英语专业八级翻译练习题
专业英语八级(翻译)-试卷100
专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷100(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 TRANSLATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART IV TRANSLATION（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.夜色中看这堵围墙，十分奇妙，颇有点诗意。
白墙、黑瓦、宝蓝色的漏窗泛出晶莹的光辉，里面的灯光从漏窗中透出来，那光线也变得绿莹莹的。
清风吹来，树枝摇曳，灯光闪烁变幻，好像有一个童话般的世界深藏在围墙的里面。
抬起头来从墙顶上往里看，可以看到主建筑的黑色屋顶翘在夜空里，围墙也变得不像墙了，它带着和主建筑相似的风格进入了整体结构。
附近的马路也变样了，好像是到了什么风景区或文化宫的入口。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Seen dimly through the moonlight, the boundary wall looked enchanting and full of poetry. The white wall, black tiles and sapphire windows were all suffused with sparkling brilliance while the light that filtered out through the patterned blocks was transformed to a shining emerald green. A light breeze blew, swaying the tree branches and making the rays of light glimmer and dance as if a fairytale world were hidden deep within. Above the wall one could see the black roof of the building inside jutting into the night air, so that the wall suddenly seemed to transform, melting into the main building whose style it matched to perfection. The nearby road seemed to have changed too, as if it were the entrance to a scenic area or a cultural palace.) 解析：解析：1．本段为描写文，采用一般过去时或一般现在时为总体时态均可，但必须注意整个段落的时态要一致。
专业英语八级(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1．“流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
“子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫。
”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有惜阴的紧迫感。
流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。
正确答案：They realized either the flowing stream or mighty rivers are gone forever. They found that as time passed by, youngsters would become old and the green grass wither in almost a blink of an eye. A sense of urgency naturally arose over the elusiveness of time. Time might flow slowly, but no matter how slowly time flowed, the very fear of its transiency compelled people to use the word “passage” to warn the new generations of the necessity of taking prompt action; thus instilling the word with a sense of tension.解析：背景介绍文章选自当代著名作家韩少功1996年出版的《马桥词典》。
这是一部长篇小说，但以词条为引子，讲述了古往今来引人入胜的故事，更像是一部百科全书。
专业英语八级历年翻译真题试题及答案
专业英语八级历年翻译真题试题及答案一、问答题（共10题，共100分）1.汉译英;但是正如其他许多已经发生过的事情一样，当他们最终结婚后，发现最憧憬的生活变得再实际不过了。
他们非但没有分担各自原先的责任--- 正如那些学生们所说 " 一半一半 " ，相反却发现生活的重担加倍了。
这使得我们那两个结婚的朋友时常觉得沮丧;他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活而是仍实实在在地生活在地球上，而且成为了新规则和新约束的奴隶。
生活并没有比以前更自由、更幸福，因为他们要去承担新的责任。
既然成立了一个新的家庭，那就无论如何也要尽一点家庭的义务。
他们深情地回想起订婚的那段时光，曾经如此地渴望拥有彼此而忘掉这个世界，然而现在最深切的感受却是自己仍是这个世界的一份子。
2.汉译英;我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
今天没有手机的人是奇怪的，这种人才需要解释。
我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。
古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝。
3.汉译英：流逝，表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
“子在川上曰，逝者如斯夫。
”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。
流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。
4.汉译英：茶花(camellia)的自然花期在 12 月至翌年 4 月，以红色系为主，另有黄色系和白色系等，花色艳丽。
本届花展充分展示了茶花的品种资源和科研水平，是近三年来本市规模最大的一届茶花展。
为了使广大植物爱好者有更多与茶花亲密接触的机会，本届茶花展的布展范围延伸至整个园区，为赏花游客带来便利。
此次茶花展历时2个月，展期内 200 多个茶花品种将陆续亮相。
5.汉译英：生活就像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从其中品出无穷无尽的美妙。
将它握在手中仔细观察，它的暗红色中有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。
英语专业八级翻译真题(1998年
TEM-8 翻译部分英语专业八级翻译真题（1998年——2007年）第一部分汉译英Passage 1.( 1998年)1997年2月24日我们代表下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。
我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周群峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。
望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深国统一大业的早日完成。
世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战把青年推到了历史的前台。
跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……Passage 2.( 1999年)加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。
以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。
经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。
温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。
加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。
吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。
可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。
温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。
现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。
而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。
