《商务英语翻译》第3章第一节主语从句的翻译

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商务翻译(英译汉) Unit 3 Sino-UK Trade Ties

后能否保证译文成功的又一重要关键步骤，是理解的深化和体现。表达的核心问题是结构重组，就是组织译文中的词汇特征、句法特征和语篇特征，从而使读者能够最大限度地理解和领会译文。在这一过程中，译者要注意恰到好处地再现原文的思想内容和语体色彩，使译文既忠实于原作又符合译入语的语法和表达习惯。要做到这一点，译者就必须在选词用字、组词成句、组句成篇上下功夫，在技巧运用上下功夫。能直译时尽可直译，不能直译时则可考虑意译，灵活运用翻译技巧。
•3. He felt a rush of fear churning his stomach. • 译1：他感到一阵恐惧涌上胃口。 • 译2：他感到一阵恐惧涌上心头。
• 4. He bent solely upon profit. • 译1：他只屈身于利润之前。 • 译2：只有利润才使他低头。 • 译3：他惟利是图。
•3. 检测 •校测是对理解和表达质量的全面检查，是纠正错误、改进译文的极好时机，切不可认为是多余之举。优秀的译者总是十分重视校核的作用，总是利用这一良机来克服自己可能犯下的错误，初学翻译的人就更应该如此了。最有效的检测方法有以下四种： •（1）邀请几位读者代表朗读译文； •（2）仔细分析朗读者的面部表情； •（3）请听过译文朗读的人向没有听过朗读的人讲述内容； •（4）填空检测法。.
例如：
• There is no sky in June to blue that it does not point forward to a bluer； no sunset so beautiful that it does not waken the vision of a greater beauty, a vision which passes before it is fully glimpsed.

商务英语阅读课文翻译第3 课

第3 课主课文译文国界与壁垒欧元真的能够使欧盟成为单一商业市场吗？欧元的深刻影响已清晰可见，1 月 1 日之后，其更为深远的影响也将显露出来。

然而，欧元本身的作用仅此而已。

在欧洲建立一个真正的单一市场是一项更大的工程，尽管欧元在其中扮演着主要的角色，但最好还是将其看作是该工程的组成部分。

许多单一货币对经济及商业产生何种影响的学术研究，恰好支持了上述观点。

加州大学伯克利分校的经济学家安德鲁·罗斯（Andrew Rose）主持的一项实用系列研究显示：由于单一货币的出现，欧洲境内贸易量会很快增加一倍甚至两倍。

倘若果真如此，欧洲将给众多对欧洲前景持悲观态度的人士以极大惊喜，因为这些人总是发出感慨，美国十年间非同寻常的经济发展让欧洲望尘莫及，使欧洲落后于美国十年之久。

然而，另一项重要的系列研究向人们揭示了为什么某种单一因素的改变，例如单一货币的引入，所产生的效果与最初的期望值存在差距。

枫丹白露商学院（Insead）为法国名牌商学院，该院经济学家萨布玛尼·兰格（Subramanian Rangan）对全球化以及全球化对国际大型跨国公司的价格政策及货物来源进行了研究。

他指出，象欧洲这样如此之大的地区，在实现经济一体化的进程中，关键的问题是要搞清楚国与国之间的边界会带来什么样的影响。

他说：“当人们谈到一体化的时候，一定存在着一个将何种事物一体化的问题。

而国与国边界造成的差异根深蒂固，不可能仅仅将诸多差异之一排除而使问题得到全面解决。

”这一论述很重要，因为该论述解释了为什么不能不顾其他经济因素而孤立地去看待欧元。

在由国界造成的诸多差异中，兰格先生列出如下内容：.. 行政管理规则及其标准；.. 社会及宗教现状；.. 发展潜力，包括地理状况及自然资源；.. 经济发展状况及基础设施；另外还包括：.. 信息方面的差异，其中也包括语言。

商业活动运作的环境均受到以上这些因素的影响。

虽然由不同货币造成的现有障碍将随着单一货币重要作用的发挥而得以消除，但欧元本身不会在其他方面带来多大变化。

商务英语阅读unit3翻译

Unit11. After months of researching Northwestern on the Web and grilling friends, teachers and advisers who had gone there, Maxine pinned her hopes on getting accepted.经过数月在网上搜索并研究NW大学和仔细询问到访过NW大学的朋友、老师和顾问，Maxine 最终希望自己能被NW大学录取。

