2019年 语言与文化 期末考试答案

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2019年期末测试普通话试卷(附答案)

2019年期末测试普通话试卷(附答案)

2019年期末测试普通话试卷(附答案)班级姓名一、语言文字政策法规知识题 (每题1分,共10分)1.1982年通过《中华人民共和国宪法》第19条明确规定:(C)。

A.国家推广普通话B.推广全国通用的普通话C.国家推广全国通用的普通话2. 国家推广普通话,推行。

(A)A. 规范汉字B. 通用汉字C. 标准汉字3. 国家机关以为公务用语用字。

(B)A. 汉语和汉字B. 普通话和规范汉字C. 中文4.《普通话水平等级测试标准》将普通话水平划分为三个级别,每个级别内再划分为两个等次,其中最高水平和进入最低等级的水平分别为。

(A)A. 一级甲等和三级乙等B. 一级乙等和三级甲等C. 一级甲等和三级甲等5.推广普通话是促使公民普遍具备普通话应用能力,。

(B)A.在任何场合都说普通话,不说方言B. 在正式场合和公共交际场合说普通话C. 只在学校里说普通话6.提倡公共服务行业以为服务用语。

(A)A. 普通话B. 当地方言C. 普通话和当地方言7.国家机关工作人员应达到的普通话等级是不低于。

(C)A. 二级甲等B. 二级乙等C.三级甲等8.语文教师和对外汉语教师应达到的普通话等级是不低于。

(B)A.一级乙等B.二级甲等C.二级乙等9. 国家级电台电视台的播音员、节目主持人应达到的普通话等级是。

(A)A. 一级甲等B. 一级乙等C. 二级甲等10. 普通高等学校、中等职业学校的学生普通话水平应当分别达到以上水平。

(C)A.一级乙等B. 二级甲等C. 二级乙等二、汉语拼音知识(一)给词语选择正确的读音(每题0.5分,共10分)1.号召 A.hào zhào B.hào zhāo2.因为 A.yīn wèi B.yīn wéi3.娱乐 A.yù lè B.yú lè4.兴奋 A.xīnɡ fèn B.xìnɡfèn5.符合 A.fú hé B.fǔ hé6.处理 A.chù lǐ B.chǔlǐ7.着急 A.zhāo jí B.zháo jí 8.卓越 A.zhuó yuè B.zhuō yuè9.包庇 A.bāo pì B.bāo bì 10.答谢 A.dā xiè B.dá xiè11.花蕾 A.huā lěi B.huā léi 12.可憎 A.kě zēnɡ B.kě zènɡ13.分泌 A.fēn bì B.fēn mì 14.称心 A.chèn xīn B.chènɡ xīn 15.模型 A.mó xínɡ B.mú xínɡ 16.亚军 A.yǎ jūn B.yà jūn 17.中肯 A.zhōnɡ kěn B.zhònɡ kěn 18.感召 A.ɡǎn zhào B.ɡǎn zhāo 19.生肖 A.shēnɡ xiào B.shēnɡ xiāo 20.茶几 A.chá jī B.chá jǐ(二)、普通话异读词选择(每题2分,共10分)1.给“挨个、窗框、勉强、相似、暂时”注音,全部正确的一组是 (D)A. āiɡè cuānɡ kuànɡ miǎn qiǎnɡ xiānɡ sì zhàn shíB. āiɡè chuānɡ kuànɡ miǎn qiǎnɡ xiānɡ sì zhàn shíC. āiɡè chuānɡ kuànɡ miǎn qiǎnɡ xiānɡ shì zàn shíD. āiɡè chuānɡ kuànɡ miǎn qiǎnɡ xiānɡ sì zàn shí2.给“挨打、钞票、教诲、危险、憎恨”注音,全部正确的一组是 (B)A. āi dǎ chǎo piào jiào huǐ wēi xiǎn zènɡ hènB. ái dǎ chāo piào jiào huì wēi xiǎn zēnɡ hènC. ái dǎ chāo piào jiào huǐ wēi xiǎn zènɡ hènD. āi dǎ chǎo piào jiào huì wéi xiǎn zēnɡ hèn3.给“多么、卑鄙、惩罚、比较、一匹马”注音,全部正确的一组是 (C)A. duó me bēi bì chěnɡ fá bǐjiǎo yīpǐmǎB. duó me bēi bǐ chénɡ fá bǐjiǎo yīpīmǎC. duō me bēi bǐ chénɡ fá bǐjiào yīpǐmǎD. duō me bēi bì chěnɡ fá bǐjiào yīpīmǎ4.给“洞穴、处理、一会儿、号召、着急”注音,全部正确的一组是 (A)A. dònɡ xué chǔlǐ yīhuìer hào zhào zháo jíB. dònɡ xuè chùlǐ yīhuìer hào zhāo zhāo jíC. dònɡ xuè chǔlǐ yīhuǐer hào zhào zhāo jíD. dònɡ xué chùlǐ yīhuǐer hào zhāo zháo jí5.给“胆怯、琴弦、恶劣、唾沫、包庇”注音,全部正确的一组是 (A)A. dǎn qiè qín xián èliè tuòm o bāo bìB. dǎn què qín xüán èlì tuòm o bāo pìC. dǎn qiè qín xián èliè tuòm e bāo pìD. dǎn què qín xüán èlì tuòm e bāo bì三、语文基础知识(每题2分,共 40分)1.下列句子中没有错字的一句是。