他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。
Passage 3.( 2000年)中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。
专业英语八级翻译-4
专业英语八级翻译-4(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}TRANSLATION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.{{U}}在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。
人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。
这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。
开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。
吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。
愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。
于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。
这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糖甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。
{{/U}}第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧。
（分数：15.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(We should not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. It's just like the experience of dining in a restaurant. The appetizers or cold dishes will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. However, the more you have, the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently, your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What accounts for all this is, in the first place, you are hungry when you start to eat. And when you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; however, when you are full, even the boney is tasteless.)解析：[解析] 1．人际关系问题：不宜译为interpersonal relationships problems，此处的“问题”指的是这个方面的话题，故可省略不译。
专业英语八级(翻译)-试卷105
专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷105(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 TRANSLATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART IV TRANSLATION（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.二十岁的时候，我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去，一说话就脸红。
三十岁的我穿着名牌套装，坐在办公桌前，满脸冷酷地对下属说：“这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问?也不先打个草稿”。
二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋对象，听说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怆然泪下。
三十岁之后，到处打听哪里可以花钱买个MBA。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the inclination to make an utterance. At the age of thirty, I, wearing a famous-brand suit and a cold look, reproach my subordinate bluntly, "How can you go so far as to raise such a silly, mindless question?" At the age of twenty, during the summer holiday I ran into the young man whom I loved in private in the street of my hometown. Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow, believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks. After thirty, I busy myself here and there, inquiring where I could buy an MBA diploma.) 解析：解析：1．本文讲述了作者二十岁和三十岁的区别和转变，叙事性质强，总体时态宜用一般过去时。
专业英语八级翻译-试卷89_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷89(总分52, 做题时间90分钟)4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1.(入学，要交十元的保证金。
这是一笔巨款!)母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：For about two weeks, Mother suffered much and finally managed to raise the money, and then she sent me off to school with tears in her eyes.解析：“作了半个月的难”中的“作难”既有“费了很大劲去做……”，也暗含“为难”之义，故可译成suffer much或用struggle to do sth．的句型，体现出母亲筹钱的艰难。
2.手机刷新了人与人的关系。
SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：Mobile phones have renewed the interpersonal relationships.解析：“刷新”此处实际上是“更新，换成新的”，故应译作renew或refresh；甚至可将语义更宽泛化，译为alter或是change。
此处不可按字面义译为refurbish“重新装饰”或是renovate“修复”或whitewash“粉刷”。
因为“人与人的关系”实指“人际关系”，应译为interpersonal relationships，而不应按字面译为people'srelations或relationship among human beings。
3.得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家横行霸道，……SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该问题分值: 2答案:正确答案：Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family.解析：“横行霸道”一词的一般含义是“任意欺凌他人”之义，但是本例是以孩子的口气写的，因此限定了该词的具体含义是“为所欲为，想干什么就干什么”，主要反映了孩子的“稚气”和“顽皮”，因此没有任何“霸气”，可译为be so arrogant，be so aggressive或played my important role。
英语专八翻译汉译英练习
英语专八翻译汉译英冲刺练习：进取的幸福原文：正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。
一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。
对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。
虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于琐事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。
只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。
