医学英语词汇第一周：消化系统
消化系统的解剖单词 改
消化系统的解剖单词1.消化系统alimentary system2.消化管alimentary canal3.消化腺alimentary gland4.口腔oral cavity5.口腔前庭oral vestibule6.固有口腔oral cavity proper7.口唇oral lips8.人中philtrum9.鼻唇沟nasolabial sucus10.牙龈gingiva11.颊check12.硬腭hard palate13.软腭soft palate14.腭帆velum of palatinum15.腭垂uvula16.腭舌弓palatoglossal arch17.腭咽弓palatopharyngeal arch18.咽峡isthmus of fauces19.牙齿teeth20.上牙弓upper dental arch21.下牙弓lower dental arch22.牙腔dental cavity23.髓腔pulp cavity24.乳牙deciduous teeth25.恒牙permanent teeth26.智牙wisdom tooth27.舌tongue28.舌乳头papillae tongue29.腮腺parotid gland30.下颌下腺submandibular gland31.舌下腺sublingual gland32.咽pharynx33.鼻咽nasopharynx34.咽扁桃体pharyngeal tonsil35.咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal openning ofauditory tube36.咽鼓管圆枕tubal torus37.咽鼓管扁桃体tubal tonsil 38.咽隐窝pharyngeal recess39.口咽oropharynx40.腭扁桃体palatine tonsil41.扁桃体隐窝tonsillar crypts42.扁桃体小窝tonsillar fossulae43.喉咽laryngopharynx44.梨状隐窝piriform recess45.食管esophagus46.胃stomach47.贲门cardia48.幽门pylorus49.胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach50.胃大弯greater curvature of stomach51.胃小凹gastric pit52.幽门括约肌pyloric sphincter53.小肠small intestine54.十二指肠duodenum55.十二指肠悬韧带suspensory ligamentof duodenum56.空肠jejunum57.回肠ilium58.孤立淋巴滤泡solitary lymphaticfollicles59.集合淋巴滤泡aggregated lymphaticfollicles60.大肠large intestine61.结肠袋haustra of colon62.结肠带colic bands63.盲肠cecum64.回盲瓣ileocecal valve65.阑尾vermiform appendix66.结肠colon67.升结肠ascending colon68.横结肠transverse colon69.降结肠descending colon70.乙状结肠sigmoid colon71.直肠rectum72.直肠骶曲sacral flexure of rectum73.直肠会阴曲perineal flexure of rectum74.直肠壶腹ampulla of rectum75.肛管anal canal76.肛柱anal columns77.肛瓣anal valves78.肛窦anal sinuses79.肛直肠线anorectal line80.齿状线dentate line81.肛梳anal pecten82.白线white line83.肛门anus84.肛门括约肌sphincter ani internus85.肛门外括约肌sphincter ani externus86.肝liver87.膈面diaphragmatic surface88.裸面bare area89.肝左叶left lobe90.肝右叶right lobe91.脏面visceral surface92.肝门porta hepatis93.肝蒂hepatic pedicle94.肝圆韧带裂fissure for ligamentum tereshepatis95.静脉韧带裂fissure for ligamentumvenosum96.胆囊窝fossa for gallbladder97.腔静脉沟sulcus for vena cava98.肝裂hepatic fissure99.右叶间裂right interlobar fissure100.左叶间裂left interlobar fissure101.肝总管common hepatic duct102.胆囊gallbladder103.胆囊管cystic duct104.胆总管common bile duct105.肝胰壶腹hepatopancreatic ampulla 106.肝胰壶腹括约肌sphicter of hepatopancreatic ampulla107.胰pancreas108.胰头head of pancreas109.胰管pancreatic duct。
消化内科英语专业词汇
消化内科英语专业词汇一、消化系统器官相关词汇。
1. esophagus [iːˈsɒfəɡəs]（名词，食管）2. stomach [ˈstʌmək]（名词，胃）- gastric [ˈɡæstrɪk]（形容词，胃的，例如：gastric juice 胃液）3. intestine [ɪnˈtestɪn]（名词，肠）- small intestine [smɔːl ɪnˈtestɪn]（名词短语，小肠）- large intestine [lɑːdʒɪnˈtestɪn]（名词短语，大肠）- intestinal [ɪnˈtestɪnl]（形容词，肠的）4. liver [ˈlɪvə(r)]（名词，肝脏）- hepatic [hɪˈpætɪk]（形容词，肝的，例如：hepatic artery 肝动脉）5. gallbladder [ˈɡɔːlˌblædə(r)]（名词，胆囊）6. pancreas [ˈpæŋkriəs]（名词，胰腺）- pancreatic [ˌpæŋkriˈætɪk]（形容词，胰腺的，例如：pancreatic juice 胰液）二、消化系统疾病相关词汇。
1. ulcer [ˈʌlsə(r)]（名词，溃疡）- gastric ulcer [ˈɡæstrɪk ˈʌlsə(r)]（名词短语，胃溃疡）- duodenal ulcer [ˌdjuːəˈdiːnl ˈʌlsə(r)]（名词短语，十二指肠溃疡）2. gastritis [ɡæˈstraɪtɪs]（名词，胃炎）3. enteritis [ˌentəˈraɪtɪs]（名词，肠炎）4. hepatitis [ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs]（名词，肝炎）- hepatitis A [ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs eɪ]（名词短语，甲型肝炎）- hepatitis B [ˌhepəˈtaɪtɪs biː]（名词短语，乙型肝炎）5. cirrhosis [sɪˈrəʊsɪs]（名词，肝硬化）6. pancreatitis [ˌpæŋkriəˈtaɪtɪs]（名词，胰腺炎）7. cholecystitis [ˌkɒlɪsɪˈstaɪtɪs]（名词，胆囊炎）三、消化内科检查相关词汇。
医学英语单词消化系统常见词根
盲肠
cecitis盲肠炎
cecocolic盲结肠的
celi/o
腹，腹腔
celiac腹腔的
celialgia腹痛
celiocentesis腹腔穿刺术
cheil/o
唇
cheilitis唇炎
chol/e chol/o
胆汁
cholelithiasis胆石病
col/o colon/o
结肠
colonopathy结肠病
proctoscope直肠镜
rect/o
直肠
rectocele脱肛
rectopexy直肠固定术
sial/o
唾液
sialoangitis涎管炎
sialorrhoea多涎
sigmoid/o
乙状结肠
sigmoiditis乙状结肠炎
splen/o
脾
splenocele脾疝
splenomegaly脾肿大
-ase
gastr/o
胃
gastrectomy胃切除术
gingiv/o
牙龈
gingiva齿龈
gloss/o
舌
glossodynia舌痛
glossopharyngeal舌咽的
ile/o
回肠
ileac回肠的
ileus肠梗阻
jejun/o
空肠
gastrojejunostomy胃空肠吻合术
jejunal空肠的
lingu/o
舌
lingual舌的
sublingual舌下的
பைடு நூலகம்nas/o
鼻
nasal鼻的
nasopharynx鼻咽
or/o
口
oral口腔
消化内科英文单词
文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 消化系统--单词消化管食管esophagus贲门cardia胃gaster , stomach胃小弯lesser curvature胃大弯greater curvature壁细胞parietal cell幽门pylorus幽门括约肌pyloric sphincter 十二指肠duodenum空肠jejunum回肠ileum盲肠caecum乙状结肠sigmoid colon直肠rectum消化腺唾液腺salivary gland舌下腺sublingual glands下颌下腺submandibular gland 下颌骨mandible肝脏hepar, liver肝的hepatic肝细胞hepatocyte胆管bile duct胆囊gall bladder, cholecystis 胆囊管cystic duct胰腺pancreat消化的peptic脏层腹膜visceral peritoneum 网膜omentum粘膜mucosa粘液mucus浆膜serosa粪便faeces症状疾病吞咽困难disphagia外痔external haemorrhoid第二章消化系统Chapter 2 Digestive Systemaccessory pancreatic duct 副胰管accessory parotid gland 副腮腺aggregated lymphatic follicles 集合淋巴滤泡alimentary canal 消化管alimentary gland 消化腺alimentary system 消化系统ampulla of rectum 直肠壶腹anal canal 肛管anal columns 肛柱anal pecten 肛梳anal sinuses 肛窦anal valves 肛瓣angular incisure 角切迹anocutaneous line 肛皮线anorectal line 肛直肠线anus 肛门ascending colon 升结肠ascending part 升部bare arer 裸区body of gallbladder 胆囊体body of pancreas 胰体body of stomach 胃体caecum 盲肠canine teeth 尖牙cardia 贲门cardiac incisure 贲门切迹cardiac part 贲门部caudate lobe 尾状叶cavity of pharynx 咽腔colic bands 结肠带conon 结肠common bile duct 胆总管common hepatic duct 肝总管cystic duct 胆囊管deep part 深部descending colon 降结肠descending part 降部diaphragmatic surface 膈面duodenal bulb 十二指肠球duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲duodenum 十二指肠epiploic appendices 肠脂垂esophagus 食管falciform ligament 镰状韧带filiform papillae 丝状乳头fissure for ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带裂fissure