第十二节 派生词

第十二节派生词考点一常见的前缀及派生词1．名词后缀[本节小结]在新课标全国卷的语法填空题中，有涉及单词的形式变化的题目。

此外，新考纲要求考生掌握3 000多个英语单词。

因此，掌握常用派生词的构词方法不仅能帮助同学们做好语法填空题，还能帮助同学们扩大词汇量，为同学们在高考中稳操胜券奠定基础。

针对训练Ⅰ.完成句子用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1．I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time.________ (fortunate)，I was held up by the heavy traffic jam.【答案】Unfortunately2．Therefore，when they become older they are ________(able) to do any other kind of work.【答案】unable3．Very early the next morning，amazingly，we got completely satisfied in a totally________________ (expect) way.【答案】unexpected4．I won't do the purchase because the price of this dress is ________________ (reason)．【答案】unreasonable5．Job ________________ (apply) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time.【答案】applicants6．All facts are the source of ________________ (conclude)．【答案】conclusions7．However，most ________ (science) agree that EQ has a lot to do with ________(educate)．【答案】scientists；education8．Excellent oral and written ________________ (communicate) skills in Chinese and English are of ________________ (important)．【答案】communication；importance9．Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily ________________ (require)．【答案】requirement10．It is your ________________ (free) to do what you want after class.【答案】freedom11．As is known to us all，the Entrance Exam is a great ________________，and the students are ________________ (compete)．【答案】competition；competitors12．I am ________________ (grate) to you for your help.【答案】grateful13．He gave me some ________________ (construct) suggestions.【答案】constructive14．A jury's decision in a court case must be absolutely ________________ (object)．【答案】objective15．He devoted much money to building schools in ________________ (mountain) areas.【答案】mountainousⅡ.语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，使用括号中词语的正确形式填空It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States.His1.________(earn) could hardly cover the expenses，so when his wife gave2.________(bear) to their second daughter，they could not afford enough nutrition food.Soon，poor nutrition caused the3.________(die) of the poor baby.4.________(lonely) was another problem because they had no5.________(relate) or friends there.Thanks to his6.________(brave) and7.________(persevere)，he managed to gain the8.________(citizen) of the United States and in the end he had his permanent9. ________(settle)．He always tells his children like this: Perseverance leads to 10.________(happy) and success.【答案】 1.earnings 2.birth 3.death 4.Loneliness5．relations 6.bravery7.perseverance8.citizenship9．settlement10.happiness综合演练语法填空根据单词提示，用单词的相应词性变化完成下列短文Sixty-six percent of 15-to 25-year-olds in China say they are happy，according to a survey of global youth 1.________(happy)conducted in 14 countries.The survey shows young people worldwide are 2.________ (happy) when they are on vacation，being challenged，or achieving something.The 3.________(young)in the US，for example，said they were happiest between 8 and 10 pm on Saturdays inJuly，enjoying good 4.________(musician) or spending time with friends and family.According to study author Joeri Van Den Bergh，young people don't just want to impress their friends.Today's youth want to accomplish something in life，whether this means big 5.________ (accomplish)like doing well in an important exam or finding a good job，or small things like making a delicious dinner.The survey also shows higher happiness in 6.________ (develop)countries—Brazil，India and China all ranked 7.________(high)．Young people in these countries might realize they are better off than their parents in the improving 8.________(economy) environment.However，Christine Carter，sociologist and happiness expert at the University of California.Berkeley，noted that many young people still do not feel happy because they are under so much 9.________(press) to achieve.Carter said research shows people of all ages and cultures link happiness to a sense of gratitude，10.________ (generous)，compassion and social ties.【答案】 1.happiness 2.happiest 3.youth 4.music5．accomplishments 6.developing7.highly8.economic 9．pressure 10.generosity。