翻译作业点评 what I have lived for
美文原文及翻译What I Have Lived For
What I Have Lived ForRussell, Bertrand Arthur William (1872-1970)Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.Bertrand Arthur William Russell (b.1872 - d.1970) was a British philosopher, logician, essayist, and social critic, best known for his work in mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. His most influential contributions include his defense of logicism (the view that mathematics is in some important sense reducible to logic), and his theories of definite descriptions and logical atomism. Along with G.E. Moore, Russell is generally recognized as one of the founders of analytic philosophy. Along with Kurt Gödel, he is also regularly credited with being one of the two most important logicians of the twentieth century.对爱情的渴望,对知识的追求,对人类苦难不可遏制的同情，是支配我一生的单纯而强烈的三种感情。
What I have Lived for 我为何而生
What I have Lived for 我为何而生What I Have Lived ForThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux.A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.译文：我为何而生我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以抑制的屿。
What I Have Lived For 中英译文
What I Have Lived ForThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.译文：我为何而生我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以抑制的同情。
6第六篇：What I have Lived for 我为何而生
第六篇：What I have Lived for 我为何而生What I Have Lived ForThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux.A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.完成情况：10译文：我为何而生我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以抑制的屿。
英语美文带翻译：What I have Lived for
英语美文带翻译：What I have Lived for导读：本文英语美文带翻译：What I have Lived for，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helplessold people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.三种激情，单纯而强烈，支配着我的一生：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索，和无法忍受的怜悯人类的苦难。
现代散文 英译汉What I Have Lived For
现代散文英译汉What I Have Lived ForI 译文提示--原文来源：本单元选自Bertrand Russell: What I Have Lived For,见陈新主编，1999，《英汉文体翻译教程》，北京：北京大学出版社。
--译文来源：译文1来自《我为什么生活》，泰云译，见伍国文等编，1992，《世界文学随笔精品大展》，上海：上海文化出版社。
译文2来自《三种激情》，陈炼佳译，见陈才宇编，1998，《英国散文小书屋》，上海：上海世界图书出版公司。
译文3来自《我生活的目的》，见陈新主编，1999，《英汉文体翻译教程》，北京：北京大学出版社。
--语体特征与翻译策略1〉篇章本单元是一篇关于人生这样一个严肃话题的议论文--散文的一种，为语域中的正式语体。
文章命题清楚，说理透彻，逻辑性强，段落严谨，用词讲究，风格凝重而又不乏诙谐。
充满激情和生动的文字使文章在极具说服力的同时又具有文采。
2〉句式句式严谨，句际关系清楚，如第二自然段中的first,next,finally,because等词语都是表示句际关系的标志性词语。
虽然长句、或含有复句或并列句的长句占大多数，简单短句或口语化的句子也只有几个，但是句式的长短交替在篇章中运用得非常灵活，如同位语与中心语长距离的分隔，宾语前置于主语，主句的主谓之间穿插一个从句，破折号的灵活使用等--这一切形成了明显的篇章语言风格。
3〉语义共核语（正式语体（书卷语）、一般语体（共核）、非正式语体（口语体）在词汇层次、短语层次、句型层次和篇章层次都有区别）仍然为主，但是这些常见的共核语在表意上既简练又准确，如passion一词，就无法用feeling或emotion来替代。
另外正式语体的词也是显而易见的：govern比control正式；hither and thither 为古旧用法，但是用在这里比in all directions显得正式；verge比edge更具有文学色彩，即比喻性用法(metaphorical use)。
three passions i live for、what i live for
我为之而生活的三大热情三种简但却极度不可抵抗的激情支配着我的生活，对爱的渴望，对知识的索求，以及对人类苦痛遭遇的极度同情。
