2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题七非谓语动词专题训练

合集下载

高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题二 非谓语动词

高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题二 非谓语动词
As I got closer, I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. 当我走近时, 我看见他的腿在空中乱踢, 呼吸沉重。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
(2)表示 “使, 让” 的动词, 如make/let/have/get/keep/leave+宾语+补语
Father advised me to
say something. 父亲建议我说点什么。
常用动词不定式做主语补足语的句型有sb/sth be He is said to have been
said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought found in the street.
形式 用法
示例
现在分词
表示动作 正在进行
boilingwater 正沸腾的水 boiledwater 白开水
fallingleaves 正在下落的叶子
过去分词
表示动作 已经完成
fallenleaves 落叶 developingcountries 发展中国家 developedcountries 发达国家
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
提示
(1)某些过去分词(短语)已经形容词化, 它们既不表示被动, 也不表示完成,
而表示一种状态, 如lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of
等。
Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.

2021年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习课件:专题七 非谓语动词

2021年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习课件:专题七 非谓语动词

7.“疑问词+不定式”结构。 “疑问词+不定式”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语 等成分。 I find it difficult to decide what to do at the moment. 我发现一时很难决定该做什么。(宾语) When to start has not been decided. 何时动身还未定。(主语)
宾语
letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。
表示一般的 习惯或抽象 行为或经常 性的动作
表语
His hobbyllecting stamps 名词作表语可转
is his hobby.他的爱好是集邮。换成作主语
定语
She is in the reading room.她 在阅览室里。
谢谢观赏
Please remember to post my letter. 请记住把我的信寄走。
forget to do sth.忘记做某事(动作未发生)
3. forget
doing
sth.忘记做过某事(动作已发生)
I forgot to bring my homework.
我忘记带作业了。
She forgot meeting him before. 她忘记以前见过他了。
(2)作原因状语时,常和表示情绪的形容词连用。 I was surprised to see him there. 我真没想到会在那里见到他。 (3)作结果状语时,表示出乎意料的结果,常与 only, just 连用。表示自然而然的结果,要用现在分词。试比较: I went to see him only to find him out. 我去看他,不料他出去了。 The parents died,leaving the child an orphan. 父母死了,孩子成了孤儿。

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解

高中英语语法非谓语动词详解高中英语语法非谓语动词详解在高级英语语法中,非谓语动词是非常重要的一部分,也是理解和掌握英语语法的关键。

非谓语动词在句子中扮演着重要的角色,可以表达不同的意思和功能。

本文将详细解释非谓语动词的定义、类型和用法,并通过实例进行分析和解释。

一、定义和类型非谓语动词指的是在句子中不作为主要动词的动词形式,它们可以表达动词本身的含义,但没有主语和谓语动词。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种类型。

1、动词不定式:动词不定式是以“to+”动词原形构成的,表示动词的不同形式,如“to do”、“to being”、“to have done”等。

2、动名词:动名词是在动词后加上“-ing”构成的,表示动词的现在分词形式,如“playing”、“swimming”、“jumping”等。

3、分词:分词是动词的过去分词形式,分为现在分词和过去分词两种。

现在分词表示动词的动作正在进行,如“running”、“singing”、“dancing”等;过去分词表示动词的动作已经完成,如“finished”、“eaten”、“read”等。

二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中可以扮演不同的成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。

下面我们通过具体的例子来分析非谓语动词的用法:1、动词不定式:在句子中,动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。

例如,“To learn English is important”(学习英语很重要)中,动词不定式“to learn English”作为主语;或者在“I want to go home”(我想回家)中,动词不定式“to go home”作为宾语。

2、动名词:在句子中,动名词可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。

例如,“Playing sports is fun”(做运动很有趣)中,动名词“Playing sports”作为主语;或者在“I enjoy listening to music”(我喜欢听音乐)中,动名词“listening to music”作为宾语。

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题五介词专题训练

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题五介词专题训练

介词Ⅰ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1.Many people who live along the coast make a living ________ fishing industry.解析:许多住在海边的人都是靠渔业谋生的。