2. For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. It turns out the odds of getting into a selective college have never been worse.对于像Maxine一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说，他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。

考入一所名校的机会从未如此渺茫。

3. But admissions directors are already worrying about the shrinking pool of future applicants, especially the sliver of those who can afford to foot the $40,000 annual tab.---但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题，尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4万美元的那部分申请者。

4. Those who left private schools in the 1980s and 1990s can expect to earn 35% more in life than the average product of a state school, they found, around half of which can be attributed to education, not background.20世纪80年代和90年代中期的私立学校毕业生能够期望一生的收入比国立中学的普通毕业生多35%，他们发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所受的教育，而非背景。

《商务英语3》1-2单元对话、课文中英对照

Unit 1 A New Job新工作Listening and speaking 1听对话，了解公司选择招聘人员的规则，为面试做充分的准备。

Maggie is in a job interview, talking about her work experiences with Howard Marx, the HR Director of ABC Dataweb.(麦琪在进行面试，与ABC数据网公司人力资源总监霍华德•马克思谈论她的工作经历。

)Howard：Morning, Maggie. My name is Howard Marx and I am responsible for your recruitment and training here at ABC Dataweb. Could you talk brieﬂy about your career development?霍华德：早上好，麦琪, 我是霍华德•马克思，负责ABC数据网公司的招聘和培训。

能简单的谈谈你的职业发展经历吗？Maggie：Sure, Mr. Marx. Thanks for giving me this opportunity. Well, my first job was in Flat Earth Mechanics. I started with it in 2010 and I worked in the office at the beginning, but soon moved to the sales department. I knew then that I was born to be a saleswoman! So I was promoted to the position of sales manager in about two years.麦琪：好的，马克思先生。

非常感谢您能给我这个机会。

商务英语阅读教程3 课后翻译

Unit 1Text A1. 经过数月在网上搜寻并研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问,玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。

2. 对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说,他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。

考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。

3. 但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题,尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4 万美金费用的那部分申请者。

Text B1. 20 世纪80 年代和90 年代初期,私立中学的毕业生一生的预期收入比公立中学的普通毕业生多35%,研究人员发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育,而非他们的背景。

2. 研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法:凭借更优秀的考试成绩,而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。

3. 一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能:许多父母通过再抵押贷款来支付学费,但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件,这条路很快就走不通了。

Unit 2Text A1. 随着金砖四国(巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国)以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信不断增强,发展重点方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。

2. 非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平,公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场中的消费者,非政府组织和公司之间存在着利益趋同现象。

3. 要签署加入《联合国全球契约》,公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环保的责任意识,反对腐败,并且每年汇报一次他们所取得的进展。

Text B1. 在为数不多的出类拔萃、堪称日本企业典范的跨国公司中，索尼一直居于领导者的地位，从特丽珑电视到索尼随身听，这些产品的成功代表了电子消费品的品质，但这个品牌正随着过去成功势头的消退而日渐衰落。

2. 出井伸之提前一年离职的决定表明公司可能比预想的还要糟糕，而他定下的 2007 年利润恢复至 10%的目标更是遥不可及。

3. 年复一年，扩张造成了行动缓慢的大型化趋向，并且索尼公司也成了日本企业界停滞不前的案例。

商务英语句子的翻译Lecture 3

1.1.4翻译为目的状语英语定语从句如果在语义上表示目的,可以译成汉语的目的从句,分局之前应当加上关联词语"以","以便","为了","从而"等. 1. Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments. 译文:中国派出一些贸易代表团出访非洲各国,以便同各国政府洽谈贸易协议以便同各国政府洽谈贸易协议. 以便同各国政府洽谈贸易协议
1.1.6翻译为结果状语 1. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 译文:这个方案富于创造性,独出心裁,很有魅力,因而博得了他们所有人的欢心因而博得了他们所有人的欢心. 因而博得了他们所有人的欢心
2. As I just said, the first decade in space saw accomplishments in science and technology which affected our concept of the entire universe. 译文:正如我刚才所说,第一个十年在外层空间方面科学和技术都取得了成就,从从而影响了我们对整个宇宙的看法. 而影响了我们对整个宇宙的看法
从篇章的角度来看英译汉的过程是用汉语重新构建语篇的过程句子层面之外必须考虑语篇衔接只是在重构的过程中需要照顾原文的语篇结构不可超越
商务英语句子的翻译

