初中英语句子种类讲解(PPT52张)
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
It is so big a box that nobody can move it.
▪ The dress is beautiful. I can’t afford it. (让步状语从句)
Although /Though the dress is beautiful, I can’t afford it.
感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊
叹、喜 悦、等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，
感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+
陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+
陈述语序
What +名词+
陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+
newspaper when I
came in. ❖She is the girl who
sings best of all.
定语从 句
❖It is well-known that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held on August 8th.
主语从句
❖As is known to all, the
The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法）
2） 疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。 有以下四种：
a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）：
Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得”g_e_t____b,e_c_o__m_e__,
_t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...
<2>. “看起来”lo_o__k___s,_e_e_m___,_a_p_p__e_ar “闻起来”s_m__e_ll__ “尝起来”taste
英语句子种类
按句子的结构分为三种:
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
(一).简单句:
只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和 一个谓语(或并列谓语):
<1>.Tom likes rock music.
<2>.Tom and John are fond of ▲ rock music.
类型从句： 1._名__词___性___从__句_
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句
2._定___语___从__句____ 3.__状__语___从___句___
同位语从句
指出下列各从句的类型：
❖I hope that
宾语从句
everything is all right.
❖She was reading the 状语从句
语）: happen occur “发生t”ak_e__p_l_a_c_e___; _c_o_m__e__a_b__o;ut b__r_e_a_k__o_u__t ; __________ _____r_u_n__o_ut give out
“用完,用光”________;
_★_不___及__宾物_.语.动... 词的用法:被动语态 无 __________, 无_________
4主. _语__+__谓__语__+_间__宾__+_直__宾__(_S_+__V_+O1+O2)
I teach you English.
He offered me his seat.
5. _主__语__+_谓__语__+_宾__语__+__宾__补__(_S_+_V+O+C)
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
e.g. <1>.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了
很大的变化”
Our school has(×ta)ken place
great changes in the last few years.
Gre__a_t_c_h__a_n_g__e_s__h_a_v__e_t_a_k__e_n__p_l_ace
in o__u_r_s__c_h_o__o_l_i_n__th__e__la_s__t_f_e_w__y_.ears.
The story _s__o_u_n_d_s__i_n_te__re_s_t.ing
(听起来有趣).
2. ___主__语___+__谓___语___(S + V)
Our chalk has run out.
On hearing the news, he cheered. ★高考经常考查的不及物动词（或短
_____
feel
sound
“摸起来” ______ “听起
★系动词的用法: (注意三点)
+____a_d_j_. ____作表语; 无 __宾__语______; 无 __被__动__语__态__;
e.g. The dish _t_a_s_t_e_s__d_e_li_c_i_o_u_s_.
(尝起来好吃)
<2>. Do you know what w＼as
happened yesterday? (改错)
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
We are having an English class.
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
(三）复合句:主句+从句
主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和 一个主句连用，不能独立存在.
请指出该复合句的主句和从句:
从句
By the time he arrived,
1
主句
we had already left.
2
在复合句中，主要包含以下
set.
S+V+O1+O2
4.She knows French.
S+V+O
5.The gas smells terrible. S+V+P
(二)并列句(compound sentence):
把两个或几个简单句用
并列连词或分号连
接起来，则成为一个并列 句。
常用并列连词
and, both….and…., ▪ 平行并列连词: not only…. but also….,
<3>.Tom sat down at his desk and began to do his homework.
▲
简单句的 五种基本句型
1. _主__语__+__系__动__词__+_表__语__(_S_+_V__+_P_)
It is getting warmer and warmer.
He looks pretty happy today.
Take this seat.
Do be careful. 否定结构：
Don't move.
Don't be late.
2） 第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句
a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try? b. Let us 不包括说话者
状语从句
请把句子连接为一个含有状语从句复合 句。 ❖I’ll give the letter to him .I see him.
(时间状语从句)
❖I’ll give the letter to him when I see him
as soon as
★ the moment
★ the minute
What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather （it is）! What a clever boy (he is)!
★ immediately
▪ It is such a big box .Nobody can move it. (结果状语从句)
It is such a big box that nobody can move it. Such a big box is it that nobody can move it.
4） 感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话 人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！
祈使句结构 祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。
1） 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头， 在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主 语的句子)。
d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：
He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？
3） 祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求， 建议或发出命令，例如：
Sit down, please. 请坐。 Don't be nervous! 别紧张！
neither…. nor…. ▪ 转折并列连词： but,while,yet
▪ 因果并列连词: for, so
▪ 选择并列连词: or
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合
并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
2.The dress is really beautiful. I can’t afford it.
The dress is really beautiful,
but I can’t afford it.
3. Mary is cooking. John is greeting guests.
Mary is cooking ,and / while John is greeting guests.
Beautiful as the dress is, I can’t afford it.
按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈 使句和感叹句。
1） 陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个 事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。 （说明事实）
b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live? 你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？
c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：
Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？
Let us have another try，will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构： Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter.
陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+
陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+
陈述语序
How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is!
感叹句的省略形式为：
I heard them cheering in the next room.
I saw the window broken.
请说出下列句子类型:
1.Summer is coming. S+Vi
2.They won’t let me go. S+V+O+C
3.He showed me a new TV
2008 Olympic Games will
be held in about four
months.
定语从
句
▪ I want to live in a place where the air is fresh.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu定语从句
▪ I want to live where the air is fresh.
4.He works hard. He also likes helping others.
1>. He not only works hard but he also likes helping others.
2>.Not only does he work hard but he also likes helping others.
