高考英语介词专题复习.doc
高考英语一轮复习:介词和介词短语
介词和介词短语(Prepositions)重点用法①介词的种类1.根据形式可以将介词分为简单介词(如in,on,for等)、合成介词(如inside,without等)、双重介词(from behind,from among等)、动词-ing形式的介词(如including,regarding等)和短语介词(如in front of,out of等)。
根据意义可将介词分为表示时间、场所、方向等的介词,介词在句中不能独立做成分。
2.表示时间的介词after在……之后before在……之前around大约……at在……时by到……为止in在……后on在……时till/until直到……3.表示场所、方向的介词across在……对面along沿着……at在……in在……里on在……上above在……上方under/below在……下面beside在……旁边behind在……后面before/in front of在……前面between在……之间among在……之间4.其他介词about关于;对于from从;自从with与……一起;用of……的;属于……的to向;到;对as担任;像;作为for对于;为了;给……besides除了……还有重点用法②表示时间的常用介词辨析用法:1.at表示时刻、时间的某一点;on表示具体的某一天,某一天的上、下午;in表示月、季节、年,泛指上午、下午、晚上(在一段时间内)。
at lunch在午餐时on Monday在周一in January在一月2.before表示“在……之前”;after表示“在……之后”。
I will be back before lunch.午饭之前我赶回来。
The nights start after half past five in winter.冬天的夜晚在5点半之后开始。
3.by表示“在……之前,截止到……”;until/till表示“直到……为止”;by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成,而until表示动作持续到什么时候,在终止性动词的否定式中,二者通用。
英语高考介词专题复习(含答案)4
英语高考介词专题复习(含答案)4学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单项选择1.The man got up and shouted that he was the equal ______ any boxer at the Fair.A.at B.to C.with D.of2.It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _____ favors to them. A.in preference to B.in place of C.in exchange for D.in agreement with3.--- When will the party be held?--- It is still _____.A.making preparation B.making preparations C.in preparation D.in preparations 4._________ all the inventors have_____ common is that they are curious about the things around.A.What...inB.Where...asC.Where...inD.What...with5.Americans like standing two or four feet away from people when they talk or wait in line. ,Asians stand much closer,A.On the contraryB.As a resultC.In contrastD.In addition6.AlphaGo, an artificial intelligence machine outperformed Lee, which made the five-match score 4-1 ___________ AlphaGo.A.in support of B.in favor ofC.in defense of D.in need of7.—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?—It’s nothing. Just something _________.A.as clear as day B.off the top of my headC.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams8.All the candidates are excellent, but I like the last one ________ — his experience is just what we need at the moment.A.in brief B.in particular C.in practice D.in total 9.Soon his warm smile put me ____,and we spent the next 2 hours talking freely.A.at eases B.for ease ofC.at ease D.with ease10.We mustn’t waste anything. ________ you shouldn’t waste time.A.In all B.At all C.Above all D.After all 11.The serious expression of the captain kept his crew _________.A.in the distance B.from a distance C.in a distance D.at a distance 12.Your father likes to play golf. He’s really enthusiastic ________ it.A.by B.about C.with D.on 13.Harry Potter impressed children _______ his bravery and wisdom.A.with B.on C.upon D.for14.______ arriving at the airport, we were given a warm welcome by our friends. A.With B.At C.Upon D.Until 15.These comments came ______________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A.in memory of B.in response toC.in touch with D.in possession of16.It is typical _______ him to be late for meeting, _____makes us very angry.A.of, as B.for, asC.of , which D.for, which17.—— Have they made the final decision?——Yes, but it’s ________ likely that they will change their mind again tomorrow. A.rather than B.other than C.less than D.or rather 18.The old lady helped me a lot when I was in trouble. I do wish I could do something for her one day.A.in return B.in commonC.in theory D.in turn19.Would you like to share your first impression ________ the new school uniform with us ? A.of B.on C.to D.into 20.This book is concerned ________ the development of China; while most readers are concerned more ________ the hero's fate.A.with; about B.about; with C.for; about D.for; with 21.