Unit 4 Problems and advice 基础知识及句子成分
上册-Unit 4 第2课时 课文重难点句型讲解
虽然杰克年轻，但是他很有耐心。
Although/Though Jack is young, but he is very patient.（ × ） Although/Though Jack is young, he is very patient.（ √ ） Jack is young, but he is patient.（ √ ） 上面句子 my friends told me not to 后实际上省略了 help her，注意此时的 to 不能省 略。而且要注意固定短语 tell sb.（not）to do sth.的用法。例如： I don’t want to play badminton this afternoon, but my dad asks me to. 今天下午我不想去打羽毛球，但是我爸爸叫我去。
上面句子中的 advice 是不可数名词，但 advice 修饰 page，而 page 是可数名词的。 因此注意这里应该用不定冠词。类似的用法还有：a news programme 一档新闻节目。
这里的 to ask…作状语，固定短语 ask for 是“征求；要求”的意思，help 作名词， 其常跟介词 with 连用。
Anna: I’m worried about my friend Jolin. She wants to be a model and she’s thin, 1 she thinks she’s fat. She’s always on 2 diet. She’s getting too thin. However, whenever I talk to her about this, she gets angry.
Unit 4 Problems and advice——句子成分与基本句型
二、宾语 宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.She lived a happy l名if词e.(
2.I love you代.(词
)
数词
3.We need two.(
)
4.Do you mind my
)
动名词 ope不ni定ng式 the
door?(
)
疑问词+不定式
5.He began to learn Engli从sh句 a year
)
She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.
(地点，伴随 )
My father worked in this school ten years ago.
( 地点，时间 )
Though he is young, he knows a lot.(让步 )
二、谓语
谓语：说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _动__词___ 充当。动词常分为实义动词，连系 动词，情态动词和助动词。
• 1. We love China. • 2. We have finished reading this book. • 3. He can speak English. • 4. She seems tired.
now. (
)
He is o分ut词of danger.(
)
The news was ex从ci句ting./They were excited
at the news.(
)
三、定语 定语可以用下面这些东西表示：
It’s a red ca形r.容(词
They
live
in
) 副词the
room
Unit4Problemsandadvice知识点讲解精选精练牛津深圳版英语九年级上册
17．A．peopleB．people’sC．peoplesD．peoples’
18．A．a dayB．one dayC．one weekD．a week
19．A．atB．ofC．forD．to
fail to dosth未能做到某事
failuren.失败
24.carev/n照顾
carefuladj.小心的，仔细的
Hale Waihona Puke carelessadj.粗心的25.be sure todo sth一定去做某事
be sure of/aboutsth对...有把握
26.politeadj.有礼貌的
impoliteadj.不礼貌的
Don’t take your exams too seriously. Some students may think that the rest of their life13them. That’s not true. Instead, just regard the exams as another difficulty14you will overe. You have overe all kinds of difficulties in your life so far. You are15to overe the difficulty of the exams!