真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希冀，而并非拥有。
译文：We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.英语专八翻译汉译英练习：渴望原文：渴望是永远的乐趣，一笔如地产般真实稳固的财富，用之不尽，取之不竭。
每年我们都会因为拥有渴望而充满活力。
一个人如有许多希望，精神便会富足。
人生只不过是一场单调乏味且编导拙劣的戏，除非我们对这戏有些兴趣;对于既没有艺术细胞也没有科学细胞的人来说，这个世界只不过是各种颜色的堆积，或者是一条崎岖小路，一不小心就会摔伤小腿。
英语专业八级考试翻译练习(共10篇,附答案)
英语专业八级考试翻译练习（共10篇，附答案）英语专业八级考试翻译练习（1）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESETranslate the following underlined text into Chinese.I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured---the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it isharder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups ---when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities ---the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.英语专业八级考试翻译练习（2）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
英语专业八级考试翻译题2
英语专业八级考试翻译题2①Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. ②But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society's power of choice. ③We can choose to make opera,and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it.④The question is: why should we? ⑤Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education.⑥But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. ⑦The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is f undamental. ⑧In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. ⑨These masterpieces are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound message that can be sent from one human to another.参考译文欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈的享受，你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
英语专业八级翻译真题(1998年
TEM-8 翻译部分英语专业八级翻译真题（1998年——2007年）第一部分汉译英Passage 1.( 1998年)1997年2月24日我们代表下榻日月潭中信大饭店,送走了最后一批客人,已是次日凌晨3点了.我躺在床上久久不能入睡,披衣走到窗前,往外看去,只见四周群峦叠翠,湖面波光粼粼.望着台湾这仅有地景色如画地天然湖泊,我想了许多,许多……这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论地一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪地强盛.虽然祖国大陆.台湾地青年生活在不同地社会环境中,有着各自不同地生活经历,但大家地内心都深国统一大业地早日完成.世纪之交地宝贵机遇和巨大挑战把青年推到了历史地前台.跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样地姿态迎接充满希望地新世纪,这是我们必须回答地问题.日月潭水波不兴,仿佛与我一同在思索……Passage 2.( 1999年)加拿大地温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日,但城市地发展令世界瞩目.以港立市,以港兴市,是许多港口城市生存发展地道路.经过百年开发建设,有着天然不冻良港地温哥华,成为举世闻名地港口城市,同亚洲.大洋洲.欧洲.拉丁美洲均有定期班轮,年货物吞吐量达到8,000万吨,全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业.温哥华（Vancouver）地辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋地结晶,其中包括多民族地贡献.加拿大地广人稀,国土面积比中国还大,人口却不足3000万.吸收外来移民,是加拿大长期奉行地国策.可以说,加拿大除了印第安人外,无一不是外来移民,不同地只是时间长短而已.温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数地多民族城市.现今180万温哥华居民中,有一半不是在本地出生地,每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人.而25万华人对温哥华地经济转型起着决定性地作用.他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区地,使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大地中国人聚居地.Passage 3.( 2000年)中国科技馆地诞生来之不易.与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足, 后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长地步伐却是坚实而有力地.它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀 .世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石.标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物地演化历史.第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示地是工业文明带来地各种阶段性结果 .这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识地作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动地旁观者 .世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念地博物馆.在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察.这样,他们可以更贴近先进地科学技术,去探索科学技术地奥妙.中国科技馆正是这样地博物馆.它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆地长处,设计制作了力学.光学.电学.热学.声学.生物学等展品,展示了科学地原理和先进地科技成果.Passage 4.( 2001年)乔羽地歌大家都熟悉.但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知,那就是钓鱼和喝酒.晚年地乔羽喜爱垂钓,他说：“有水有鱼地地方大都是有好环境地,好环境便会给人好心情.我认为最好地钓鱼场所不是舒适地.给你准备好饿鱼地垂钓园,而是那极其有吸引力地大自然野外天成地场所.”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情地运动,有益于身心健康.乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣,面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边,使自己地身心得到充分休息.”Passage 5.( 2002年)大自然对人地恩赐, 无论贫富, 一律平等.所以人们对于大自然,全部一致并深深地依赖着.尤其在乡间, 上千年来人们一直以不变地方式生活着.种植庄稼和葡萄, 酿酒和饮酒, 喂牛和挤奶, 锄草和栽花; 在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜, 在节日到广场拉琴.跳舞和唱歌.往日地田园依旧是今日地温馨家园.这样, 每个地方都有自己地传说, 风俗也就衍传了下来.Passage 6 ( 2003年)得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,我顿觉打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来. 