ofrligamentum venosum 静脉韧带裂foliate palillae 叶状乳头fornix of stomach 胃穹窿fossa for gallbladder 胆囊窝fundus of gallbladder 胆囊底fundus of stomach 胃底gall bladder 胆囊genioglossus 颏舌肌greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯haemorrhoidal ring 痔环haustra of colon 结肠袋head of pancreas 胰头hepatic fissure 肝裂hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹horizontal part 水平部ileocecal orifice 回盲口ileocecal valve 回盲瓣ileum 回肠inferior duodenal flexure 十二指肠下曲isthmus of fauces 咽峡jejunum 空肠large intestine 大肠laryngopharynx 喉咽left colic flexure 结肠左曲left interlobar fissure 左叶间裂left intersegmental fissure左外叶段间裂left lobe of liver 肝左叶lesser curvature of stomach 胃小弯ligament of Treitz Treitz 韧带ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带ligamentum venosum 静脉韧带liver 肝longitudinal fold of duodenum 十二指肠纵襞major duodenal papilla 十二指肠大乳头minor duodenal papilla 十二指肠小乳头minor salivary glands 小唾液腺nasolabial sulcus 鼻唇沟nnasopharynx 鼻咽neck of gallbladder 胆囊颈neck of tooth 牙颈notch for ligamentum teres hepatis 肝圆韧带切迹pancreas 胰pancreatic duct 胰管papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头papillae of tougue 舌乳头parotid duct 腮腺管parotid gland 腮腺perineal flexure of rectum 直肠会阴曲periodontal membrane 牙周膜pharyngeal opening of auditory tube 咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal recess 咽隐窝pharyngeal tonsil 咽扁桃体pharynx 咽philtrum 人中piriform recess 梨状隐窝porta hepatis 肝门pyloric antrum 幽门窦pyloric canal 幽门管pyloric part 幽门部pyloric sphincter 幽门括约肌pyloric valve 幽门瓣pylorus 幽门quadrate lobe 方叶rectum 直肠right colic flexure 结肠右曲right interlobar fissure 右叶间裂right intersegmental fissure 右后叶段间裂right lobe of liver 肝右叶sasral flexure of rectum 直肠骶曲salivary gland 唾液腺secondary porta of liver 第2肝门sigmoid colon 乙状结肠small intestine 小肠soft palate 软腭solitary lymphatic follicles 孤立淋巴滤泡sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌sphincter ani internus 肛门内括约肌spiral fold 螺旋襞stomach 胃subcutaneous part 皮下部sulcus for vena cava 腔静脉沟superficial part 浅部superior duodenal flexure 十二指肠上曲superior part 上部suspensory ligament of duodenum 十二指肠悬韧带suspensoy muscle of duodenum 十二指肠悬肌tail of pancreas 胰尾terminal sulcus 界沟transverse colon 横结肠uncinate process 钩突vallate papillae 轮廓乳头vermiform appendix 阑尾visceral surface 脏面white line 白线ulcerative colits溃疡性结肠炎crpjms disease 克隆氏病inflammatory bowel disease IBS炎症性肠病fissurine ulcer裂隙状溃疡sulfasalazine sasp水杨酸偶氯磺胺吡啶skip area 跳跃区megacolon巨结肠diarrhea 腹泻colonoscopy 肠镜abdominal distention 腹水tenderness压痛rebound tenderness 反跳痛liver cirrhosis肝硬化hepatic cirrhosis肝硬化mcburneys point 麦氏点murphys sign 墨菲氏征hodgkings disease霍奇金病acute peritonitis 急性腹膜炎peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡barium enema 钡灌肠shifting dullness 移动性浊音umbilical region 脐部pneumoperitoneum气腹dough kneading sensation 揉面感perustalsis蠕动liver thrill 肝震颤courvoisiers sign 无痛胆囊肿大征sheehans disease席汉氏病gurgling sound 肠鸣音scratch sound搔弹音abdominal wall varoices 腹壁静脉曲张gastral patten 胃型friction sound 摩擦音apical belly尖腹frog belly腹水ascites 蛙腹cachexia 恶液质abdominal bulge腹部膨隆abdominal retraction 腹部凹陷epigestric region上腹部scaphoid abdomen舟状腹spider 蜘蛛痣board-like rigidity 板样硬度addisons disease 阿狄森病budd-chiaris syndrome 柏-查综合征cullens sign 腹部皮下兰色征costovertebral anbgle 肋脊角fluctuation波动感fluid thrill液波震颤succusion splash 震水音intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻ruler pressing test 尺压实验melena 黑便hepatic肝纤维化portal hyptrtension 门脉高压portal-systemic shunting 门体分流bridging necrosis 桥状坏死ascite jaundice黄疸hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病endoscopy内镜endoscopic biopy 活检diagnostic endoscopy 诊断内镜therapeutic endoscopy 治疗内镜gastroscopy胃镜colonoscopy肠镜fiberoptic endoscope纤维胃镜sclerotherapy硬化疗法endoscopic uffrasound 内镜超声esophaged endoscopy食管镜endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreat graphy ERCP内镜逆行胆管造影。
医学英语消化系统图文解说
Text Study——Part 1
1. What are other terms for digestive tract?
Digestive tract is also termed as gastrointestinal tract, alimentary canal or gut(消化道).
They are also known as accessory organs, because they are not part of the digestive tract, yet have a role in digestive activities.
Unit Two
The Digestive System
Objectives
In this unit, we are going to learn to:
1. Grasp some medical terms related to digestive system.
2. Describe the function of the digestive system, and differentiate between organs of the alimentary canal and accessory digestive organs；
Text Study——Part 1——Translation
There are many people who are waiting to be admitted to the hospital ward.
许多人在等着入院。
Fat-soluble vitamins, which include vitamins A,D,E, and K, are usually absorbed with the help of foods that contain fat.
消化系统-英文版
the Alimentary Tract
The mouth, or oral cavity, is the first part of the digestive tract.It is adapted to receive food by ingestion, break it into small particles by mastication, and mix it with saliva.The lips, cheeks, and palate form the boundaries.The oral cavity contains the teeth and tongue and receives the secretions from the salivary glands.
The stomach is divided into the fundic, cardiac, body, and pyloric regions. The stomach has three layers of muscle: an outer longitudinal layer, a middle circular layer, and an inner oblique layer.The inner lining consists of four layers: the serosa, the muscularis, the submucosa, and the mucosa.The mucosa is densely packed with gastric glands, which contain cells that produce digestive enzymes, hydrochloric acid, and mucus. The stomach is a multi-functional organ, it stores food, breaks it down and then empties it into the small intestine.