这三种激情像任性的烈风一般无所不在地吹打着我，把我吹过痛苦的深海，吹至绝望的边缘。
我追寻爱，首先，因为它带来狂喜—如此强烈，以致于我牺牲余生来换取几小时的喜悦。
再者，我追寻爱，因为它能缓解孤寂—在那可怕的孤独中，一个颤抖的灵魂从世界的边缘看到冰冷、无底、死寂的深渊。
最后，我追寻爱，还因为在爱的交融中，我看到了圣贤和诗人们想象出神秘而微妙的天堂的前景。
这就是我所寻找的，虽然对人生来说似乎过于美妙，这也是我最终找到了的。
我以同样的激情追求知识。
我祈望了解每个人的心灵；祈望知道星星为什么会闪烁……我得到了一点点的收获。
只要爱和知识把我托向天堂。
怜悯总把我带回尘世。
哭泣声和痛苦呼喊声回荡在我的内心。
忍饥挨饿的孩子，惨遭压迫者摧残的受害者，被儿女们视为可憎负担的无助的老人，连同这整个充满了孤独、贫穷和痛苦的世界，使人类所应有的生活成为了笑柄。
我渴望能够减少邪恶，但是我无能为力，而且我自己也在忍受折磨。
这就是我的一生。
我发现它值得一过。
如果再给我一次机会，我会很高兴地再活它一次。
What I Have Lived For（我的人生追求）----英国哲学家罗素(Bertrand Russell)Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for lo ve, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, li ke great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of angui sh, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy ― ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lo neliness ― that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of l ove I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets ha ve imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what ― at last ― I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men.I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But alwa ys pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in fam ine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people ― a hated burden to their sons, and the wh ole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I can’t, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chan ce were offered me.。
我为何而活(WhatIHaveLivedFor)
我为何而活 (What I Have Lived For)我为何而活 (What I Have Lived For)我为何而活 (What I Have Lived For) what i have lived for我为何而活bertrand russellthree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life:the longing for love,the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.these passions,like great winds, have blown me hither and thither,in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair.i have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that i would have sacrificed all the rest of lifefor a few hours of this joy. i have sought it,next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world intocold unfathomable lifeless abyss. i have sought it,finally, because in the union of love i have seen, in a mystic miniature,the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. this is what i sought, and though it might seem toogood for human life,this is what---at last---i havefound.with equal passion i have sought knowledge.i have wished to understand the hearts of men,i have wished to know why the stars shine. and i have tried to apprehend the pythagorean power by which number holds away above the flux. a little of this,but not much, i have achieved.love and knowledge,so far as they were possible,led upward toward the heavens. but always pity brought me back to earth. echoesof cries of pain reverberated in my heart. children in famine,victims tortured by oppressors,helpless old people a hated burden to their sons,and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life shouldbe. i long to alleviate the evil, but i cannot, and i too suffer.this has been my life. i have found it worth living, and iwould gladly live it again if the chance were offered to me.。