2019年 语言与文化 期末考试答案

2019年 语言与文化 期末考试答案

语言与文化一、单选题(题数:40,共40.0 分)1被称作“美国人类学之父”的是()。

(1.0分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、康托尔D、鲍亚士正确答案:D2 “名无固宜,约之以命。

约定俗成谓之宜,异于约则谓之不宜。

”出自哪位文学家?()(1.0分)A、荀子B、孔子C、孟子D、老子正确答案:A3 ()是西藏那曲中“曲”的藏语含义。

(1.0分)A、湖泊B、河流D、山峰正确答案:B4 “包氏父子”属于哪种所指关系?()(1.0分)A、无限集B、空集C、不定集D、有限集正确答案:D5 ()是英语、汉语、傣语的亲属称谓中都有区分的语义特征。

(1.0分)A、血缘B、长幼C、远近D、性别正确答案:A6首先发现了最大序数悖论的数学家是()。

(1.0分)B、布拉里·福蒂C、华罗庚D、塞万提斯正确答案:A7语言起源的多元论指的是早期智人第几次走出非洲?()(1.0分)A、第四次B、第三次C、第二次D、第一次正确答案:C8我国哪位思想家提出过符号任意性原则?()(1.0分)A、孔子B、孟子C、老子D、荀子正确答案:D9自相论认为语言系统体现了人类什么能力?()(1.0分)A、语言能力B、后天经验能力C、语言能力和后天经验能力的交互作用。

D、遗传正确答案:C10 “语言是有限规则和单位生成无限的句子”这句话出自于哪位语言学家?()(1.0分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、乔姆斯基D、韩里德正确答案:C11智人走出非洲称为()。

(1.0分)A、第一次走出非洲B、第二次走出非洲C、第三次走出非洲D、第四次走出非洲正确答案:B12在语言中形成的最为高级的语言是什么?()(1.0分)A、符号B、英语C、汉语D、数学正确答案:D13 ()是指由词演变成词组的过程。

(1.0分)A、虚化B、语法化C、词汇化D、组合正确答案:C14下列哪类人的进化程度更高?()(1.0分)A、北京人B、元谋人C、山顶洞人D、蓝田人正确答案:C15沃尔夫的()观点认为“同一个物理证据,并不是所有的观察者都得到相同的宇宙图式,除非他们的语言背景相同或相似。

河南省永城市实验高级中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试语文试卷+Word版含答案 (11)

河南省永城市实验高级中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试语文试卷+Word版含答案 (11)

2018-2019学年度上学期期末考试高一语文试题命题人:梁冬林复核人:李晓燕一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

书斋书斋,顾名思义,是读书的房间,同时也是藏书的地方,还是书写的地方。

读书、藏书、书写是书斋的基本功能。

后来,文物古玩的收藏和鉴赏常在这里进行,诗词歌赋和书法绘画乃至篆刻的切磋和研讨也常常在这里进行。

书斋是以个人名义建立,以主人和密友为主体,进行文化艺术活动的中心。

书斋姓“文”,所以别名称作“文房”。

早在春秋时期,与朝廷兴建的学校——“官学”不同,诸子百家大兴私人讲学之风,诸子家中的讲学之处往往白天是课堂,晚上就成了读书的地方。

这应该就是书斋的雏形。

汉代儒家学者和诗赋作家,往往有自己的书斋从事文化艺术活动。

因此,可以说汉代是书斋兴起的时期。

唐代是一个相对自由、开放、多元化的时期,文化艺术繁荣而发达,学术氛围也比较宽松。

可以说盛唐是书斋成熟的时期,如杜甫在成都的“草堂”,就是典型的文人书斋。

在中国传统宅院中,书斋往往是民居中唯有的精神场所。

它一般位于宅院的僻静之处,如有后花园,必与之相邻,以形成高雅恬淡的良好环境。

书斋有三大特点。

一是文化传承的汇集点。

书斋的主体——读书人或做学问的人,在这里藏书,在这里读书,在这里思索;以往优秀的文化,在这里以研读、考证、校注、阐发的方式得以传承;中华民族的文明之光在这里化整为零,熊熊燃烧,然后又影响社会的发展进程,使文化得到最好的传承和发展。