医学英语单词-消化系统
医学英语单词消化系统Gastrointestinal Systemascites/ə'saɪtiz/腹水asterixis扑翼样震颤Billroth 1 毕1氏胃十二指肠吻合术Billroth 2 毕2氏胃十二指肠吻合术cholecystectomy/,kɑləsɪs'tektəmɪ/胆囊切除术cholecystitis/,kɑləsɪs'taɪtɪs/胆囊炎cholecystititides（复数）choledocholithotomy/cholidok’lisotomy/胆总管石切除术cirrhosis /sɪ'rəʊsɪs/肝硬化Crohn’s disease克罗恩氏病,局限性肠炎Cullen’s sign腹膜内出血diverticulitis /daɪvətɪkjʊ'laɪtɪs/憩室炎Diverticulitis jejunum空肠憩室炎diverticulosis/,daɪvətɪkjʊ'ləʊsɪs/憩室病复数diverticulosesdumping syndrome [外科] 倾倒综合征esophageal varices/,isə'fædʒɪəl/食管静脉曲张esophageal carcinoma食管癌esophageal neoplasm carcinoma食管肿瘤fetor hepaticus肝病性口臭gastrectomy/gæ'strektəmɪ/[外科] 胃切除术gastric resection胃切除术hiatal hernia[内科] 食管裂孔疝Kock ileostomy科克回肠造口术ileostomy/,ɪlɪ'ɒstəmɪ/回肠造口术Murphy’s sign 墨菲氏征pancreatitis/,pæŋkrɪə'taɪtɪs/n. [内科] 胰腺炎复数pancreatititidesperistalsis/,perɪ'stælsɪs/n. 蠕动peristalses蠕动（复数）portal hypertension门静脉高压pyloroplasty/pai'lɔ:rə,plæsti/n. [外科] 幽门成形术Ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎vagotomy /veɪ'gɒtəmɪ/迷走神经切断术excretevt. 排泄；分泌cheek n. 面颊，脸颊；臀部palate 味觉；上颚；趣味tongue/tʌŋ/salivary gland唾腺maxillary bone上颌骨amylase enzyme淀粉酶(ptyalin)/'taɪəlɪn/唾液淀粉酶esophagus/iː'sɒfəɡəs/食管复数esophagi食管Cardia贲门fundusn. [解剖] 底；基底；底部pylorusn. [解剖] 幽门mucous adj. 黏液的mucous gland粘液腺mucosa n.粘膜sphincter 括约肌gastric contents 胃内容物hydrochloric acid盐酸particle/'pɑrtɪkl/n. 微粒，粒子pepsin胃蛋白酶coenzyme/'kəʊ,enzaɪm/辅酶candidal infection念珠菌感染adhesion n. 粘附intrinsic factor 内因子gastrin促胃液素acidity n. 酸度；酸性；胃酸过多duodenum十二指肠jejunum/dʒɪ'dʒuːnəm/空肠ileum /'ɪlɪəm/回肠复数ileacecum盲肠（等于caecum）复数ceca sigmoid colon乙状结肠intestine肠enteron肠，消化道bladder 膀胱gallbladder胆囊cholecyst 胆囊chole胆汁bile duct胆管cystic duct 胆囊管hepatic ducts n. 肝胆管pancreatic duct 胰管starch 淀粉，含淀粉的食物maltose麦芽糖glucoe葡萄糖monosaccharide/mɒnə(ʊ)'sækəraɪd/单糖lactose乳糖galactose /gə'læktos/ 半乳糖lactase /'lækteɪz/乳糖酶乳糖酵素split vt. 分离；使分离；分解protease/'prəʊtɪeɪz/n.蛋白酶kinin n.激肽；细胞分裂素ribonucleicacids /,raibəunju:'kli:ik/核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acids /di:'ɔksi,raibəu'nju:kli:ik/脱氧核糖核酸nucleotides 核苷酸nucleosides核苷enterokinase/,entərəʊ'kaɪneɪs/肠激酶trypsinogen /trɪp'sɪnədʒ(ə)n/胰蛋白酶原ileocecal valve /,iliəu'sekəl/ 回盲瓣anus 肛门anal sphincters 肛门括约肌anal canal 肛管peritoneum/,perɪtə'niːəm/. 腹膜复数peritoneums或peritoneamesentery 肠系膜filter v. 过滤neutralize /'nʊtrə'laɪz/vt. 抵销；使…中和；使…无效；使…中立emulsify vt. 使…乳化cholecystokinin /,kolɪ,sɪstə'kaɪnɪn/ n.肠促胰酶肽；缩胆囊素exocrine gland 外分泌腺bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐somatostatin 生长激素抑制素langerhans朗格汉斯。
医学英语 消化系统#
Related roots
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • oro-, stoma-, stomato: stomatic, to the mouth口的 esophago-: esophageal, to the esophagus食道的 gastro-: gastric, to the stomach胃的 chole-: biliary, to the bile胆汁的 cholecysto-: to the gallbladder胆囊的 hapato-: hapatic, to the liver肝的 spleno-: splenic, to the spleen脾的 laparo-, abdomino-: laparal, abdominal腹的 entero-, intestino-: intestinal, to the intestine小肠的 duodeno-: duodenal, to the duodenum十二指肠的 jejuno-: jejunal, to the jejunum空肠的 ileo-: ileal, to the ileum回肠的 colo-: colonic, to the colon结肠的 procto-: to the rectum直肠的
*ilium髂骨 adj. is iliac; adj. of ileum is ileal
Digestive System Glosห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ary
• Accessory structures:
– salivary glands - glands located in the mouth that produce saliva that contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates (starch淀粉). – liver - a large organ located above and to the right of the stomach. It filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile and some blood proteins. – gallbladder胆囊 - a small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum. It stores and releases bile into the small intestine. – pancreas - an enzyme-producing gland located below the stomach and above the intestines. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the small intestines. – Ampulla of Vater瓦特氏壶腹
双语医学课件-消化系统TheDigestive
胃溃疡
病因
胃酸和蛋白酶的消化是形成胃溃 疡的主要因素，长期不良饮食习 惯、精神压力大、药物刺激等也
可能导致胃溃疡。
症状
上腹疼痛、饱胀、反酸、嗳气等 是胃溃疡的常见症状，严重时可
出现出血、穿孔等并发症。
治疗
药物治疗是胃溃疡的主要治疗方 法，同时需要改善饮食习惯和生
活方式。
肠道疾病
肠易激综合征
一种功能性肠病，表现为 腹痛、腹胀、排便习惯改 变等症状，但无器质性病 变。
胃
通过胃酸和消化酶进一步分解 食物，并与消化液混合形成食 糜。
大肠
包括盲肠、结肠和直肠，主要 负责吸收水分和形成粪便。
消化系统的生理作用
01
02
03
分泌消化液
口腔、胃和小肠等器官分 泌消化液，如唾液、胃酸、 胆汁和胰液，以帮助分解 食物。
蠕动运动
消化道的肌肉通过蠕动运 动推动食物向下移动，促 进食物的消化和吸收。
调节消化
神经系统和激素对消化系 统进行调节，控制消化液 的分泌、胃肠的蠕动以及 吸收过程。
02
消化系统的结构
口腔
口腔是消化系统的起始部分，主 要功能是咀嚼食物，为后续的消
化做准备。
口腔内有牙齿、舌、唾液腺等结 构，共同完成咀嚼和吞咽的动作。
口腔还是呼吸系统的入口，具有 感受味道的功能。
食管
食管是连接口腔和胃 的管道，主要功能是 输送食物进入胃。
避免久坐
长时间久坐会影响肠道蠕动，增加消化系统疾病的风险，应尽量避免 长时间保持同一姿势。
运动前的热身和运动后的放松
进行适当的热身和放松活动，有助于预防运动损伤和促进身体恢复。
感谢您的观看
THANKS
医学英语词汇第一周：消化系统
说明一下：背后长长的那部分是该词汇的英文解释，大家千万不要吓坏了。
这周的词汇就从周三开始，我们把它具体成了每一天的量。
希望大家每天坚持下去哦！周三词汇：aliment/o: food, nutrient•alimentation: process of giving or taking nourishment. 养料,营养品•alimentary: pertaining to food. 营养的,饮食的•hyperalimentation: hyper- excessive, hence excessive amount of food. 营养的,饮食的appendic/o: appendix 阑尾•appendectomy: ectomy excision, hence removal of the appendix.阑尾切除术•appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix. 阑尾炎•appendical: pertaining to the appendix 阑尾的auto-: self, own•autodigestion: digestion of oneself. 自身消化,自溶作用,自身溶解•autoinfection: infection from oneself. 自身感染,内源性感染•autopsy: -opsy process of viewing; hence the examination of a dead body with one’s own eyes. 尸体解剖,尸检bil/i: gall, bile 胆汁•bilirubin: bile pigment. 胆红素•biliary: pertaining to bile or bile ducts. 胆汁的, 胆的•biliation: the production and excretion of bile. 胆汁分泌bucc/o: cheek 颊•buccal: pertaining to the cheek. 颊的, 口的, 口腔的•bucca: cheek 口,颊•buccopulpal: pertaining to cheek and pulp. 颊髓的,颊与牙髓的cec/o: cecum盲肠•cecorrhaphy: -rrhaphy suture, hence surgical repair of the cecum.盲肠缝合术•cecopexy: -pexy fixation, hence fixation of the cecum.盲肠固定术•cecocolic: col/o colon, hence pertaining to the cecum and colon.盲(肠)结肠的chol/e, chol/o: gall, bile•cholelithiasis: lith/o stone; -iasis disease condition, hence the condition of having stones in the gall bladder. 胆石病•cholestasis: -stasis stopping, hence stoppage of the flow of bile. 胆汁郁积, 胆汁阻塞•cholemesis: -emesis vomiting, hence vomiting of bile. 呕胆周四词汇：cholecyst/o: gallbladder胆囊•cholecystectomy: excision of the gallbladder. 胆囊切除术•cholecystitis: inflammation of the gallbladder. 胆囊炎•cholecystic: pertaining to the gallbladder. 胆囊的cis/o: to cut•incision: in- into; -ion process, hence the process of cutting in.切开,切口,断口•incisor: one of four front teeth in the dental arch.切牙•excision: ex- out, hence the process of cutting out.切除,切除col/o, colon/o: colon•colonopathy: diseased condition of the colon. 结肠病•colonoscope: a viewing instrument to examine the colon. 结肠镜•colostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body, hence from the colon to the outside of the body. 结肠造口术dent/o, dent/i: tooth•dentition: the teeth in the dental arch. 齿系, 齿列•lobiodental: lobi/o lip, hence pertaining to the lip and the teeth. 唇齿的•dentifrice: fricare to rub, hence substance used to clean the teeth. 洁牙剂diverticul/o: things that turn aside憩室•diverticulum: abnormal side-pocket in the intestine wall. (复diverticula) 憩室•diverticulitis: inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches) in the intestine wall, especially in the colon.憩室炎•diverticulosis: the presence of the diverticula.憩室病duoden/o: duodenum十二指肠•duodenectomy: excision of the duodenum. 十二指肠切除术•gastroduodenal: pertaining to stomach and duodenum. 胃十二指肠的•duodenitis: inflammation of the duodenum. 