______, the students in Shiyan High School do about 3000 meters every day, ______ their parents may do far more than that.A.In theory; but B.On average; whileC.In particular; when D.In response; where22.Sherlock Holmes is famous ____ a detective as he is known ___ everybody ____ his quick thinking and careful observation.A.as; to; for B.to; for; by C.for; to; as D.to; as; for 23.It's the third time that I _________ you _________ your promise.A.reminded; about B.have reminded; ofC.reminded; of D.have reminded; about24.With all the money __________, the man had to make a living by begging.A.using up B.used up C.using up of D.given out 25.The city was ________ attack during the night.A.in B.under C.on D.against 26.The scientists discovered a 4,000-year-old bowl ______ accident.A.on B.to C.in D.by27.The notice says, “It’s cheaper by 20% if you book the tickets ________.”A.in all B.in addition to C.in addition D.in advance 28.passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A.For . B.Without C.Beneath D.By 29.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you the tough years. A.through B.upC.with D.from30.Lily got up at 6:00 o’clock ________ but she realized it was Sunday soon.A.as usual B.as possibleC.at present D.at last31.His future lies __________ because he was caught stealing in the shop and put into prison.A.as usual B.in ruinsC.by mistake D.on purpose32.________ on the book, he was attracted by its plot.A.With his eyes fixed B.With his eyes to fixC.With his eyes fixing D.With his eyes to be fixed33.I saw a lion ________ when I was about four years old.A.the first time B.for the first time C.in the first time D.over the first time34.The problem is ________ being settled, so it will be discussed again.A.nothing like B.more than C.all the time D.far from二、用所给词的正确形式填空阅读下列句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式或根据首字母提示完成句子。
高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总
高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总介词不能单独使用,必须后跟宾语,构成介词短语在句中使用,介词短语由介词+宾语构成,在句中可作状语、定语和表语等。
in, on, to, with, by, for, at, from, up, beyond, before, among, of, off, against, like, since, besides, behind, during等aboutbe about to …即将做……What/How about …?……怎么样for交换:He sold the house for 50,000 yuan.达到某一数值:She wrote a check for £20.赞成,拥护:I’m for getting up early and going to bed early.固定搭配:for one thing首先for example例如for ever永远for the time being 暂时,目前for instance 例如for free免费for the first time 第一次for sale出售,待售watch out for警惕long for 渴望for one’s good为(某人)好with和……一起::He is playing table tennis with Tom.用……工具:Don’t write with a pencil.随着:The weather changes with seasons.带有,具有:Our company needs people with specialized knowledge.行为方式:Handle with care!原因:She shivered with cold.注意:with的复合结构:常在句中作状语,表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。
She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)她经常开着窗户睡觉。
2023届高考英语二轮专题复习专题四:介词与介词短语
at happy,pleased,angry,delighted等)连用, He was surprised at the news.
表示产生这种情感的原因
with
常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的抽象名词连用 ,强调随着心理变化而产生的情感变化
He
shouted
loudly
with
anger.
from 常接抽象名词,表示自然或间接原因
to 表示两地的相对位置,不接壤 Guangdong is on the east of
in
其后一般接大地方或表示在某个 Guangxi; Fujian lies to the south of
范围之内
Jiangsu and all of them are in China.
off
表示"(时空上)离,距"
3.before, by, until(till)
介词
用法
例句
before 表示"在……之前",与after相对 Please come before ten o'clock.
by 表示"不迟于,在……之前"
I'll have it done by tomorrow.
until (till)
表示"直到……为止",在肯定句 You must wait until/till tomorrow.I
高三语法总复习
专题四 介词和介词短语
By Tiffany
目录
CONTENTS
考点1 介 词 考点2 介词短语及搭配 难点 同一介词所表达的多种含义
考点1 介词
知识1 表示"时间"的介词
高考英语语法复习专题_—_介词
for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, of on 3) He came to see me ____business. on 4) He came ____your invitation.
on/upon: (表示为某事物的 基础、根据或理由)由于,因 为 所表示的原因与条件直接 相关。
by 迟于;到…为止。 后跟表示过去的时间用 过去完成时,跟将来的 时间用将来完成时。
in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, before
by, during, over, through, within, upon, till
through 7)They played the cards ________the night.
