第二章基本交际理论
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 1、Components of communication 、 – sender、 、 – encoding、 、 – message、 、 – channel、 channel、 – noise、 、 – receiver、 、 – decoding、 、 – feedback
四 1、Components of communication
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ：5Ws ）
who Say what In which channel To whom And with what effect A sender Directs a Message Through some Medium To a Receiver With some Effect
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （3）Contextualized Model ） • This model adds the dimension of situation or surroundings. Context always affects the act of communication. • Context refers to the idea that every act of communication must happen in some sort of surroundings.
– the linear, – the circular, – and the contextualized models
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ）
Sender Message Channel Receiver Effect
Intercultural Communication
一、Communication Defined
• Communication is a form of human behavior derived from a need to connect and interact with other human beings. • Communication can simply refer to the act and process of sending and receiving messages among people.
2、Functions of Communication
• • • • （1）Practical function ） （2）Social function ） （3）Decision making function ） （4）Personal growth function ）
三、The Classification of Communication
三、The Classification of Communication
Communication Non-social～ ～ Intra-personal～ ～ Interpersonal～ ～ Social～ ～ Organizational～ ～ Mass～ ～
四、The Process of Communication
三、The Classification of Communication
• (三) In other words, under human communication, we have non-social and social communication; intra-personal is non-social communication while social communication includes interpersonal, organization and mass communication.
五、The Characteristics of Communication
• 1、Communication is Dynamic 、 Communication is an ongoing, ever changing activity. • 2、Communication is Irreversible 、 The words are spoken, and they cannot be unspoken. • 3、Communication is Symbolic 、 The symbols you use are discretionary and subjective. • 4、Communication is Systemic 、 Communication does not occur in isolation or in a vacuum, but rather is part of a larger system.
四1、Components of communication
• noise：Noise refers to the disturbances along the ： communication processes, which may result in unintended message perceived by the receiver. • feedback：Feedback refers to the reaction from ： the message receiver to message sender. • encoding：Encoding refers to the process of the ： sender putting the message into a signal (the encoded message) . • decoding：Decoding refers to the process of the ： receiver interpreting the signal from the sender.
• sender：A sender refers to the person who sends ： the message. • receiver：A receiver is the one who receives the ： message. The role of sender and receiver is always changing. • message：A message——verbal or nonverbal—— ： carries ideas from one person to another. • Channel/Medium：Channel refers to the ways for ： sending and receiving messages.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
二、Needs and Functions of Communication
• 1、Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 、
• While Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a useful tool, caution should be exercised in employing it in an intercultural setting. • The hierarchy is a theory based on Western behavior and has not been proven applicable to non-Western or developing countries.
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （2）Circular Model ）
message Encoder decoder message Osgood-Schramm’s Circular Model Decoder encoder
• (一)In terms of who communicate with whom, whether it being human, animals or machines, we may have the following classification: • 1、Human communication • 2、Animal communication • 3、Human-animal communication • 4、Human-machine communication • 5、Machine-to-machine communication
Lasswell’s 5-W Linear Model
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ） I say “I like you” to my wife, I (sender) may put into words (encoding) my feelings that “I like you!” (message) and speak the words (channel) in the hope that they will be suitably understood (decoding) by my wife (receiver).
二、Needs and Functions of Communication
• 1、Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 、
• Abraham Maslow is American psychologist, a leader in the school of humanistic psychology. • Maslow is best-known for his theory of human motivation. • His influential works include Motivation and Personality(1954) and Toward a Psychology of Being(1964).
Noise
四 1、Components of communication
• Case about Components of communication
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • three Models of communication :
Sender’s Field of Experience
Receiver’s Field of Experience
Source
Encoding
Channel Message
Decoding
Receiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้er
Fe
context
Components of Communication
Resp onse
ack edb
三、The Classification of Communication
• (二) There is another type of classification of human communication, depending on the number of persons involved in communication: • (1) Intrapersonal communication • (2) Interpersonal communication • (3)Organizational communication • (4)Mass communication
四 1、Components of communication
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ：5Ws ）
who Say what In which channel To whom And with what effect A sender Directs a Message Through some Medium To a Receiver With some Effect
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （3）Contextualized Model ） • This model adds the dimension of situation or surroundings. Context always affects the act of communication. • Context refers to the idea that every act of communication must happen in some sort of surroundings.
