篇 A Letter from Alan 1 D) To inform other people about the builders ’plans 2 C) Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature 3 A) A building on Parson ’s Place 4 D) have less money 5 B) SAY NO TO HOUSES ON PARSON ’S PLACE 第十一篇 The Development of Ballet 1 C) the way ballet developed 2 D) Louis XIV 3 B) Will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it 4 D) in chronological order 5 D) elaborate shows 第十二篇 Smuggling 1 D) it had a very big abdomen 2 A) As many as a smuggler can think of. 3 C) 25,770 4 C) Small smugglers 5 C) Varied drug transportation methods 第十三篇 The Barbie Dolls 1 D) to be highly successful. 2 D) Harold Mattson, Ruth and Ellion Handler. 3 A) Build. 4 B) Lilli. 5 A) She does not attract young men. 第十四篇 Sleep 1． D ）because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits. 2． B ）your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back. 3． C ）to employ people who will always work at night. 4． A ）the third week. 5． A ）another routine. 第十五篇 Oribital Space Plane1 B) carrying astronauts to the International Space Station.2 A) NASA ’s determination to continue its space exploration projects.3 C) Years before the explosion of Columbia.4 D) a space ambulance.5 B) be equally shared by the two projects under Space Launch Initiative. 第十六篇 The Sahara 1 A) life in the Sahara 2 A) less than five inches per year 3 A) a place of contrasts 4 C) the Sahara 5 B) group traveling together through difficult country 第十七篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful 1 B) Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower 2 A) Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view 3 C) He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds4 B) Conducting research in various fields.5 C) Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents.第十八篇 Goal of American Education 1 C) To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability. 2 D) the subject every student takes may vary.3 C) acquisition of the ability to be creative.4 C) the students from foreign countries.5 D) Its underlying goal to develop every child ’s abilities to the fullest extent. 第十九篇 The Family1 A) What Makes a Family?2 A) a married couple with their minor children3 A) an anthropology textbook4 C) point out similarities5 B) readiness to move 第二十篇 Tales of the Terrible Past 1 D) two novels that deal with slavery 2 C) in Ohio after the Civil War 3 B) the books are worthwhile but challenging 4 D) portrayal of violence 5 A) terrible 第二十一篇 Spacing in Animals 1 C) Distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing. 2 A) begin to attack. 3 B) psychological distance. 4 A) strip of land. 5 D) social distance is sometimes determined by outside factors. 第二十二篇Some Things We Know about Language 1 C) any human race, whether backward or not, has a language. 2 A) complicated. 3 B) just as sophisticated as some well-known languages. 4 D) Some languages are better than other languages.5 C) Vocabulary第二十三篇 The Only Way Is Up1.C) want to maintain their traditional image.2.B) the lack of a device to carry people upward.3.D) most people had doubt about its safety.4.B) Uninteresting.5.D) in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks.第二十四篇 Clone Farm1 C) Cloned chickens are bulk-produced with the same growth rate, weight and taste.2 A)The US's national Institute of Science and Technology.3 D)chickens could grow to the same weight but with less feed.4 C) Origen has joined hands with Embrex in producing cell-injecting machine5 A)farmers can order certain strains of chicken only 第二十五篇 Income1 B) the difference between national income and personal income.2 D) The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.3 A) corporation profits4 B) the money not earned but received.5 D) people pay taxes somewhat unwillingly.第二十六篇 Seeing the World Centuries Ago1 C) where three early travel writers went and wrote about2 C) throughout the Muslim world3 B) they told of strange and exotic locales4 A) chronological order5 D) give proof of第二十七篇 Importance of Services1 B) services are important2 A) 32.4 million service jobs.3 B) most of the fast growth in the service sector is in low — paying jobs.4 C) by money spent on business services as well as on consumer services5 C) Their prices.第二十八篇 The National Park Service1 A) Because they are always out there.2 D) They protect the National Park System.3 B) molding the Nation.4 B) It is about the National Park Service.5 C) The work that has been done by the partners. 第二十九篇Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends1.A) their friends2.C) People were not likely to lose weight when they have skinny friends.3.D) Friends affected each others’ feelings of fatness4.C) life style5.A) social networks let the obesity spread rapidly 第三十篇“Lucky”Lord Lucan –Alive or Dead1 C) Lord Lucan has never been found2 C) it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan3 D) sinking his boat4 B) thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught5 C) was really Lord Lucan in disguise第三十一篇 Pool Watch1D) artificial intelligence.2C) It can distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow 3B) It alerts the lifeguard.4A) He runs.5B) “rated”.第三十二篇 The Cherokee Nation1 B）In the southeastern part of the US.2 A）writing down the spoken language.3 C）force the Cherokees to move westward.4 D）all of the above5 C）they did not have enough food and clothes第三十三篇 Oseola McCarty1 C) she gave her life savings to help others through university2 B) she had worked hard ,saved hard and invested carefully3 C) she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life4 C) hundreds of people put money into the fund5 A) of her generosity。