还有due to, owing to, thanks to, because of 四个成语介词表示“因为”、“由于”
2. 表示时间的介词 in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, before by, during, over, through, within, upon 1) He came in 1958 and has stayed here since then. ______
from 表示自然的或直接的原因
for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, of
9)Don’t get tired of __life; you are still young. 不要对生活厌倦;你还年轻。 of playing basketball. 10)He is very fond __ 他非常喜欢打篮球。 of 11)The beggar died __hunger and cold. 那乞丐因饥饿和寒冷而死。 of 常用来表示情绪上的原因,因 此常常与glad, fond, proud, shamed, tired 同时等形容词连用
高考英语语法:介词及介词短语复习专题
高考英语语法:介词及介词短语复习专题介词又叫前置词,是一种虚词。
1.介词可按其构成分为:(1)简单介词,即一个介词,如about,at,in,of,since等。
(2)复合介词,由两个介词组成,如as for,as to,out of等。
(3)二重介词,由两个介词搭配而成,但没有复合介词那样固定,如from under,from behind,until after,except in等。
(4)短语介词,由短语构成,如according to,because of,in spite of,on behalf of,with reference to等。
(5)分词介词,由现在分词构成,如regarding,concerning,including等。
2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种:(1)表地点(包括动向),如about,above,across,after,along,among,around,at,before,behind,below,beneath,beside,between,beyond,by,down,from,in,into,near,off,on,over,through,throughout,to,towards,under,up,upon,with,within,without 等。
[注]有不少表地点的介词可表动向,除很明显的across,around,over,towards,near外,还有among,behind,beneath,between,on,to,under等。
(2)表时间,about,after,around,as,at,before,behind,between,by,during,for,from,in,into,of,on,over,past,since,through,throughouttill(until),to,towards,within等。
专题2 代词、介词和介词短语词(解析版)-三年(2022-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(全国通用)
专题02代词、介词和介词短语年份卷别代词(2022-2024)三年(6考)介词和介词短语(2022-2024)三年(12考)命题趋势2024新高考I 卷as 代词:研究最近几年高考真题可知,对代词的考查主要集中在:1.考查代词词形转换及代词的句法功能。
无词填空中对it 的特殊用法也是高考的热点。
介词:高考对介词的考查集中在:1.介词的基本用法和含义。
2.介词短语介词与其他词类的搭配。
新高考II 卷to (be similar to)浙江卷1月ones 全国甲卷its for 2023新高考I 卷their by 新高考II 卷with 全国甲卷we 改为us for 全国乙卷his →her to 浙江卷1月as 2022新高考I 卷as新高考II 卷全国甲卷we 改为us 删除of 全国乙卷by浙江卷1月浙江卷6月at 北京卷themselves in考点01代词1.(2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空)Who knows,perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one)mayyet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意:谁知道呢,也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸,并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”,在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
2.(2024年全国甲卷语法填空)This area,with_______(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
英语高考介词专题复习(含答案)10
英语高考介词专题复习(含答案)10学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________评卷人得分一、单项选择1.You’ll pay_____that remark!A.off B.forC.back D.out2.Tom should not be sent to carry out the task for three reasons.________,he hasn’t had enough experience.A.For a start B.In other wordsC.On the other hand D.At first3.The city of Harbin is developing fast and the subway iscurrently.A.under building B.under attackC.under discussion D.under construction4.Ladies and Gentlemen,Italian wines are______special offer this week.A.for B.onC.in D.at5.Sometimes,people don't like asking questions appearing stupid and ignorant.A.in search of B.in memory ofC.for fear of D.in terms of6.Mr.Zhou is strict_______his students in class but very kind_______them after class. A.in;with B.with;to C.with;of D.in;to 7.The old man could buy nothing______.A.with his money to steal B.with his money having stolen C.with his money stealing D.with his money stolen8.You cannot imagine how she finished the race_____her foot wounded so badly. A.for B.when C.with D.while 9.After the dinner,I looked at the bill and found that it was200yuan,including the wine.A.after all B.at all C.in all D.above all 10.________much homework to do,he decided not to go to the cinema this evening. A.With B.ForC.Since D.Because11.The twins look alike,but they differ greatly________personality.A.from B.inC.on D.about12.He can't remember the age_________he met his wife.A.of which B.at whichC.in which D.on which13.The song by Taylor Swift is popular________teenagers across the world. A.between B.amongC.in D.on14.A major fire broke out at Notre-Dame Cathedral in central Paris,______the construction dates back to the year1163.A.where B.of whichC.in which D.whose15.A true gentleman won’t pretend to have those absurd manners which are necessary______we call the upper class.A.who B.in whichC.in what D.which16.To deliver the Brexit,British Prime Minister Theresa May had to make some policies______the needs of the British people.A.in company with B.in parallel withC.in tune with D.in touch with17.“Thank you so much for coming________my aid,”said Polly________relief. A.for;by B.to;inC.at;with D.by;at18.A good government never keeps the people________about important matters.A.in the dark B.in darknessC.in dark D.in the darkness19.