diseasen.疾病
15.keep v.保持keephealthy/fit保持健康
keepdoing sth坚持做某事
keepsb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
v.饲养keep cows on the farm在农场里养牛
Unit4.problemsandadvice必背材料
Unit4.problemsandadvice必背材料Unit4.Problems and advice必背复习材料一．词性变化1. ashamed adj.惭愧的---- shame n.羞愧2.advantage n.优势----disadvantage n.劣势3.suggest v.建议----suggestion n.建议4.mess n.杂乱----messy adj.杂乱的5.annoying adj.使恼怒的----annoyed adj.感到恼怒的;生气的6.fail v.不及格----failure n.失败eg: Failure is the mother of success.7.careless adj.粗心的----carelessly adv.粗心地----carelessness n.粗心----careful adj.细心的----carefully adv.细心地----carefulness n.细心8.polite adj.有礼貌的----impolite adj.没礼貌的----politeness n.礼貌二．近义词、释义1. awful----very bad or unpleasant2.regret----feel sorry about3. hate----dislike…very much4.suggest----advise5. mad----very angry6. annoying----making sb. feel angry7.fail----not pass /doc/384575705.html,ment----an opinion about sb./sth.9. none----not any 10. hear from sb.----get/receive a letter from sb.10.share sth with sb和某人分享某物---- to have or use sthwith sb.11.on a diet----losing weight by eating less12.make a mess----make things untidy 13.out of place----uncomfortable/doc/384575705.html,ugh at---- make jokes about/make fun of三．重点短语、句型、固定搭配1. see sb. doing sth看见某人正在做某事Eg: We saw a lady lying in the street.2.tell sb not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事Eg: My friends told me not to help her.3.regret not doing sth后悔没有做某事Eg: I regretted not telling him the truth.4. drive sb mad 使某人发疯Eg: He did such a stupid thing and drove his mum mad.5.have a habit of doing sth.有做某事的习惯Eg: The Browns have a habit of going out for a walk after dinner.6.without (doing )sth没有做某事Eg: He came to school without (having) breakfast.7. worry about… =be worried about…担心．．．Eg: Don’t worry about me.= Don’t be worried about me.8. Why not do sth =Why don’t you do sth.为什么不做某事Eg:Why not tell him the truth? =Why don’t you tell him the truth?9. have a problem with sth =have a problem/trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难Eg: I had a problem with my English this term.=I had a problem/trouble learning English this term.10.none of one’ business 不关某人的事Eg: It’s none of your business. 这不关你的事．11.decide to do sth =make a decision to do sth =make up one’s mind to do sth=decide on doing sth决定做某事四．句子成分(Sentence elements)(一)句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
Unit 4 Problems and advice句子成分
Unit 4 Problems and advice (2)Date:_______ name:_______【语法专项】—句子成分一、句子成分句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、补足语、状语等。
（一）主语主语是全句所述说的主体，谓语讲述的对象，一般位于句首。
表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
如：（1）The braces hurt my teeth. （名词作主语）（2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语）（3）One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词作主语）（4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. （不定式作主语）（5）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语）（6）The rich should help the poor. （名词化的形容词作主语）（7）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，它在主语后面，说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（2）由系动词加表语构成。
Unit 4 Problems and advice知识精讲
Unit 4 Problems and advice (1)Date:_______ name:_______【知识要点】★ 必记单词diet n. 规定饮食 though conj. 虽然；尽管awful adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的 regret v. 懊悔ashamed adj. 惭愧；羞愧 situation n. 情况；状况hate v. 厌恶；憎恶 advantage n. 优势embarrassed adj. 窘迫的；尴尬的 suggest v. 建议；提议mad adj. 很生气；气氛 annoying adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的 fail v. 不及格 careless adj. 粗心造成的polite adj. 有礼貌的 none pron. 没有一个；毫无 ★ 常考短语(be) on a diet 节食 laugh at 嘲笑；讥笑feel ashamed of 对……感到惭愧 drive sb. mad 让某人受不了shout at 对某人大叫 be polite to 对……无礼None of your business 不关你的事 hear from 收到……的来信keep doing sth. 不停地做某事 give sth. back 归还某物★ 课文解析 1. We saw a lady lying in the street.see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”辨析：see sb. doing sth.与see sb. do sth.I saw him repairing his bike. 我看见他正在修他的自行车。
