中国科学院2009年秋季博士研究生入学考试部分试题及答案

中国科学院

2009年秋季博士研究生入学考试部分试题及答案

完型填空原文

26. Attitudes of respect, modesty and fair play can grow only out of slowly acquired skills that parents teach their children over many years through shared experience and memory. If a child reaches adulthood with recollections only of television, Little League and birthday parties, then that child has little to draw on when a true test of character comes up—say, in a prickly business situation. ―Unless that child feels grounded in who he is and where he comes from, ev erything else is an act,‖ says etiquette expert Betty Jo Trakimas.

27. The Dickmeyers of Carmel. Ind., reserve every Friday night as ―family night‖ with their three children. Often the family plays board games or hide-and-seek. ―My children love it,‖ says Theresa, their mother.

28. Can playing hide-and-seek really teach a child about manners? Y es, say Trakimas and others, because it tells children that their parents care enough to spend time with him, he is loved and can learn to love others. ―Manners aren‘t about using the right fork, agrees etiquette instructor Patricia Gilbert-Hinz. ―Manners are about being kind—giving compliments, team-playing, making sacrifices. Children learn that through their parents.‖

29. While children don‘t automatically warm to the idea of learning to be polite, there‘s no reason for them to see manners as a bunch of stuffy restrictions either. They‘re the building blocks of a child‘s education. ―Once a rule becomes second nature, it frees us,‖ Mitchell says. ―How well could Micha el Jordan play basketball if he had to keep reminding himself of the rules?‖

30. Judith Martin concurs. ―A polite child grows up to get the friends and the dates and the job interviews,‖ she says, ―because people respond to good manners. It‘s the language of all human behavior.‖

英语6选5第一篇原文

natural architecture - an emerging art movement that is exploring mankinds...

The natural environment still manages to fill us with a sense of awe and amazement. Despite the amount of scientific knowledge mankind has gathered, nature still holds great mysteries that we may never be able to unravel.

This complexity has continually daunted man. In frustration, we try to control nature by enforcing order. As a result, we have distanced ourselves from the earth, even though our survival is completely dependent on it. We are now trying to regain our close connection to nature.

There is an emerging art movement that is exploring mankind's desire to reconnect to the earth, through the built environment. Referred to as 'natural architecture', it aims to create a new, more harmonious, relationship between man and nature by exploring what it means to design with nature in mind.

The roots of this movement can be found in earlier artistic shifts like the 'land art' movement of the late nineteen sixties. Although this movement was focused on protesting the austerity of the gallery and the commercialization of art, it managed to expand the formal link between art and nature. This has helped develop a new appreciation of nature in all

forms of art and design.

The 'natural architecture' movement aims to expand on 'land art' by acting as a form of activism rather than protest. This new form of art aims to capture the harmonious connection we seek with nature by merging humanity and nature through architecture. The core concept of the movement is that mankind can live harmoniously with nature, using it for our needs while respecting its importance.

The movement is characterized by the work of a number of artists, designers and architects that express these principles in their work. the pieces are simple, humble and built using the most basic materials and skills. because of this, the results often resemble indigenous architecture, reflecting the desire to return to a less technological world. The forms are stripped

down to their essence, expressing the natural beauty inherent in the materials and location. The movement has many forms of expression that range from location-based interventions to structures built from living materials. However all of the works in the movement share a central ethos that demonstrates a respect and appreciation for nature.