________going into the classroom,I turned on the light because it was very dark.A.Upon B.FromC.During D.For20.He graduated________Tsinghua University.That is to say,he is a graduate________ university.A.from;of B.of;ofC.of;from D.from;on21.That is not a match.We're playing chess just____________.A.in use B.in comfortC.for fun D.for sale22.According to the media,after the museum opened to the public,the number of visitors every day reached30,000__________.A.in all B.at allC.as a whole D.on average23.__________my surprise,he made great success only in his thirties.A.To B.OnC.For D.With24.All children should get access to a high-quality education________their race,zip code or family income.A.depending on B.regardless ofC.due to D.apart from25.—How do you find the book?—It's______________a book.It serves as a really good guide to job hunters.A.other than B.more thanC.rather than D.less than26.Can you communicate with others using body language?A.by B.withC.at D.in27.You can study the grammar memorizing it.A.with B.byC.on D.at28.Breaking up is the business of the two lovers,________no other person should be involved.A.which B.in thatC.that D.in which29.This is not an economical way to get more water;________,it is very expensive. A.worse still B.on the contraryC.in short D.in addition30.The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market________its superior quality.A.in terms of B.on account ofC.on behalf of D.on top of31.This was returned because the person________this letter was addressed had died three years ago.A.to whom B.to whichC.which D.whom32.I think the short stories by Dickens are very popular the children. A.are written,for B.are written,amongC.written,among D.written,between33.At the railway station,the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was_______.A.out of sight B.out of reachC.out of order D.out of place34.--Does the young man_____there have possession of the company?--No,The company is_____his father.A.standing;in the possession of B.stood;in the possession of C.standing;in possession of D.stand;in possession of35.In many countries in the world,breakfast is a snack______a meal,but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal.A.less than B.more thanC.other than D.rather than36.Mother was always scolding him for leaving things_____,but to her satisfaction,he_____them______today.A.in order;put;in order B.on order;place;in order C.out of order;put;in order D.by order;place;in order37.He was_______his bravery in his fight with the robber.A.honoured with B.honoured asC.in honour of D.honoured for38.Cambridge gave a positive answer inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores. A.in favor of B.in response toC.in salute to D.in consequence of39.Some experts think,________genes,intelligence also depends on an adequate diet,a good education and a nice home environment.A.instead of B.except forC.apart from D.far from40.It was believed that conference rooms were equipped______.A.by far B.at faultC.at great expense D.in focus41.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely_____dust. A.set free B.for freeC.free from D.free with42.I have offered to paint the house______a week’s accommodation.A.in exchange for B.with the exception ofC.exclude from D.exchange ideas with43.Let’s buy some champagne(香槟)_________their victory in the football match. A.in preparation for B.in company withC.in celebration of D.in the hope of44.He had unraveled the truths behind important questions,but his studies had taken him to a point beyond which he could not seem to go.He had tried__________to establish a relationship with an alchemist.But the alchemists were strange people,who thought only about themselves,and almost always refused to help him.A.in vain B.in a flashC.in return D.in possession45.Having been treated in the hospital for as long as six months,the man injured in the car crash is now eventually back_______his feet.A.at B.inC.on D.to评卷人得分二、用适当的词完成句子单句语法填空46.(2019·浙江高考)The answer__________this question is not clear.47.(2018·浙江学考)One cup of coffee__________the late afternoon or evening will cause them to stay awake almost all night.48.(2018·浙江高考)If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home__________dinner,get a few cooking tips from her. 49.(2017·浙江学考)You wouldn’t think that a few months of exercise in your teens would be enough__________the rest of your life.50.(2019·全国Ⅰ)Modern methods__________tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s51.