语法系列复习专题三-----形容词、副词

语法系列复习专题三-----形容词、副词1．狠抓基础知识：1)熟读课文；2)背记单词、词组、短语(该册书约300条词组、短语)；3)复习各课语言点；4)复习有关交际用语；5)复习该册语法项目：定语从句、动名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动词时态、主谓一致、名词性从句、情态动词、强调句。

2．易混淆词语辨析：1) carry on(vi.)继续；carry out(vt.)实行；实现；执行。

例如：They carried out the plan and carried on with the work.2) lie (lay, lain) down 躺下；lay (laid, laid) down 放下3) in charge of 负责…，in the charge of 由…负责。

例如：I’m in charge of the class.＝The class is in the charge of me.4) be angry with/at sb. 生某人气；be angry at/about/over sth.因某事生气；例如：Mother got angry with/at me only because I had broken a precious cup.5) call on sb. 拜访某人；call at sp. 访问某处drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人；drop in at sp. 顺便拜访某处6) knock on/at sth. 敲某物；knock into sb./sth. 撞上某人/某物。

7) by the way 顺便说；on the way (to)…在去…的路上；in the way 以这种方式，碍事；in sb’s way 碍某人的事例如：By the way, would you please buy me a pen on the way to school?顺便说一下，你上学路上能帮我买支笔吗？If you work in the way you will be in my way.如果你以这种方式工作，那你就碍我的事了。

8) deep与deeply：两词作副词用时，前者表可量度的“深”意思。

后者表抽象概念的“深”意。

例如：They dug deep but didn’t find water./I was deeply moved.9) be fit for ＝ be suitable/proper for 适合于；fit(v.)(尺寸、大小)适合。

例如：The clothes fit me, and the colour is also fit for me.这衣服我穿合身，而且颜色也合适。

10)glance at …瞅/瞥/很快地看一眼…；glance over …穿过…瞅/瞥/很快看。

例如：He glanced at her shoulder. 他瞅了一下她的肩膀。

He glanced over her shoulder and found a short man following her.他从她的肩膀瞥了一眼，发现有个矮个子男的跟着她。

11)say to oneself ＝ think to oneself 暗自思量；talk to oneself 自言自语12)break off (使)折断；停止说话；突然中断；停顿；break down 武力镇压；推翻；将(门、墙等)捣毁；崩溃；分解；瓦解；出毛病；坏掉；break up 分解；驱散；打碎；拆散 break into 闯入。

例如：Some people broke down the door and broke into his house.They broke up the TV and something else.When they left they broke off some trees in the gard.一些人捣开他的屋门闯进他家，他们打碎了电视机和一些别的东西。

走时又砍倒了院子里的几棵树。

13)be in love with sb.与某人相爱(延续状态)；fall in love with sb.爱上某人(短暂情况)。

例如：They fell in love with each other three years ago and they have been in love with each other for three years.三年前他们相爱了，三年来他们一直相爱着。

14)be dressed as/like …穿得象/打扮成…；be dressed in …穿着…。

例如：The man who is dressed in blue clothes is dressed as a worker.穿着蓝衣服的那个男人打扮得象个工人。

15)seat vt.就座，容纳；sit vi.坐例如：He is seated in the room.＝He sits/is sitting in the room.The cinema can seat 500 people.16)work on 从事于；忙于；work out 做出，解出。

例如：They are working on the maths problems and have worked out nearly half.17)believe 相信(某人的话)；believe in 信赖；信任。

例如：Though I believe what he said just now, I can’t believe him.虽然我相信他刚才说的话，但是我不信赖他。

18)share与share in：两词都可表“分享”意，但share还可表“合用”、“共用”意。

例如：We should share (in) both happiness and sorrow.I wouldn’t like to share the bed with you. 我不愿与你合睡一张床。

19)many与many a：两词都表“许多”意。

但many后跟复数名词，复数谓语；many a后跟单数名词，单数谓语。

例如：Many students are writing now.＝Many a student is writing now.20)more than 多于；不仅；not more than 不超过；no more than 不过；仅仅。

例如：Winter sleep is more than sleep. 冬眠不仅仅是睡觉。

She is not more than thirty. 她不超过三十岁。

She is no more than thirty.＝She is only thirty. 她只不过三十岁。

21)by surprise, in surprise与to one’s surprise：by surprise用于take … bysurprise 出乎…意料；对…突然袭击。

例如：He took me by surprise when he suddenly appeared at the door.他突然出现在门口，这使我感到意外。

in surprise 惊讶地。

例如：He looked at me in surprise. 他惊讶地看着我。

to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是。

例如：To my surprise he got full marks in the physics test.使我惊讶的是他物理得了满分。

22)astonish＝surprise 使吃惊；使惊讶；shock 使震惊；使震动；使电击。

例如：It astonished/surprised us that he didn’t go to work this morning.The news that all the boats had sunk in the storm shocked us.23)raise与rise：raise vt.升起；举起；提高；饲养；rise vi.上升；升高；升起。

例如：They climbed up onto the top of the ship to raise themselves so as to watch the sun which was rising in the east.The workers wanted to have their pay raised.24)take care与look out：两个短语都有“小心”、“当心”意。

take care既可单独使用，也可跟宾语从句或不定式；look out只能单独使用，若表“挑选”意，可跟宾语。

25)die of与die from：都表“死于…”意。

die of后跟表“内因”的死因，如：hunger, anger, brief(忧伤)；die from后跟表“外因”的死因，如：flood, lock of water,chest wound；具体病名，如：cancer, stomachache等则可用于两短语之后。

26)put out 熄灭/扑灭(火等)；关掉(灯、煤气)等；put down 放下；平定/镇压(起义、暴乱等)；记下27)live on 以…为生/为主食；live in 住在…；live by (doing …)靠(做某事)维生/生活28)think about 考虑；think of 考虑；想出；思念；think over 仔细考虑；think up想出；编造；设计出29)try on 试穿；try out 试…能力；试用(某人，某物)30)make of 由…制成(成品中见不到原料模样)；make from 由…制成(成品中见不到原料模样)；make up of 由…构成；由…组成；make out of 由…制出；由…改制而成。

31)keep off 离开；勿接触；keep … out 将…阴挡在外32)a number of …许多/一些…；the number of ……的数目33)hand out 分发；hand in 上交；hand to 交给；递给34)fall to pieces 跨台；崩溃；倒塌；解体；fall into ruins 成为废墟3．交际用语的几个注意点：1)回答道谢语或道歉语可说“That’s all right.”“That’s OK.”(意“不用谢”，“没关系”。

)但不能说“All right.”“OK.”2)回答“Would/Do you mind doing sth.”问句，表“不介意”多说“(No).not at all/not in the least.”“Of course not.”“Certainly not.”而不要误说“Yes.”“Yes,please.”“all right.”“Never mind.”要表达“介意”时，宜采用委婉方式，如：“Sorry, you’d better not.”3)别人赞扬你时，不要说“No, no, (don’t say so.),”通常说“Thank you.”4)别人邀请你(吃东西、参加舞会等)时，或主动向你提供帮助时，表示“同意”多说“Yes, thank you.”表示“不同意”多说“Thank you/That’s very kind of you, but…(引出拒绝原因)”或“No, thank you all the same/just the same.”4.几项语法疑难1)动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较<1>作主语：(1)多数情况两者可以互换。