二是个性创造的发酵池。

书斋是个人的领地,是书斋主人个性得以施展的空间。

在这里,他们的创造力得以进发,从而产生出新的思想,创造出新的艺术,使得文化发展的链条上,不断有闪动的灵光。

三是人与自然和谐的典范。

书斋宜明朗、清净,不可太宽敞。

明净可以使人心情舒畅、神气清爽,太宽敞便会损伤目力。

窗外四壁,藤萝满墙,中间摆上松柏盆景,或剑兰一二盆。

石阶周围种上青翠的芸香草。

2019年语言与文化期末考试答案

2019年语言与文化期末考试答案

语言与文化一、单选题(题数:40,共40.0 分)1被称作“美国人类学之父”的是()。

(1.0分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、康托尔D、鲍亚士正确答案: D2 “名无固宜,约之以命。

约定俗成谓之宜,异于约则谓之不宜。

”出自哪位文学家?()(1.0分)A、荀子B、孔子C、孟子D、老子正确答案: A3 ()是西藏那曲中“曲”的藏语含义。

(1.0分)A、湖泊B、河流C、丘陵D、山峰正确答案: B4 “包氏父子”属于哪种所指关系?()(1.0分)A、无限集B、空集C、不定集D、有限集正确答案: D5 ()是英语、汉语、傣语的亲属称谓中都有区分的语义特征。

(1.0分)A、血缘B、长幼C、远近D、性别正确答案: A6首先发现了最大序数悖论的数学家是()。

(1.0分)A、康托尔B、布拉里·福蒂C、华罗庚D、塞万提斯正确答案: A7语言起源的多元论指的是早期智人第几次走出非洲?()(1.0分)A、第四次B、第三次C、第二次D、第一次正确答案: C8我国哪位思想家提出过符号任意性原则?()(1.0分)A、孔子B、孟子C、老子D、荀子正确答案: D9自相论认为语言系统体现了人类什么能力?()(1.0分)A、语言能力B、后天经验能力C、语言能力和后天经验能力的交互作用。

D、遗传正确答案: C10 “语言是有限规则和单位生成无限的句子”这句话出自于哪位语言学家?()(1.0分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、乔姆斯基D、韩里德正确答案: C11智人走出非洲称为()。

(1.0分)A、第一次走出非洲B、第二次走出非洲C、第三次走出非洲D、第四次走出非洲正确答案: B12在语言中形成的最为高级的语言是什么?()(1.0分)A、符号B、英语C、汉语D、数学正确答案: D13 ()是指由词演变成词组的过程。

(1.0分)A、虚化B、语法化C、词汇化D、组合正确答案: C14下列哪类人的进化程度更高?()(1.0分)A、北京人B、元谋人C、山顶洞人D、蓝田人正确答案: C15沃尔夫的()观点认为“同一个物理证据,并不是所有的观察者都得到相同的宇宙图式,除非他们的语言背景相同或相似。

期末八语答案-最新教育文档

期末八语答案-最新教育文档

2019—2019学年度下学期八年级期末考试语文试题参考答案一、积累与运用。

(25分)1.(6分)(1)白露未已、在水之涘(2)但余钟磬音(3)天之苍苍,其正色邪(4)玉盘珍羞直万钱2.(3分) B (A.jiān— jiàn;C.jīn—jìn;D.sāi—sè)3.(3分) B (A.言—颜,振—震;C.框—眶;D.燥—躁)4.(3分) C(大词小用,不分轻重。

可改为“豁然开朗”或“茅塞顿开”)5.(3分) C (A把“参观”改为“学习”;B删除“造成的”;D“两千多年前新出土的”改为“新出土的两千多年前”。

)6.(3分) C7.(1)(2分)电信诈骗让群众遭受巨大的经济损失,并带来心里痛苦。

(2)(2分)要点:不要透露身份和银行卡信息,更不能向陌生账户存钱;要警惕自称是××局打来的电话;公安机关不会电话要求群众往银行账户存钱;多学习网络防骗知识,增强防骗意识。

(答出两点即可)第 1 页二、阅读。

(45分)(一)(5分)8.(2分)无眠、人生。

9.(3分)D(二)(15分)10.(4分)(1)离开(2)指心理活动,即两种心情(3)下棋(4)酒杯11.(4分)(1)不因为外物的好坏、自己的得失而或喜或悲。

(2)容颜苍老,头发花白,醉醺醺地坐在众人中间,是太守喝醉了啊。

12.(5分)描写、抒情、议论;记叙、描写。

(3分)“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”的政治抱负;与民同乐。

(2分)13.(2分)他们不以物喜不以己悲的宽广胸怀;以天下为己任的精神,为人民服务的精神;吃苦在前享乐在后的精神,无私奉献任劳任怨的精神;不计个人得失的胸怀等。

