2020年高考英语试卷(北京卷附答案)

2020年高考英语试卷（北京卷附答案）英语本试卷共12页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

第一部分，知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给岀提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AOliVer is a host Of a TV PrOgranmle On food. He SayS food 1 (PIay) a big role In ħis 丘fb. l,My mum WaS a great cook, and she,d SOmetlmeS Iet me have a try," he said. Tlle first dish Oln er PrePared for his family WaS filed ChlCken wings. He made it With IIiS mum,s help. OIn er SayS if VOUre 2 (IUCk) enough to have SOmeOne CIOSe to you WhO eιyoys co oking, ask them 3 you Canjoln In Whell its possible.BSingle-USe PIaStIC bags are USed at IllOSt a few tmιes before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds Of years 5 (break) down. Many Of these bags end UP in the OCeaIl Where Iarger OneS Call troρ Se a Creanlres, SUCh as turtles and dolphins. O^ er time, the bags fall apart 6 COIUItIeSS tmy pieces, and fish Cam accidentally eat SOme Of them. Now, IOtS Of 7 (COUntrV)and regions are taking action to ban die Sale Of SUCh bags to StOP PeOPle USIng tlιeιn.CA PIeCe Of StOne 8 (find) on a DlItCh beach SUggeStS that OUr extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals,Were CleVerer tlιaιι PrevIOUSly thouglιt. The NeallderthalS 9 (IiVe) alongside human ancestors In EUrOPe for tens Of thousands Of years, before dymg OUt about 40. 000 years ago. They Were much StrOnger than modern huιnans, but its IOngbeen assumed tlιat human ancestors Were 10 ( SnIart) than the Neanderthals. HOweVertthe StOne tool made by Neanderthals SUggeStS Otherwise.第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1・5分，共30分)My faith In human nature IlaS never been SO great as it WaS IaSt Weekend after OUr family get-together In the town of∖¾ιl.On Sanlrda¾ We all Went to the Illarket IIght in the middle Of die town. Near the end. We all 11 at the fbuntam neardie bridge, and the kids Waded (踵水)around iιι the fountain Ilntil We 12 TlUS is One Of the busiest WaIkillg streets.After We Ienlnled to t he hotel Iate iιι die afternoon, my 7-year-old SOn POnder 13 that nowhere COUld he find IliS backpack, which 14 his GamebOy and his watch. After a thorough 15 We determined that he must have Ieft It at the fbuntain.POnder has IIeVer 16 anything. SO We just take for granted that Ile needs no SUPen W ISion (扌旨导)for managing his 17 He WaS IIPSet not about the Gameboy, but about the WatCh- M Bllt Dad? he said, tlιrouglι massive 18M tlley don,t make tlιat kind Of WatCh anymore.π W⅛ Were all VerV19OUr dmιιer reservation WaS at a IeStalIrallt jιιst On the other SIde Of the bridge, SO I 20 IHill that We WOUld not OlIly SearCh die area aroιιnd the fbιuιtaιn When We Went back for dinner, but We would also find the POliCe and ask them if the backpack Ilad been 21AS We exited the Parking garage. We COUld See the fbuntam as We WaIked down the IOlIg staircase. I Saw Something black22 there, but it WaS right next to a WOman StaIldmg by the fountain. SO I COUld not 23 what it WaS or If it WaS hers.H See it. Dad?H POnder shouted. H DOlrt get too 24 b ecause that nιay not be it," I said. BUt that WaS it. It had been five or SiX hours SmCe We Ieft the fountain. aιιd it was 25 there. Tllere WaS no ID iιι it, and It IOOked IIke SOmeOne had IOOked tlιrough it an d then Set It right OUt Wllere all COUId 26 it.I IIteralIV 27 W hen We IeaChed it and it WaS IliS! EVeryOne In OUr Party WaS blown away by tlιis H niiraCle (奇迹)l,. Iii my WiIdeSt 28 I WOUld never have Inlagmed that this COUld happen IlOWadays.What a Charmed life, eh? I believe this WaS a PerfeCt 29 for a ChIld in IOSillg SOmetlllng ImPOrtant.. .toIOSe it and feel die fiιll 30 Of that loss, aιιd tlιeιι to miraculously get it back.