职称英语理工类B级-13

职称英语理工类B级-13(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}第1部分：词汇选项{{/B}}(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.This is a subject that has now moved into the political domain.（分数：1.00）A.extentB.zoneC.area √petition解析：2.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.（分数：1.00）A.shakenB.fallenC.damaged √D.trembled解析：3.He was a very cute boy but now he seems to have no interest in anything. （分数：1.00）A.clever √B.honestC.braveD.dull解析：4.He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.（分数：1.00）A.despairB.difficultiesC.needD.danger √解析：5.He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee.（分数：1.00）A.spreadB.openC.show √D.examine解析：6.She tried to probe my mind and discover what I was thinking.（分数：1.00）A.solvedB.explored √C.involvedD.exploded解析：7.The river was contaminated with waste.（分数：1.00）A.blackenedB.polluted √C.widenedD.mixed解析：8.Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.（分数：1.00）A.problemB.mystery √C.questionD.point解析：9.It is said the houses aidng this street will soon be demolishe（分数：1.00）A.pulled down √B.pulled upC.pulled offD.pulled in解析：10.Thick clouds obscured the stars from view.（分数：1.00）A.darkenedB.heldC.blackenedD.prevent √解析：11.She is noted for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.（分数：1.00）A.chargedB.accusedC.famous √D.responsible解析：12.After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.（分数：1.00）A.walk √B.restC.bathD.breath解析：13.The film originated from a short story.（分数：1.00）A.resultedB.derived √C.heardD.made解析：14.The parents? have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street.（分数：1.00）A.disallowB.reduceC.prevent √D.confine解析：15.You startled me when you shouted.（分数：1.00）A.threatenedB.frightened √C.interruptedD.troubled解析：二、{{B}}第2部分：阅读判断{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择A：如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2013年职称英语 -概括大意整理-小抄(带目录)

1、the Making of a Success Story2、The Paper Chase文件整理3、Engilish Community群体1.P2（C: The origin of IKEA） 1.P2（A: Find a place to work on 1.p2（F: The D of a Speech Community）2.P3 Dspecialization in sell furniture) 2.P3（E: Get rid of unimportant things） 2.p3（D: The Cof the English Community）3.P 4（B:Success of showrooms） 3.P4（F: Dealing with bills） 3.P4（A: The Wide Use of English）4.P5 (E: Flat packaging—a feature of IKEA) 4.P5（C: What is a good filing system） 4.P5（C: The A Second language）5、Even child，（C: Ingvar doing business） 5.Stephanie is expert（B: in paper chase） 5.Only language（B: can be formed6（A: IKEA cheap things）and in furniture。