– the linear, – the circular, – and the contextualized models
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ）
Sender Message Channel Receiver Effect
Intercultural Communication
一、Communication Defined
• Communication is a form of human behavior derived from a need to connect and interact with other human beings. • Communication can simply refer to the act and process of sending and receiving messages among people.
2、Functions of Communication
• • • • （1）Practical function ） （2）Social function ） （3）Decision making function ） （4）Personal growth function ）
三、The Classification of Communication
三、The Classification of Communication
Communication Non-social～ ～ Intra-personal～ ～ Interpersonal～ ～ Social～ ～ Organizational～ ～ Mass～ ～
四、The Process of Communication
三、The Classification of Communication
• (三) In other words, under human communication, we have non-social and social communication; intra-personal is non-social communication while social communication includes interpersonal, organization and mass communication.
五、The Characteristics of Communication
• 1、Communication is Dynamic 、 Communication is an ongoing, ever changing activity. • 2、Communication is Irreversible 、 The words are spoken, and they cannot be unspoken. • 3、Communication is Symbolic 、 The symbols you use are discretionary and subjective. • 4、Communication is Systemic 、 Communication does not occur in isolation or in a vacuum, but rather is part of a larger system.
四1、Components of communication
• noise：Noise refers to the disturbances along the ： communication processes, which may result in unintended message perceived by the receiver. • feedback：Feedback refers to the reaction from ： the message receiver to message sender. • encoding：Encoding refers to the process of the ： sender putting the message into a signal (the encoded message) . • decoding：Decoding refers to the process of the ： receiver interpreting the signal from the sender.
• sender：A sender refers to the person who sends ： the message. • receiver：A receiver is the one who receives the ： message. The role of sender and receiver is always changing. • message：A message——verbal or nonverbal—— ： carries ideas from one person to another. • Channel/Medium：Channel refers to the ways for ： sending and receiving messages.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
二、Needs and Functions of Communication
• 1、Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 、
• While Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a useful tool, caution should be exercised in employing it in an intercultural setting. • The hierarchy is a theory based on Western behavior and has not been proven applicable to non-Western or developing countries.
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （2）Circular Model ）
message Encoder decoder message Osgood-Schramm’s Circular Model Decoder encoder
• (一)In terms of who communicate with whom, whether it being human, animals or machines, we may have the following classification: • 1、Human communication • 2、Animal communication • 3、Human-animal communication • 4、Human-machine communication • 5、Machine-to-machine communication
Lasswell’s 5-W Linear Model
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • （1）Linear Model ） I say “I like you” to my wife, I (sender) may put into words (encoding) my feelings that “I like you!” (message) and speak the words (channel) in the hope that they will be suitably understood (decoding) by my wife (receiver).
二、Needs and Functions of Communication
• 1、Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 、
• Abraham Maslow is American psychologist, a leader in the school of humanistic psychology. • Maslow is best-known for his theory of human motivation. • His influential works include Motivation and Personality(1954) and Toward a Psychology of Being(1964).
Noise
四 1、Components of communication
• Case about Components of communication
四、The Process of Communication
• 2、Models of communication 、 • three Models of communication :
Sender’s Field of Experience
Receiver’s Field of Experience
Source
Encoding
Channel Message
Decoding
Receiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้er
Fe
context
Components of Communication
Resp onse
ack edb
三、The Classification of Communication
• (二) There is another type of classification of human communication, depending on the number of persons involved in communication: • (1) Intrapersonal communication • (2) Interpersonal communication • (3)Organizational communication • (4)Mass communication