此处用介词in,不用by,因为by后面通常接做什么事情来谋生,此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里谋生,故填in。

答案:in2.I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry ________ a conversation with her.解析:句意:我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行对话。

carry on“继续进行,从事”,故填on。

答案:on3.Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃________ the average.解析:句意:去年是有纪录以来最热的一年,全球平均气温上升0.68度。

With 的宾语global temperature,宾语补足above the average。

故填above。

答案:above4.China's soft power grows in line________the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.解析:句意:中国的软实力增长与全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。

in line with“按照;与…一致”是固定搭配。

故填with。

答案:with5.The dictionary is________of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.解析:句意:这本字典过时了:自从它被出版,很多单词被增加到这个语言中。

2021届高三英语二轮(新高考)复习专项导练:非谓语动词

2021届高三英语二轮(新高考)复习专项导练:非谓语动词

2021届高三英语二轮(新高考)复习专项导练:非谓语动词命题趋势非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一,它不仅有时态的变化、语态的不同,同时还要注意它所表达的逻辑关系,这些都是非谓语动词用法的难点。

近年来,新高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出,所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有:现在分词和过去分词基础知识;现在分词和过去分词句法功能;现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析;现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成;现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。

另外,对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能;对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。

考点清单一、非谓语动词作状语1.不定式作状语①表示原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后),如:We were very excited to hear the news.①表示目的(可用so as to/in order to替换,但so as to一般不可置于句首),如:To get there on time I got up very early.①表示结果(常表出乎意料的结果,常为only to do),如:He rushed to school only to find there was nobody there.2.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别(1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。

如:Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.(2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。

如:Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示被动关系,其前不用being。

这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、stationed(驻扎)、lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)、born in(出身于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦了)等。

广东省高中英语学业水平测试(小高考)同步复习课件 语法突破 考点七 非谓语动词

广东省高中英语学业水平测试(小高考)同步复习课件 语法突破 考点七 非谓语动词
考点七 非谓语动词
-2-
考点 考纲解读
1.了解三种非谓语 动词的基本用法、 时态与语态形式的 变化及其句法功能, 非谓语 并能在具体的语境 动词 中正确运用。 2.掌握非谓语动词 作主语、宾语、定 语、状语、表语及 补足语时的区别。
命题趋势
学业水平考试对非谓语动词的考 查会较多地关注与语境的结合,尽 管设题的出发点是非谓语动词最 基本的用法,但这种考查是在句意 理解的基础上进行的。
-3-
第1步 技法探究 一、非谓语动词的各种形式 非谓语动词根据其表示动作的发生时间和意义可以有不同的形式。
非谓语动词 形式
一般式:to do/to be done
不定式
进行式:to be doing 完成式:to have done/to have been done
否定式:not/never to do
-7-
(2)只跟动名词作宾语的动词 advise,admit,advocate,allow,appreciate,avoid,enjoy,delay,deny,can’t help,consider,miss,fancy,finish,forbid,practise,imagine,suggest,escape, resist,risk,mind,feel like,insist on,set about等。 例:It was fortunate that Jack narrowly escaped being killed in a traffic accident. Do you feel like going out for a 均可,且意义差别不大的动词 like,love,prefer,hate,begin,start,intend,continue等,这些动词后面接动 词不定式多指具体的动作;接动名词多指一般或习惯性行为。 例:He likes to have a walk after dinner,but he didn’t like to because of the cold this evening. 例:She started playing/to play the violin when she was four She intended to come/coming back soon. He continued studying/to study as if nothing had happened. (4)跟不定式和动名词作宾语意义相同,但形式不同的动词 作“需要”讲时,need,want,require后接v.-ing形式和不定形式所表示 的意义相同,但是v.-ing形式用主动式,不定式用被动式。 例:Your T-shirt needs washing/to be washed. My bicycle wants repairing/to be repaired.