I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修了他的自行车。
2. Though I wanted to help her, my friends told me not to.though conj. 虽然；尽管，和although 同义，一般可以换用，都引导让步状语从 句，但不能与but 连用。
九年级英语上册牛津深圳版Module 2 Unit 4 Problems and advice语法
九年级英语上册（牛津深圳版）Module 2 Unit 4 Problems and advice语法专练（含答案）Unit 4 Problems and advice句子成分与基本句型（时间：60分钟，满分：120分）单项选择(本大题共60小题，每小题2分，共120分)1．The young man was punished seriously because of his drunk-driving. A．表语B．直接宾语C．定语D．谓语2．Mary always makes her mother wash her clothes. What a shame! A．谓语B．宾补C．间接宾语D．直接宾语3．The tall man standing at the school gate is our head teacher.A．定语B．真正主语C．主语D．形式主语4．Yesterday Mike came to ask me for some advice on how to learn Chinese.A．宾语B．状语C．谓语D．宾补5．Leonardo da Vinci wasan Italian inventor and painter.A．主语B．表语C．定语D．宾语6．Could you please tell me how to get to Dong Men SquareA．宾补B．谓语C．直接宾语D．间接宾语7．The students from Zhi Xing Middle School planted many young trees on March 12.A．定语B．宾补C．状语D．表语8．These apples taste sweet.A．宾语B．表语C．状语D．谓语9．The old people live a happy life in our village.A．宾补B．定语C．状语D．表语10．What will the weather be like in three daysA．主语B．宾补C．宾语D．定语11．It is my honor to give a speech here.A．表语B．定语C．真正主语D．状语12．Finishing the work on time is hard for him.A．宾语B．谓语C．状语D．主语13．It is so important to keep a balanced diet.A．宾语B．定语C．表语D．宾补14．He ran out of his money so he went to find a new job.A．宾语B．谓语C．主语D．表语15．It is impossible to finish the work on time.A．谓语B．宾语C．主语D．状语16．With his left hand, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.A．宾语B．表语C．状语D．定语17．His friend Bob is smart.A．宾语B．表语C．定语D．状语18．Do you usually go to school by busA．定语B．状语C．宾语D．宾补19．Family members should share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.A．主语B．表语C．定语D．状语20．Ben found his neighborhood in a mess after the rainstorm.A．状语B．宾语补足语C．定语D．宾语21．While the boy was cooking, it started raining suddenly.A．谓语B．宾语C．表语D．状语22．Mrs. Black fell asleep quickly after a long walk last Saturday.A．谓语B．表语C．定语D．状语23．Parents and schools make rules to help us.A．主语B．表语C．状语D．谓语24．Elephants are smart animals.A．表语B．状语C．宾语D．定语25．Li hua often helps her mother make breakfast.A．主语B．状语C．宾语D．表语26．Jack is not happy because he lost his keys this afternoon.A．状语B．主语C．定语D．表语27．It’s important to practice speaking English every day.A．主语B．表语C．定语D．宾语28．“He often makes me laugh.” The structure of this sentence is “________”.A．S + V + P B．S + V + DO + IO C．S + V + DO + OC D．S+V+IO+DO 29．The family are making zongzi.A．谓语B．主语C．状语D．表语30．It really made me feel embarrassed. 句子结构是_______。
九年英语Unt4Problemsandadvice
九年级上Unit4Problems and adviceUnit4 Problems and advice一、课文再现二、重点知识三、知识详解四、语法讲解Unit 493 online 在线的94 model 模特儿95 diet 规定饮食（为健康或减肥等目的）96 though 虽然、尽管97 awful 很坏的、极讨厌的98 regret 懊悔99 ashamed 惭愧、羞愧100 situation 情况、状况101 braces （儿童）牙箍102 hate 厌恶、憎恶103 advantage 优势104 embarrassed 窘迫的、尴尬的105 suggest 建议、提议106 mad 很生气、气氛107 mess 杂乱、不整洁108 annoying 使愤怒的、使生气的109 fail 不及格110 careless 粗心造成的111 comment 评论112 request 要求、请求113 polite 有礼貌的114 none 没有一个、毫无115 exam 考试116 (be) on a diet 节食117 laugh at 嘲笑、讥笑118 feel ashamed of 对....