商务英语翻译(英译汉)第二版电子教案第3单元A

English-Chinese Translation for International Business 商务英语翻译
第三单元词义的选择
语言是由词语构成的意义大厦。理解语言不可不涉及对词语的理解，将一种语言翻译成另一种语言时，不可不关注对词语的翻译。词语的选择同翻译之间的关系非常紧密。可以说，成功的商务英语句子或商务英语语篇的译文在很大程度上取决于词语选择的精当、得体、专业和地道。
译文：若实验室检测合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货。
6.选择词义时，要注意前言后语搭配得当
---China’s top industrial regulator said on Tuesday that the country is unlikely to see a “double dip” in the second half of this year.
译文：对货物质量的索赔须于货物抵达目的港之日起30日内提出。
Not only a panic run on banks, but snowballing deposit cancellation could trigger an ominous chain reaction leading to a financial crisis.
A foreign business representative, neither overly sympathetic toward China nor overly disposed against it, would need to be convinced on a number of scores before he could responsibly commit his firm to taking an equity position in a Chinese enterprise.

商务英语综合翻译 (Unit1-3)

1.我不愿意告诉你但是如果三个月内我们不能招揽到更多的顾客的话，归根结蒂的问题是公司将面临倒闭。

I hate to tell you this,but if we don’t get more customers the next three months,the bottom line is that we’ll go out of business.2.当局可能会对户外广告的副作用加以干预，但是，这并不意味着该禁令在法律上的合理性。

它阻碍了我们的企划方案。

(be concerned with) The authorities might be concerned with the side effects of the outdoor ads,but this does not mean the ban is legally justifiable.It has hindered us from scheduling our projects.3.复杂的革新金融体系固然容易遭受破坏，但是单一、严格管制的金融体系势必导致经济发展迟缓。

(susceptible)A sophisticated and innovative financial system is susceptible to destructive booms;but a simple,tightly regulated one will condemn an economy to grow slowly.4.布什总统说他了解很多美国人都担心未来经济的发展，持续不稳定的房地产市场存在风险，使更多人面临失业危险。

President Bush says he knows many Americans are concerned about the future of the economy,with the risk that continued instability in the housing market could put more jobs in jeopardy.1.鲍勃的勤勉和智慧为他的成功铺平了道路。

商务英语阅读课文译文

高级商务英‎语阅读课文译文第1 课新长征―中国制造‖这个标记很‎久以前就不‎新鲜了，它贴在鞋子‎上、玩具上、服装上，以及为跨国‎公司制造的‎其他商品上‎，世界各地到‎处可见。

现在真正新‎鲜的是以中‎国品牌出售‎的中国制造‎的商品。

目前中国只‎有为数不多‎的几家公司‎拥有足够的‎财力和管理‎知识来打造‎国际名牌；其余的绝大多‎数公司还在‎为在国内获‎得知名度而‎努力奋斗着‎。

但是正在海‎外市场上试‎水的各大先锋公司，很有可能把‎事情做大。

一些人认为‎，在创业精神‎饱满的本地‎管理层的协‎助下，或者在一些‎想在其产品‎系列里添加‎新产品的外国‎公司的协助‎下，中国商品在‎极具竞争力‎的价格的基‎础上，若把卖点放‎在产品质量‎和异国情调‎上，那末10 年之内，中国品牌将‎一个一个地‎走向全球。

总部在香港‎的广告公司‎中国精信（Grey China‎）的执行董事‎陈一木丹（Vivec‎a Chan）说：―如果世界上‎只有一个国‎家具备创立‎全球品牌的‎潜力，那么这个国‎家就是中国‎。

‖‎短期之内，中国商品最‎有希望打入‎国际市场的‎当属中草药‎和特色食品‎，当然也包括‎那些体现中国浪漫并‎具有异国情‎调的产品，例如化妆品‎、时装和音乐‎作品。