高三英语 基础知识必备 专题七 非谓语动词

高三英语 基础知识必备 专题七 非谓语动词

非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词命题规律非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。

动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点。

考纲要求掌握:非谓语动词的时态和语态;他们在英语句子中的作用;非谓语动词的基本用法和含义,非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分,比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等;掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析;掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。

非谓语动词高考常考点:(1)非谓语动词的时态和语态主动形式被动形式动词不定式一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have doneto have beendone完成进行式to have beendoing动词-ing 形式一般式doing being done完成式having donehaving beendone过去分词只有一种形式done(2)非谓语动词作状语①不定式作状语:a.作目的状语,有时用in order to或so as to。

b. 作结果状语,常用结构enough to,too...to...,only to等。

c. 作原因状语,此时常与表示情感的形容词连用,如glad,happy,frightened,surprised等。

d. 在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”的结构中,常用主动形式表示被动含义。

②动词-ing形式(现在分词)作状语:a. 动词-ing形式(现在分词)作状语时与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生,having done表示先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作。

b. 动词-ing形式(现在分词)可作时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果、让步等状语。

③过去分词作状语:a. 过去分词作状语时与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动作发生。

b. 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,此时作状语时相当于形容词作状语。

中考英语二轮复习语法系列第七讲非谓语动词素材

中考英语二轮复习语法系列第七讲非谓语动词素材

非谓语动词概述在句子中充当除谓语动词以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词包括不定式(to do),动名词(-ing),现在分词(-ing),过去分词(-ed)。

他们不受主语人称和数的限制,在句子中不能充当谓语动词,但是可以充当句子的其他成分,并且有时态和语态的变化,所以要正确使用非谓语形式,一定要理解不同形式所表现的意义,要明确非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是“主动”还是“被动”关系,所表示的动作是“过去”,“现在”,还是“将来”,以及和谓语动词所表现的动作是同步发生还是有先后之分。

不定式一、不定式的句法功能1.不定式做主语To see is to believe眼见为实To work means to earn a living工作就是为了谋生Tip:不定式做主语,太长的时候,通常用形式主语it来代替。

It is impossible for us to live without clean water.没有干净的水,我们是不可能生存的(it来代替to live without clean water)2.不定式做宾语We need to take measures to prevent people from damaging environment.我们应该采取措施阻止人们破坏环境I want to watch TV.我想看电视3.不定式做表语(说明主语的内容、性质、特征)主语通常是表意向、打算、计划的词,如:wish,idea,task,purpose,duty,dream,aim 等,常用to do 不定式做表语My dream is to be a teacher.我的梦想是成为一名老师My duty is to take good care of my little sister.我的责任就是照顾我的妹妹4.不定式做定语(后置定语,来修饰名词)常见不定式做后置定语的词:way,ability,chance,time,place,the first,the second,the only,the last 等I have a lot of homework to do .我有许多作业要做He is the first to come and the last to leave.他是第一个来的,最后一个走的She has enough money to buy a computer.她有足够的钱买一台电脑5.不定式做宾补(V+sb to do sth)My mother tells me to do my homework first.我的妈妈告诉我要先做作业He invited us to go for a picnic last weekend.上周末他邀请我们去野餐6.不定式做状语(状语是用来修饰动词的)(1)做目的状语I come here to tell you that I have finished doing my homework.我来是为了告诉你我的作业已经写完了(to tell you...做目的状语)He bought a bag of food to eat他买了一包食物吃(to eat 做目的状语)(2)做结果状语He got to the station,only to find the train has already left .他到达车站,发现火车已经离开了(火车离开是结果状语)He is too young to go to school.他太小了而不能上学(不能去上学是结果)(3)原因状语I am sorry to hear that you lost your wallet.听说你的钱包丢了我很难过(难过的原因是钱包丢了)They were excited to hear the news.他们听到这个消息很激动(激动的原因是听到了消息)二、接不定式作宾语的动词(V+to do sth)afford(支付得起),agree(同意),aks(要求)choose(选择),continue(继续),decide(决定)dare(敢于),expect(期望),fail(失败)help(帮助),hope(希望),learn(学),like(喜欢)manage(成功),offer(提供)plan(计划)prepare(准备),promise(承诺),prefer(更喜欢)refuse(拒绝),want(想要),wish(希望)三、接不定式作宾补的动词(V+sb to do sth)tell,ask,want,wish,warn,teach,expect,encourage,allow,advise,remind,require,requ est,permit,persuade,order,need,leave,invite,hate,force,command,beg等四、不带to的动词不定式(1)感官动词hear,see,watch,notice,feel等后跟不带to的不定式感官动词+sb+do sth表示:动作的全过程感官动词+sb+doing sth表示:动作正在进行(2)使役动词make,let,have(使,让)+ sb do sth 让某人做某事。