(2019·全国III)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack__________dogs,seven to be exact.52.(2018·全国Ⅰ)The review says it is more effective at lengthening life__________walking, cycling or swimming.53.(2018·全国Ⅲ)I was searching__________these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.54.(2018·全国Ⅱ)Corn uses less water__________rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff.单句语法填空55.(2019·全国Ⅰ)Modern methods__________tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s56.(2019·全国III)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack__________dogs,seven to be exact.57.(2018·全国Ⅰ)The review says it is more effective at lengthening life__________walking, cycling or swimming.58.(2018·全国Ⅲ)I was searching__________these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.59.(2018·全国Ⅱ)Corn uses less water__________rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.60.(2017·全国Ⅰ)This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界)__________a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side effects. 61.(2017·全国Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and__________work. 62.(2017·全国Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree__________engineering or architecture.评卷人得分三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
高中英语介词用法+练习
高中英语介词用法+练习一、介词的定义和用法介词是连接名词、代词或相当于名词短语的词,用于表示时间、地点、原因、目的、方式等关系。
以下是一些常用的介词及其用法:1. at表示时间点、某一具体地点、某一价值水平或程度:- at 7 o'clock (在7点钟)- at the station (在车站)- at a high price (以较高的价格)- at a certain level (在一定水平上)2. in表示时间段、某一年龄段、某一阶段或某一地区:- in the morning (在早上)- in my twenties (在我二十几岁时)- in the first stage (在第一阶段)- in London (在伦敦)3. on表示日期、某一具体天数或某一具体部分上:- on Monday (在星期一)- on the 1st of January (在一月一日)- on the left (在左边)4. by表示随同、靠近或经过某一地方:- by my side (在我身边)- by the river (在河边)- go by the supermarket (经过超市)二、练题- He always eats ___________ the kitchen. (in / on / at)- I'll meet you ___________ the mall. (in / on / at)- They usually go swimming ___________ summer. (in / on / at) - My birthday is ___________ February. (in / on / at)2. Rewrite the sentences using the correct preposition:- The book is on top of the table. (in)- I usually have lunch at the office. (in)- The party is at my friend's house. (in)- We arrived in the city last night. (at)3. Choose the correct preposition:- The school is ___________ the end of the street. (at / on / in) - The concert starts ___________ seven o'clock. (in / on / at) - She lives ___________ the fifth floor. (at / in / on)- They always go skiing ___________ winter. (in / on / at)答案:1. in, at, in, in2. in / on / in / at3. at / at / on / in。
高考英语专题复习《常考介词的特殊用法》总结
高考英语专题复习《常考介词的特殊用法》总结(1)介词at可表示动作、感情的原因,意思是“因……而;一听到(看到/想到)……就……”。
①At the boy's remark, the bookseller looked at him curiously.听到男孩的那句话,卖书人好奇地看着他。
(2)“on+名词或动名词”结构可表示“一……就……”。
②On his arrival he went straight to the counter and spoke to the clerk in uniform behind it.他一到达就径直往柜台走去,并与柜台后边穿制服的店员说话。
(3)to与情感名词连用,表示“令某人……的是”。
如:to one's delight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regret等。
(4)with的用法a.表示两种事物之间的相应关系或齐头并进的意思。
③With time passing, they have grown into big boys.随着时间的流逝,他们都长成大小伙子了。
b.指原因或理由。
④The small child trembled with fear.那小孩吓得哆嗦。
(5)by的用法a.含有“到……的程度”的意思。
⑤This one is shorter than that one by three inches.这一个比那一个短三英寸。
b.表示买卖东西所用以计算的数或量或付酬所用以计算的时间。
⑥Milk is sold by the pint, butter by the pound, and eggs by the dozen.牛奶论品脱卖,黄油论磅卖,鸡蛋论打卖。
c.表示“按照……”或“根据……”的意思。
⑦By my watch, the time is half past twelve.按我的表,现在是十二点半。
第06讲 介词(练习)- 2025年高考英语一轮复习(解析版)
第06讲 介词!"01 模拟基础练!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123!"#4%&'567'8.9:302 重难创新练03 真题实战练题型一介词在复杂语境中的基本用法1.(2024年广东省广州市天河区三模试题)“On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal_____ the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said.【答案】from【解析】考查介词。
句意:黄说:“在草坪上,我能感到和动植物联结,让我感觉头脑清醒,从工作压力中恢复过来。
”heal from“从……康复、恢复”,固定短语。
故填from。
2.(2024年湖南省长郡中学、浙江杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考)Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine does not typically include the numbing sensation of Sichuan peppercorns.【答案】unlike【解析】考查介词。
句意:与川菜不同,湘菜通常不包括四川胡椒的麻木感。
根据句意可知,此处应用表示“与……不同”的介词unlike,句首单词首字母应大写。
故填Unlike。
3.(2024年江苏泰州模拟预测)“ one of the leading corporations engaged in the BRI, Dongfang Electric Corporation has been committed to sustainable, high-standard development and people’s well-being since 2012,” noted Song Zhiyuan, a director of the company.【答案】As【解析】考查介词。
高考介词总复习
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地点介词in, on, to区别
on 边界接壤
in
境内
to 境外 (完全不连接)
点击下方字 体即有超链接
off 离开...海岸
1) Shanghai lies _i_n_ the east of China and _t_o_ the
northeast of Guangdong.