what I have lived for
罗素：What I Have Lived For 此生何求？Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种感情，单纯而强烈，支配了我一生：对爱情的渴望，对知识的探索，以及对人类苦难无法忍受的怜悯。
这些激情，犹如飓风，吹得我忽东忽西，飘忽不定，越过茫茫的苦海，坠落绝望的边缘。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.我追求爱情，有三个原因。
what i lived for三种译文多维度翻译批评
what i lived for三种译文多维度翻译批评
作为一名优秀的翻译者，责无旁贷地将原文尽可能准确地表述出来，毫不妥协地遵循“意
思全，形似顺”的原则，不仅要掌握源语和目的语的语言知识，更要巧妙地运用翻译技巧。
我们以<What I Lived For>三种翻译的对比批评为例来探讨多维度翻译。
首先，第一种翻译“我活着是为了什么”可以了解源文是非常有深度的关于生活思考，但是
与原文意思完全一致比较困难，表达翻译者的态度不是很恰当。
其次，第二种翻译“我为
什么而活”，可以抓住原文的核心要义，表达出活着意味着要跟着一种精神、一种信仰，
表达出活着意味着在一定意义上创作，但仍然存在一定的理解偏差。
最后，第三种翻译“我活着的目的”作为最接近原文的翻译，既可以体现原文准确意思，又可以清晰传递出活
着是为了寻找生活目标，比较贴切。
总之，多维度翻译思想就是要把自己内在的情思译出来，注重人言虚心听及真诚翻译，做到精准而不死板，不断将精彩的文字礼赞给世界，从而获得最满意的翻译效果。
罗素的《What I Have Lived For》
罗素的《What I Have Lived For》我为何而生——伯兰特·罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种单纯然而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生。
那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的追求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。
这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边缘的深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我消魂。
What I Have Lived For
What I Have Lived For /我为何而生Bertrand Russell /伯特兰罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong,have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, ina wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难以抑制的怜悯。
这些激情像狂风，把我恣情吹向四方，掠过苦痛的大海，迫使我濒临绝望的边缘。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in whichone shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature,the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets haveimagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at least---I have found.我寻求爱，首先因为它使我心为之着迷，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的幸福。
(完整版)美文原文及翻译WhatIHaveLivedFor
What I Have Lived ForRussell, Bertrand Arthur William (1872-1970)Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.Bertrand Arthur William Russell (b.1872 - d.1970) was a British philosopher, logician, essayist, and social critic, best known for his work in mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. His most influential contributions include his defense of logicism (the view that mathematics is in some important sense reducible to logic), and his theories of definite descriptions and logical atomism. Along with G.E. Moore, Russell is generally recognized as one of the founders of analytic philosophy. Along with Kurt Gödel, he is also regularly credited with being one of the two most important logicians of the twentieth century.对爱情的渴望,对知识的追求,对人类苦难不可遏制的同情，是支配我一生的单纯而强烈的三种感情。