最新高中英语学业水平考试复习:语法专题七 名词性从句(高二合格性考试)

最新高中英语学业水平考试复习:语法专题七 名词性从句(高二合格性考试)

专题七名词性从句基础知识过关名词性从句, 即指性质相当于名词的从句, 它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连词That she is a rich woman is known to us all. (主语从句)她是个有钱的女人, 我们大家都知道。

Do you know whom they are looking for? (宾语从句)你知道他们在找谁吗?They have no idea at all where he has gone. (同位语从句)他们根本不知道他去哪儿了。

That is why she had a day off yesterday. (表语从句)那就是她昨天请假的原因。

二、使用名词性从句应注意几个问题1. 无论是连接代词还是连接副词引导的名词性从句, 从句中的语序都用陈述语序, 而不用疑问语序。

What we don’t doubt is that the patient will soon recover.This is where we held the dance party last time.2. 名词性从句作主语时, 相当于第三人称单数, 此时谓语动词用单数。

但what引导的从句作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数通常取决于表语。

When and where the meeting will be held is being discussed now.What I want are some books while what he wants is a new bicycle.3. 由that引导的名词性从句(1)that在名词性从句中不作成分, 也没有词义, 只起连接作用。

(2)that在宾语从句中有时可省略, 但当主句中的动词后接两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句时, 第一个that可省略, 但后面的that均不可省略。

(3)在in, but或except后的名词性从句可由that引导。

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题二名词专题训练

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题二名词专题训练

名词Ⅰ.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ________ (patient).解析:句意:无论什么时候我犯错,老师都耐心地把它们指出来。

介词with后应接名词,patience“耐心”。

答案:patience2.The US government has taken ________ (measure) to prevent the campus violence from taking place.解析:句意:美国政府已经采取措施阻止校园暴力的发生。

take measures“采取措施”,为固定搭配。

答案:measures3.Does anyone know the title ________ the novel?解析:句意:有人知道这部小说的书名吗?该句考查of短语构成的名词所有格。

答案:of4.Don't try to persuade your boss; he won't have the ________ (intent) of employing me—a fresh student.解析:句意:不要试图说服你的老板,他不会打算聘用我这样一个应届毕业生的。

intention“打算,意图”;have the intention of doing sth.“有干某事的打算”。

答案:intention5.—Do you think I should wear a hat to the party?—It all depends on your own ________ (prefer).解析:句意:——你认为我应该戴顶帽子去参加聚会吗?——这完全取决于你的个人喜好。

preference“偏爱,优先权”,符合句意。

答案:preference6.In fact, the renovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers' housing ________ (conditional) in recent years.解析:句意:事实上,这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目的一小步。