感到惭愧119 drive sb. mad 让某人受不了120 make a mess 搞得一塌糊涂121 out of place 格格不入122 none of one’s business 与某人无关123 hear from 收到某人的信件（或电子邮件、电话等）一、课文再现P.49Unit4 Problems and adviceAunt Linda’s advice pageAnna (posted 26-11-18:25)I’m worried about my friend Jolin. She wants to be a model and she’s thin, but she thinks she’s fat. She’s always on a diet. She’s getting too thin, but whenever I talk to her about this, she gets angry. How can I help her?Peter (posted 28-11-19:00)I went out with a group of friends yesterday. We saw a lady lying in the street. She looked very sick. My friends made jokes about her and laughed. Though I wanted to help her,my friends told me not to. It was awful ofthem to laugh at her, and I regret not saying anything. I feel ashamed of myself should I do in this situation?Simon (posted 28-11-21:03)I’ve just started wearing braces, but I hate them. I don’t see any advantage in wearing them. My friends all laugh at me and say had things about me. I feel embarrassed when I smile or open my mouth. The braces hurt my teeth, and it’s difficult for me to eat. I feel it was a mistake for my mother to make me wear these ugly braces. What do you suggest? Julie (posted 28-11-22:02)I have to share a room with myseven-year-old sister, and she’s driving me mad! She has a habit of playing the piano when I’m studying, and she always takes my things with out telling me. I try to keep the room tidy, but she always makes a mess. I love my sister, but sometimes she’s so annoying! What should I do?P. 61More practiceDear Anna,You’re right to be worried about your friend Jolin. She shouldn’t stay on a diet if she’s already very thin. You should try to get her to see a doctor. You should also tell her that she’s not alone – we all worry about our looks sometimes.Dear Peter,I believe you’ve learnt an important lesson—you’ll regret it if you don’t do the right thing at the right moment. Next time in the same situation, you should make up your own mind. You shouldn’t listen to your friends. It was awful of them to laugh at a sick lady.Dear Simon,Lots of people wear braces these days, so you’re not alone. If you stop paying attention to your friends, they’ll stop laughing at you. So don’t worry! I understand that it hurts sometimes, but think of the beautiful, straight teeth you’ll have in a few months’ time!Dear Julie,You should talk to your sister more. Ask her to play the piano only when you’re not studying. Let her borrow your things only if she asks you first. Perhaps she just wants more attention from you. Try spending some time with her every day and you’ll learn how to live happily with each other.9A U4 Problems and advice Reading1.online adj.在线的；在网上adv.在线；在网上This online article is very interesting.这篇在线文章很有趣。
英语九年级讲解上册U4讲解
U4 Problems and advice专题一名词名词是中考考查的重点。
考查内容主要为：1. 名词单、复数的变化规律及其用法；2. 不可数名词量的表达法；3. 名词所有格的变化及其用法；4. 名词作主语的一致问题；5. 常用专有名词的表示法；6. 具体语境中名词的词义和一些常用易混淆名词的区别。
Ⅰ.名词的定义名词是表示人、事物、现象和其他抽象概念的名称的词。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。
专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日及月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。
（见资料）如：Yao Ming 姚明；China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。
Ⅱ. 可数名词和不可数名词普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1．可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
如：an apple; two apples 。
★注意：a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前；an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。
如：a book/b uk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/’aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/’aua/2．不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。