一个春天地傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢.我在山坡地小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片繁华,自己地哥姐,堂表弟兄,也穿插其间,个个喜气洋洋.一霎时,一阵被人摈弃,为世所遗地悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来.Passage7 ( 2004年)在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义.人是很有趣地,往往在接触一个人时首先看到地都是他或她地优点.这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐地经验.开始吃头盘或冷碟地时候,印象很好.吃头两个主菜时,也是赞不绝口.愈吃愈趋于冷静,吃完了这顿宴席,缺点就都找出来了.于是转喜为怒,转赞美为责备挑剔,转首肯为摇头.这是因为,第一,开始吃地时候你正处于饥饿状态,而饿了吃糠甜如蜜,饱了吃蜜也不甜.第二,你初到一个餐馆,开始举筷时有新鲜感,新盖地茅房三天香,这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧.Passage8 ( 2005年)一个人地生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对地标准当然很困难；但是,大体上看一个人对待生命地态度是否严肃认真,看他对待劳动.工作.生活等等地态度如何,也就不难对这个人地存在意义做出适当地估计了.古来一切有成就地人,都很严肃地对待自己地生命,当他活着一天,总要尽量多劳动.多工作.多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉.我国历代地劳动人民及大政治家.大思想家等等都莫不如此.Passage9 ( 2006年)中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切,在哲学文艺方面地表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当地地位,而非绝对统治万物地主宰.因此我们地苦闷,基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷地强弱原是随欲望与野心地大小而转移地.农业社会地人比工业社会地人享受差得多；因此欲望也小得多.况中国古代素来以不滞于物,不为物役为最主要地人生哲学.并非我们没有守财奴,但比起莫利哀与巴尔扎克笔下地守财奴与野心家来,就小巫见大巫了.中国民族多数是性情中正和平.淡泊.朴实.比西方人容易满足.Passage10 ( 2007年)暮色中,河湾里落满云霞,与天际地颜色混合一起,分不清哪是流云哪是水湾.也就在这一幅绚烂地图画旁边,在河湾之畔,一群羊正在低头觅食.它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,看一眼这美丽地黄昏.也许它们要抓紧时间,在即将回家地最后一刻再次咀嚼.这是黄河滩上地一幕.牧羊人不见了,他不知在何处歇息.只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏.这儿水草肥美,让它们长得肥滚滚地.如果走近了,你会发现它们洁白地牙齿,以及那丰富而单纯地表情.Passage11 ( 2008年)都市寸土千金,地价炒得越来越高,今后将更高.拥有一个小小花园地希望,对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望,一种梦想.我想,其实谁都有一个小小花园,这便是我们地内心世界.人地智力需要开发,人地内心世界也是需要开发地.人和动物地区别,除了众所周知地诸多方面,恐怕还在于人有内心世界.心不过是人地一个重要脏器,而内心世界是一种景观,它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成地.每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏地渐损,以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日.但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人地内心世界地阴晴.Passage12 ( 2009年)我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机.今天没有手机地人是奇怪地,这种人才需要解释.我们地所有社会关系都储存在手机地电话本里,可以随时调出使用.古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝.手机刷新了人与人地关系.会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机.可是会议室里地手机铃声仍然响成一片.我们都是普通人,并没有多少重要地事情.尽管如此,我们也不会轻易关掉手机.打开手机象征我们与这个世界地联系.手机反映出我们地“社交饥渴症”.最为常见地是,一个人走着走着突然停下来,眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信.他不在乎停在马路中央还是厨所旁边.为什么对于手机来电和短信这么在乎？因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系. .Passage13 ( 2010年)朋友关系地存续是以相互尊重为前提地,容不得半点强求.干涉和控制.朋友之间,情趣相投.脾气对味则合.则交；反之,则离.则绝.朋友之间再熟悉.再亲密,也不能随便过头.不恭不敬.不然,默契和平衡将被打破,友好关系将不复存在.每个人都希望拥有自己地私密空间,朋友之间过于随便,就容易侵入这片禁区,从而引起冲突,造成隔阂.待友不敬,或许只是一件小事,却可能已埋下了破坏性地种子.维持朋友亲密关系地最好办法是往来有节,互不干涉.第二部分英译汉Passage 1.( 1998年)I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not preeminent — e. g. in painting and music — they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an "English tradition" after all.To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture,the same style in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own —and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.Passage 2.( 1999年)In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society butthey have been and are powerful indeed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family —they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension.Passage 3.( 2000年)If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely death”, they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years layahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken.History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of MariLyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.Passage 4.( 2001年)Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation,but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort aswould keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that itpurports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.Passage 5.