6.You condition C: that easily reached） 6.The from（A: that of speech community）7.Customers showrooms(E: here going to buy) 7.Coupons thrown away A: they are useless）7.Speakers groups（D: for simplicity）8.As flat customers B: it is highly by both）8.“Mentally flexble” fact(D:that requirements. 8.An English（E: has education4、Alaska阿拉斯加5、Why does Food Cost so Much？6、How we form first impression1.P3（F: Land and Population） 1.P3（E: Farmer Profit） 1.P2 (D Comparing Memories2.P4（D: The Natives of the Land） 2.P4(D: M iddlemen’s Limited Profit) 2.P3（C Illus3.P5（C: Transportation Problem） 3.P5(B: A Surprising Economists 3.P4（Comment4.P6（A: Rich Resources of the State） 4.P6(A: The Cost of Convenience)） 4.P5（A Ways5.For asthe sun（D: shines day and night） 5.Many failed(D: to agree increase) 5.Sensory E sights and sounds6.According，（E: only percentage）of …. 6.The farmers much(A: Nor middlemen) 6You D meaning7.Alaska Russia，but C: by us 19th century）7.Housewives save(E: by buying prepared food) 7The waya Cimmature8.Gold wealth（A: as fish does）8.The economists lies in(F: the popu food) 8We can B The most7、How to Argue With Your Boss 8、Earthquake地震9、Transport and Trade交通与贸易1.P2（D: Don’t go are a ngry） 1.P2（C: Intensities of earthquakes） 1.P 2（B: Importance of transport in trade）2.P3(E: Make the issue clear) 2.P 3（D: Cause of earthquakes） 2.P 3（A: Higher living standard）3.P4(C:Propose your solution) 3.P 4（A: Earthquakes’ forecast） 3.P4（D: Birth and trade）4.P5(B: Put yourself boss’s position) 4.P 5(E: Indications of earthquakes) 4.P 5（E: Role of information in trade）5.If you t first(B: how he is feeling) 5.Not all caused(A: by the quake itself) 5.The transport（C: has greatly promoted trade）6.It is clear boss(D: what him about) 6.Not all enough(C: to cause loss of lives) 6.Only quickly（D: is it possible large scale）7.It is not problem(E: without solve it) 7.Scientists warn people(D: of ae arthquake) 7.Transport has m they want（B: at any the year）8.You mast troubles(C: the boss may have) 8.Earthquakes observing(E: the animals) 8.In the trade a role as（E: the transport of goods）10）More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing（每晚只需8个小时，睡眠过多非益事）1、Paragraph 2 (E Sleep Problems of Long and Short Sleepers)2、Paragraph 4 (B Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep)3、Paragraph 5 (A Kripke’s Research Tool)4、Paragraph 6 (D A Way of Overcoming Insomnia)5、To get a good night's rest, people may not need to(F)6、Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to(E sleep more than 8 hours)7、One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to(A fall asleep again)8. One survey showed that people who habitually ____ each night have a higher risk of dying. (C sleep less than 7 hours confirm those serious)11）Soot and Snow: A hot combination（煤炭与白雪：火热的组合）1、Paragraph 3 (C Explanation of Increased Warming Effect Caused by Soot)2、Paragraph 4 (A Soot's Role in Changes in the Climate and the Atmosphere)3、Paragraph 6 (F Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of Global Warming)4、Paragraph 7 (B Observations of Warming in the Northern Hemisphere)5、In the twentieth century, soot(B contributed to 25 percent of observed global warming)6、Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases(E still surpass soot in warming the world's, climate during the last century )7、Black soot covered snow and ice.(D absorb more of sun's energy and warmth than white background)8、A soot forcing is unusually effective, which(A produces much more global warming than a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude)12）Icy Microbes（冰冻微生物）1、Paragraph 2 (E Antarctic Frozen Life Sampled and Revived)2、Paragraph 3 (A Significance of Testing Techniques for Sampling Microbes in the Deep Ice Sheet)3、Paragraph 4 (F Accidental Discovery of Ice-sealed Lake Water in Antarctica)4、Paragraph 6 (D2004 Revisit Planned for Collecting Lake Water Specimens)5、Scientists ignored Lake Vida because they thought, that a lake of ice(B was of little scientific value)6、Scientists expect that the life, if found in deeper water below the ice sheet,(C may be older tat collected below 39 feet of ice)7、What the scientists will do in 2004(E is to collect some briny lake water for analysis)8. The salt concentration in the liquid water of Lake Vida (A is found to be a great deal higher than that of seawater)（13）Compact Disks（光盘）1、Paragraphs 1 & 2 (D CD's Working Principle Is Explained)2、Paragraph 3 (A Digital Code Has Wide Applications)3、Paragraph 4 (F CDs Are. of Many Formats)4、Paragraph 5 (C CDs Are Durable)5、One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can ____like floppy disks. (E be written on and rewritten on)6、The author predicts it will not ___before a new technology is invented for music recording.(B take many more years)7、The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to ___of a CD player. (C be the key parts)8、Space probes could not____ without using digital codes. (F keep contact with their ground station efficiently)（14）LED Lighting（发光二极管）1、Paragraph 1 (B LED Lighting Will Replace Traditional Lighting)2、Paragraph 3 (E Bowers' Made an Unexpected Discovery)3、Paragraph 5 (D LED Lighting Has Many Advantages)4、Paragraph 6 (C Almost Everything Could Be the Main Light Source in the Future4)5、Unlike traditional lighting, LED s do not give out heat so (F it is more efficient)6、Edison's bright invention is likely' to be outdated because (A traditional lighting is less durable and dearer)7、Something unexpected happened during Bower's experiment when (B a laser excited the quantum dots)8、Over one quarter of energy consumption for lighting ,could be saved by 2025 if (C America adopted LEDs)（15）How We form first impression（对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的）1、Paragraph 2 (D Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories)2、Paragraph 3 (C Illustration of First Impression)3、Paragraph 4 (B Comment on First Impression)4、Paragraph 5 (A Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions)5、Sensory information is one that is perceived, through (E the sights and sounds of the world)6、You interpret __ by comparing it against thees already stored in your brain.