当归四逆汤的应用和实验研究进展王国明

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[收稿日期]2011-09-15

当归四逆汤的应用和实验研究进展

王国明1,张永健2

(1.沧州医学高等专科学校,河北沧州061001;2.河北医科大学,河北石家庄050000)

[关键词]当归四逆汤;临床应用;实验研究

[中图分类号]R0944.61[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1008-8849(2012)13-1479-04

当归四逆汤出自张仲景《伤寒论》,原方由当归三两,桂枝三两(去皮),芍药三两,细辛三两,甘草二两(炙),通草二两,大枣二十五个(擘,一法十二个)组成。该方原治厥阴伤寒,为素体血虚、寒凝经脉所致之证而设。名医陈元首肯此方,认为只要符合血虚寒凝的病因病机,皆可投用此方。临证运用常以肢冷、懒言、舌淡、脉沉细等为辨证要点。该方虽已逾千年,但由于其组方严谨、配伍精良、功效卓越等特点,在临床上应用甚为广泛。

1临床应用

1.1内科疾病

1.1.1消化性溃疡该病在中医虽属“胃脘痛”范畴,赵远红[1]认为消化性溃疡的脉相与当归四逆汤主证脉候相近,方以当归四逆汤加味治疗消化道溃疡138例,另设对照组102例口服雷尼替丁、阿莫西林、果胶铋胶囊。结果2组患者疗效有显著性意义,治疗组优于对照组。1.1.2肺心病属于中医“肺胀”、“心悸”范畴。赵晓薇[2]认为本病属本虚标实之症,本虚为肺、脾、肾三脏俱虚,继则影响到心,故在治疗上,选用当归四逆汤及泻肺平喘的葶苈大枣泻肺汤,结果疗效显著。

1.1.3糖尿病神经病变赵丹[3]认为该病主要病因病机为阴损及阳,阳虚寒凝,瘀阻脉络,不通则痛,脉滞则肢体失养。予当归四逆汤辨证加减治之,30例患者中显效11例,有效16例,无效3例,总有效率90%。

1.1.4多发性神经炎临床表现多以四肢远端对称性分布的感觉、运动和营养障碍为主,属中医“麻木”、“赓证”的范畴。赵新爱等[4]以当归四逆汤加味治疗多发性神经炎36例,结果总有效率达91.7%。王莉等[5]亦有相似报道。

1.1.5胸痹该证是以胸部窒息疼痛为主症的一种疾病,其基本病机是本虚标实。杨传印[6]认为本虚为气血阴阳亏损,标实为痰浊瘀血阻滞。其应用当归四逆汤治疗寒凝心脉型冠

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