( 2002年)The word "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makessomeone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don t pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.Winners do not play "helpless", nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.Passage 6 ( 2003年)In his classic novel, “The Pioneers”, James FenimoreCooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. “Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?” she asks. He’s astonished she can’t see them. “Where! Why everywhere,” he replies. For thought they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being.”Passage7 ( 2004年)For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sunrise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to writea few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness.I’m lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty ad need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person.It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the worlds falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood.Passage8 ( 2005年)It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet fewpeople ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.Passage9 ( 2006年)On May 13, 1940, newly appointed British Prime Minister Winston Churchill gave his first speech to the British Parliament in which he prepares them for the long battle againstNazi aggression, at a time when the very survival of England was in doubt.“… I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs - Victory in spite of all terrors - Victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, ‘Come then, let us go forward together with our unitedstrength’."Passage10 ( 2007年)Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more crazy, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.Passage 11 ( 2008年)But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.Passage12 ( 2009年)We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency - a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst - though notall - of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.However, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: "They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent."So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.Passage13 ( 2010年)I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May, that it was Easter Sunday, and as yet very early in the morning. I was standing at the door of my own cottage. Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual, and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at个人收集整理资料，仅供交流学习，勿作商业用途their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; and no living creature was to be seen except that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had tenderly loved, just as I had really seen them, a little before sunrise in the same summer, when that child died.267。
专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷110(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷110(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1．不爱红装爱武装。
正确答案：To face the powder and not to power the face.解析：原文的“红装”和“武装”是一个对称的结构，且均用了“提喻”的修辞手法。
译文匠心独运地用了face the powder和powder the face，也是一个提喻的用法，这译文可谓巧妙之极。
知识模块：翻译2．科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。
古老的中国，曾在世界科技史上占有重要地位。
今天的中国人民，不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果，也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。
科技奥运将反映科技最新进展，集成全国科技创新成果，推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会；提高北京科技创新能力，推进高新技术成果的产业化及其在人民生活中的广泛应用，使北京奥运会成为展示高新技术成果和创新实力的窗口。
正确答案：Science and technology empowers the progress of human civilization. Ancient China held an important place in the history of world’s scientific and technological development. Today, while sharing the technological accomplishments with the rest of the world, the Chinese people are making their contribution to the advancement of the world’s science and technology in all fields. The “Technology Olympics”—2008 Beijing Olympics—will showcase the latest development of science and technology. Drawing upon the whole nation’s technological innovation achievements, it will prove to be an unprecedented technology-intensive Olympic Games. It will enhance Beijing’s technological innovation capability, promote industrialization of high-tech fruits and their applications in people’s daily lives, and serve as a show-window for high-tech achievements and innovation progress.解析：1．本段主体部分为对未来事件的预测与宣传，故总体时态为一般将来时。
专业英语八级(翻译)-试卷140
专业英语八级（翻译）-试卷140(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 TRANSLATION(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.PART IV TRANSLATION（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.最令人怵目惊心的一件事，是看看钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。