(D the meaning of incoming sensory information)7、The way, we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to(C the immature form of thinking of a very` young child)8、We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to (B the most complex areas of our cortex)（16）Screen Test（透视检查）1、Paragraph 2 (A Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman)2、Paragraph 3 (B Investigating the Effect of Screening)3、Paragraph 4 (C Effects Predicted by Two Different Models)4、Paragraph 5 (D Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation)5、Early, discovery of. Breast cancer may (C save a life)6、Advantages of screening women uncle 50 are(D still open to debate)7、Delaying the age at which screening starts may(E reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer)8、Radiation exposure should be (F reduced to the minimum)（17）The Mir Space Station（和平号空间站）1、Paragraph 4 (B Rewards Following the US Financial Injection)2、Paragraph 5 (E Mir's Firsts in Scientific Experiments and Space Exploration)3、Paragraph 6 (C Mir's Problem Year)4、Paragraph 8 (A Undeniable Mir's Achievements)5、Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was (F quite possible)6、In Mir, the US astronauts created (E)7、When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are (D nothing)8、The writer tends to think that Mir was (B a great success)（18）More Rural Research Is Needed（需要进行更多的农业研究）1. Paragraph 1 (E Increase in Investment on-Agricultural Research)2. Paragraph 3 (A The Same or Improved Food Supply Situation in 2020)3. Paragraph 4 (C More Research Funding Needed)4. Paragraph 7 (B Research Focus on Increased Yield)5、Dr. Fischer; claims that agricultecontinue to develop (D when we use modern technologies and develop new ones).6、Land can be save for other purposes(A if we can drive yield up)7、The investment efficient (F when strategic research can be utilized worldwide)8、The global decrease in investment should be changed (C if we want to-fight against malnutrition and poverty)（19）Washoe Learned American Sign language（Washoe 学会了美国手语）1、Paragraph 1 (C General Information about Washoe)2、Paragraph 2 (B Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language)3、Paragraph 3 (E Debate on Chimps’ Intelligence)4、Paragraph 4 (A Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out` This Research Nowadays)5、Washoe could make signs to communicate (C when she wanted to eat)6、Some scientists doubted(A if the Gardeners' argument was sound)7、Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language(D while she was at a research center in Ellensburg)8、The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent (E because she could use sign language to ask for fruits)（20）The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World（世界上最小的电动机）1.Paragraph 2 (E The working principle of the Nanomotor.)2.Paragraph 4 (B A description of the Nanomotor in terms of power and size)3.Paragraph 5 (D Previous inventions of Nanoscale products)4.Paragraph 6 (F Possible fields of application in the future.)5.Doctors envision that the Nanomotor would travel through human bodies to (A remove disease)6.Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to (B resist separating)7.Nanoconveyors could be used to (F transport nanoscale objects)8.Applying a small electric current causes atoms to (C shuffle between two molten metal droplets)（21）A Strong Greenhouse Gas（一种强烈的温室气体）1.Paragraph 1 (E Methane as a Strong Greenhouse Gas)2.Paragraph 2 (F Livestock as a Prime Factor of the Greenhouse Effect)3.Paragraph 4 (C Agriculture Also Contributes to Increased Concentrations of Methane in the Atmosphere)4.Paragraph 5 (D Why Livestock Releases Methane)5.Methane is ____ to the intensifying greenhouse effect. (A one of the major contributors)6.Greenhouse gases are indispensable to mankind, but the problem mankind is faced with is (B the ever-increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases)7.Generally people heap criticism on ____ for the planet’s temperature rise. (F big industries and gas-guzzling vehicles)8.Nothing has been mentioned in the passage about (E how to cut down the cattle populations)22 Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing1.Paragraph 2___E Gift of talking2.Paragraph 3___ C Strength of the Creative Economy3.Paragraph 4___ D Weakness of the Creative Economy4.Paragraph 5___ B “Servant” Eco nomy5.Every country has its own way．__．C .to feed its people6.The British government doesn't seem__ F to worry about the British economy．7.The creative industries find it difficult__．E .to make a profit8.Many graduates are employed__．B .to do low-skill lobs23 Intelligence: a Changed View1. Paragraph 2 _______ C. Effect of Environment on Intelligence ___2. Paragraph 4 ________ A. Main Results of Recent Researches __3. Paragraph 5 _________ F. A Changed View of Intelligence _4. Paragraph 6 _________ E. Impact on School Education _5.It was once believed __________, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence. D. that intelligence was something a baby was born with6.More recent researches has intelligence is only partly inherited _ F. and partly has to do with a child’s living environment __.7.It can be inferred from the passage that a child will _________if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language. B. have a better chance to develop his intelligence8.Children were not just , but they can be taught to be more intelligent at school. A. born to be more intelligent or less intelligen24 Heartbeat of America1. Paragraph 3 ______A_ A. The Financial Center of USA __2. Paragraph 4 ______C_ C. The Traffic Facilities of New York ___3. Paragraph 5 ______F___ F. Central Park—A Place of Recreation for the New Yorkers _4. Paragraph 6 _______D_ D. Shopping Center for the Rich __5. The island of Manhattan was bought by the Hollanders fe native Americans _ F. for what seems to be a very small sum today6. Central Park is a good place where the New Yorkers can go and _____A__ do whatever they like for relaxation ____.7. Fifth Avenue is the place ____E___ where the wealthy people would go shopping _______.8. For those play-lovers who are interested in he small theaters might be more attractive _ ___ than the world famous Broadway25 Smoke Gets in Your Mind1.Paragraph 3 ____D_ D. Close Association Between Depression and Smoking ____2.Paragraph 4 _____A__ Doubt(怀疑，未确定) about the Usual Belief __3.Paragraph 6 ______F__ Effect of Smoking on mental Health Initially Proved _4.Paragraph 8 ______E__ Breslau’s Conclusion Supported by Another Larger Study _5.Nowadays many doctors have become aware that smoking is not only a hazard to people’s physical health ___B __ but to their mental health as well ______.6.The cigarette ads which claim that smoking can help soothe anxiety _____A__ have been proved to be misleading ___.7.Breslau’s study ____D_ involved fewer people ____than Goodman’s but lasted longer.8.To contradict Breslau’s conclusion, many smokers say that they are less anxious when they smoke ___F_ but their level of anxiety increases when they quite smoking _____.1、the Making of a Success Story2、The Paper Chase文件整理3、Engilish Community群体4、Alaska阿拉斯加5、Why does Food Cost so Much？6、How we form first impression7、How to Argue With Your Boss8、Earthquake地震9、Transport and Trade交通与贸易10）More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing11）Soot and Snow: A hot combination12）Icy Microbes（冰冻微生物）（13）Compact Disks（光盘）（14）LED Lighting（发光二极管）（15）How We form first impression（16）Screen Test（透视检查）（17）The Mir Space Station（和平号空间站）（18）More Rural Research Is Needed（19）Washoe Learned American Sign language（20）The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World（21）A Strong Greenhouse Gas（22）Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing（23）Intelligence: a Changed View（24）Heartbeat of America（25）Smoke Gets in Your Mind。

