高考英语阅读理解中的一词多义-学案(熟词新义)

高考英语阅读理解中的一词多义(熟词新义)

一词多义(熟词新义)是语言的普遍现象。在英语中，除了术语以外，单义词是很少的；多数的词都是多义词，而且在名词、动词、形容词、副词中，往往词的运用频率越高，词义就越多，它的生命力就越强。一词多义(熟词新义)给我们学习英语带来许多困难,尤其是在阅读理解中，对精确理解句义形成了很大的障碍。所以，在平常学习英语的过程中，关注这一现象，并尽可能多地驾驭理解词汇的诸多意义，显得特别重要。其实，闻名的语言学家Chomsky早就说过:Every word is a new word. 他的意思就是说，我们只能在详细的语言环境中（通过上下文）才能精确理解一个词的含义。

请阅读以下例句，看看句中打横线的词在这里怎样精确理解（这些词义均属于高考范围）。

1 The learned professor is writing a report on bird flu.

2 He really let me down, because he was late for a third time that week.

3 A new act was passed by the government, which took effect a week later.

4 They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.

5 If you like, I will keep you company today.

6 “The interest shall be divided into five shares according to the agreement,” he said.

7 Immediately after his wound was dressed, he went to work.

8 Sorry, I never drink spirits. 9. Today is my treat.

10. It is certain that a new drug will be found to treat AIDS in the future.

11 She covered the opening ceremony of Shenzhen Hi-Tech Fair for CCTV.

12 He worked out exactly what his income will have to be during the first six months to cover his costs.

13 I had studied in Beijing Normal University before I taught at this school.

14 The car must go. We can’t afford it any more.

15 During the National Day golden week I went on a package tour.

16 Hi, Tony! Where are you heading now?

17 He was just a nobody before he met her.

18 Kohl happened to notice her while she was struggling in the water.

19 The film was shot in black and white.

20 Do you carry a spare wheel in your car?

21 My father used to make a living by running a small business.

22 She delivered a short speech at the meeting.

23 Have you booked the air ticket for Beijing?

24 Those children were born into well-off families.

25 Don’t address me as Mr. Fox.

26 The director wants to star Jim in his new film.

27 She doesn’t seem to be equal to meeting our demands.

28 The articles found in the car helped the police identify the body.

29 She is very gifted. She is really quick at learning languages.

30 He was sentenced to three years in prison.

31 In this sentence, the word BIG is in capitals.

32 Don’t wake up the baby. He is sound asleep.

33. She died at an advanced age.

34. Please give me a ring first next time you come to Beijing.

35 The Chinese team bagged more than 100 medals at this Asian games.

36 We arrived at the city by coach.

37 Bus No. 111 is air conditioned.

38 He was very rude to the Customs officer.

39 Develop the film quickly, please.

40 Miss Wang handed out the graded papers. 41. A cheer rose from the stands.

42. Don’t invent any excuse. I know why you are so sleepy.

43.I prefer to iron my shirts while they are damp.

44. I am several years junior to Peter.