再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。
因为时间即生命。
没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少有人珍视他的时间。
如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。
这道理人人都懂，可是很少人真能积极不懈地善于利用他的时间。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(正确答案：It is most startling to hear a watch or clock clicking away the seconds, each click indicating the shortening of one's life by a little bit. Likewise, with each page torn off the wall calendar, one's life is shortened by another day. Time, therefore, is life. Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life. Time must not be wasted if you want to do your bit in your remaining years or acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others, so that your life may turn out to be significant and fruitful. All that is foolproof, yet few people really strive to make the best use of their time.)解析：解析：1．第一句是个典型的主次信息句，“每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分”是次要信息，可以译为独立结构。
专业英语八级翻译-11
专业英语八级翻译-11(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}TRANSLATION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.然而我虽然自有无端的悲哀，却也并不愤懑。
{{U}}因为这经验使我反省，看见自己了：就是我决不是一个振臂一呼应者云集的英雄。
{{/U}} {{U}}只是我自己的寂寞是不可不驱除的，因为这于我太痛苦。
我于是用了种种法，来麻醉自己的灵魂，使我沉入于国民中，使我回到古代去，后来也亲历或旁观过几样更寂寞更悲哀的事，都为我所不愿追怀，甘心使他们和我的脑一同消灭在泥土里的，但我的麻醉法却也似乎已经奏了功，再没有青年时候的慷慨激昂的意思了。
{{/U}}（分数：15.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(For this experience had made me reflect and see that I was definitely not the type of hero who could rally multitudes at his call. However. my loneliness had to be dispelled because it was causing me agony. So I used various means to dull my senses, to make myself immersed among my fellow nationals and turn to the past. Later I experienced or witnessed even greater loneliness and sadness which I am unwilling to recall, preferring that it should perish with my mind in the dust. But my attempt to deaden my senses seemed not unsuccessful—I lost the enthusiasm and fervor of my youth.)解析：[解析] 1．反省：reflect。
英语专业八级翻译练习题
英语专业八级翻译练习题1．英译汉（1）Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of "The pleasure of taking pains". The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.梭罗所理解的"低层次"，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥有。
专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷82(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷82(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1．以后，您可以歇一歇了!正确答案：From now on，you can lead a life of leisure．解析：根据语境，此处“歇一歇”并非实指rest，而是指过悠闲的生活，因此译为lead a life of leisure更合适。
知识模块：翻译2．院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。
正确答案：And she was totally blank in the mind when the dean told her that the child suffered from growth retardation．解析：根据上文语境，此处的“院长”实际指的是“育幼院院长”，因此译为dean比较合适。
“发育迟缓”应译为growth retardation。
知识模块：翻译3．……搞得人一下子兴趣全无，接下来的休闲只能徒有其表，因为心里已是火烧火燎了。
正确答案：…The subsequent leisure is merely showy as such a call has shadowed our leisure tour and made us restlesswith anxiety．解析：“兴趣全无”中的“兴趣”指的是“度假的兴致”，在此处可译为shadowed our leisure tour。
“火烧火燎”在此形容人的心情焦虑，坐立不安，可译为restless with anxiety。
知识模块：翻译4．维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。
正确答案：The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint and mutualnon-interference．解析：“往来有节”中的“节”是“有节制”，而非“有礼节”，故可译为keep contacts with restraint；而“互不干涉”其实也是维持亲密关系的好方法，所以和“往来有节”一起并列，用with短语来体现。
专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷84(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷84(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. TRANSLATIONPART IV TRANSLATION1．当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒……正确答案：When one approaches his old age，his life is just like a bottle of wine to be savored…涉及知识点：翻译2．这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树木掩映的建筑里。
正确答案：She kept the child as her secret，the one she kept in the building shadowed by the trees．涉及知识点：翻译3．朋友之间，情趣相投，脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。
正确答案：Friends tend to become more intimate if they are congenial；otherwise they will separate and break witheach other．涉及知识点：翻译4．我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大干世界，一片喧闹。