我为什么活着-英文翻译
What I Have Lived For-ÎÒΪºÎ¶ø»îThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.。
精美散文英汉互译：WhatIHaveLivedfor
精美散文英汉互译：WhatIHaveLivedforThree passions， simple but overwhelmingly strong， have governed my life： the longing for love， the search for knowledge， and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions， like great winds， have blown me hither and thither， in a wayward course， over a great ocean of anguish，reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love， first， because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it，next， because it relieves loneliness——that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks overthe rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally， because in the union oflove I have seen， in a mystic miniature， the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined.This is what I sought， and though it might seem too good for human life， this is what——at last——I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know whythe stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux.A little of this， but not much， I have achieved.Love and knowledge， so far as they were possible， led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine， victims tortured by oppressors，helpless old people a burden to their sons， and the wholeworld of loneliness， poverty， and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil，but I cannot， and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living， and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.三种简单却又无比强烈的激情左右了我的一生：对爱的渴望,对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难以忍受的怜悯。
我为何而活(what i have lived for).doc
我为何而活(What I Have Lived For)what i have lived for 我为何而活bertrand russellthree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. these passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair.i have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy --- ecstasy so great that i would have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. i have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness --- that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. i have sought it, finally, because in the union of love i have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. this is what i sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what --- at last --- i have found.with equal passion i have sought knowledge. i have wished to understand the hearts of men, i have wished to know why the stars shine. and i have tried to apprehend the pythagorean power by which number holds away above the flux. a little of this, but not much, i have achieved.love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. but always pity brought me back to earth. echoes of cries of pain reverberated in my heart. children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. i long to alleviate the evil, but i cannot, and i too suffer.this has been my life. i have found it worth living, and i would gladly live it again if the chance were offered to me.。