十二指肠炎enter/o: intestine•enteropathy: disease of the intestine. 肠病•enterocolitis: inflammation of the small intestine and colon.小肠结肠炎•gastroenterologist: specialist in alimentary tract disorders.胃肠病学家周五词汇：gingiv/o: gums 龈•gingivae: gums 龈•gingivitis: inflammation of the gums.龈炎•gingivectomy: excision of the gums. 龈切除术ile/o: ileum回肠•ileocecal: cec/o cecum(盲肠), hence pertaining to the ileum and cecum.回盲肠的•ileostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•ileitis: inflammation of the ileum.回肠炎jejun/o: jejunum空肠•gastrojejunostomy: surgical connection or opening between the stomach and jejunum.胃空肠吻合术•jejunoileal: pertaining to the jejunum and ileum. 空肠回肠的•jejunotomy: incision of the jejunum. 空肠切开术lingu/o: tongue舌•lingual: pertaining to the tongue.舌的•sublingual: sub- under, hence pertaining to something that is under the tongue. 舌下的•linguodental: pertaining to the tongue and tooth. 舌牙的-megaly: enlargement增大•splenomegaly: splen/o the spleen, hence enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver. 肝肿大•cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart. 心肥大micro-: small小•microscope: an apparatus used to magnify small objects. 显微镜•microscopic: pertaining to extremely small size.显微镜(下)的,微观的•micronodular: pertaining to small nodules.小结节的nas/o: nose鼻子•nasal: pertaining to the nose.鼻的•nasogastic: pertaining to the nose and stomach. 鼻胃的•nasopalatine: pertaining to the nose and palate. 鼻腭的周六词汇：or/o: mouth口•oropharynx: the area of the throat at the back of the mouth. 口咽的•oral: pertaining to the mouth. 口腔的•oralogy: study of the mouth.口腔学(stomatology口腔医学,牙医学)pancreat/o: pancreas胰腺\胰脏•pancreatic: pertaining to the pancreas.胰脏的•pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas.胰腺炎•pancreatin: one of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice. 胰液素pharyng/o: pharynx 咽•pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx.咽炎•pharyngonasal: pertaining to the nose and the pharynx. 咽鼻的(nasopharyngeal 鼻咽的)•pharyngoxerosis: -xer/o dry, hence dryness of the pharynx. 咽干燥proct/o: rectum直肠•proctology: study of disease of the rectum.直肠病学•proctoscope: instrument to visually examine the rectum.直肠镜•proctopexy: -pexy fix, fasten, hence fix the rectum. 直肠固定术sial/o: saliva唾液,涎•sialorrhea: -rrhea flow, discharge, hence excessive secretion of saliva. 流涎•sialolith: lith/o stone, hence salivary stone.涎石•salivary: pertaining to saliva.唾液的,涎的sigmoid/o: sigmoid colon乙状结肠•sigmoidoscopy: -scopy visual examination, hence visual examination of the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠镜检查(术)•sigmoiditis: inflammation of the sigmoid乙状结肠炎•sigmoidotomy: surgical incision into the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠切开术splen/o: spleen脾•splenomegaly: enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•splenectomy: surgical removal of the spleen. 脾切除术•splenic: pertaining to the spleen. 脾的周日词汇：-stomy: surgical opening造口术•ileostomy: surgical opening from the ileum to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•colostomy: surgical opening from the large intestine to the outside of the body.结肠造口术•coloproctostomy: proct/o anus and rectum, hence surgical connection or opening between the colon and rectum. 结肠直肠吻合术•tracheostomy: surgical opening from the trachea to the outside of the body.气管造口术•salpingostomy 输卵管造口术•gastrostomy 胃造口术•dacryocystostomy 泪囊造口术sub-: below, under下•sublingual: under the tongue. 舌下的•submandibular: mandibul/o lower jaw, hence under the lower jaw.下颌下的•subacid: moderately acid or sour. 微酸的,有点酸的。
医学常用英语词汇
医学常用英语词汇消化系统The Digestive SystemDysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Adenitis 腺炎Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistula 肛瘘External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites腹水肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Reproductive System Cystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎综合性字汇Contraceptive避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion叩诊Visceralgia脏器痛Hepatitis B B型肝炎Jaundice 黄疸各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt. Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s. at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp. Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I & O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅JJej. Jejunum 空肠Jt. Joint 关节KKn. Knee 膝KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c. after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o. by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d. every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次q.m. every morning 每日早晨q.n. every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc. Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重S/P status/ post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat) immediately 立刻Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏vessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii肺泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Cornea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Gynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1. gastric cancer胃癌2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌3. colon cancer结肠癌4. rectal cancer直肠癌5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌8. lung cancer肺癌9. esophageal cancer食道癌10. bladder cancer膀胱癌11. laryngl caner喉癌12. ovarian cancer软巢癌13. liver cancer肝癌14. skin cancer皮肤癌15. breast cancer乳癌16. leukemia血癌17. bone cancer骨癌18. brain tumor脑癌19. heart disease 心脏病20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船或飞机) Ambulant 可走动不必卧床的病人Ambulatory patient住院患者可走动(May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib, may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse护士Doctor 医生Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector 反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X光像片Operation 手术Scalpel 手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag 冰袋Fixation forceps 固定镊Medicine, drug药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze 纱布Mask 口罩Wheel chair 轮椅Crutches ?收?br />Ambulance 救护车Stretcher 担架Chart 病历表Prescription处方Blood pressure 血压Blood type 血型Artificial respiration 人工呼吸Pill 药丸Capsule胶囊Ointment 软膏Iodine tincture 碘酒Sedative 镇静剂Intensive care unit 加护病房Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术Intravenous drip 点滴Chemotherapy化学治疗Computerized Topography电脑断层magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局Fracture骨折Gypsum 石膏九、病历表内常见单字Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表History sheet 病历表Physical examination sheet 身体检查表Physician's order sheet 医嘱单Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录Laboratory reports 检验报告Radiographic reports X光检查报告Nursing notes 护理记录Graphic chart 图式病历Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要Operation report 手术报告Anesthesia record 麻醉记录Consultation sheet 会诊单Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书Emergency room record 急诊室记录住院病历表身家调查事项( identifying data or biographic data)admission date 住院日期hospital number = chart number 病历号码room number 病房号码namesexagebirth datebirth placemarital status = civil status 婚姻状况addressoccupationemployer 雇主公司health insurance number 医疗保险号码referring physician 转介医生各系统的表现状况--全身状态违和感malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort) feel unwell (ill, poorly)疲劳感.