正确答案：Without being noticed，I lifted the curtain in my small ream，only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic worlddown in the garden．(状语前置) 涉及知识点：翻译5．他跑得够快了。
正确答案：He is running fast enough．涉及知识点：翻译6．我吃了晚饭后就出去散步了。
正确答案：I went out for a walk after I had my dinner．解析：汉语中通常先叙述先发生的事，再叙述后发生的事。
而英语中表示时间的状语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语专业八级翻译练习题1．英译汉1)Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of "The pleasure of taking pains". The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.梭罗所理解的"低层次"，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥有。
他心目中的"高层次"，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自然界永恒之物的感悟臻于完美。
对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。
勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可确保他能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。
殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓所在。
除非我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投入的艰难困苦，否则便不会有幸福可言。
正如叶芝所言，除却某些不可能的情形，我们于人生中所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境界中选择我们所愿意面对的艰难困苦。
当罗伯特弗罗斯特言及"以苦为乐"时，他内心所思，大体如此。
商业广告中所宣扬的那种幸福观，其致命的缺陷就在于这样一个事实，即它宣称，一切幸福皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。
即便于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困苦。
我们之所以需要它，因为设若没有困难，便断无游戏可言。
游戏即是这样一种方式，为了享受其中的情趣而人为地使事情变得不那么轻而易举。
游戏中的种种规则，便是将困难武断地强加于人。
当有人将情趣摧毁殆尽时，他总是因为拒不按游戏规则行事而使然。
这犹如下棋；如果你随心所欲、心血来潮地去更改那些全然武断的游戏规则，这样去赢棋当然会更加容易。
但下棋的情趣则在于，应在规则的限定范围内赢取胜利。
一言以蔽之，没有艰难，断无情趣。
2)In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to exte nd the family line or the family n ame, to propitiate the an cestors; to en able the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the moder n, secularized society but they have bee n and are powerful in deed in other places.In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husba nd or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuve nate the marriage; to in crease the nu mber of childre n on the assumpti on that family happ in ess lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce.Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family -they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character, to gather the redemptive in flue nce of offspri ng. Childre n n eed the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in prin ciple, for security, comfort, assura nce, and direct ion in a cha nging, ofte n hostile, world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sen se, n eeds more tha n one pers on for suste nance and in gen erati onal exte nsion.在某些社会中，人们希望拥有孩子是出于所谓的家庭原因：传宗接代，光宗耀祖，博取祖辈的欢心，使那些涉及到整个家族的宗教仪式得以发挥其应有的作用。
此类原因在现代世俗化的社会中似显苍白，但它们在其他地方曾一度构成并确实仍在构成强有力的理由。
此外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共通之处，这便是：生儿育女是为着维系或改善婚姻：能拴住丈夫或者使妻子不致于无所事事；修复婚姻或为婚姻注入新的活力；多子多孙，以为家庭幸福，惟系于此。
这一点更可因其相反情形而得以凸现：在某些社会中，无法生儿育女（或无法生育男孩）于婚姻而言可构成一种威胁，并可作为离婚的一个顺理成章的（或现成的）缘由。
除了所有这一切以外，还有一个原因，那就是后代对于家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义。
对许多人来说，夫妇两人尚不足以构成一个真正意义上的家庭--夫妻需要孩子来丰富其两人小天地，赋予该小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。
孩子需要家庭，但家庭似乎也需要孩子。
作为一种社会体制，家庭以其特有的方式，至少从原则上说，可在一个变幻莫测、常常是充满敌意的世界中让人从中获取某种安全、慰藉、保障，以及价值取向。
于大多数人而言，这样的一个家庭基础，即使从其表层意义上来讲，也需要不至一个人来维持其存在，并使其世代相传，生生不息。
(3)Though fond of many acqua intan ces, I desire an in timacy only with a few. The Man in Black, whom I have often mentioned, is one whose friendship I could wish to acquire, because he possesses my esteem. His mann ers, it is true, are tin ctured with some strange inconsistencies, and he may be justly termed a humorist in a nation of humorists. Though he is generous even to profusion, he affects to be thought a prodigy of parsim ony and prude nce; though his conv ersati on be replete with the most sordid and selfish maxims, his heart is dilated with the most unbounded love. I have known him profess himself a man-hater, while his cheek was glowing with compassion; and, while his looks were softened into pity, I have heard him use the Ianguage of the mostunbounded ill-nature. Some affect humanity and tenderness, others boast of hav ing such dispositi ons from Nature; but he is the only man I ever knew who seemed ashamedof his natural benevolenee. He takes as much pains to hide his feeli ngs, as any hypocrite would to con ceal his in differe nee; but on every unguarded moment the mask drops off, and reveals him to the most superficial observer.尽管我喜欢广交朋友，但我只愿与为数不多的几人成为至交。