中国总部设‎在上海的泰‎勒·娜尔森·索福瑞（Taylo‎r Nelso‎n Sofre‎s）市场调研公‎司的中国区‎总经理Ke‎v in Tan 说：―与中国相联系‎的神秘色彩‎还有许多。

化妆品是种‎靠形象推销‎的产品，假如你要做‎化妆品，你会一下子就发‎现，中国化妆品‎来头不小。

‖努力走向世‎界的中国品‎牌还有一些‎领导时尚潮‎头的饮料和啤酒‎品牌，也包括家用‎电器等具有‎品牌潜力的‎产品，它们都能以‎竞争性的价‎格提供高品质的产品‎。

这些中国品‎牌中的一部‎分，最终将会通‎过合资、兼并和收购‎的途径走向‎国际市场。

而对于合资双方中的‎外国投资者‎来说，这些品牌则‎将成为他们‎更快地进入‎中国消费市‎场和销售渠‎道的载体，同时这些中‎国品牌也能‎进一步充实‎国外投资者‎在国际市场‎上已经确立‎的优质品牌‎的阵营。

Unit 3 Reading A 课文翻译

新职业英语 Unit 3 Business Travel
Unit 3
Unit 3 Business Travel
Reading A
ATran s-1
商务旅行不必都是生意
1 了解出差的目标、出发时牢记目标并清楚如何达
成目标，这些都是很重要的。但在途中也会发生一些有趣的事情。你可能会去到一些令人惊叹的地方，有
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Unit 3 Business Travel
ATrans-5 Reading A
5
要想了解当地不为外人所知的特色活动，你
可以阅读地方报纸，翻阅当地的文化艺术小报。
这些报纸除了登载俱乐部及影剧院正在举办的活
动之外，还会有周边地区详细的节庆活动介绍。你可能会发现没多远就有地区性的庆祝活动，而你则可以权且做一回当地人，好好玩上几个小时。
机会看到你自己可能永远都发现不了的东西。
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Unit 3 Business Travel
Trans-2 Reading A A-
2
商务旅行不必都是生意。完成工作后，就可以
Hale Waihona Puke 去领略一下地方特色，参观当地的风景名胜，品尝当地的美味佳肴。如果想要了解出差城市里有些什么真正好玩的东西，第一大资源就是当地居民。如
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Unit 3 Business Travel
ATrans-6 Reading A
6
好好利用你的商务旅行吧，去看看世界、寻寻
开心，正如歌里唱的那样“停下脚步去闻闻路边的
玫瑰”。这样，你回来后不但可以圆满地向公司交差，还能带回一段值得长期回味的美好记忆。
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大景点的话，那就大胆去当一回游客吧。这些都将会是

世纪商务英语翻译 unit3

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返回
SECTION 3
Sec 1
I. 商标的语言特点（3）
商标的语言区别于其他语言的特点，包括独占性、
Sec 2
指示性和联想性。 1. 商标的独占性对于企业至关重要。失去了商标的独占性，企业就失去了赖以生存的根本。例如， Duncan公司曾经设计出深受消费者喜爱的yo-yo玩具。由于yo-yo玩具市场认可度高，其他企业也纷纷生产这种玩具，并且也叫yo-yo, 而Duncan没有注册yo-yo商标，以至最终面临破产的命运。
i. √ Lux
j. √ Coca-cola k. √ Robust √ Shangri-la l. m. √ Siemens n. √ Nike o. √ Sandwich
Sec 4
4 香格里拉 √ Sprite d.
Sec 6
11 娃哈哈 12 力士
13 宏耐 14 格力 15 西铁城
5 雪碧 6 西门子 7 麦当劳
商标（Trademark）是用于商品或服务上的标记，通常使用特定图形、文字或符号以供区别于其他商品或服务。
Sec 3
商标具有独占性，商标持有人为保护对商标的专
Sec 4
用权，需要在国家商标管理部门对其商标进行注册。注册商标标识周围均有标记：注册商标（Registered Trademark）或者TM®，其中®为国际通用。®标记表示该商标已注册，在一定时期内商标持有人拥有对注册商标的专用权，未经商标权持有人的许可，任何人不得擅自使用与该注册商标相同或相类似的商标，否则，即构成侵犯注册商标持有人的商标专用权，将承担相应的法律责任。
Sec 2

