商学导论 期末指导

正误判断：举例The United States government manages the collection and spending of its revenues through monetary policy.A planned economy relies on a centralized government to control all or most of the factorsof production and to make all or most production and allocation decisions.选择题：举例A ________ is a document in which an entrepreneur summarizes his or her business strategy for a proposed new venture and how that strategy will be implemented.A) success chartB) director's guidelineC) financial blueprintD) business planThe price at which the quantity of goods demanded and the quantity of goods supplied are equal is referred to as ________.A) the equilibrium priceB) consumer equality priceC) the deal-maker priceD) the fixed point priceDecision making：sampleAs Rob Mason planned his tutoring business, he realized that he would need to provide his service in an efficient manner. He is able to use quiet areas on campus for his tutoring and therefore does not have any business expenses associated with renting an office or facility for his business. He also needs a competitive advantage over other tutors. For each business course in which he can serve as a tutor, he has developed a large number of practice questions. This distinguishes him from other tutors, who typically just try to explain difficult concepts to the students. Rob believes that by helping students work on practice questions, they will be better prepared for exams.He asks them to take his practice exam before he begins tutoring them so that he can focus on the areas where they are weakest. At the end of the sessions, he has them takea practice exam again to demonstrate how much they have learned from his tutoring.Rob's tutoring process is very organized, and he uses this process as his competitive advantage.1. How can Rob make students aware of his competitive advantage?2. How can Rob determine whether he is providing a quality service for his customers?A well-known bicycle company in town has asked the three partners of theRugged Bike Shop if they want to convert their new bike shop business into a chain-style franchise. The franchisor would provide them with guidance in running the bike shop business, but they would have to allocate a portion of their profits to the franchisor. The partners believe that they can manage the bike shop business on their own and do not want to share the profits of their business, Therefore, they decline the franchisor’s offer.1.Do you think the partners of the Rugged Bike Shop should have accepted thefranchisor’s offer?2.Do you think the Rugged Bike Shop can serve as a franchisor for otherinvestors who want to run a bike shop business?Case analysis samplePhoenix Shoes has recently established a shoe store that sells high-quality, high-priced shoes to customers of all ages. Its main source of revenue, however, is the sale of children’s shoes. Its store is located in a large shopping mall. The store has been very successful in the year that it has been open. However, Stephanie Scheck, the owner of Phoenix Shoe, is worried about the following industry conditions.First, she is concerned that the general demand for high-quality shoes could declinebecause parents may not be so willing to purchase high-quality shoes for children who quickly grow out of them. She is also concerned because published surveys suggest that parents are shifting their preference toward casual footwear for their children. Phoenix has focused on formal footwear.Second, Stephanie is concerned about a new competitor shoe business at the other end of the mall that sells relatively low-quality shoes at low prices.Third, Stephanie is concerned about another new competitor shoe business that sells high- quality shoes online through its website. The quality of these shoes is similar to that of Phoenix’s shoes, but they are priced at 10 percent less.Stephanie recognizes that the stores future performance is influenced by industry conditions that affect the general demand for its products, as well as its market share within its industry. She wants to assess how Phoenix might be affected by the recent industry conditions and how it can protect its market share.Questions1. How can Stephanie Scheck attempt to protect Phoenix’s market share, given the shift inpreference toward more casual footwear?2. Will the demand for shoes at Phoenix be affected by the new shoe business at the otherend of the shopping mall? If so, how can Phoenix protect its market share?3. Will the demand for shoes at Phoenix be affected by the new online shoe business? If so,how can Phoenix protect its market share?4. Is there any way that Phoenix could expand its product line to increase its revenue?Janet Shugarts is the president of a barbecue sauce manufacturer in Austin, Texas. A manager in production has come up with a new barbecue recipe that he claims will be the best on the market because it’s hot and spicy and has a flavor that the competition cannot match.Janet has recently received new marketing research information. The research indicates that most Europeans prefer a hot and spicy barbecue sauce. The marketing manager is excited about this new product and believes it can be exported to Europe.Janet has just come out of a meeting with her four managers from production, marketing, finance, and human resources. They have decided to establish a sales office for the barbeque sauce in Paris, France. The plan is to create a project team to set up a production facility within a year in France. The marketing manager will head this project team. He has requested that this subsidiary be decentralized to provide him with an opportunity to make timely decisions in this local market.Because of this expansion, Janet is planning to increase her existing workforce of 120 employees by 20 percent. She has recently hired a human resource manager to take charge of the recruiting and selection function. A rumor circulating around the plant through the “grapevine” hints that employees may attempt to bring in a union. The human resource manager is alarmed because of his position on the organization chart. His position is listed as a support position; thus, he can only advise and make recommendations to a line manager concerning issues related to recruiting and selection.Questions1 Has Janet created an organizational structure? If so, how?2 Why would the marketing manager request decentralization of authority in Paris,France?3 Does this organization reflect a line-and-staff organizational structure? If so, explain.4 What possible disadvantage could result from the decentralization of the marketingfunction of the foreign sales office?。