(1)物质名词。
如：water; rice; tea; milk; food; fruit; meat; fish(鱼肉); chicken(鸡肉); beef; mutton; orange(橙汁)；sugar; salt; paper(纸); porridge; bread; sand; juice等。
这类不可数名词需要计量时要在名词前加表示量的词。
如：a cup of tea; two bags of rice; three bottles of water等。
(2)抽象名词。
如：news; music; time(时间); information等。
Unit4problemsandadvice单词短语语法作文牛津深圳版九年级英语上册
一．单词检测单词默写n. 规定饮食conj. 虽然；尽管adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的v. 懊悔adj. 惭愧；羞愧n. 情况；状况v. 厌恶；憎恶n. 优势adj. 窘迫的；尴尬的v. 建议；提议adj. 很生气；气氛adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的v. 不及格adj. 粗心造成的dj. 有礼貌的pron. 没有一个；毫无词性转换adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的： adv. 非常；极其n. 优势反义词: n. 缺点；劣势 adj. 窘迫的；尴尬的 n. 窘迫；尴尬v. 使窘迫；使尴尬 adj.令人害羞的；令人尴尬的v. 建议；提议n. 建议adj. 很生气；气愤adv. 生气地；愤怒地n. 疯狂；愤怒n. 杂乱；不整洁adj. 杂乱的Oh,m goodness!Your room is really a mess!16.adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的v. 使生气；使不耐烦 adj. 生气的；恼怒的二．短语辨析I saw him repairing his bike. 我看见他正在修他的自行车。
I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修了他的自行车。
He regrets not learning English well before.I regret to tell you that you didn’t pass the examination.3.“(对……)感到羞愧”:4.让某人受不了:5. 尽力做某事，指想尽一切办法要把事情办成，但不一定会成功。
尝试做某事，指为了达到某种目的而去试着做某事。
She tries to work out the problem. 她尽力做出这道题。
She tried making a model plane by himself. 他尝试着自己制作一个飞机模型。
6. .意为“过去常常做某事”，【拓展】①被用来做某事Knives are used to cut things.Thanks for inviting us to your birthday party.Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.8. make up one’s mind意为“下决心，打定主意”9.pay attention to意为“注意……”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
Unit 4 Problems and advice单词讲解
Unit 4 Problems and advice1. online adj. 在线的；在网上 adv. 在线；在网上This online article is very interesting. 这篇在线文章很有趣。
2. model n. 模特儿Sally is going to be a model because she thinks she is good-looking.Sally自以为相貌出众，所以想当模特。
提示：model还有以下的含义：a. (依照实物按比例制成的）模型。
a model planeb. 样式；设计；型。
The latest model will be on display at the car show.c. 模范；典型 a model student3. diet n. 规定饮食（为健康或减肥等目的）I’ve only lost two pounds since I started this diet.从这次节食开始到现在我只减了2磅。
4. though conj. 虽然；尽管Aunt Anna likes Tim though he often annoys her.5. awful adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的 ---awfully adv. 非常；极其The weather last summer was awful. 去年夏季天气很糟糕。
There’s an awful smell in here.6. regret v. 懊悔提示：regret的常见用法有：A. regret+名词/代词 eg: She immediately regretted her decision.B. regret+that/wh-从句 eg:I regret that I was unable to accept your kind invitation.I deeply regret what I said.C. regret +动词不定式，表示“很遗憾地做某事”eg: I regret to say you failed the exam.D. regret +动名词，意为“后悔做了某事”，表示对已经发生的事情感到后悔。
新版 深圳 九上Unit4 problems and advice
Unit4 problems and advicePresentation1.Offer to help carry her bags.carry动词,意为：提，搬，拿。
辨析：carry,bring,take与fetchcarry,意为“搬运,携带”，指从一处到另一处，无方向性。
The mother carries her baby in her arms.bring,意为“带来,拿来”,指把某人或某物带到说话者这里来，由远及近。
Bring your friends to our house.take意为“拿走，带走”,指把某人或某物从说话者的身边带走，由近及远。
Please take these books to the library for me.fetch意为“去拿来”,表示先去远处再回来，即一个来回。
His mom asked him to fetch some water.Take that package and bring it with you,or if it is too heavy for you to carry it, I'll send Joe to fetch it.Next time don't forget to me your homework.下次别忘了把你的作业带给我。
these platesaway，please. 请把这些盘子拿走。
This bus is licensed to 100 passengers. 这辆巴士规定乘载一百人。
2.I’’m worried about my friend Jolin.be worried about 为....担心；为....担忧=worry aboutShe was worried about his safety and went along with him.Don’t John,he will come back soon. 不要担心John，他很快就回来。