▪ The dress is beautiful. I can’t afford it. (让步状语从句)
Although /Though the dress is beautiful, I can’t afford it.
感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊
叹、喜 悦、等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，
感叹句结构主要有以下几种：
掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+
陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+
陈述语序
What +名词+
陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+
newspaper when I
came in. ❖She is the girl who
sings best of all.
定语从 句
❖It is well-known that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held on August 8th.
主语从句
❖As is known to all, the
The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法）
2） 疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。 有以下四种：
a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）：
Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得”g_e_t____b,e_c_o__m_e__,
_t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...
<2>. “看起来”lo_o__k___s,_e_e_m___,_a_p_p__e_ar “闻起来”s_m__e_ll__ “尝起来”taste
英语句子种类
按句子的结构分为三种:
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
(一).简单句:
只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和 一个谓语(或并列谓语):
<1>.Tom likes rock music.
<2>.Tom and John are fond of ▲ rock music.
类型从句： 1._名__词___性___从__句_
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句
2._定___语___从__句____ 3.__状__语___从___句___
同位语从句
指出下列各从句的类型：
❖I hope that
宾语从句
everything is all right.
❖She was reading the 状语从句
语）: happen occur “发生t”ak_e__p_l_a_c_e___; _c_o_m__e__a_b__o;ut b__r_e_a_k__o_u__t ; __________ _____r_u_n__o_ut give out
“用完,用光”________;
_★_不___及__宾物_.语.动... 词的用法:被动语态 无 __________, 无_________
4主. _语__+__谓__语__+_间__宾__+_直__宾__(_S_+__V_+O1+O2)
I teach you English.
He offered me his seat.
5. _主__语__+_谓__语__+_宾__语__+__宾__补__(_S_+_V+O+C)
We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.
e.g. <1>.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了
很大的变化”
Our school has(×ta)ken place
great changes in the last few years.
Gre__a_t_c_h__a_n_g__e_s__h_a_v__e_t_a_k__e_n__p_l_ace
in o__u_r_s__c_h_o__o_l_i_n__th__e__la_s__t_f_e_w__y_.ears.
The story _s__o_u_n_d_s__i_n_te__re_s_t.ing
(听起来有趣).
2. ___主__语___+__谓___语___(S + V)
Our chalk has run out.
On hearing the news, he cheered. ★高考经常考查的不及物动词（或短
_____
feel
sound
“摸起来” ______ “听起
★系动词的用法: (注意三点)
+____a_d_j_. ____作表语; 无 __宾__语______; 无 __被__动__语__态__;
e.g. The dish _t_a_s_t_e_s__d_e_li_c_i_o_u_s_.
(尝起来好吃)
<2>. Do you know what w＼as
happened yesterday? (改错)
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
We are having an English class.
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
(三）复合句:主句+从句
主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和 一个主句连用，不能独立存在.
请指出该复合句的主句和从句:
从句
By the time he arrived,
1
主句
we had already left.
2
在复合句中，主要包含以下
set.
S+V+O1+O2
4.She knows French.
S+V+O
5.The gas smells terrible. S+V+P
(二)并列句(compound sentence):
把两个或几个简单句用
并列连词或分号连
接起来，则成为一个并列 句。
常用并列连词
and, both….and…., ▪ 平行并列连词: not only…. but also….,
<3>.Tom sat down at his desk and began to do his homework.
▲
简单句的 五种基本句型
1. _主__语__+__系__动__词__+_表__语__(_S_+_V__+_P_)
It is getting warmer and warmer.
He looks pretty happy today.
Take this seat.
Do be careful. 否定结构：
Don't move.
Don't be late.
2） 第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句
a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try? b. Let us 不包括说话者
状语从句
请把句子连接为一个含有状语从句复合 句。 ❖I’ll give the letter to him .I see him.
(时间状语从句)
❖I’ll give the letter to him when I see him
as soon as
★ the moment
★ the minute
What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather （it is）! What a clever boy (he is)!
★ immediately
▪ It is such a big box .Nobody can move it. (结果状语从句)
It is such a big box that nobody can move it. Such a big box is it that nobody can move it.
4） 感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话 人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
What good news it is! 多好的消息啊！
祈使句结构 祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。
1） 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头， 在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主 语的句子)。
d. 反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：
He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？
3） 祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求， 建议或发出命令，例如：
Sit down, please. 请坐。 Don't be nervous! 别紧张！
neither…. nor…. ▪ 转折并列连词： but,while,yet
▪ 因果并列连词: for, so
▪ 选择并列连词: or
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合
并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
2.The dress is really beautiful. I can’t afford it.
The dress is really beautiful,
but I can’t afford it.
3. Mary is cooking. John is greeting guests.
Mary is cooking ,and / while John is greeting guests.
Beautiful as the dress is, I can’t afford it.
按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈 使句和感叹句。
1） 陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个 事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。 （说明事实）
b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live? 你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？
c. 选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）：
Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？
Let us have another try，will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构： Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter.
陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+
陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+
陈述语序
How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is!
感叹句的省略形式为：
I heard them cheering in the next room.
I saw the window broken.
请说出下列句子类型:
1.Summer is coming. S+Vi
2.They won’t let me go. S+V+O+C
3.He showed me a new TV
2008 Olympic Games will
be held in about four
months.
定语从
句
▪ I want to live in a place where the air is fresh.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu定语从句
▪ I want to live where the air is fresh.
4.He works hard. He also likes helping others.
1>. He not only works hard but he also likes helping others.
2>.Not only does he work hard but he also likes helping others.