中考英语：比较级和最高级

形容词与副词比较级与最高级用法

形容词与副词的比较级：

大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1．规则变化

单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级

注意：

（1）old 有两种比较级和最高级形式：older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder/eldest 只多用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

My elder brother is an engineer.

Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.

（2）far 有两种比较级farther和further。在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，farther 表示距离，further表示进一步。

I have nothing further to say.

3．几个常用的基本句型：

as + 形容词或副词原级+ as

形容词或副词比较级+ than

the + 最高级+ 比较范围

注意：

（1）要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

(对) He is more clever than his brother.

(对) He is cleverer than his brother.

（2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.

（3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

（4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。

比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two sisters.

※可修饰比较级的词

a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。

▲the + 最高级+ 比较范围

（1）The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

※形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。

形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”

It is a most important problem.

=It is a very important problem.

注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

（2）下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost

This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

（3）句型转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.

Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.

▲和比较级（more等）有关的词组

（1）the +比较级…, the + 比较级…越……就越……

The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.

（2）more B than A与其说A不如说B (= less A than B) He is more lazy than slow at his work.

= He is less slow than lazy at his work.

与其说他做事慢，不如说他懒。

（3）no more than…与……一样……，不比……多no less…than…与……一样……

The officials could see no more than the Emperor.

=The officials could see as little as the Emperor.

官员们所见并不比皇帝多。( 指都少)

He is no less diligent than you.

=He is as diligent as you.

他和你一样勤奋。

（4）more than不只是，非常

She is more than kind to us all.