2024届高考英语学业水平测试复习第二部分专题七非谓语动词课件

2024届高考英语学业水平测试复习第二部分专题七非谓语动词课件

6.As far as I am concerned,you really have got to get your bike ________ (repair). 7._______ (check) the windows were closed,he left the dormitory. 8.The study shows there is a deep fear among the elderly of ______ (abandon) to the care of strangers. 9 . What she tries to achieve is ________ (prepare) herself for university. 10.His attention ________ (fix) on the game on his smartphone,the student didn't notice his teacher standing behind him.
6.repaired 在该句中含有“get+宾语+宾补”结构,repair与 bike是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作宾补,故填repaired。 7.Having checked 句意:检查窗户关上后,他离开了宿舍。he 与check之间是主谓关系,且check发生在left之前,要用现在分词 完成式。故填Having checked. 8.being abandoned 句意:研究表明,老年人如果被舍弃给陌生 人照顾,会有很深的恐惧感。介词of后接动词时用动名词形式, 且the elderly与abandon之间是动宾关系,要用动名词的一般被动 式。故填being abandoned. 9.to prepare “to+动词”表目的。故填to prepare。

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题一冠词专题训练.docx

2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题一冠词专题训练.docx

冠词I.用适当的冠词填空,不需要的画1.We' re trying to think of way out to solve the problem, but it's quitedifficult to find one.解析:该空泛指一种解决问题的方法,用不定冠词a。

答案:a2.As a teacher, Monica is success, but as a singer, she is failure.解析:句意:作为一位老师,莫妮卡是一个成功者,而作为一名歌手,她却是一个失败者。

抽象名词success和failure在此指具体的人或事物(即抽象名词具体化),前面应加不定冠词a o 答案:a; a3.He went to hospital to attend his sick father three times week.解析:句意:他每周三次去医院照顾他生病的父亲。

a在句中表示“每一;一”的概念。

答案:a4.Michael Kemeter, Austrian climber, climbed a skyscraper in Changsha on September 15 this year.解析:句意:迈克尔•凯米特,一个奥地利的攀登者,于今年9月15日爬上了长沙的一座摩天大楼。

该空泛指一名攀登者,且Austrian的首字母发音为元音音素,故用不定冠词an。

答案:an5.All of sudden some passengers on board let out screams, running upstairs like crazy.解析:句意:突然,一些在甲板上的乘客发出尖叫声,疯狂地跑上楼梯。

all of a sudden 为固定短语,意为“突然答案:a6.Of the two poems, I like the shorter one better. I think it's reallymost interesting one.解析:该空泛指一首非常有趣的诗。

2024_2025学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题七非谓语动词专题训练

2024_2025学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题七非谓语动词专题训练

其次部分基础语法突破专题七非谓语动词Ⅰ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空1.________ (climb) mountains is really fun.解析:句意:爬山真是好玩。

动名词在句中作主语。

答案:Climbing2.________ (control) her anger, Maria turned around and walked away from him.解析:句意:为了克制生气,玛丽亚转身离开了他。

依据句意及句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。

答案:To control3.The smart watch has become the latest high­tech trend, _____ (allow) wearers to take calls without touching their phones.解析:句意:这款智能手表已经成为最新的高科技趋势,它可以让戴的人不碰电话就接听。

分析句子结构可知,allow和the smart watch是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处应用动词的­ing形式。

答案:allowing4.It is said that sixty percent of all energy ________ (produce) in the world today is being lost as wasted heat.解析:句意:据说现在世界上生产的60%的能源正在以废热的形式流失。

分析句子成分可知,produce与其逻辑主语energy之间是动宾关系,故此处用过去分词作后置定语。

答案:produced5.All modern American literature comes from a book ________ (call) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.解析:此处called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn作定语修饰a book,意为“一本被叫作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的书”。

2021年新高考英语语法突破讲义:非谓语动词

2021年新高考英语语法突破讲义:非谓语动词

第二讲非谓语动词语法填空【典题试做】1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to__perform(perform) consistently over a large area.2.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for being(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.4.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans to__retire(retire) from her 36-year-old business.5.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call saying(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.6.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to__get(get) there.7.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.8.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long to__see(see) the benefit.9.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying(die) early by running.10.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to__improve(improve) water quality.11.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.12.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to__stay(stay) and watch.13.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.14.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)They are required to__process(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.15.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.16.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term resting(rest).非谓语动词是高考考查的重点,其中非谓语动词作状语、定语仍是重中之重。

