高考英语精准培优专练∶介词(附解析)

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A.for B.on
C.in D.at
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意:——早上好,Lee先生办公室。——早上好。我想预约下周三下午(和Mr. Lee见面)。make an appointment for意为“为……预约”,是固定搭配,故A选项正确。
点睛:make an appointment with sb.和某人预约;make an appointment for为……预约。
(1)一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等)。
(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why);
A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。A. in place在适当的位置;B. in order按顺序;C. in shape处于良好Baidu Nhomakorabea态;健康;D. in fashion流行,时兴。句意:汤姆早上总是慢跑,他通常也做俯卧撑来保持良好身体。故C正确。
(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。
分析本句可知,the person为先行词,在后面的定语从句中,作作介词的宾语。而定语从句中涉及be address to sb “给...写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
2.________ the cultural differences, the film’s advertising materials should have explained, in brief the moral behind Ne Zha’s story to make it more appealing to foreign audiences.
【考点定位】介词辨析.
8.Citizens are _____ to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s rights.
A.on trackB.on schedule
C.at easeD.at liberty
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词+关系代词。句意:这封信被退回来是因为收信人三年前去世了。分析句子可知,the person为先行词,在后面的定语从句中,作介词的宾语,而定语从句中涉及be address to sb“给……写信”。所以介词为to。故A选项正确。
【点睛】
定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:
A.ConsideredB.SupposedC.GivenD.Supposing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查熟词生义。句意:鉴于文化的不同,哪吒的广告宣传语应该介绍一下哪吒这个电影的寓意。A. Considered经过深思熟虑的,属于形容词;B. Supposed猜测的,属于形容词;C. Given考虑到,鉴于,属于介词;D. Supposing假定,设想,属于连词。结合句意及句子结构可知,此处用介词“鉴于”符合语境。故选C项。
考查固定短语辨析。句意:我们必须完全遵守交通规则,否则一切都会乱七八糟。A. out of touch不联系;不接触;B. out of order无序;乱七八糟;C. out of date过时的;D. out of sight看不见。由otherwise“否则”可知,不遵守交通规则一切都会乱七八糟。故选B。
考点:考查介词
13.a low monthly income,Ni Chao makes up his mind to make a charity donation of l0000 yuan every year.
A.In spite ofB.In case ofC.In terms ofD.In possession of
17.Rose was wild with joythe result of the examination.
A.toB.atC.byD.as
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词辨析。句意:罗斯对考试的结果欣喜若狂。A. to到;B. at因为;C. by通过;D. as作为。固定短语:be wild with joy at...“因为……而欣喜若狂”。故选B。
【答案】D
【解析】
考查介词。in the direction of朝……方向。句意:晚餐后不久,Wayne开车朝巴黎方向驶去。
6.(北京)—Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.
—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:尽管每月收入低,倪昭还是下决心要每年捐款l0000元。A. In spite of尽管;B. In case of万一;C. In terms of从……方面来说;D .In possession of拥有。故选A。
考点:考查介词短语的用法。
14.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ________.
A.ofB.asC.byD.with
【答案】C
【解析】
考查介词辨析。句意“现在,有的医院直接登记患者的名字,而不是病号。”by name“以名字”。故选C。
5.Soon after dinner, Wayne drove off ______ the direction of Paris.
A.toB.atC.forD.in
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:友谊永远不能变成一个交易,相反,它需要最纯粹最无利益的理念。A. in addition除此之外;B. by contrast相反;C. in return作为回报;D. by chance偶然地。前后两句表达的是相反的意思,by contrast“相反”符合语境。故B选项正确。
高考英语精准培优专练∶介词(附解析)
一、单项选择介词
1.This was returned because the person ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.
A.to whomB.to which
C.whichD.whom
考点:考查介词辨析
16.We must fully obey traffic rules, otherwise everything would be ______ .
A.out of touchB.out of orderC.out of dateD.out of sight
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
10.Friendship can never be a trade; ______, it needs the most thorough and unprofitable concept.
A.in additionB.by contrastC.in returnD.by chance
【答案】B
【解析】
11.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon, which, _____ misunderstanding, is not always dark.
A.similar toB.familiar to
C.contrary toD.superior to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查形容词。A. similar to与------相似;B. familiar to某事为某人熟知;C. contrary to与------相反;D. superior to比------优越。句意:中国成功地在月球的远端发射了一艘宇宙飞船,这与误解相反,月球远端并不总是黑暗的。结合句意可知答案为C。
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语。句意:公民可以自由地行使自己的权利,但他们绝不能损害他人的权益。A. on track走上正轨;B. on schedule按时;C. at ease安逸;舒适;D. at liberty自由地。故选D。
9.If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.
18.With the help of curriculum reform, students enjoy a variety of after-school activities, ______ up to half are aimed at strengthening their physical strength and building up their confidence.
考点:考查介词短语辨析及语境理解
15.I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.
A.except thatB.besides
C.except forD.except
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:考查介词辨析。介词短语except for除...之外;通常表示整体与局部的关系;besides除...之外(包括在内);except除...之外(不包括在内);except that除...之外;that后面要接完整的句子,BCD三项后面都要接名词或者动名词做宾语;本句中横线后面是完整的句子,所以使用except that....引导。故A正确。
A.in sympathy withB.in terms of
C.in honour ofD.in contrast with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人,我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。A. in sympathy with赞成;B. in terms of依据;C. in honour of为纪念;D. in contrast with与…形成对比。由“we can get their support and encouragement”可知,in sympathy with“赞成”符合句意。故选A项。
12.The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be _________ easy reach in public.
A.beyondB.withinC.nearD.around
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:考查介词。A超越;B在……之内;靠近;D周围。句意:所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。故B正确。
3.Elizabeth has already achieved success_____her wildest dreams.
A.atB.beyondC.withinD.upon
【答案】B
【解析】
Elizabeth做梦也没想都会成功。Beyond超过。其他词义不符。
4.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ________ name, not case number.
7.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local librarya book about it.
A.onB.atC.forD.to
【答案】C
【解析】
on在上面,通过某种媒介;at在一点;for为了;to到,向.句意:在你去一个有趣的地方游玩之前,去你们当地的图书馆找一本关于它的书看看.本句中需注意in your local library是插入语,作地点状语,故选C, look for寻找.
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