商务英语翻译-U3词义的选择

会计年度
业绩报表不良贷款变动专利权税权益情况
scores underwriter a competitive price on a regular basis
place substantial orders
[səb'stænʃ(ə)l]
评估数据核保人具有竞争力的报价定期地大量订货二次探底专家组裁决
3、情态动词使用几率较高
情态动词中，一些语气肯定的词语在商务英语中会经常使用，充分体现了商务活动的严肃、严谨性特点，如 “should”、“must”等词语的出现频率往往较高，明确表明了商务活动的指向性，避免出现拖泥带水现象。
4、词语指代明确无误
为保证商务文书等的严密性，在商务活动中，代词的使用一般比较谨慎，通常情况下使用比率较低，即使出现，也一般都是一种泛指意义，对商务活动的整体内容表达基本无影响。
如对我方业务建议有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。
As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we can’t give you any more discount.
我方已报最低价，折扣不能再多给了。
1. He gets a 10% commission on everything he sells.
公司与供货商交易时因其赊购而产生应付账款。
2. The company is one of our major accounts, so we should do our best to satisfy their needs. 那家公司是我们的主要客户之一，因此我们得尽可能满足他们的需求。
3. The CFO was accused of falsifying the company accounts.

商务英语翻译Chapter_3-1

：
B 将下列英语译成汉语，并注意黑体字的翻译
(b) Transliteration
AIDS
(c) Combination of Free translation and Transliteration
(d) Omission or zero translation
practice
For a quarter of century, Wahington and Wall street have wanted China to become an integral part of the world economy. Their wish has been granted, and now it’s time to come to grips with the implications.
3.1.3 Singular and plural nouns
import 进口 —— imports 进口量，进口的货物 export 出口 —— exports 出口量，出口的货物 stock 库存（货）—— stocks 库存量 sale 销售 —— sales 销量，销售额 supply供应 —— supplies 供应量 receipt 收到 —— receipts 收入，收益 return 返回 —— returns收益，收入 risk 风险 —— risks 风险损失赔偿金 gain 收获 —— gains 利润，收益
3.1.5 Translation of people’s names (omitted)
3.1.6 Translation of Geographical Names (a) Complying with the features of Chinese Geographical Names

商务英语翻译第3章翻译策略

第一节文化背景BrainstormingTranslate the following into Chinese1.I haven’t seen you for donkey’s year.我很久没有见到你了。

2.Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。

3.Seeing is believing.耳听为虚，眼见为实。

4.I wonder if he is a Trojan horse.我不知道他是不是个危险人物。

5.It’s case of January and May.这是老牛吃嫩草。

/ 他们是老夫娶少妻。

Part V Practical trainingTranslate the following English sentences into Chinese1. China benefits a lot from her past 20 year’s open door policy.中国从过去20年的门户开放政策中得到了许多实惠。

2. The return of Hong Kong to China turned over a new leaf in China’s history.香港回归在中国发展史上翻开了崭新的一页。

3. Jack was warned that his job was on the line because of his lack of concentration for his duties.杰克因为干活精力不集中而受到警告，他的工作处在危险的边缘。

4. The president said, “Great minds think alike. So I totally agree with your idea.”主席说：“真是英雄所见略同啊。

我完全同意你的观点。

”5. The news that the firm was closing down came as a bolt from the blue to the staff. 商行要倒闭的消息对该行职员来说犹如晴天霹雳。