倦怠感lassitudefatiguetirednesswearinesslanguorlack of energy (vigor)listlessnessexhaustionworn-out虚脱无力状态weaknessfeeblenesslack (loss) of strengthdebilitypowerlessnessprostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion)asthenia睡眠状态sleepslumber (=light sleep)a nap (=a short sleep)a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)入睡fall asleep ; go to sleep小睡take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的sleepy ; drowsy ; somnolent ; lethargic睡意sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)睡眠不足loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人insomniac熟睡sound (profound) sleep睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦dream恶梦nightmare梦游症sleepwalking ; somnambulism梦游病者sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker体重方面(weight ; body weight)体重为weigh~ ; be ~ in weight最高maximum最低minimum平均average最适optimum现在present体重减少weight loss ; loss of weight体重增加weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱emaciated (emaciation)肥胖fat ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温take one's temperature发烧fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature 发烧的feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial发冷a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit寒颤shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills退热fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗sweating ; perspiration弛张热remittent fever间歇热intermittent fever连续热continuous fever危险期by crisis转轻期by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;後头部痛occipital pain侧头部痛temporal pain前头部痛frontal pain头痛have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head 耳痛earache ; sore ears ; toalgia咽喉痛sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart)齿痛toothache胸痛chest pain心前部痛precordial pain心绞痛anginal pain胸股下後痛substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛pleuritic pain腹痛abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache上腹痛epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛upper abdominal pain下腹部痛lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛flank pain背痛backache腰痛low backache ; lumbago关节痛joint pain肌肉痛muscular pain神经痛neuralgia绞痛colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛renal colic痛cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic博动痛throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain转移性痛radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛referred pain电击痛lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛girdle pain神经根性痛root pain空腹痛hunger pain夜间痛nocturnal pain自发痛spontaneous pain压痛tenderness固定痛fixed (steady) pain灼热痛burning pain刺状痛lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛splitting ; racking撕裂状痛tearing ; rending ;钝痛dull ; obtuse ;剧烈痛sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛gnawing ; griping擦伤痛stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛pricking ; pricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸breath ; respiration呼吸困难difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath深呼吸breathe deeply叹息sigh ; draw a long breath喘息pant端坐呼吸orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速tachypnea ; rapid breathing喘呜wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏sneezing ; sneeze打嗝hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus咳嗽cough阵发性咳嗽have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉clear the throat乾咳dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳productive cough ; cough with sputum喀痰sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰mucoid sputum脓性喀痰purulent sputum血性喀痰bloody sputum混血喀痰blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰greenish sputum锈色喀痰rusty sputum感冒common cold流形性感冒influenze ; flu ; grippe上呼吸道感染upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)胸膜炎pleruisy气喘asthma心悸palpitation悸动palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill狭心症angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia食欲增进increase (improvement) of appetite无食欲have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲lose one's apptite空腹an empty stomach咀嚼chewing ; mastication吞咽swallow gulp吞咽困难difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气打噎belching ; eructation打酸噎sour eructation心灼热heartburn ; pyrosis ; water brash逆流regugitation恶心nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣coffee-grounds消化digestion消化不良indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling黄疸jaundice ; icterus腹水ascites通便bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢diarrhea ; loose bowels ;便秘constipation水状watery stool (feces)血状bloody stool柏油状tarry stool泥状mushy stool软状loose stool硬状hard stool呈固状formed stool呈半固状semiformed stool大便失禁fecal incontinence放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate尿意urge (desire ) to urinate尿急urinary urgency频尿urinary frequency夜间频尿frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿polyuria少尿oliguria无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿urinary retention尿失禁urinary incontinence夜间多尿nocutria夜尿症bed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿cloudy (turbid) urine血尿bloody urine ; hematuria性欲sexual desire ; libido性交sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎impotence勃起erection射精ejaculation早泄premature ejaculation遗精pollution梦遗nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼circumcision性病venereal disease (V.D.)月经menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮menarche ; onset of menses停经menopause更年期climacteric ; changeof life痛经dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow 白带vaginal discharge阴道出血vaginal bleeding少量时yaginal spoting子宫出血metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding妊娠pregnancy ; conception怀孕conceive ; be pregnant不妊sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive流产abortion ; miscarriage ;人工流产induced abortion避孕contraception; birth control避孕药contraceptive阵痛labor生产分娩childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered坐月子childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period孕吐morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy骨关节与肌肉系统脱臼joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint扭伤sprain挫伤sprain (twist ; wrench )关节炎arthritis风湿症theumatism痛风gout关节痛arthralgia ; joint pain变形deformity骨折fracture石膏cast ; plaster of Paris义腿(肢) artificial limb肌肉痛muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle扭筋strain ; sprain肩坚硬stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp 抽筋have a cramp ; be cramped肌肉压痛tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness精神与神经系统意识混浊clouding of consciousness丧失意识loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness恢复意识recover consciousness昏厥fainting ; syncope昏睡soma昏迷stupor嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy错乱confusion ; distracted ; distraught胆妄的delirious幻觉hallucination痉挛convulsion ; cramp ; spasm癫痫epilepsy半身不遂be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic肌无力muscular weakness步行困难difficulty in walking说话不清speak thickly蹒跚stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along肌肉萎缩atrophy of muscle左手性left-handedness右手性right-handedness运动失调ataxia无感觉loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia失去感觉become numb ; loss sensibility知觉过敏hypersthesia知觉迟钝hypesthesia知觉异常paresthesia神经质nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy神经衰弱nervous breakdown意志消沉depressed ; in low spirits情绪佳in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric情绪不稳定unstable ; labile capricious易受刺激excitable ; easily excited ; irritable不安的anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy内向的人introvert外向的人extrovert健忘be forgetful ; have a poor memory漠不关心indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned自卑感inferiority complex歇斯底里病hysteria眼耳鼻咽喉视力丧失lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind失明loss of vision ; blindness视力减退impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring近视near-sightedness ; myopia myopy远视far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope折射异常refractive error乱视astigmatism斜视strabismus ; squint复视diplopia ; double vision夜盲night-blindness ; nyctalopia盲点scotoma ; blind spot眼睛疲劳eyestrain流泪过多overflow of tears异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness怕光photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light结膜炎conjunctivitis砂眼trachoma听力减退impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing重听be hard of hearing耳聋deaf耳鸣ringing of ears ; tinnitus耳痛earache ; otalgia耳垢cerumen ; erawax ;中耳炎otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear流鼻水snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;鼻伤风sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza擤鼻涕blow the nose ;鼻声a nasal voice鼻塞nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion 鼻出血nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis鼻炎rhinitis扁桃tonsil扁桃炎tonsillitis齿痛toothache蛀齿decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity义齿an artificial tooth装假牙wear false teeth (a denture)无齿toothless ; edentulous掉齿lose a tooth ; come out拔齿pull out ; extract a tooth齿龈gums ; gingiva皮肤发疹eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem湿疹eczema荨麻疹urticaria ; hives胎记birth mark(红斑)青斑bruise黑斑mole水泡welt ; wheal ;wale头皮屑dandruff ; scurf痂scab ; curst ; slough丘疹pimple ; acne香港脚athlete's foot ; ringworm of the feet痱子prickly heat ; heat rash龟裂chaps ; cracks糜烂sore ; erosion ; festering疣warts冻疮chilblain ; festering尿布疹diaper rash黄癣favus ; scaldhead脓泡impetigo雀斑freckles晒斑sunburn骚养itching ; pruritus骚养伤scratch生脓fester ; form pus ; suppurate渗出exude ;ooze ; weep股擦伤have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)脱毛loss of hair ; falling-out of hair多毛症hirsutism无毛hairless ; bald ;秃头baldness ; bald- headedness秃头症alopecia十、诊断用具stethoscope 听诊器sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计thermometer 体温计ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜otoscope 耳镜laryngeal mirror 喉镜flashlight 手电统tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤tuning fork 音叉tape measure 卷尺scale (ruler) 尺loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜rubber gloves 橡胶手套finger cot 指套vaginal speculum 阴道镜。
医学英语——消化部分
d. 食管胃的
( ) 5. enteroviral
e. 消化不良
Digestive System
( ) 1. duodenal ( ) 2. jejunal
a. 回肠的 b. 阑尾炎
( ) 3. ileal
c. 结肠的
( ) 4. colonic
d. 十二指肠的
( ) 5. appendicitis
e. 空肠的
Digestive System
( ) 1. sigmoidal ( ) 2. rectal ( ) 3. anorectal ( ) 4. cholecystokinin ( ) 5. heparin
a. 直肠的 b. 肛门直肠的 c. 缩胆素 d. 乙状结肠的 e. 肝素
Stomatognathic System
Liver
Pancreas
• Helps you digest food by breaking down sugars
Digestive System
Digestive System
digestion pharynx
(L) gest(G) pepsi-
(G) pharyng-
maldigestion dyspepsia
• Tube that is 5 feet long • Gets waste from small intestine • Waste stays for 10 to 12 hours
Large Intestine
Gallbladder
• Storage tank for bile (a greenishyellow liquid) that helps your body break down and use fats
消化系统英语词汇
Colby-Sawyer College HEA 105 Vocabulary of Health Gastrointestinal SystemCombining Forms:abdomen/o abdomenaliment/o alimentary tractamyl/o starchan/o anusappendic/o appendixappend/o appendixbariatr/o obesitybil/o bilebucc/o cheekcec/o cecumceli/o abdomencheil/o lipchil/o lipchol/e gall, bilecholangi/o bile ductcholecyst/o gall bladdercholedoch/o common bile ductchyl/o chylecol/o colondent/i toothdips/o thirstdoch/o ductduoden/o duodenumenter/o small intestineesophag/o esophagusfec/o fecesgastr/o stomachgingiv/o gumsgloss/o tonguehepat/o liverherni/o herniaile/o ileumjejun/o jejunumlapar/o abdomenlingu/o tonguelith/o stoneodont/o toothor/o mouthpalat/o palatepancreat/o pancreasparotid/o salivary glandperitone/o peritoneumphag/o eating, swallowingproct/o rectum, anusptyal/o salivapylor/o pylorusrect/o rectumsial/o salivasigmoid/o sigmoid colonsit/o foodstaphyl/o grape-like clustersstomat/o mouthtyphl/o cecumuran/o palateSymptomatic Terms:anorexia lack of appetiteaphagia inability to swallowascites fluid in the peritoneal spacecachexia wasting, weight losscholelithiasis gall stonescirrhosis liver scarringconstipation infrequent stoolsdiarrhea frequent loose, liquid stoolsdiverticulosis wall sacs in the colondyschezia constipationdysentery inflammation of intestinedyspepsia indigestiondysphagia difficulty swallowingemesis vomitingeructation belchfistula tunneling of tissueflatulence gas in intestinesgastroparesis paralysis of the stomachhalitosis bad breathhematemesis vomiting bloodhematochezia red blood in stoolhemorrhoid varicose vein of rectumhepatomegaly enlargement of the liverhernia protrusion of tissuehypoglossal under the tongueicterus yellow skin discolorationintussusception telescoping of boweljaundice yellow skin discolorationmelena tarry stool containing bloodnausea queasinesspolyp benign tissue growthsteatorrhea feces containing fatstenosis narrowingsublingual under the tonguevarices varicose veinsvolvulus twisting of bowelvomiting expulsion of GI contentsProcedural Terms:anastomosis surgical connectioncathartic accelerated defecationcolostomy opening of the colongastropexy stomach staplingparacentesis drainage of the abdomen。
消化系统带英文的名词解释
消化系统带英文的名词解释消化系统是人体内的一个重要系统，负责将我们摄入的食物转化为能量和营养物质，以供身体使用。
这个系统主要由消化道和附属器官组成。
消化道是指一系列连接在一起的器官，包括口腔、食管、胃、小肠、大肠和直肠。
这些器官的主要功能是将食物分解成更小的分子，并吸收其中的营养物质。
以下是消化道中一些重要的部位及其功能解释：1. 口腔 (Oral cavity): 口腔是消化道的入口，它由嘴唇、牙齿、舌头和腭等组成。
在这个部位，食物被咀嚼和混合唾液。
同时，唾液中的酶开始分解淀粉，将其转化为更简单的糖类。
2. 食管 (Esophagus): 食管是食物从口腔进入胃的通道。
它通过蠕动的运动将食物推进到胃部。
食管壁内有平滑肌组织，这种特殊的构造使得食物在运动过程中不会倒流。
3. 胃 (Stomach): 胃是一个位于食管和小肠之间的J形器官。
它具有强大的肌肉壁，能够搅拌和消化食物。
胃分泌胃酸和胃蛋白酶，这些物质帮助分解食物并杀灭病原体。
4. 小肠 (Small intestine): 小肠是消化道中最长的部分，分为三个区域：十二指肠、空肠和回肠。
在小肠内，胆汁和胰液与食物混合，转化为更小的分子。
同时，小肠壁内的绒毛负责吸收营养物质和水分。
5. 大肠 (Large intestine): 大肠是连接小肠和直肠的一段，主要功能是吸收水分和电解质，并形成和排除固体废物。
大肠内还存在大量的肠道菌群，这些益生菌帮助消化和吸收未被小肠吸收的物质。
6. 直肠 (Rectum): 直肠是大肠的末端，负责暂时储存固体废物。
当直肠内有足够的压力时，排便的信息会被发送到大脑，并产生排便的冲动。
除了消化道，还有一些附属器官在消化过程中发挥重要作用：1. 胆囊 (Gallbladder): 胆囊是一个小袋状器官，连接在肝脏下方。
它主要储存胆汁，当食物进入小肠时，胆囊收缩释放胆汁，以帮助消化脂肪。
2. 肝脏 (Liver): 肝脏是人体最大的内脏器官，位于腹腔的右上部。
消化内科英文单词