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类(B级)试题(二)

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题, 每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1) 第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1-4段，每段选择1个最佳标题；（2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Organic Food ：Why?1 Europe Is now the biggest market for organic food in the world，expanding by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. So what is the attraction of organic food for some people? The really important thing is that organic sounds more “natural”. Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural, good, caring, different from the junk - food - eating masses.2 Unlike conventional farming, the organic approach means farming with natural, rather than man - made, fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation (轮种) improve soil quality and help organic farmers compensate for the absence of man - made chemicals. As a method of food production, organic is, however, inefficient in its use of labour and land; there are severe limits to how much food can be produced. Also, the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of carbon dioxide emitted (排放)by transporting food.3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic farming worldwide continue to reject this claim. An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops. Even where results indicated there was evidence of a difference, the reviewers found no sign that these differences would have any noticeable effect on health.4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to be misleading. Food is a natural product, and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of reasons，including freshness，the way the food is cooked，the type of soil it is grown in, the amount of sunlight and rain crops have received, and so on. Likewise, the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was fertilised with manure (粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long ago it was dug up.5 The notion that organic food is safer than “normal” food is also contradicted by the fact that many of our most common foods are full of natural toxins (毒素).As one research expert says：“People think that the more natural somethi ng is, the better it is for them. That is simply not the case. In fact, it is the opposite that is true：the closer a plant is to its natural state, the more likely it is that it will poison you. Naturally, many plants do not want to be eaten, so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out harmful traits from crops.”23 Paragraph 1__________24 Paragraph 2__________25 Paragraph 3__________26 Paragraph 4__________A Research into whether organic food is betterB Description of organic farmingC Factors that affect food health valueD Necessity to remove hidden dangers from foodE Main reason for the popularity of organic foodF Testing the taste of organic food27 Techniques of organic farming help_____.28 There is no convincing evidence to_____.29 The weather conditions during the growth of crops_____.30 The closer a plant is to Its natural state, the less suitable it is to_____.A affect their nutritional contentB be specially trainedC improve soil qualityD be eatenE show that organic crops are safer than conventional onesF poison you第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题,每题3分,共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