2) Hubei is _o_n_ the north of Hunan.
(请假)离开
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18
this way off
8) All of a sudden,the red car was out of control and went off its way,hitting another car in the opposite(相反的) direction.
偏离..路线
backs against each other . 挨着;靠着
3. Another new law against drug abuse(毒品滥用)
came into effect yesterda- y. 抵制;制裁
24
for 1) “为了..目的或利益” 2)表原因“因为..” 2) “用来;用于” (表用途) 表原因
- 脱下衣服
17
7) Because of the flooding, the village was cut off from the outside world. 切断联系
8)...I asked a day off from my headteacher, Mr.Mo , then I went home in a hurry.
3. He passed the exam by hard work. 乘;坐
高考英语一轮复习:介词(六)
高考英语一轮复习:介词(六)姓名:__________ 班级:__________学号:__________一、单选题1.There were cheers for each of the speakers as they spoke .A. in returnB. in minsC. in turnD. in vain2.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.A. out of dangerB. on the runC. out of sightD. on the rise3.It's very kind _______the warm-hearted woman ________us out when we were in trouble.A. of; to helpB. of; to have helpedC. for; to helpD. for; to have helped4.When they got there, they found the people suffering from the storm were food and water supplies.A. in want ofB. in praise ofC. in honor ofD. in place of5.The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year ________ 24 solar terms.A. throughB. fromC. intoD. for6.______, we should sleep at sleep at least 8 hours a day, but in practice we sleep less than that.A. In factB. In theoryC. On averageD. In particular7.It is said that the price of goods are high in that city. So you should take more money______________.A. in thatB. in timeC. in caseD. in short8.This book will ______ to the students of English.A. be of great valueB. be of great valuableC. be great valueD. be of very value9.He could see the tall chimneys of the factory ______.A. from distanceB. in distanceC. in the distanceD. to a distance10.I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.A. except thatB. besidesC. except forD. except11.The book is _____: Several ideas have been proved not suitable for the situation today.A. out of orderB. out of shapeC. out of dateD. out of control12.The old lady helped me a lot when I was in trouble. I do wish I could do something for her one day.A. in returnB. in commonC. in theoryD. in turn13.With a lot of problems _____, the manager felt very upset.A. solvedB. to solveC. solvingD. being solved14.This is the benchmark ___________ students ultimately model their own passion to learn.A. on whichB. by whichC. on thatD. by that15.The key to happiness lies in better relationships, knowledge and _______ health.A. in allB. above allC. after allD. at all二、单词拼写(词汇运用)16.The bank is just o (在对面)the church. You won't miss it.17.________ (尽管) applying for hundreds of jobs, he hasn't found one. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)18.Please put tools which you use a lot ________(在…之内)easy reach.19.Mr Smith ________ her ________(指控) telling a lie.20.With the teacher (指导)them, the students have made great progress in English21.D________ great difficulties in moving the temples, the Egyptian government made it by turning to other countries for help. (根据首字母单词拼写)22. (不像,不同)most people in the office, I don't come to work by car.23.The athletes displayed great skill and confidence ________(贯穿) the contest.24.U his quiet brother, Jeff has a violent temper.25.You must finish the task w________ a week, or we will be to blame for it.