( ) 11. A. CkOVe B. hiked C. met D Ilnlted( ) 12. A. Iallded BIeft C. Settled D. SlePt( ) 13. A. IeSPOnded B. recognized C. realised D. recalled( ) 14. A. COntamed B. COmbmed C. COmPrISed D. COVered( ) 15. A. PreParatIOn B. CheCkllP C. revision D. SearCh( )16. A. WaSted B. IOSt C.SOUgh D. deserted ( )17. A. emotion B. time C. money D. SnIff( )18. A. tears B. fists C. IeliefS D. OUtbreakS ( )19. A. hesitant B. CunoUS C. Sad D. eager( )20. A. PrOnlISed B. Illfbrmed C. Wamed D. taught( )21. A. WOnl OUt B. CaUght UP C. PUt ava D. turned in ( )22. A. hιdmg B. SIttmg C. SWiilging D. flowing ( )23. A. assess B. declare C. te∏ D. PrediCt( )24. A. excited B. PUZZled C. relaxed D. amused( )25. A. already B. e∙∖∙en C. aħnost D. StIil( )26. A. take B. See C. touch D. PrOteCt( )27. A. PanICked B. exploded C. COIIaPSed D. Cried( )28. A. dreams B. CIaiInS C. efforts D. PaSSiOnS ( )29. A. mode B. IeSSon C. OPtion D. PlOt( )30. A. Iange B. PreSSllre C. ght D.ha∏∙est第二部分：阅读理解（共两节.40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）ALanCOm is a worldwide Iangllage Ieanlmg app and a Ieader Ul the Onlme IanglIage Iearnmg InduStry With millions Of active subscribers. We house a broad Iange Of experts Umted by the COmlnOn goal Of Creatiilg the best language IeamlIlg tools possible. With advice from A I specialists, art designers and CUlnlre IeSearChers, OUr multi-language experts endow (!!武予)LallCOm With an enormous POtentIal for IllnOVatiOn WIthln die WOrld Of language leanmg. Ollr courses, totalluιg 20.000 hours Of COntent In 20 dιfiereιιt languages, guarantee you IanglIage SkillS you CaIl USe right away.At the Core Of LanCOm is a WOIIdYlaSS effective IllethOd that enlιances language IeaIluIg WItll advanced technology.EXamPleS and dialogues are IeCOrded Witll Ieal native SPeakerS mstead Of automatic computers. LanCOm trams your brain to Iearn efficiently, SO you absorb more InfbnllatiOn WIIlle m the app and COntinUe Ieanmg OUtSIde Of it. Tlle app makes OUr PraCtiCal IallglIage IeSSOnS available WhereVer and whenever We WOrk directly for OUr Ieaners, not for any tlιιrd Party And it,s all SUPPOrted by an efficient CUStOmer SerViCe team, available tlιrough telephone, email and OnIlile chat.MiniOnS Of IeamerS IIaVe their OWn StOrieS and their OWn IeaSonS for Ieaniing a IleW language. LanCOm CareS about you and addresses your IndlVldUaI Iearning type. LanCOm is tlιe OnIy PrOdUCt to Ofier COlirSeS tailored to your native language, building On grammar and words you already know. Oτιr COntent IS about real-life topics tlιat are relevant because We know WIlat matters to you is What StiCkS best. You WiIL find it Very IeWardmg to Iearn With LanCOm-Blly With confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you areιι,t satisfied, just Wnte to CUStOmer SerViCeWithlil 21 days.COntaCt & Support: ClIStOmerSen-ice@31.WhO Can provide LanCOm With a huge POtentIal for innovation in Iearmiig? ( )A.CUlnIre researchers.B. AI SPeCiaiiStS・C. LanglIage experts.D. Art designers.32.Wllat IieS at the COre Of the LalICOm app? ( )A. A flexible system.B. An eSectπ*e method.C. The bram-traimng technique.D. Tlle informative content.nCOm CIailnS that it is UlliqUe in its ___________ .( )A.PerSOnalISed COUrSeSB. multiple IangllageSC. PriCmg POliCyD. SemCe teamBBaggyhaS become the first dog In die UK—and POtentIaIly the WOrld—to jom the fight against air POllUtIOnby IeCOrdmg POnUtant IeVelS near the groιmd.Baggy WearS a POnUtIOn monitor on Iler COnar SO She Can take data measurements ClOSe to the ground. Her monitor has ShOWn that air POlIUtIOn IeVelS are IlIgher ClOSer to groimd level, WhICh has helped IlIghlIglIt COllCemS that babies and young kids may be at higher risk Of developing IUng PrOblems.COiIVentlOlIal air POlIUtIOn monitors are noπnally fixed On IamPPOStS at about IliIle feet m the air. HOWeVe匚SmCe Baggy StaildS at about the Same heιglιt as a Child iιι a PUShCIlaIr （婴丿L车），She &equeιιtly records POnUtIOn IeVelS WhiCh are much IHgher than the data gathered by the Environment A geιιcy.The doggy data IeSearCh WaS the Idea Of Baggy's 13∙vea-old OWner TOm Hunt aιιd his dad Matt. Tlle EngESh youn gster IlOtiCed that POIhItIOn IeVElS are around ∏vo-thirds Illgher ClOSe to the ground tlιaιι they are In die air at the height Where they are IeCOrded by the agency. TOm IlaS SilICe Iq）Orted the ShOCkmg findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at ħiglιer risk Of developing astlmιa （哮喘）.Matt HUnt Said he WaS "very PrOUd H Of IIIS SOn because β∖vhen the boy gets aιι idea, he keeps IliS Ilead down and gets On WIth it, and he Ieally does want to do SOme good aιιd StOP yoιuιg kids from getting astlmιa∕* fcfc Tom built UP a PaSSion for emironmental PrOteCtiOn at a Very early age," Matt added. He became Very IntereSted In gadgets （彳、装置）・ A bout One year ago. he got this IleW PieCe Of tech WhiCh is Iike a test tube. Olle SUllday afternoon. We Went OUt to do SOme momtormg, and he said, Why don,t We PUt it On Baggy,s COllar and Iet her monitor the POllUtIon? ,So We did ιt.πTom said, H MOSt Of the time, Baggy IS just Iike any Other dog. BUt for the IeSt Of the time She is a SUPer dog, and We are all Ieany PrOlId Ofher M34.With a monitor on Iler COlIaE Baggy Call _________________ .（）A.take POnUtailt readingsB. IeCOrd POllUtant IevelSC. PrOCeSS COIleCted dataD. IedUCe air POlhItIOn35.What Can We Ieanl from the Baggy data? （）A.HIgh PIaCeS are free Of air POIhItion.B. HIgher PlIShChaIrS are more IiSky for kids.C. ConVentlOnal monitors are more reliable.D. Air is more POllUted ClOSer to the ground.36. What is TOms PlIrPOSe Of doing the IeSearch? （）A. TO Wan Of a IleaIth risk.B. TO find OUt POlIUtlOn sources.C. TO test his new monitor.D. TO proλ∙ e Baggy's abilities.37.ACCOrdmg to the passage. WlIiCh WOrd CalI best describe TOm Hunt?（）A. Modest.B. GenerOus.C. Creati∖∙ e.D. Outgoing.CFOr the PaSt five years. PaUla Smith, a IIiStOrIan Of science, has devoted IlerSelf to Ie-Creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing IeSearCh for her IleW book, She Came across a 16tlι-centτuy FrenCh manuscript （手稿）COnSISting Of nearly LOOO SetS Of m stnιctions, COVeiing SlIbjeCtS from tool making to findmg tlιe best sand.The authors IntelltIOn IemainS as mysterious （神〔秘）as IliS name; he may have been SimPly taking notes for his own IeCOrds. BUt Snlith WaS StnICk IlIalnly by the fact tlιat She dιdn,t tnιly grasp any Of the SklllS the author described. M YbU SImPly can,t get an UnderStandmg Of that handwork by IeadIng about it," She says.ThOUgh SnIIth did get her hands On die best SaIld, doing things the old-faslιioned Way isnt just about PIaymg around Witll FrelICh mud. Reconstnicting the Work Of the CraftSmelI （工匠）WhO lιτed CennlrIeS ago Call reveal how they viewed the world, what ObjeCtS filled their homes, and What Went On In the WOrkShOPS that PrOdUCed them. It Can even help SOlV已PreSeIlt-day PrOblems: Iii 2015, SCIelItiStS discovered that a IOth-CentUr>r EnglISh medicine for eve PrOblenlS COUld kill a dnιg-resistaιιt virus.The WOrk has also brought IllSightS for museums, SmIth says. One must know how an ObjeCt WaS made in Order to presence it. WhatS more, IeCOnStiUCtioIIS might be the Only Way to know Wllat treasures IOOked IIke before time WOre them down. SChOlarS have Seen this Idea in PraCtiCe WItll ancient Greek and ROlllall statues. TlleSe SCUlPtUreS Were Painted a rauιbow Of StnkIng colours. We can,t appreciate these kmds Of details WithOUt Seeing WOrkS Of art as tlιey OrIgInally appeared-something SmIth be丘eves you Can do Only Whell you have a road map.SnIIth has PUt die IlIallUSCnpt,s IdeaS IIItO practice. Her final goal is to IInk the W orldS Of art aιιd SCielICe back togetlιer: Slle believes tlιat bringing the Old recipes to IIfe Call help develop a kind Of IeanImg that Eiglilights experimentation, teamwork, and PrOblem solving.BaCk Whell SCielICe一tlιeιι Called "the new philosophy'一took shape, academics IOOked to CraftSmen for help In IinderStandmg the natural world. MlCrOSCOPeS aιιd telescopes Were IIrVeIlted by Way Of artistic tinkering （修补）, as CraftSmen expermιeιιted WIth glass to better bend lιglιt.If We Call rediscover the ValUeS Of IIalldS-On experience and CrafhVork, SllIItll says, We Can marry die best OfOUr modem InSiglltS With the handmess Of OUr ancestors.38.HOW did Smith, feel after Ieadmg the FrenCh manuscript? ( )A.COnfiISed about the teclmιcal terms.B.IlnPreSSed Witll its