2013年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2013年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题l分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A.sendB.hearC.confirmD.spread【答案】D【解析】句意：他的财政问题已经流言四起。

划线单词circulate意为“传播，流传”。

spread 传播，散布。

send发送，寄出。

hear听到。

confirm确认，确定。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A.shortenB.endC.startD.resume【答案】B【解析】句意：这两家公司的合同不久就要到期。

划线单词expire意为“期满；终止”。

end结束，终止。

shorten缩短。

start开始。

resume继续，恢复。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

e out,or I’ll bust the door down.A.shutB.breakC.setD.beat【答案】B【解析】句意：出来，不然的话我就要破门而入了。

划线单词bust意为“打碎”。

break 打破，弄破。

shut关闭。

set放置。

beat打败。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

4.She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A.offensiveB worriedC.sleepyD.anxious【答案】A【解析】句意：当她喝醉的时候，她就变得咄咄逼人。

划线单词aggressive意为“好斗的”。

offensive攻击的，冒犯的。

worried担忧的。

sleepy困乏的，瞌睡的。

anxious 焦虑的。

因此，本题的正确答案为A。

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(B级)试题(三)

2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

The Tough Grass that Sweetens Our LivesSugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose（蔗糖）and was chewed on for its sweet taste. Over time, sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant，grown throughout the world. ___ (46)Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery (糖果点心）to medicine, and, as the demand for sugar grew, the industry became larger and more profitable.___(47) Many crops withered (枯萎）and died, despite growers, attempts to save them, and there were fears that the health of the plant would continue to deteriorate.In the 1960s，scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger and more able to resist disease. They experimented with breeding programmes, mixing genes from the wild species of sugar cane, which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate, commercial type. ___ (48) This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially, but when this happens, it is expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry.___ (49) Brazil, which produces one quarter of the world’s sugar, has coordinated an international project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo. Teams of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are important for the production of sugar and its overall health.Despite all the research, however, we still do not fully understand how the genes function in sugar cane. ___ (50) This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust, a disease which probably originated in India, but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world. Scientists believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust.A Eventually, a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before, butalso much stronger and less likely to die from disease.B Since the 1960s, scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane，s geneticcode.C One major gene has been identified by Dr. Angelique D’Hont and her team in Montpelier,France.D The majority of the world's sugar now comes from this particular commercial species.E Sugar cane is now much more vigorous and the supply of sugar Is therefore more guaranteed.F Unfortunately, however, the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease.第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