商务英语从句的翻译

英语从句的翻译Business is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale, through which profit or economic surplus will be created.in a turnkey project, the seller plans, constructs, and places in operation a foreign facility that is then transferred to a local owner.And it allows me the variety of work that working at a large multi-billion bank does not have to offer as you’ll be working in narrow job description handling one type of lending.But the important thing to remember is that in the modern world we must give people skills which will prepare them for the changing world of manufacturing and production which is now upon us.It was found that a country benefits more by producing goods it can make most cheaply and buying those goods that other countries can make at lower costs than by producing everything it needs within its own border.In addition to visible trade, which involves the importing and exporting of tangible goods, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations.International trade transactions refer to the exportation of goods or services from one country to another, which is the importing country. As imports are financed by exports, which help to gain foreign currency to import the badly needed raw materials, technology and equipment, the capacity of a nation to import obviously depends on its export performance.Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things people wanted or needed, but today it has a more technical definition, which is the production, distribution, and sales of goods and service for a profit.The Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) aims to achieve a situation where foreign investors are not discriminated against, but they are still subject to the same substantive laws and regulations that apply to domestic investors.International business has emerged as a separate branch of management training, because the growing scale and complexity of business transaction across national boundaries gives rise to new and unique problems of management and governmental policy that have received inadequate attention in traditional areas of business and economics.International business activities also include an extensive range of optional methods available to firms for dong business internationally that involve different degrees of foreign direct investment commitments.The seller must deliver goods which of the quantity, quality and descriptions required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract.状语和状语从句Buyers or their chartering agent (租船代理人) shall advise the sellers by fax 10 days prior to the arrival of the carrying vessel (装货船只) at the port of shipment of the contract number, name of the carrying vessel, approximate loading capacity (载荷能力), lay days (装卸货日数) and port of loading.Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract, the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the needs to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the full amount of USD 30 000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export point so that the Seller may draw the sum in due time.If the technical documents are found lost, damaged or mutilated (毁伤) during air transportation, Party B shall supply Party A free of charge with a second set of the documents within the shortest possible time but not later than thirty days after it has received from Party A the written notice.The Buyer shall pay the Seller US $ 350 000 within 20 days after the Bank of China has received the following documents from the Seller and found them in order, but not earlier than 12 (twelve) months after the date the Contract Plant for the first time reached 95% of guaranteed capacity of the whole Contract Plant according to the guaranteed quality indices as per Annex VI to the Contract or 65 months after the date of signing the contract, whichever is earlier.If under the contract the buyer is to specify the form, measurement or other features of the goods and he fails to make such specification either on the date agreed upon or within a reasonable time after receipt of a request from the seller, the seller may without prejudice to any other rights he may have, make the specification himself in accordance with the requirements of the buyer that may be known to him. Should for certain reasons the Buyer not be able to inform the Seller of the foregoing details 10 days prior to the arrival of the vessel atthe port of loading or should the carrying vessel be advanced or delayed, the Buyer or their chartering agent shall advice the Sellers immediately and make necessary arrangement.The Buyer shall have the right to claim against the Seller for compensation of losses within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, should the quality of the goods be found not in conformity with the specifications stipulated in the Contract after re-inspection by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau. The Buyers shall have the right to claim against the Sellers for compensation of short weight within 60 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, should the weight be found not in conformity with that stipulated in the Bill of Lading after re-inspection by the CCIB.If any change is required regarding the terms and conditions of this agreement, then both parties shall negotiate in order to find a suitable solution, provided, however, that any change of this agreement shall be subject to the approval by the government of both parties.Forms of international tradeDirect investment is a market-entry strategy which involves the establishment of foreign-based assembly and manufacturing facilities. By direct investment, the company can keep full control over the investment and marketing policies. The company can also take advantage of the lower costs in the form of cheaper labor, raw materials and transport at local place. On the other hand, direct investment faces many risks such as devalued currencies, declining market and, worst of all, nationalization—the host country takes over ownership of the company’s facilities, usually without compensating the company for the loss of property.Visible imports and exports: the import and export of tangible goods (not services)Invisible imports and exports: the import and export of services rather than actual goods, for example, banking, insurance, and professional service, etc.Quota: the maximum quantity of a certain product that is allowed into a country during a given period of time. A quota is used to limit imports.FOB:“Free on Board” means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have passed over the ship’s rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport. When the ship’s rail serves no practical purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic, the FCA term is more appropriate to use.“Cost and Freight” means that the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel, is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship’s rail at the port of shipment. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can only be used for sea and inland waterway transport. When the ship’s rail serves no practical purpose, such as in the case of roll-on/roll-off or container traffic, the CPT term is more appropriate to use. “Cost, Insurance and Freight” means that the seller ahs the same obligations as under CFR but with the addition that he has to procure marine insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should note that under the CIF term the seller is only required to obtain insurance on minimum coverage. The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.。