detailed instructions.C.DiSCOIIraged by its COmPleX structure.D.ShOCked for her Own IaCk Ofhand skills.39.ACCOrdillg to Smith, the IeConStnICtIOn WOrk is done mainly to ___________________ . ( )A. restore Old WOrkShOPSB. UnderStand the CraftSmenC. improve ViSUal effectsD. inspire die PhIlOSOPllerS40.Why does the author mention museums? ( )A.TO 代VeaI the beauty Of ancient objects.B.TO PreSent the findings Of Old science.C.TO Iiiglilight die ImPOrtanCe Of antiques.D.TO emphasise the values OfhaIld skills.41.WiliCh WOUld be the best title for this passage? ( )A.CraftSmeil Set the TrendS for ArtiStSB.CraftSlilanShIP LeadS to New TheOneSC.CraftSllIanShIP MakeS Better SCIentiStSD.CraftSmen ReShaPe the FUnlre Of SCienCeDCertain forms Of AI are mdeed becoming UbIqUItOus. FOr example, algoritluns (算法)Carry OUt huge VOhImeS Of tradmg On Ollr financial markets, SeIf L diTVing CarS are appearing On City streets, and OlIr SmartPhOneS are translating fiom One IanglIage IntO another TheSe SyStemS are SOmetimeS faster and more PerCePt∏∙ e than We huιnans are. BUt SO for that is OnIy tnιe for the SPeCIfiC tasks for WhiCh the SyStemS IlaVe been designed. Tllat i s SometIlIng that SOme AI developers are now eager to change.SOme Of today,s AI PIOneerS Want to mo∖βe On from todays World of "weak" Or narrow' Al, to Create "strong'、or fc'fτιlΓ' Al, Or What is Oftell CalIed artificial general InteIIigelICe (AGI) . Iii SOme respects, today,s powerful COmPUtmg macħuιes already make OUr brains IOOk weak. A GI could, its ad∖∙ocates say, WOrk for US around the clock, and drawing On all available data. COUld SUggeSt SOIUtionS to many problems. DM. a COmPally focused on die development Of A GL has anambition to "solve intelligence". fcfc If Were successfill/ their ImSSiOn Statement reads, "we believe this WiIl be One Of the most HlIPOrtant and Widely beneficial SCientifiC advances ever made/'SinCe the early days Of AL IInagmatlOn IIaS OUtPaCed what is POSSIbIe or even probable. Iii 1965, an ImaglnatiVe mathematician Caned Inlng GOOd PredlCted the eventual CreatIOn Of aιι H UItra-intelligent machine... that Can far SlIrPaSS all the Uitellecnial (智的)activities Of any man, howeve r CleVeI√' GOOd Went On to SUggeSt tlιat fc the first Ultra-intelligent machine" COUld be "the IaSt IllVentlOIl that man Ileed eveτ make."FearS about the appearance Ofbad. powerfill, Inall-made mtellιgent machmes have been IeHlfbrCed (5虽彳匕)by many WOrkS Of fiction—Mary r SheIIeyS FraIlkenSteIn and the TenIlillatOr fiħιι series, for example. BUt If AI does eventually PlOVe to be OUr downfall, it is ImIIkely to be at the hands Of human-shaped fbπιιs IIke these, Witll IeCOgilISably human motivations SUCh as aggression (敌彳亍为).Instead、I agree Witll OXfbrd UIliVeTSity PllllOSOPher NiCk Bostrom. WhO believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not COme &om a decision to turn against mankind but Iather from a dogged PUrSUit Of Set ObJeCtiveS at die expense Of everything else.The PrOnIiSe and danger Of tnιe A GI are great. BUt all Of today,s excited discussion about these POSSiblIltIeS PreSllPPOSeS the fact that We Will be able to build these SyStelIIS. And, having SPOken to many Of the WOrlds foremost AI researcher s, I believe there is good reason to doubt that We Will See A GI any time soon, If eveι:42.What does die Underlined WOrd 八UblqUItOus’、in ParagraPh I PrObabIy mean? ( )A. EnOrmOlIS In quantity.B. Changeable daily.C. Stable in quality.D. PreSent everywhere.43.Wllat COUld A GI do for us, according to its supporters? ( )A. HeIP to tackle PrOblelns.B. Make brains IIlOre active.C. Benefit ambitious people.D. Set UP POWerfiIl databases.44.AS for IrVing GOOds OPmIOn On Ultra-Intenigent machines, the autlιor is__________________ . ( )A. supportiveB. disapprovingC. fearfiιlD. UnCertam45.What Call be inferred about A GI from die passage? ( )A.It IiIay be Only a dream.B.It Will COme UltO being soon.C.It Will be COntrOIled by humans.D.It may be more dangerous than ever.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。