2013年职称英语真题参考答案(理工类B级仅供参考)

2013职称英语考试试卷2013年职称英语综合类真题参考答案(理工类B级仅供参考)2013年职称英语考试落下帷幕，笔者及时整理了2013年职称英语理工类真题试卷及参考答案（B级），由于时间仓促，有不对请指证，相互学习。

预祝大家取得好成绩！2013职称英语理工类B级真题试卷及答案：第1部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A sendB hearC confirmD spread2.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A shortenB endC startD resumee out，or I’ll bust the door down.A shutB breakC setD beat4.She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A offensiveB worriedC sleepyD anxious5.As a politician，he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A expressB divideC influenceD voice6.She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A found by chanceB passed byC took a notice ofD woke up7.I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A aboutB atC withD from8.He paused，waiting for her to digest the information.A withholdB exchangeC understandD contact9.Make sure the table is securely anchored.A repairedB clearedC bookedD fixed10.There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A differentB strangeC wrongD funny11.These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A exploreB inhabitC preferD travel12.It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A rightB unbelievableC obviousD unclear13.The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A nakedB blindC cautiousD private14. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A taughtB keptC changedD attracted15.The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A generalB inflexibleC complexD direct第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

全国职称英语等级考试(理工类B级)章节题库(第3章概括大意和完成句子人物记述类)【圣才出品】

◆人物记述类Ford1.Ford’s great strength was the manufacturing process not invention.Long before he started a car company,he was a worker,known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines.He started putting cars together in 1891.Although it was by no means the first popular automobile,the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2.The company’s assembly line alone threw America’s Industrial Revolution into overdrive(高速运转).Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford’s friends,who were great toolmakers from Scotland,organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line.By the time Ford’s Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in1914,the world’s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every93minutes.3.The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5a day minimum wage scheme,the greatest contribution he had ever made.The average wage in the auto industry then was$2.34for a9hours shift.Ford not only doubled that,he also took an hour off the workday.In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn’t involve an awful lot of training or education.The Wall Street Journal called the plan“an economic crime”, and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4.But as the wage increased later to daily$10,it proved a critical component ofFord’s dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to all.The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car,the higher wages didn’t matter except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.23.Paragraph1______.24.Paragraph2______.25.Paragraph3______.26.Paragraph4______.27.The assembly line made it possible to______.28.Ford was the first to adopt______.29.Ford’s cars became available to ordinary people thanks to______.30.Ford’s higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly______.【答案与解析】23.F本段的最后一句话说到，T模型虽然谈不上是第一种通用汽车，但它向世界表明了Ford在把技术和市场结合在一起方面多么富有创造性。

职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题

职称英语《理工B》概括大意历年真题职称英语理工类b级考试真题篇一第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted,”joe,joe,joe!”A.jumpedB.repeatedC.maintainedD.approached答案为:A本题解析:A chant这个词的意思是“唱”，尤其是“反复、单调地唱或吟诵”。

本句中说窗外的人群反复呼喊Joe的名字，所以这里可以用repeat替代chant2、What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.A.confusesB.shocksC.influencesD.concerns答案为:C本题解析:C puzzle作动词用的意思是“感到不解、迷惑”，句子的意思是：令我不解的是为什么他的书如此受欢迎。

动词confuse恰好和puzzle同义，而且用法也相同3.The storm caused severe damage.A.entalD.serious答案为:A本题解析:A severe有“严厉的、严重的”多种意义。

severe damage是严重破坏，故可用serious代替。

又如：severe criticism严厉批评、severe situation严峻的形势、severe winter严冬、severe loss严重损失、severe teacher严厉的老师4.Our aim was to the health service, and we succeeded.A.offerB.modernizeC.provideD.fund案为:A5.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.A.slightlyB.pletely答案为:C本题解析:C utterly的意思是“完全”，和completely同义6.A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy.A.watchedB.gatheredC.shoutedD.walked答案为:D本题解析:D assemble是“集结”的意思，gather是具有这一词义的最普通的一个词7.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.A 。