起重吊装安全培训课件(英文) Cranes HSE Training

Beginning of each shift • Each contractor crane operator shall perform a daily pre-operational safety inspection, prior to operating his assigned crane, using the crane manufacturer’s daily inspection checklist • Raise hook to upper end of travel slowly to test limit switch – If overhead type operate trolley & bridge travel – Observe drift after power release to determine brake adjustment
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries ResearchFile
Crane-Related Deaths in Construction by Year 1992-2006*
* Dwk.baidu.comta from 2006 are preliminary; data from 1992-2005 are revised and final. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Research
2.1 Cranes and Derricks.
• Comply with the manufacturer's specifications
2.2 CRANE LIFTS: TYPES & PROCEDURES
Saudi Aramco Crane GI - 7.028
(SA GI 7.028)
2.2 CRANE LIFTS: TYPES & PROCEDURES
• A designated signalman shall be used at all times during the lifting, moving, and setting of a load.
• Only one designated signalman shall give signals to the crane operator. • The designated signalman and crane operator shall verify that they are familiar with the same set of hand signals
Typical Schedule
Annually Annually Annually
D
E F
Heavy service - 50% capacity, 10-20 lifts hr.
Severe service - Near capacity, 20+ lifts hr. Continuous severe service - Near capacity and continuous service throughout day
* 52 of 59 struck by crane booms/jibs were due to falling booms/jibs ** Includes 10 run over by mobile cranes *** Other causes includes 14 struck by other crane parts and 9 highway incidents ****Does not add to 100 due to rounding.
• Never lift loads over people, warn personnel of approaching loads. • Do not make side pulls, lift all loads vertically. • Do not use limit switches as normal stopping devices
Semiannually
Quarterly Bi-monthly
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
ALWAYS CHECK LOAD RATING
ASME B-30.5
• Wire rope shall be taken out of service when any of the following conditions exist:
Crane Warning Signs
• Do not operate equipment with damaged
• Position controls in off position, and open main line switch when leaving crane. • Do not remove obscure or deface this label,
2.5 Crane Warning Signs
• All crane lifts (standard and critical) require properly licensed and 3rd party Certified operators. • The crane operator shall have the final decision on any crane lift that affects the safety of his crane..
• Inspection and Testing Requirements shall be performed. • Mobile cranes shall receive an annual inspection.
Daily Inspections
– – – – – – – – Operation of crane, controls, movement Visual inspection of all lines for leaks Check limit switch Check brakes for coasting Twisted, broken, kinked wire rope Deformed, stretched, or cracked hooks Observe correct spooling Check keepers
2.2 CRANE LIFTS: TYPES & Saudi Aramco Crane GI - 7.028 PROCEDURES.
• Operators shall inspect all machinery and equipment:
– prior to each use, and
– during use,
CIRCUMSTANCES OF INJURY, CRANE-RELATED DEATHS, US CONSTRUCTION, 1992-2006
Cause of death Overhead power line electrocutions Crane collapses Struck by crane booms/jibs* Struck by crane loads Caught in/between Struck by cranes** Other causes*** Total 323 **** # deaths 102 68 59 24 21 18 31 % 32% 21% 18% 7% 7% 6% 10%
– In running ropes, six randomly distributed broken wires in one lay or three broken wires in one strand in one lay;
2.4 RIGGING HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
2.6 Cranes and Derricks.
• Any deficiencies shall be repaired, or defective parts replaced, before continued use.
2.3 INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS FOR ELEVATING/LIFTING EQUIPMENT
Documented on: crane manufacturer’s daily inspection checklist & retained for 3 months
CMAA Recommended Inspection Schedule
Class
A B C
Description
Standby or infrequent service Light service - 2-5 lifts hr. Moderate service - 50% capacity, 5-10 lifts hr.
• Wire rope shall be taken out of service when any of the following conditions exist:
– Wear of one-third the diameter of outside individual wires. – Kinking, – Crushing, – Bird caging, – or any other damage resulting in distortion of the
2.2 CRANE LIFTS: TYPES Saudi Aramco Crane& GIPROCEDURES - 7.028
• Rated load capacities
shall be conspicuously posted. • Warnings visible to operator while he is at his control station.
rope structure
2.4 RIGGING HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
ASME B-30.5
• Defective or damaged rigging hardware, or rigging hardware that does not comply, shall be immediately removed from service and shall be destroyed to prevent further use • In standing ropes, more than two broken wires in one lay in sections beyond end connections or more than one broken wire at an end connection. • Wire rope safety factors in accordance with American National Standards Institute B 30.5-1968 or SAE J959-1966.
1. Background
• From 1992-2006, 323 construction worker deaths involving 307 crane incidents were identified • An average of 22 construction worker deaths per year • Electrocution by power-line contact was the most common type of incident, with 102 deaths (32%) reported.