百度文库- 让每个人平等地提升自我消化系统--单词消化管食管esophagus贲门cardia胃gaster , stomach胃小弯lesser curvature胃大弯greater curvature壁细胞parietal cell幽门pylorus幽门括约肌pyloric sphincter 十二指肠duodenum空肠jejunum回肠ileum盲肠caecum乙状结肠sigmoid colon直肠rectum消化腺唾液腺salivary gland舌下腺sublingual glands下颌下腺submandibular gland 下颌骨mandible肝脏hepar, liver肝的hepatic肝细胞hepatocyte胆管bile duct胆囊gall bladder, cholecystis 胆囊管cystic duct胰腺pancreat消化的peptic脏层腹膜visceral peritoneum 网膜omentum粘膜mucosa粘液mucus浆膜serosa粪便faeces症状疾病吞咽困难disphagia外痔external haemorrhoid第二章消化系统Chapter 2 Digestive Systemaccessory pancreatic duct 副胰管accessory parotid gland 副腮腺aggregated lymphatic follicles 集合淋巴滤泡alimentary canal 消化管alimentary gland 消化腺alimentary system 消化系统ampulla of rectum 直肠壶腹anal canal 肛管anal columns 肛柱anal pecten 肛梳anal sinuses 肛窦anal valves 肛瓣angular incisure 角切迹anocutaneous line 肛皮线anorectal line 肛直肠线anus 肛门ascending colon 升结肠ascending part 升部bare arer 裸区body of gallbladder 胆囊体body of pancreas 胰体body of stomach 胃体caecum 盲肠canine teeth 尖牙cardia 贲门cardiac incisure 贲门切迹cardiac part 贲门部caudate lobe 尾状叶cavity of pharynx 咽腔colic bands 结肠带conon 结肠common bile duct 胆总管common hepatic duct 肝总管cystic duct 胆囊管deep part 深部descending colon 降结肠descending part 降部diaphragmatic surface 膈面duodenal bulb 十二指肠球duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲duodenum 十二指肠epiploic appendices 肠脂垂esophagus 食管falciform ligament 镰状韧带filiform papillae 丝状乳头fissure for ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带裂fissure ofrligamentum venosum 静脉韧带裂foliate palillae 叶状乳头fornix of stomach 胃穹窿fossa for gallbladder 胆囊窝fundus of gallbladder 胆囊底fundus of stomach 胃底gall bladder 胆囊genioglossus 颏舌肌greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯haemorrhoidal ring 痔环haustra of colon 结肠袋head of pancreas 胰头hepatic fissure 肝裂hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹horizontal part 水平部ileocecal orifice 回盲口ileocecal valve 回盲瓣ileum 回肠inferior duodenal flexure 十二指肠下曲isthmus of fauces 咽峡jejunum 空肠large intestine 大肠laryngopharynx 喉咽left colic flexure 结肠左曲left interlobar fissure 左叶间裂left intersegmental fissure左外叶段间裂left lobe of liver 肝左叶lesser curvature of stomach 胃小弯ligament of Treitz Treitz 韧带ligamentum teres hepatic 肝圆韧带ligamentum venosum 静脉韧带liver 肝longitudinal fold of duodenum 十二指肠纵襞major duodenal papilla 十二指肠大乳头minor duodenal papilla 十二指肠小乳头minor salivary glands 小唾液腺nasolabial sulcus 鼻唇沟nnasopharynx 鼻咽neck of gallbladder 胆囊颈neck of tooth 牙颈notch for ligamentum teres hepatis 肝圆韧带切迹pancreas 胰pancreatic duct 胰管papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头papillae of tougue 舌乳头parotid duct 腮腺管parotid gland 腮腺perineal flexure of rectum 直肠会阴曲periodontal membrane 牙周膜pharyngeal opening of auditory tube 咽鼓管咽口pharyngeal recess 咽隐窝pharyngeal tonsil 咽扁桃体pharynx 咽philtrum 人中piriform recess 梨状隐窝porta hepatis 肝门pyloric antrum 幽门窦pyloric canal 幽门管pyloric part 幽门部pyloric sphincter 幽门括约肌pyloric valve 幽门瓣pylorus 幽门quadrate lobe 方叶rectum 直肠right colic flexure 结肠右曲right interlobar fissure 右叶间裂right intersegmental fissure 右后叶段间裂right lobe of liver 肝右叶sasral flexure of rectum 直肠骶曲salivary gland 唾液腺secondary porta of liver 第2肝门sigmoid colon 乙状结肠small intestine 小肠soft palate 软腭solitary lymphatic follicles 孤立淋巴滤泡sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌sphincter ani internus 肛门内括约肌spiral fold 螺旋襞stomach 胃subcutaneous part 皮下部sulcus for vena cava 腔静脉沟superficial part 浅部superior duodenal flexure 十二指肠上曲superior part 上部suspensory ligament of duodenum 十二指肠悬韧带suspensoy muscle of duodenum 十二指肠悬肌tail of pancreas 胰尾terminal sulcus 界沟transverse colon 横结肠uncinate process 钩突vallate papillae 轮廓乳头vermiform appendix 阑尾visceral surface 脏面white line 白线ulcerative colits溃疡性结肠炎crpjms disease 克隆氏病inflammatory bowel disease IBS炎症性肠病fissurine ulcer裂隙状溃疡sulfasalazine sasp水杨酸偶氯磺胺吡啶skip area 跳跃区megacolon巨结肠diarrhea 腹泻colonoscopy 肠镜abdominal distention 腹水tenderness压痛rebound tenderness 反跳痛liver cirrhosis肝硬化hepatic cirrhosis肝硬化mcburneys point 麦氏点murphys sign 墨菲氏征hodgkings disease霍奇金病acute peritonitis 急性腹膜炎peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡barium enema 钡灌肠shifting dullness 移动性浊音umbilical region 脐部pneumoperitoneum气腹dough kneading sensation 揉面感perustalsis蠕动liver thrill 肝震颤courvoisiers sign 无痛胆囊肿大征sheehans disease席汉氏病gurgling sound 肠鸣音scratch sound搔弹音abdominal wall varoices 腹壁静脉曲张gastral patten 胃型friction sound 摩擦音apical belly尖腹frog belly腹水ascites 蛙腹cachexia 恶液质abdominal bulge腹部膨隆abdominal retraction 腹部凹陷epigestric region上腹部scaphoid abdomen舟状腹spider 蜘蛛痣board-like rigidity 板样硬度addisons disease 阿狄森病budd-chiaris syndrome 柏-查综合征cullens sign 腹部皮下兰色征costovertebral anbgle 肋脊角fluctuation波动感fluid thrill液波震颤succusion splash 震水音intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻ruler pressing test 尺压实验melena 黑便hepatic肝纤维化portal hyptrtension 门脉高压portal-systemic shunting 门体分流bridging necrosis 桥状坏死ascite jaundice黄疸hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病endoscopy内镜endoscopic biopy 活检diagnostic endoscopy 诊断内镜therapeutic endoscopy 治疗内镜gastroscopy胃镜colonoscopy肠镜fiberoptic endoscope纤维胃镜sclerotherapy硬化疗法endoscopic uffrasound 内镜超声esophaged endoscopy食管镜endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreat graphy ERCP内镜逆行胆管造影。
消化系统-英文
消化系统-英文消化管Digestiv e tract上消化道upper digestiv e tract下消化道lower digestiv e tract消化腺Digestiv e gland大型消化腺large digestiv e gland小型消化腺small digestiv e gland咽pharynx食管esophagu s十二指肠duodenun 空肠jejunum 回肠ileum阑尾appendix 黏膜Mucosa上皮Epitheli um固有层Lamina propria黏膜肌层Muscular is mucosa黏膜下层Submucos a疏松结缔组织L.C.T骨骼肌Skeletal muscle平滑肌Smooth muscle纤维膜Fibrosa 浆膜Serosa 绒毛villi黏膜下腺Subucosa glands黏膜下神经丛Submucos a nerve plexus皱襞Plicae肌间神经丛Myenteri c nerve plexus纤维膜Fibrosa食管腺Esophage al gland纵行皱襞Plicae 贲门cadia 胃底fundus 胃体body 幽门pylorus胃底腺cadiac gland贲门腺pyloric gland幽门腺fundic gland胃黏膜屏障Stomach-mucosal barrier胃小凹gastric pit壁细胞parietal cell泌酸细胞oxyntic cell主细胞chief cell胃酶细胞zymogeni c cell颈黏液细胞neck mucous cell内分泌细胞endocrin e cell未分化细胞undiffer entiated cell吸收细胞absorpti ve cell微绒毛Microvil li纹状缘striated border潘氏细胞Paneth cell未分化细胞undiffen tiated cell内分泌细胞endocrin e cell吸收细胞absorpti ve cell杯状细胞goblet cell有孔毛细血管fenestra ted capillar y中央乳糜管central lacteal散在平滑肌diffuse smooth muscle肠相关淋巴组织gut-associat ed lymphoid tissue , GALT弥散淋巴组织diffuse lymphoid tissue孤立淋巴小结isolated lymphoid nodules集合淋巴小结accumula ted lymphoid nodulesM细胞-微皱褶细胞Microfol d cell胃肠道内分泌细胞Endocrin e cells of the gastrain testinal tract 基底颗粒细胞basal granular cell大唾液腺large salivary glands腮腺pirotid gland颌下腺submandi bular gland舌下腺sublingu al gland复管泡状腺tubuloac inar glands腺泡acini 导管ducts混合性腺泡Serous acinus浆液性腺泡Mucous acinus黏液性腺泡Mixed acinus闰管Intercal ated duct纹状管Striated duct胰岛pancreat icislet泡心细胞centroac inarcell肝小叶hepatic lobule胆小管bile canalicu lus肝血窦hepatic sinusoid贮脂细胞Fat-storing cell食管狭窄Esophagu s stenosis食管闭锁Esophagu satresia生理性脐疝Physiolo gical umbilica l hernia消化管狭窄Digestiv e tract stenosis消化管闭锁Digestiv e tract atresia先天脐疝al umbilica l hernia卵黄蒂瘘（脐粪瘘）Viteline fistula( umbilica l fistula) 回肠憩室（Meckel憩室）Meckel divertic ulum不通肛imperfor ate anus先天巨结肠Congenic al megacolo n胆道闭锁Hepatic biliary atresia机械消化Mechanic al digestio n化学消化Chemical digestio n慢波Slow waves基本电节律basal electric al rhythm,B ERCajal 细胞intersti tial cells of Cajal (ICC)蠕动Propulsi ve peristal sis逆蠕动Reverse peristal sis (antipro pulsion集团运动Mass movement s分节运动Nonpropu lsive segmenta tion袋状运动Haustrat ion移行性复合运动Migratin g motor complex袋状往返运动haustral shuttlin g头相刺激Cephalic phase胃相刺激Gastric phase肠相刺激Intestin al phase胺前体摄取和脱羧细胞APUD(ami ne precurso r uptake and decarbox ylation) cells吞咽困难Dysphagi a容受性扩张receptiv e relaxati on紧张性收缩T onic contract ions刷边酶Brush border enzymes胃肠激素gastroin testinal hormone旁分泌paracrin e神经内分泌neurocri ne管腔分泌solinocr ine自分泌autocrin e营养作用tropic action咀嚼masticat ion餐后碱潮postpran dial alkaline tide黏液-碳酸氢盐屏障mucus-bicarbon ate barrier适应性细胞保护作用adaptive cytoprot ection呕吐vomiting血糖指数glycemic index，GI生物转化作用Biotrans formatio n肝功能衰竭hepatic failure胃炎Gastriti s消化性溃疡Chronic peptic ulcer病毒性肝炎Viral hepatiti s点状坏死spotty necrosis碎片状坏死Piecemea l necrosis桥接坏死bridging necrosis毛玻璃样肝细胞grounded hepetocy te酒精性肝病Alcoholi c liver disease肝硬化cirrhosis假小叶pseudolo bule门脉性肝硬变portal cirrhosi s黄疸jaundice坏死后性肝硬变postnecr otic cirrhosi s胆汁性肝硬变biliary crirrhos is胃癌carcinom a of stomach早期胃癌early gastric carcinom a革囊胃linitis plastica食管癌carcinom a of esophagu s溃疡性结肠炎Ulcerati vecolitis ， UC腹痛Abdomina l Pain呕血黑便Hemateme sis and Hematoch ezia 腹泻Diarrhea内脏痛Visceral pain躯体痛Somatic pain牵涉痛Referred pain呕血Hemateme sis黑便Melena便血Hematoch ezia粪便隐血occultblood溶血性黄疸Hemolyti c Jaundice肝性黄疸Hepatic Jaundice梗阻性黄疸Obstruct ive Jaundice (Cholest asis)先天性黄疸Congenit al Jaundice两侧肋弓下缘连线the lowest border of the costal margin 两侧髂前上棘连线the anterior superior iliac spine腹部平坦Abdomina l flatness腹部饱满abdomina l fullness腹部低平abdomina l lowness腹部膨隆abdomina l protuber ance (bulge)腹部凹陷Abdomina l concavit y/ retracti on腹腔积液Peritone al fluid腹腔积气Peritone al air全腹凹陷overall abdomina lretracti on舟状腹Scaphoid abdomenCullen征Cullen signGrey-Turner征Grey-Turner sign腹壁静脉曲张abdomina l wall varicosi s肠鸣音bowel sound腹水检测ascites移动性浊音shifting dullness液波震颤fluid wave肘膝卧位水坑实验elbow-knee position ( puddle test)巨大卵巢囊肿Huge ovarian cyst尺压实验Ruler pressing test反跳痛rebound tenderne ss板状腹Board-like rigidity液波震颤Fluid wave thrill西米替丁cimetidi ne雷尼替丁ranitidi ne奥美拉唑omeprazo le硫糖铝sucralfa te5-氨基水杨酸5-aminosal icylic acid 水飞蓟素silymari n熊去氧胆酸ursodeso xycholic acid 奥曲肽octreoti de。