2022—2022新牛津版九年级英语上册unit4ProblemsandAdvice语法知识点解析
2022—2022新牛津版九年级英语上册unit4ProblemsandAdvice语法知识点解析unit4ProblemandAdvice语法部分考点解析】英语中的句子成分一般包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语和表语等七类。
A.主语指的是句子要表达，描述的人或事（物）。
其是句子叙述的主体。
请看下面句子的划线部分：B.谓语是说明主语做了什么事或处于什么状态。
谓语由动词来充当，一般放在主语的后面。
助动词必须跟实义动词连用，整个部分作谓语。
请看下面句子的划线部分：4.Samtochoolonfoot.C.宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
英语中的宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。
请看下面句子的划线部分：D.定语可描述名词、代词、短语或从句的性质、特征范围等。
定语可由名词、形容词、动名词和形容词作用的词、短语充当。
如果定语是单个词，定语一般放在被修饰词的前面，称为前置定语。
如果是词组，定语放在被修饰词的后面，称为后置定语。
请看下面句子的划线部分：4.Idon’tknowtheboyE.状语用来说明事物发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果方式、条件或伴随情况、程度等。
状语可由副词、短语以及从句来充当。
请看下面句子的划线部分：Iwon’tgothere.F.补语用来补充说明结果、程度、趋向、可能、状态、数量等。
可回答“怎么样”、“多少次”、“何地”、“何时”、“什么结果”等问题。
补语通常放在中心语的后面。
补语多用形容词、数量词、介宾结构来充当。
请看下面句子的划线部分：G.表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态。
表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当。
表语常位于系动词，appear，eem，look，ound，feel，get，mell...)之后。
如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。
请看下面句子的划线部分：巩固练习】请判断下面划线部分的句子成分：5.Amy’jobi。
最新广州新版九上Unit-4-Problems-and-advice知识点
Unit 4 Problems and advice重点短语：1.be on a diet 节食ugh at 嘲笑3.feel ashamed of 对……感到惭愧4.call the police 报警5.be worried about 担心……6.drive sb. mad 让某人受不了7.make a mass 搞得一塌糊涂8.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事ugh at 嘲笑10.get on 上车11.arrive at 到达12.at the moment 在那时13.by accident 偶然的，意外的14.out of place 格格不入15.because of 因为16.care about 关心17.none of one’s business 与某人无关18.shout at 对……大声喊叫19.hear from 收到某人的信件20.give back 归还21.make up one’s mind 下决心22.try doing sth. 试着做某事23.pay attention to 对……注意、留心24. a waste of time 浪费时间25.promise to do sth. 许诺做某事单词讲解1.model （名词）模特儿，模型et：The girl wants to be a model.He built me a model ship out of wood.2.diet （名词）规定饮食eg：You should eat a healthy diet to keep healthy.辨析：diet & food1）diet指习惯的事物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的营养饮食。
eg：She is on a diet.2）food 是一般用语，是不可数名词，凡能吃喝的具有营养的东西都可以称作food。
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Unit 4 Problems and advice一、单词复习1. 虽然；尽管conj.2. awful adj.3. ashamed adj. feel ashamed of4. situation n.5. advantage n. 反义词6. embarrassed adj. v. n.7. annoying adj. annoyed adj. v.8. fail v. (1) (2)9. careless adj. 反义词adv. v.10. comment n.11. request n. v. n.12. 有礼貌的adj. 反义词二、短语节食嘲笑收到某人的来信drive sb mad make a messout of place none of one's businessask for advice have a fight withbe annoyed with be worried aboutmake jokes about full of energy语法填空用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。
Dear Sandy，Thanks for your email. I've arrived at home safe and sound.My grandparents (53)________(live) in a small town thirty miles away from Xu Zhou. I spent about half an hour (54)________(get) there. They gave me a warm welcome，and (55)________(cook) me a big meal. We chatted far into the night and I (56) ________ (tell) some happy stories about them and their neighbours.Since 2001，great changes(57) ________(take place) in Xuzhou. I will take some photos and send some to you. Next time，I'd like you and your family to come with me. You can(58)________(visit) many places of interest here.Chang LeeSentence elements句子成分句子是由各种词类按照一定的语法规则组成的，可以表达完整的概念。
句子开头第一个字母一定要大写，结尾要注明标点符号。
一、句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。
句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
1 主语表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语或从句担任。
主语要放在句首。
To say is one thing, and to do is another. 说是一回事，做是另一回事。