MBA商务英语第三单元翻译

PickingsAt hi-fi chain Richard Sounds ' we have a laugh', says founder Julian Richard.They also sell more per square foot than any other retailers in Britain.在高保真的供应链里，理查德桑德公司创始人朱利安·理查德说“我们拥有笑容”他们比任何其他英国零售商在每平方尺的面积上卖的东西都多。

By Nigel CopeWho is the busiest retailer in Britain? Marks and Spencer? Sainsbury perhaps, or Tesco? Wrong on all three counts. The answer is Richer Sounds, a little-known, privately-owned, cut price retailer of hi-fi equipment with 28 shops in the UK.在英国，谁是最繁忙的零售商?玛莎百货吗?桑斯博里或者乐购吗?都错了。

答案是理查桑德公司,一个鲜为人知的主营低价的零售商高保真音响设备的私企，在英国有28个商店。

In the Guinness Book of Record, Richer Sounds warrants an entry for the highest sales per square foot of an retailer on the UK---₤17,000---for its store on London Bridge Walk in the City. Even taking an average across all 28 stores, Richer Sounds still clocks up₤5,780 per square foot, ten times more than Marks and Spencer, six times the sales achieved by Sainsbury.在《吉尼斯世界纪录》中,理查桑德创造了英国每平方英尺的销量最高的记录——17000英镑——那是他在伦敦桥的店面。

3 商务翻译实务_第三单元_公示语翻译

第二单元公示语翻译1. 指示性公示语（Directive Public Signs）急救（First Aid）、旅游服务（Travel Service）、售票处（Ticket Office）等。

2. 提示性公示语（Informatory Public Signs）油漆未干（Wet Paint）、此货暂缺（Out of Stock）、正在维修（Under Repair）、保留车位（Reserved）等。

3. 警示性公示语（Cautionary Public Signs）小心轻放（Handle With Care）、小心地滑（Caution! Wet Floor！）、前方有学校（School Ahead）、当心滚石（Falling Rocks）等。

4. 限制性公示语（Restrictive Public Signs）残疾人设施（Disabled Only）、限高3米（Restricted Height 3M）、限速60—80公里（Speed Limit 80 Minimum 60 kilometers）等。

5. 强制性公示语（Mandatory Public Signs）禁止摆卖（Vendors Prohibited）、严禁超车（Overtaking Prohibited）、禁扔废弃物（No Littering）等。

6. 宣传性公示语（Public Slogans）新北京，新奥运（New Beijing, Great Olympics）、激情盛会，和谐亚洲（Thrilling Games, Harmonious Asia）以及上海申办世界博览会的申报口号“城市，让生活更美好（Better City, Better Life）”，2004年雅典奥运会的宣传口号“Welcome Home（欢迎回家）”，这是因为1896年首届现代奥运会就是在希腊举行的。

1. Staff Only A. 消防通道2. No Parking B. 非公莫入/员工通道3. Bicycle Parking C. 疏散通道4. Cargo Lift D. 加油站5. Sightseeting Elevator/Lift E. 货梯6. Filling/Gas Station F. 禁止停车7. Escape Route G. 观光梯8. Fire Engine Access H. 自行车停放处1. Detour. Maintenance in Progress. 正在检修，请绕行2. Wait. Maintenance in Progress. 正在检修，请您稍候3. Escalator Out of Service 电梯维修，暂停使用4. Horn Prohibited 禁止鸣笛5. Service Area 服务区6. Service & Complaint Hotline 服务监督电话7. Ticket Check 检票处8. Ticket Office/Tickets 售票处1. Conference Center（会议中心），Registration（注册登记），Information（咨询服务）2. No Stopping（请勿停留），Resting Place（休息区），No Spitting（禁止吐痰）3. Keep Silence（保持安静），Slow Down（减速慢行），Sold Out（售完）4. F&B（Food and Beverage，餐饮服务），VIP Suite（Very Important Person Suite，贵宾室），ENT Department（Ear, Nose, Throat Department耳鼻喉科）BRT（Bus Rapid Transit，快速公交系统）5. Don’t Drive When Tired. (严禁疲劳驾驶。