三、语法填空26.Generally speaking, a journalist should have a good nose current affairs.27.I suffered a heavy cold and couldn't sleep well.28.The sound of the engine died as the car drove the distance.29.The boss made some adjustments ________the tasks for everyone.30.You'd better feed some food your pet dog. It's starving to death.答案解析部分一、单选题1. C2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. C8. A9. C10. A11. C12. A13. B14. B15. B二、单词拼写(词汇运用)16. opposite17. Despite18. within19. accused;of20. guiding21. Despite22. Unlike23. throughout24. Unlike25. within三、语法填空26. for27. from28. away;into29. to30. to。
专题10 介词、动词、形容词、副词(原卷版)(全国通用版)-高考英语复习
专题10 介词、动词、形容词、副词介词和介词短语(Prepositions)重点用法① 介词的种类1.根据形式可以将介词分为简单介词(如in,on,for等)、合成介词(如inside,without 等)、双重介词(from behind,from among等)、动词-ing形式的介词(如including,regarding等)和短语介词(如in front of,out of等)。
根据意义可将介词分为表示时间、场所、方向等的介词。
介词在句中不能独立做成分。
2.表示时间的介词after在……之后before在……之前around大约…… at在……时by到……为止in在……后on在……时till/until直到……3.表示场所、方向的介词across在……对面along沿着……at在…… in在……里on在……上above在……上方under/below在……下面beside在……旁边behind在……后面before/in front of在……前面between在……之间among在……之间4.其他介词about关于;对于from从;自从with与……一起;用of……的;属于……的to向;到;对as担任;像;作为for对于;为了;给…… besides除了……还有重点用法① 表示时间的常用介词辨析用法:1.at表示时刻、时间的某一点;on表示具体的某一天,某一天的上、下午;in表示月、季节、年,泛指上午、下午、晚上(在一段时间内)。
at lunch在午餐时on Monday在周一in January在一月2.before表示“在……之前”;after表示“在……之后”。
I will be back before lunch.午饭之前我赶回来。
The nights start after half past five in winter.冬天的夜晚在5点半之后开始。
3.by表示“在……之前,截止到……”;until/till表示“直到……为止”;by表示到什么时候为止动作已经完成,而until表示动作持续到什么时候,在终止性动词的否定式中,二者通用。
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高考英语介词专题复习一﹑考点聚焦1、介词的分类与语法功能(1)介词是虚词,不能单独作句子成分,必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语,在句中充当一个成分。
介词分为:简单介词,如at、in、for等;合成介词,如within、inside、onto、throughout 等;短语介词,如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。
双重介词,如from behind / above / under、until after等。
分词介词,如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。
常见的介词宾语:名词、代词、动名词、从句、疑问词加不定式等。
(2)介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。
2、介词搭配(1)“动词+介词”搭配:注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。
(2)常见“形容词+ 介词”搭配。
(3)“名词+ 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。
3、核心介词用法归纳与辨析(1)表示时间的介词in的用法如下。
表示在某一较长时间内,如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in,还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。
(2)在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕,常用on。
(3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。
注意:有些时间名词前不接介词。
如:next day、last Sunday、that morning、these yearsone、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some dayone day、yesterday / afternoon, the night before(4)till、until、to的用法。
①till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中,与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。
但注意:在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。
②to表“终结”时常用和from连用,但要注意不与from连用时的意义。
(5)in、after、later①in + 一段时间:表示说话时为起点一段时间之后,与一般将来时连用;但表示“在……之内”时,用于各种时态。
②一段时间+ later(later是副词):表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。
③after + 一段时间表示:“在……之后”,用于一般过去时;但时间为点时间时,只能用after,即after + 点时间,用于各种时态。
另外,in + 一段时间+ ’s + time 与within + 一段时间的用法如下:in a week’s time = in a weekThey will arrive in three days’ time.(与将来时连用)My brother’s birthday is in two weeks’ time.(作表语)I’ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态,不超出,在……之内)(6)地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。