翻译作业点评 what I have lived for
恋爱与知识，尽其可能，引领着我通往天堂；然而恻隐总是把我带回现实。那些痛苦的召唤在我心田深处回响。饥饿中的孩子，被榨取和折磨的人们，给子女造成重担的无助老人，以及孤苦、贫穷和痛苦的整个天下，都是对人类理想生涯的讽刺。我盼望能淘汰这些不幸，但无能为力，这也是我的痛苦。
这就是我的一生，我发现人是值得活的。如果有谁再给我一次生活的机会，我将欣然接受这难得的赐予。
有三种情感单纯而强烈支配着我的一生对恋爱的盼望对知识的追求以及对人类磨难不行停止的同情。这些情感如阵阵巨风挟卷着我在漂浮不定的路途中东飘西荡飞越苦闷的汪洋大海直抵绝望的边缘。
我之以是追寻恋爱首先恋爱使人心醉神迷云云美妙的感受以致使我时常为了体验几小时爱的喜悦而宁愿献出生掷中其它一切；其次恋爱可以排除孤苦身历那种恐怖孤寂的人的战栗意识会穿过天下的边缘直望入酷寒死寂的无底深渊；最后置身于爱的联合我在一个神秘缩影中看到了圣贤与诗人们所预想的天堂。这正是我所追寻的只管它对于人类的生涯或许太过优美却是我的最终发现。
对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情，是支配我一生的单纯而强烈的三种感情。这些感情如阵阵巨风，吹拂在我动荡不定的生涯中，有时甚至吹过深-沉痛苦的海洋，直抵绝望的边缘。
我所以追求爱情，有三方面的原因。首先，爱情有时给我带来狂喜，这种狂喜竟如此有力，以致使我常常会为了体验几小时爱的喜悦，而宁愿牺牲生命中其他一切。其次，爱情可以摆脱孤寂——身历那种可怕孤寂的人的战栗意识，有时会由世界的边缘，观察到冷酷无生命的无底深渊。最后，在爱的结合中，我看到了古今圣贤以及诗人们所梦-想的天堂的缩影，这正是我所追寻的人生境界。虽然它对一般的人类生活也许太美好了，但这正是我透过爱情所得到场最终发现。
【辉哥审校】What I have Lived for 我为何而生
辉哥说：1、开始低调，开始努力，明白付出才有收获。
2、开始在意情商，开始换位思考，明白感情的珍贵。
3、开始专注于自己，不再做无效社交，明白人生应该做减法。
What I have Lived for 我为何而生Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.译文：我为何而生我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以抑制的屿。
What I have Lived For阅读和回答问题,我为什么而活,伯特兰罗素
What I have Lived For——Bertrand RussellThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy--ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men.I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I can’t ,and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.Questions:1.What are love and knowledge so important for Russell?2.What does the pity for suffering mean to Russell?3.In what ways does Russell enlighten you?。
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那可怕的孤独能让一个人的意识触到冰冷的无底的绝望的深渊的边缘。
孤独——那种让人陷入冷酷的深不可测的无生命的深渊。
这种可怕的孤独感像一个意识在颤抖的人在寒冷的深不可测的且无生气的无底洞中寻找世界的边缘。
圣人和诗人所想象的神秘的微小的预示的天堂的景象。
翻译作业点评whatIhave lived for
词的翻译
1.great wind的理解应结合结合上下文的语境：
风2
飓风17狂风35巨风9强风8疾风1暴风2烈风1大风7
龙卷风1
强烈的风7强劲的风3强大的风1猛烈的（大）风4
巨大的风1异乎寻常的风1
微风1轻风1和煦的春风1
2.数字的写法套路
中文大小写壹贰叁肆伍陆柒捌玖拾 一二三四五六七八九十
三种激情虽然简单，却异常强烈，它们统治着我的生命，那便是：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求，以及对人类苦难的难以承受的同情。这三种激情像变化莫测的狂风任意地把我刮来刮去，把我刮入痛苦的深海，到了绝望的边缘。
我曾经寻找爱，首先是因为它能使我欣喜若狂——这种喜悦之情如此强烈，使我常常宁愿为这几个小时的愉悦而牺牲生命中的其他一切。我寻求爱，其次是因为爱能解除孤独——在这种可怕的孤独中，一颗颤抖的良心在世界的边缘，注视着下面冰凉、毫无生气、望不见底的深渊。我寻求爱还因为在爱的融合中，我能以某种神秘的图像看到曾被圣人和诗人想象过的天堂里未来的景象。这就是我所追求的东西，虽然这似乎对于人类的生命来说过于完美，但这确实是我最终发现的东西。我怀着同样的激情去寻找知识，我曾渴望着理解人心，我曾渴望知道为何星星会闪烁，我还企图弄懂毕达哥拉斯所谓的用数字控制变化的力量，但在这方面，我只知道一点点。
有着厌恶的负担的无助的年迈的老人给予他们的儿子。
毫无帮助的老人是他们的儿子的沉重的负担。
对他们的儿子来说是一个讨厌/令人反感的负担的无助的老人们。
3.“是”字泛滥
最后是因为我所见过的完整的爱，是一个神秘的缩影，那是圣人和诗人们梦想中的天堂里预示的美景。这就是我所追寻的，即使它看起来似乎对人类生活很美好，但是这就是我最后能找到的。
