高考英语阅读理解中的一词多义-学案(熟词新义)

高考英语阅读理解中的一词多义(熟词新义)
一词多义(熟词新义)是语言的普遍现象。

在英语中，除了术语以外，单义词是很少的；多数的词都是多义词，而且在名词、动词、形容词、副词中，往往词的运用频率越高，词义就越多，它的生命力就越强。

一词多义(熟词新义)给我们学习英语带来许多困难,尤其是在阅读理解中，对精确理解句义形成了很大的障碍。

所以，在平常学习英语的过程中，关注这一现象，并尽可能多地驾驭理解词汇的诸多意义，显得特别重要。

其实，闻名的语言学家Chomsky早就说过:Every word is a new word. 他的意思就是说，我们只能在详细的语言环境中（通过上下文）才能精确理解一个词的含义。

请阅读以下例句，看看句中打横线的词在这里怎样精确理解（这些词义均属于高考范围）。

1 The learned professor is writing a report on bird flu.
2 He really let me down, because he was late for a third time that week.
3 A new act was passed by the government, which took effect a week later.
4 They presented a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
5 If you like, I will keep you company today.
6 “The interest shall be divided into five shares according to the agreement,” he said.
7 Immediately after his wound was dressed, he went to work.
8 Sorry, I never drink spirits. 9. Today is my treat.
10. It is certain that a new drug will be found to treat AIDS in the future.
11 She covered the opening ceremony of Shenzhen Hi-Tech Fair for CCTV.
12 He worked out exactly what his income will have to be during the first six months to cover his costs.
13 I had studied in Beijing Normal University before I taught at this school.
14 The car must go. We can’t afford it any more.
15 During the National Day golden week I went on a package tour.
16 Hi, Tony! Where are you heading now?
17 He was just a nobody before he met her.
18 Kohl happened to notice her while she was struggling in the water.
19 The film was shot in black and white.
20 Do you carry a spare wheel in your car?
21 My father used to make a living by running a small business.
22 She delivered a short speech at the meeting.
23 Have you booked the air ticket for Beijing?
24 Those children were born into well-off families.
25 Don’t address me as Mr. Fox.
26 The director wants to star Jim in his new film.
27 She doesn’t seem to be equal to meeting our demands.
28 The articles found in the car helped the police identify the body.
29 She is very gifted. She is really quick at learning languages.
30 He was sentenced to three years in prison.
31 In this sentence, the word BIG is in capitals.
32 Don’t wake up the baby. He is sound asleep.
33. She died at an advanced age.
34. Please give me a ring first next time you come to Beijing.
35 The Chinese team bagged more than 100 medals at this Asian games.
36 We arrived at the city by coach.
37 Bus No. 111 is air conditioned.
38 He was very rude to the Customs officer.
39 Develop the film quickly, please.
40 Miss Wang handed out the graded papers. 41. A cheer rose from the stands.
42. Don’t invent any excuse. I know why you are so sleepy.
43.I prefer to iron my shirts while they are damp.
44. I am several years junior to Peter.
45. There were still a little time to go, so I killed time by watching kids swinging.
46. Some teachers will act as judges at our school sports meet.
47 Of all the hotels where I once stayed none can match this one.
48 The monitor of my computer is made in Korea.
49 In seeking for this job a good command of English is a must.
50 Five people were killed in that mine accident.
51 It was not long ago that the new republic was founded.
52 I want to talk about the project with you this week. Which day are you available?
53 Police say the man is armed and dangerous.
54 Remember to be patient with those kids.
55 I saw a figure coming towards me in the darkness.
56 She had been in the same post for 20 years.
57 The press conference was held after the results were known.
58 I produced my railway ticket for inspection.
59 Provided we get good weather it will be a successful holiday.
60 The chance of his coming to the party is very remote.
62 She tripped over the cat and fell.
63 It was said that a tiger was spotted on the hill.
64 How does Shenzhen strike you?
65 This small town is well known for a natural hot spring.
66 The piece of paper is too thick to tear easily.
67 We must aim for world peace in the long term.
68 The murder case is under investigation.
69 Please look at the following family tree.
70 This is an unforgettable moment I will forever treasure.
71 The Great Wall of China winds its way from west to east.
72 He put that day’s earnings into his safe.
73 I was the only one who was invited to that ball.
74 They intended to bring the men up in a special capsule.
75 He lies to me that the railway station lies in the downtown city.
76 How much do you charge me for one night?
77 The water from that well is unfit to drink.
78 I could see a lighted candle in the room.
80 I suggest you should go in for more physical exercise.
81 They are equal; you may take either share.
82 The girl is skilful in typing.
83 He became cross at my words.
84 His first song was a hit.
85 My car got stuck in the mud; it couldn’t move a bit.
86 Please follow the directions on the bottle when you take the drug.
87 I was late because we got a flat tire halfway.
88 It is not far from here, just a few blocks away.
89 Let’s hav e a break before getting down to that matter.
90 This is really a touching film.
91 The children were parted from their father.
92 I’m going to attend a live concert directed by Andy Liu.
93 The film company gave those tickets away to us for free.
94 Please tell them to be here at seven o’clock sharp.
95 The line is engaged; I cannot get through.
96 Do you think this rice will last us a whole week?
97 He has to work hard to raise a family of six.
98 It is a common practice to make an appointment with a doctor before seeing him.
99 I took the 8.00 am express to Shenzhen.
100 Her son attended Harvard in 1993 and got a doctor’s degree four years later. 101 I work out every day to keep fit.
102 South of the city lies a chemical works.
103 I used to live in a building of three stories.
104 Many years later he remained an associate professor.
105 The government hopes to better the conditions of the workers.
106 She has a seat on the board of a large company.
107 We don’t often go t o the pictures.
108 People in ancient times shot animals for food with bows.
109 Have you ever boxed at school?
110 The Han River is a branch of the Changjiang River
111 He drank four cans of beer.
112 As an actress Jane is not in the same class as Susan.
113 He has a good command of the French language.
114 Do you know the composition of the milk?
115 He is content to stay in his present job.
116 Our dinner is usually a five-course one.
117 Have you booked a tennis court?
118 There are telephone extensions in every office.
119 My daughter was born in the fall of 1991.
120 It is so hot. Please turn the fan on.
121 He was fired for stealing money from the till.
122 Peter was fined $200 for dangerous driving.
123 Our firm has made 200 people laid off.
124 Why is there a fly in the tomato-egg soup?
125 What make of computer is it?
126 Dolly, the first cloned sheep in the world, was given a shot to end her life.
127 In 2003, I landed my first job in Shenzhen as a translator.
128 I will buy a set of china. 129 They belong to black races.
130 He finished the race in 12.60 seconds.
131 These apples are still green; you can’t pick them.
132 Word comes that there will be a film tonight.
133 Some twenty people were killed in the accident.
134 Jean has a pronounced French accent.
135 Don’t tell her about it. She is a yellow dog.
136 Don’t look so blue—smile!
137 The future looks black. 138 He tapped me on the shoulder.
139 The swimmer was swept away by the current.
140 He is the person who always has novel ideas.。