(7)表示方式、手段、工具的介词①by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天。
(按by+the+单位名称)但to the pound按磅算,to the ton按吨计。
②表泛指的方式、手段by post/mail邮寄,by telephone(radio),但on the phone/on the radio/on TV(电讯器材),by electricity用电,by machinery用电器,by hard work,learn sth.by heart,through the satellite,through practice,through his own efforts,through experience,through the telescop③交通工具类另外:by means of 用……方法,by way of 经由,取道于,用……方法,with the help (permission)of sb./with sb.’s help (permission)。
(8)表示“除……之外”的几组常用介绍比较。
①besides 除……以外,(还有)。
作副词时意思是“而且,更何况”。
②except除去,除……之外(不再有)。
③except for除了……(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明)后接名词、代词或what从句,此时与except that + 句子意思相同。
④except that … 除了……一点以外。
⑤but与exceptbut和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用,但应注意以下三点:A.前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时,多用but。
B. 后接不定式短语为排除对象时,多用but。
C. but与一些固定结构连用。
have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事,can not but do sth.不得不,can not help but do sth.不得不……,but for … 如不是……(9)between与among.(10)表原因的介词for、because of、due to。
(11)不定式复合结构中的for、of。
(12)兼作连词和副词的介词。
①after、since、till / still、before这些词既是介词,又是连词。
②in、on、along、down、up、after、before、along、beyond等介词可兼作副词。
③有的介词可以兼作连词和副词。
(13)介词的省略。
①表示时间的介词on、at 、in的省略。
②介词for表示时间的省略要求。
(A)以all开头的名词短语,for要省略。
如:I stayed with her all the morning.(B)表示一段时间的短语之前,for可以省略,也可以不省略。
如:I have been waiti ng here (for) more than three hours.(C)否定句中,表示时间的短语前的for不能省略。
如:I haven’t seen you for thir ty years.(D)时间状语在主句之前,for不能省略。
如:For the whole morning,the old man kept reading.③某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略。
(14)某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配。
①要求接to的名词有:key、answer、visit、entrance、apology、introduction、road等。
②要求接in 的名词有:interest、satisfaction、expert等。
(15)一些词组中的介词b e composed of =consist of…由…组成in comparison with…和…相比较be very appre ciative at…对…深表感谢be particular over…对…太挑剔base…on… 把…建立…上;on the basis of… 根据protect…from(against)…保护…免遭…remind sb. of…使某人想起…be responsiblie for sth. 对某事负有责任;be superior to 优于…in favor of 支持;赞同 in relation to 关于in contrast to 与…截然不同 in excess of 超过etc.二、精典名题导解1.(2002上海卷22)Luckily,the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________an inch.A.by B.at C.to D.fromby+数量词,表示相差多少。
介词by可以和表示数量的词构成短语,表示尺寸、距离等。
译文:幸运的是,子弹在距离船长一英尺的地方与他擦肩而过,没有射中他。
答案为A。
2. ____________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(NMET 2000)A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through解析:答案为C。
本题考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。
“with + 名词+ 不定式/分词/名词/形容词/介词短语等”可在句中作伴随、时间、原因、条件等状语。
本题中with 的复合结构作伴随状语。
3.(2004上海春季卷26)I am sorry it’s________my power to make a finaldecision on the project.A.over B.above C.off D.beyondbeyond意为“超出,出乎”。
本句的意思是:很抱歉,我无权对这个计划作出最后决定。
beyond my power意为:超出了我的权力范围。
4.(2003北京卷33)They had a pleasant chat ________a cup of coffee.A.for B.with C.during D.over考查介词搭配。
to chat over a cup of coffee意思是边喝咖啡边聊天。
for和during 都有“在……期间”之意,但后边通常加时间段:。
with “随着,用”;over“在(做)……期间,边……边……”。
5.(2002北京卷33) --What do you want ________those old boxes?--To put things in when I move to the new fiat.A.by B.for C.of D.with 、所提供的情景To put things in when I move to the new flat,说明了箱子的用途。
with的意思是“用”,后接工具。
如:cut with a knife“用刀切”。
6.(2001上海春季卷23)Ross was wild with joy ________the result of the examination.A.to B.at C.by D.asat表示原因。
be wild with joy at的意思是“为……而欣喜若狂”。
介词at接在某些形容词的后面表示原因。
译文:罗丝因考试结果而兴高采烈。