爱的力量和知识的力量引我接近天堂，但同情之心往往又把我拉回大地。痛苦的哭泣回响、震荡在我的心中。饥饿的儿童，被压迫、受折磨的人们，成为儿孙们讨厌的包袱的、无助的老人们，充斥着整个世界的孤独的气氛，贫穷和苦难，所有这一切都是对人类生活原本该具有的样子所作的讽刺。我渴望消除一切邪恶，但我办不到，因为我自己也处于苦难之中。这就是我的生活，我认为值得一过。而且，如果有第二次机会，我将乐意地再过一次。
1949年,伯特兰·罗素(1872一1970)获得了英国官方和学术界的最高荣誉:英王乔治五世授予他“功勋奖章”,英国科学院选他为荣誉院士。195。年底,瑞典皇家科学院授予罗素诺贝尔文学奖,表彰他写了“捍卫人道主义理想和思想自由的多种多样、意义重大的作品.”的确,罗素不仅是本世纪英国最著名的人物之一,也是世界文化名人.甚至有人认为,自伏尔泰以来,西方文人中还不曾有谁享有过象他这样高的声誉,没有谁对同代和后世产生过象他这样大的影响。正如艾兰·乌德①在《萝素哲学:关于其发展之研究》②的序言里首先声明的那样:“罗素的著述所涉及到的学科是那么多,大概现存的人没有一个能通晓所有这些学科,写一篇象样的评论……。凡论述罗素的人都应该说清楚所研究的范围,这样他个人的局限性才不致被误认为是他所研究的那个题目的局限性。”
我也以同样的热情追求知识。我盼望明白人类的心灵，盼望知道星辰为何闪灼，我还试图明白毕达哥拉斯关于哪些数字在变迁之上保持着永恒的智慧。在这一方面，我取得了一点结果，但不算多。
恋爱与知识，尽其可能，引领着我通往天堂；然而恻隐总是把我带回现实。那些痛苦的召唤在我心田深处回响。饥饿中的孩子，被榨取和折磨的人们，给子女造成重担的无助老人，以及孤苦、贫穷和痛苦的整个天下，都是对人类理想生涯的讽刺。我盼望能淘汰这些不幸，但无能为力，这也是我的痛苦。
4.排比句怎么翻译？语序要整齐吗？要调整吗？要凌乱吗？
Children…victims…helpless old people…
5.在一个完整句中，中途随意变换主语，或舍弃不应舍弃、省略不应省略的主语
这就是我明白的哲理，并且认为它似乎对人们的生活很有好处。
6.标点符号怎么打？
《三种激情》是选自《伯特兰·罗素自传》的一篇优秀散文。它既是作者心灵的抒发，也是生命体验的总结。作者以深刻的感悟和敏锐的目光，分析了人生中的三种激情，即对爱的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类苦难的同情。对爱的渴望，使人欣喜若狂，既能解除孤独，又能发现美好的未来。对知识的追求，使人理解人心，了解宇宙，掌握科学。爱和知识把人引向天堂般的境界，而对人类的同情之心又使人回到苦难深重的人间。作者认为这就是人生，值得为此再活一次的人生。这篇散文似乎信手拈来，但却耐人寻味。充满激情，充满感慨，充满智慧，情文并茂，逻辑性和感染力极强。
这就是我的一生，我发现人是值得活的。如果有谁再给我一次生活的机会，我将欣然接受这难得的赐予。
有三种情感单纯而强烈支配着我的一生对恋爱的盼望对知识的追求以及对人类磨难不行停止的同情。这些情感如阵阵巨风挟卷着我在漂浮不定的路途中东飘西荡飞越苦闷的汪洋大海直抵绝望的边缘。
我之以是追寻恋爱首先恋爱使人心醉神迷云云美妙的感受以致使我时常为了体验几小时爱的喜悦而宁愿献出生掷中其它一切；其次恋爱可以排除孤苦身历那种恐怖孤寂的人的战栗意识会穿过天下的边缘直望入酷寒死寂的无底深渊；最后置身于爱的联合我在一个神秘缩影中看到了圣贤与诗人们所预想的天堂。这正是我所追寻的只管它对于人类的生涯或许太过优美却是我的最终发现。
对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情，是支配我一生的单纯而强烈的三种感情。这些感情如阵阵巨风，吹拂在我动荡不定的生涯中，有时甚至吹过深-沉痛苦的海洋，直抵绝望的边缘。
我所以追求爱情，有三方面的原因。首先，爱情有时给我带来狂喜，这种狂喜竟如此有力，以致使我常常会为了体验几小时爱的喜悦，而宁愿牺牲生命中其他一切。其次，爱情可以摆脱孤寂——身历那种可怕孤寂的人的战栗意识，有时会由世界的边缘，观察到冷酷无生命的无底深渊。最后，在爱的结合中，我看到了古今圣贤以及诗人们所梦-想的天堂的缩影，这正是我所追寻的人生境界。虽然它对一般的人类生活也许太美好了，但这正是我透过爱情所得到场最终发现。
伯特兰·罗素(Bertrand Russell,1872-1970)是英国声誉卓著，影响深远的哲学家、数学家、逻辑学家和散文家。他生于威尔士的特莱雷克，就读于剑桥三一学院，在其漫长的一生中完成了40余部著作，涉及哲学、数学、伦理、社会、教育、历史、宗教及政治等许多领域。他早年的成就主要在数学和逻辑学，中年关注伦理道德、教育、政治，激励和启发富有进取精神的人。在1921年曾来中国，在北京大学作过讲座。他在1950年荣获诺贝尔文学奖。在政治上，他反对侵略战争，主张和平，晚年参加反战示威。主要著作有《数学原理》、《哲学大纲》、《教育与美好生活》、《罗素自传》三卷本。
缩影缩图图像模型模式角度国度蓝图彩画影像画卷（刘洋）画面（张富强等）象征写照憧憬
缩略图小世界复制品小画像微型画/图
缩小模型微型世界/图像画像缩影天堂画卷（贺梦鸽）
微型的心理潜行者的画潜修者的画像微缩/小复制品微小：直译为原文被动句式9人，意译为主动句这39人。
这就是我的一生。我发现人生是值得的；而且若是能够再有一次这样的时机，我会欣然接受。
阿拉伯数字1. 2. 3. 4.
罗马数字大小写ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅰⅱⅲⅳ
3.词义的选择
3.1.ground
世间世上
人间尘世
现实现实世界
地上地面地球
3.2.this joy
（短暂）喜悦
欢喜欢娱欢愉（的魔力）（片刻）欢乐（时光）
愉悦愉快
快乐
乐趣
（万分）狂喜
沉醉沉迷
转瞬即逝的幸福
短暂数小时
3.3.miniature
我曾以同样的感情追求知识，我渴望去了解人类的。也渴望知道星星为什么会发光，同时我还想理解毕达哥拉斯的力量。
爱情与知识的可能领域，总是引领我到天堂的境界，可对人类苦难的同情经常把我带回现实世界。那些痛苦的呼唤经常在我内心深处引起回响。饥饿中的孩子，被压迫被折-磨者，给子女造成重担的孤苦无依的老人，以及全球性的孤独、贫穷和痛苦的存在，是对人类生活理想的无视和讽刺。我常常希望能尽自己的微薄之力去减轻这不必要的痛苦，但我发现我完全失败了，因此我自己也感到很痛苦。
被动句式：被…所控制3/掌控2/统治1/支配2/占据1
主动句式：三种感情支配12/统治1/贯穿/掌握/掌控7/控制5/经营/主宰2/统治/指引/影响4/支撑/着（我的一生）
我为三种激情而生
在我的生活中起支配作用的有三种…情感
2.“的”字结构滥用
就像是一个颤抖的人站在世界的边缘上俯视着一个寒冷的深不可测的却又毫无生机的地狱般可怕。