2021年高考英语二轮复习考点讲解:非谓语动词

2021年高考英语二轮复习考点讲解:非谓语动词

知识点一、非谓语动词作状语1.非谓语动词作意图状语,要想到用不定式;To succeed, we must make good preparation.要取得成功有必要做好预备。

2.非谓语动词作随同状语,要想到用现在分词;The students rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking.学生们又说又笑地冲出教室。

3.非谓语动词作成果状语,表明出人意料的成果要想到用不定式,表明必定的成果要想到用现在分词;He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.他仓促赶到车站成果却发现火车现已离开了。

(表出人意料的成果)(陕西卷)More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.我国又建了更多高速公路,这使人们从一处到另一处的出行变得更简单了。

(表成果)4.非谓语动词作原因状语,表明“喜怒哀乐”的描述词要想到用不定式;非谓语动词作时刻状语、条件状语和原因状语等要想到用分词。

I am only too glad to see everything settled.看到一切问题都处理了,我很快乐。

Being tired, he went to bed early.由于很累,他很早就睡了。

Seeing the police, the thieves ran away.看到差人,小偷就跑了。

源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语,表明语句主语地点的一种情况,常见的有seated(坐着的),devoted(专心的),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿戴)等。

【特别提示】Absorbed in his book, he didn’tnotice me enter the room.他专心读书,没留意到我进入房间。

山东省2021届高考英语二轮复习考点透析解密07非谓语动词讲义+分层训练

山东省2021届高考英语二轮复习考点透析解密07非谓语动词讲义+分层训练

解密07非谓语动词【命题趋势】非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一,它不仅有时态的变化、语态的不同,而且还要格外注意其所表达的逻辑关系,这些都是非谓语动词用法的难点。

近年来,高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出,所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有:现在分词和过去分词基础知识;现在分词和过去分词句法功能;现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析;现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成;现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。

另外,对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能;对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。

【名师指导】非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。

解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

非谓语题的解题总方法如下:1. 先看四个答案:如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。

2. 看符号:中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号(有时中间没有逗号);3. 看有没有连接词(引导词)。

如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。

4. 定语态:如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用现在分词;如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),那么答案一般用过去分词。

5. 定时态:如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式(to have done/to havebeen done/ having done/ Having been done),否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(to do / to be done / doing / beingdone / done)。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

第二部分基础语法突破专题七非谓语动词Ⅰ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空1.________ (climb) mountains is really fun.解析:句意:爬山真是有趣。

动名词在句中作主语。

答案:Climbing2.________ (control) her anger, Maria turned around and walked away from him.解析:句意:为了克制愤怒,玛丽亚转身离开了他。

根据句意及句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。

答案:To control3.The smart watch has become the latest high­tech trend, _____ (allow) wearers to take calls without touching their phones.解析:句意:这款智能手表已经成为最新的高科技趋势,它可以让戴的人不碰电话就接听。

分析句子结构可知,allow和the smart watch是逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处应用动词的­ing形式。

答案:allowing4.It is said that sixty percent of all energy ________ (produce) in the world today is being lost as wasted heat.解析:句意:据说现在世界上生产的60%的能源正在以废热的形式流失。

分析句子成分可知,produce与其逻辑主语energy之间是动宾关系,故此处用过去分词作后置定语。

答案:produced5.All modern American literature comes from a book ________ (call) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.解析:此处called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn作定语修饰a book,意为“一本被叫作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的书”。

答案:called6.This restaurant, ________ (own) by an old couple, has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.解析:分析题干可知,own与restaurant之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此,空格处应该使用过去分词。

答案:owned7.As a young man, he'd rather have a room of his own, however small it is, than ________ (share) a room with someone else.解析:句意:作为一个年轻人,他宁愿有一个属于自己的房间,不管有多小,也不愿和其他人合住。

would rather do sth.than do sth.“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”,为固定结构,故此处用动词原形share。

答案:share8.It is a waste of time ________ (persuade) such a person to join us.解析:句意:劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。