(不定式作主语)What you said hurt me badly. 你所说的话深深地刺伤了我。
(从句作主语)2 谓语起着说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。
谓语通常有三个表现形式：(1)动词或动词短语作谓语He studies hard. 他学习很努力。
The performance has already begun.演出已经开始。
(2)谓语动词和宾语及宾语补语作谓语They are picking apples. 他们正在摘苹果。
He made us laugh heavily.他使我们大笑不止。
(3)连系动词和表语作谓语Her mother is an inspector. 她的母亲是一位检查官。
It is getting dark. 天色渐渐地黑了下来。
He is feeling well. 他现在感觉身体很好。
句子成分巧划分：主在前，谓在中，宾语、状语后面冲。
短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。
间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连，宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。
3 表语用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词和不定式以及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。
Her job is to wash all the sheets and the clothes. 她的工作是洗这些床单和衣服。
(不定式作表语) Teaching is learning. 教学相长。
(动名词作表语)4 宾语是及物动词所示动作的对象或介词的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语及从句都可以担任作宾语。
宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
Do you enjoy living here? 你愿意住在这里吗? (动名词作宾语)I want only one. 我只要一个。
(数词作宾语)I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。
(从句作宾语)注意：①某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。
这一类动词有：bring, give, pass, tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay等。
She showed me a few magazines. 她拿出了一些杂志给我看。
I promised her a wonderful present on her birthday .我答应在她生日那天给她一件奇妙的礼物。
②在需要的情况下，间接宾语也可以位于直接宾语之后，但此时间接宾语之前需要加介词。
She made me a sweater. (She made a sweater for me.) 她给我织了一件毛衣。
He left her three children. (He left three children to her) 他给她留下三个孩子。
③有些及物动词的后面，其宾语还需要有一个补足语，才能表达完整的意思。
这样的宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
名词、形容词、不定式或介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。
The couple named the baby Mary.(名词作宾补) 这对夫妻给孩子取名叫玛丽。
He made her unhappy. 他使她很不高兴。
(形容词作宾补)“Let me out!”The boy cried.“让我出去!”那男孩喊道。
(副词作宾补)She saw a man in front of the gate. 她看见门外有一个男人。
(介词短语作宾补)She often helps me do the housework. 她经常帮助我做家务。
(不定式作宾补)I kept you waiting for half an hour. 我让你等了半个小时。
(动名词作宾补)5 状语状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。
其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
She drove fast.(副词作状语) 她把车开得飞快。
There is a shelter under the post office.在邮局的地底下，有一个掩蔽所。
(介词短语作状语)To liberate our country, they devoted their lives.为了解放祖国，他们献出了生命。
(不定式短语作状语)Seeing his old mother, the man went towards her and threw himself on his knees.那人一看见年迈的母亲就跑上前去跪倒在她面前。
(分词短语作状语)It was blowing hard when she was on her way home yesterday.昨天她回家的路上，风刮得正大。
(从句作状语)6 定语定语用于修饰名词或代词。
可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。
定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词的地方都可以有定语。
The man outside the teacher's office is his father.办公室外面的那人是他的父亲。
(介词短语作定语)I'll have a lot of clothes to wash this Saturday. 这个星期六我要洗好多衣服。
(不定式作定语)Will you say something about your travelling experience? (动名词作定语)The woman who is singing on the stage is her aunt.(从句作定语)正在台上演唱的那女人是她姑姑。
二、句子的种类（一）、简单句简单句只包含一个主谓结构，并且各个结构都是由单词或短语组成，不包含任何从句。
有五种基本句型。
1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)The new term begins. 新学期开始了。
2.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语The girl is learning to play the piano. 这个女孩在学弹钢琴。
3.主语+连系动词+表语The rice got burned。
饭焖煳了。
4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
5. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补语We all believed you honest. 我们都认为你是诚实的。
写作1、假如你在2008奥运会期间碰到外国朋友，请你介绍进入NBA美国球队的中国球员易建联的情况。
易建联生日1987.10.27 出生地广东身高2.12米经历2003年他成为大学生college)2000年1月入选中国国家篮球队(National Basketball Team)2007年7月进入美国NBA，继姚明后的第二个中国球员爱好他喜欢听流行音乐、玩电脑。