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说明一下：背后长长的那部分是该词汇的英文解释，大家千万不要吓坏了。
这周的词汇就从周三开始，我们把它具体成了每一天的量。
希望大家每天坚持下去哦！周三词汇：aliment/o: food, nutrient•alimentation: process of giving or taking nourishment. 养料,营养品•alimentary: pertaining to food. 营养的,饮食的•hyperalimentation: hyper- excessive, hence excessive amount of food. 营养的,饮食的appendic/o: appendix 阑尾•appendectomy: ectomy excision, hence removal of the appendix.阑尾切除术•appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix. 阑尾炎•appendical: pertaining to the appendix 阑尾的auto-: self, own•autodigestion: digestion of oneself. 自身消化,自溶作用,自身溶解•autoinfection: infection from oneself. 自身感染,内源性感染•autopsy: -opsy process of viewing; hence the examination of a dead body with one’s own eyes. 尸体解剖,尸检bil/i: gall, bile 胆汁•bilirubin: bile pigment. 胆红素•biliary: pertaining to bile or bile ducts. 胆汁的, 胆的•biliation: the production and excretion of bile. 胆汁分泌bucc/o: cheek 颊•buccal: pertaining to the cheek. 颊的, 口的, 口腔的•bucca: cheek 口,颊•buccopulpal: pertaining to cheek and pulp. 颊髓的,颊与牙髓的cec/o: cecum盲肠•cecorrhaphy: -rrhaphy suture, hence surgical repair of the cecum.盲肠缝合术•cecopexy: -pexy fixation, hence fixation of the cecum.盲肠固定术•cecocolic: col/o colon, hence pertaining to the cecum and colon.盲(肠)结肠的chol/e, chol/o: gall, bile•cholelithiasis: lith/o stone; -iasis disease condition, hence the condition of having stones in the gall bladder. 胆石病•cholestasis: -stasis stopping, hence stoppage of the flow of bile. 胆汁郁积, 胆汁阻塞•cholemesis: -emesis vomiting, hence vomiting of bile. 呕胆周四词汇：cholecyst/o: gallbladder胆囊•cholecystectomy: excision of the gallbladder. 胆囊切除术•cholecystitis: inflammation of the gallbladder. 胆囊炎•cholecystic: pertaining to the gallbladder. 胆囊的cis/o: to cut•incision: in- into; -ion process, hence the process of cutting in.切开,切口,断口•incisor: one of four front teeth in the dental arch.切牙•excision: ex- out, hence the process of cutting out.切除,切除col/o, colon/o: colon•colonopathy: diseased condition of the colon. 结肠病•colonoscope: a viewing instrument to examine the colon. 结肠镜•colostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body, hence from the colon to the outside of the body. 结肠造口术dent/o, dent/i: tooth•dentition: the teeth in the dental arch. 齿系, 齿列•lobiodental: lobi/o lip, hence pertaining to the lip and the teeth. 唇齿的•dentifrice: fricare to rub, hence substance used to clean the teeth. 洁牙剂diverticul/o: things that turn aside憩室•diverticulum: abnormal side-pocket in the intestine wall. (复diverticula) 憩室•diverticulitis: inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches) in the intestine wall, especially in the colon.憩室炎•diverticulosis: the presence of the diverticula.憩室病duoden/o: duodenum十二指肠•duodenectomy: excision of the duodenum. 十二指肠切除术•gastroduodenal: pertaining to stomach and duodenum. 胃十二指肠的•duodenitis: inflammation of the duodenum. 十二指肠炎enter/o: intestine•enteropathy: disease of the intestine. 肠病•enterocolitis: inflammation of the small intestine and colon.小肠结肠炎•gastroenterologist: specialist in alimentary tract disorders.胃肠病学家周五词汇：gingiv/o: gums 龈•gingivae: gums 龈•gingivitis: inflammation of the gums.龈炎•gingivectomy: excision of the gums. 龈切除术ile/o: ileum回肠•ileocecal: cec/o cecum(盲肠), hence pertaining to the ileum and cecum.回盲肠的•ileostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•ileitis: inflammation of the ileum.回肠炎jejun/o: jejunum空肠•gastrojejunostomy: surgical connection or opening between the stomach and jejunum.胃空肠吻合术•jejunoileal: pertaining to the jejunum and ileum. 空肠回肠的•jejunotomy: incision of the jejunum. 空肠切开术lingu/o: tongue舌•lingual: pertaining to the tongue.舌的•sublingual: sub- under, hence pertaining to something that is under the tongue. 舌下的•linguodental: pertaining to the tongue and tooth. 舌牙的-megaly: enlargement增大•splenomegaly: splen/o the spleen, hence enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver. 肝肿大•cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart. 心肥大micro-: small小•microscope: an apparatus used to magnify small objects. 显微镜•microscopic: pertaining to extremely small size.显微镜(下)的,微观的•micronodular: pertaining to small nodules.小结节的nas/o: nose鼻子•nasal: pertaining to the nose.鼻的•nasogastic: pertaining to the nose and stomach. 鼻胃的•nasopalatine: pertaining to the nose and palate. 鼻腭的周六词汇：or/o: mouth口•oropharynx: the area of the throat at the back of the mouth. 口咽的•oral: pertaining to the mouth. 口腔的•oralogy: study of the mouth.口腔学(stomatology口腔医学,牙医学)pancreat/o: pancreas胰腺\胰脏•pancreatic: pertaining to the pancreas.胰脏的•pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas.胰腺炎•pancreatin: one of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice. 胰液素pharyng/o: pharynx 咽•pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx.咽炎•pharyngonasal: pertaining to the nose and the pharynx. 咽鼻的(nasopharyngeal 鼻咽的)•pharyngoxerosis: -xer/o dry, hence dryness of the pharynx. 咽干燥proct/o: rectum直肠•proctology: study of disease of the rectum.直肠病学•proctoscope: instrument to visually examine the rectum.直肠镜•proctopexy: -pexy fix, fasten, hence fix the rectum. 直肠固定术sial/o: saliva唾液,涎•sialorrhea: -rrhea flow, discharge, hence excessive secretion of saliva. 流涎•sialolith: lith/o stone, hence salivary stone.涎石•salivary: pertaining to saliva.唾液的,涎的sigmoid/o: sigmoid colon乙状结肠•sigmoidoscopy: -scopy visual examination, hence visual examination of the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠镜检查(术)•sigmoiditis: inflammation of the sigmoid乙状结肠炎•sigmoidotomy: surgical incision into the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠切开术splen/o: spleen脾•splenomegaly: enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•splenectomy: surgical removal of the spleen. 脾切除术•splenic: pertaining to the spleen. 脾的周日词汇：-stomy: surgical opening造口术•ileostomy: surgical opening from the ileum to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•colostomy: surgical opening from the large intestine to the outside of the body.结肠造口术•coloproctostomy: proct/o anus and rectum, hence surgical connection or opening between the colon and rectum. 结肠直肠吻合术•tracheostomy: surgical opening from the trachea to the outside of the body.气管造口术•salpingostomy 输卵管造口术•gastrostomy 胃造口术•dacryocystostomy 泪囊造口术sub-: below, under下•sublingual: under the tongue. 舌下的•submandibular: mandibul/o lower jaw, hence under the lower jaw.下颌下的•subacid: moderately acid or sour. 微酸的,有点酸的。