It is a waste of time doing sth.“做某事是浪费时间”。

答案:persuading9.________(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.解析:be lost in sth.为固定搭配,意为“全神贯注于……,沉浸于……”。

过去分词短语Lost in thought在句中作原因状语。

答案:Lost10.________(dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident.解析:句意:穿着她最喜欢的裙子,她看起来更自信了。

be dressed in“穿着”,表示一种状态,故用过去分词作状语。

答案:Dressed11.We agreed ________ (meet) here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.解析:句意:我们约好了在这里见面,但她到现在还没有出现。

不定式在句中作agree 的宾语。

答案:to meet12.Almost all metals are good conductors, silver________(be) the best of all.解析:句意:几乎所有的金属都是良好的导体,其中银是最好的。

句中的两部分由逗号分隔,无连词,逗号前面是含有谓语动词的句子;逗号后的部分有其主语silver,由此可推断,逗号后需要用独立主格形式。

还原成句子应为“Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.”。

答案:being13.While ________ (celebrate) the progress that has been made to date,humans still have a long way to go to defeat cancer.解析:句意:当人类为目前所取得的成就而庆祝时,在抗癌方面,其实还有很长的路要走。

现在分词作状语,表示与其逻辑主语humans之间是主动关系。

答案:celebrating14.Greatly _______ (encourage), the researcher into agriculture began to study this particular type of plant.解析:句意:受到了极大的鼓舞,这位农业研究人员开始研究这种特殊的植物。

the researcher与encourage之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作状语,表示被动。

答案:encouraged15.She was the first woman ________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games.解析:句意:她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。

当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时,则用不定式作其后置定语。

答案:to win16.I'd like to see the plan ________ (carry) out.解析:句意:我想看到这个计划被执行。

plan与carry out之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。

答案:carried17.________ (remind) not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.解析:句意:尽管被提醒不要酒后开车,一些司机仍然心存侥幸,这十分危险。

remind 和主语some drivers之间是动宾关系,所以应用过去分词作状语。

答案:Reminded18.The flood last month in the east was a real disaster, ________ (leave) 19 people dead and 78 missing.解析:句意:上个月在东部的洪水真的是一场灾难。

它导致19人死亡,78人失踪。

leave 的逻辑主语是the flood, 二者之间构成主谓关系。

故答案为leaving。

答案:leaving19.Paul doesn't have to be made ________ (learn).He always works hard.解析:make后接动词不定式作宾补时需要省掉to, 但是当make用于被动语态,要还原to。

答案:to learn20.The sunlight is white and blinding, ________ (throw) hard­edged shadows onthe ground.解析:句意:阳光明亮刺眼,在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。

throw与The sunlight之间为主动关系,且表示伴随,因此填throwing。

答案:throwing21.—What's that noise?—There's a truck stopping outside.It's someone ____________ (deliver) something.解析:句意:——噪音怎么回事?——有一辆卡车停在外边,有人正在搬运东西。

deliver 与所修饰词someone之间是主动关系,强调动作正在进行,故填delivering。

答案:delivering22.Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night, he finally found himself ________ (lose) in the forest.解析:句意:整个晚上在黑暗中,他努力探索出路,但最终发现自己在森林中迷路了。

lose与宾语himself之间为动宾关系,故填lost。

答案:lost23.The movie Jurassic Park was a big hit, with its novel idea ________ (strike) a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.解析:句意:电影《侏罗纪公园》非常成功,它新颖的想法使人们感到既恐惧,又兴奋。

本句是“with+宾语+宾补”结构。

strike与idea之间为主动关系,故用striking。

答案:striking24.The old couple, ________ (live) in the small village for years,can tell the names of all the villagers.解析:分析句子成分可知,主语The old couple和live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系;且句中有表示一段时间的时间状语for years,因此用live的现在分词的完成式。

答案:having lived25.I've worked with different kinds of people before, so I know what ________ (do) in my new job.解析:此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。

相关文档
最新文档