(答出两点即可)(三)阅读短文,回答问题。

(12分)14.(4分)①耗损电池(电池寿命减短);②有辐射;③产生深度垃圾文件,使手机运行变得卡顿;④引起APP闪退,甚至引起手机无法正常开启、黑屏等现象。

第 2 页15.(2分)点明了文章说明的主要内容;引发读者的阅读兴趣(思考)。

最新2019英语语言学期末试题练习+答案.docx

最新2019英语语言学期末试题练习+答案.docx

最新 2019 英语语言学期末试题练习+ 答案Ⅰ. MatchingMatch each of the following terms in Column A with one of the appropriate definitionsin Column B.Column A1.最新 2019英语8.mistakes17.语言学期末试题9.interlanguage18.context练习 +答案10.motivation19.blendingngue11.arbitrariness20.culture3.suprasegmental feature12.21.learning strategies4.deep structure13.broad transcription22.selectional restrictions5.predication analysis14.morphology23.phrase structure rules6.idiolect15.category24.culture diffusion7.pidgin16.errors最新 2019 英语语言学期末试题练习+ 答案A. Learners ’ indepentdesystem of the second language, which is of neither the nativelanguage nor the second language, but a continuum or approximation from his nativelanguage to the target language. 9B.Learner ’ s attitudes and affective state or learning drive, having a strong impact on hisefforts n learning a second language. 21C.The rules that specify the constituents of syntactic categories. 23D.24E. 6F. A special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people whospeak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading. 7G.The kind of analysis which involves the breaking down of predications into their constituents----- arguments and predicates. 5H. They refer to constraints on what lexical items can go with what others.22I. The structure formed by the XP rule in accordance with the head’ s propertiessubcategorization.4J.The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments. 3K.The study of the internal structure of words , and the rules that govern the rule of word formation. 14L. 2nguage can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.It is one of the distinctive features of human language. 1N.Learner ’conscious, goal-oriented and problem-solving based efforts to achieve learning efficiency. 10O.20P.18Q. .19R. A group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in a particular language,such as a sentence, a noun phrase or a verb. 15S.17T.The ideal user’ s knowledge of the rules of his language12.U.One of the properties of human language. It means that there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds. 11V. A way to transcribe speech sounds with letter-symbols only. 13W. They reflect gaps in a learner’ s knowledge of the target,languagenotself-corrigible.16X. They reflect occasional lapses in performance. 8Ⅱ.Blank-filling.Fill in the following blanks with a word , whose initial letter has been given.1. “ A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” This quotation is a good illustration of thea____ nature of language. Arbitrary2.The description of a language at some point of time in history is a synchronic study; thedescription of a language as it changes through time is a d____ study. Diachronic3.Chomsky defines c____ as the ideal user Competence’4._. This marks the essential difference between vowels and consonants. Obstruction5.The different phones that can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments arecalled the a____ of the phoneme.Allophone6.Allophones of the same phoneme cannot occur in the same phonetic environment. Theyare said to be in c____ distribution.7.When pitch , stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation,they are collectively known as i____. Intonation8. The m____ unit of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.Minimum9.I____ morphemes are bound morphemes that are for the most part purely grammaticalmarkers, signifying such concepts as tense, number, case and so on. Inflectional10.Phrases that are formed of more than one word usually contain three elements: head,specifier , and c____. Complement11.Concerning the study of meaning ,conceptualist view holds that there is no direct linkbetween a linguistic form and what it refers to; rather , in the interpretation of meaning theyare linked through the mediation of c____ in the mind. concept12. The sense relation between“ animal” and“ dog” hyponymyiscalled____.13.P____ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings.Polysemy14.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaningthe c____ of use is taken into consideration. Context15.S____ refers to the linguistic variety characteristic of a particular social class.Sociolect16.WHO is an a____ derived from the initials o f “ World Health Organization Acronym”.17.According to Halliday , language varies as its function varies; it differs in different situations.The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a r____.Register18.Diffusion19.Subconsciouslynguage a______ refers to a natural ability for learning a second language. Acquisition21.Vibration of vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called”, which is a “vfeature of all vowels and some consonants in English. V oice22.The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segment are called s____ features.Suprasegmental23.Morphology refers to the study of the internal structure of words and rules for word f____.Formation24.The minimal unit of meaning is traditionally called m____. Morpheme25.The sense relation between autumn”“ and fall“” is calleds____. Synonym26. H____ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form,i.e. , different words are identical in sound or spelling , or in both. Homonymy27.Implicature28.SARS is an a____ derived from the initials of “ SevereAcute Respiratory Syndrome ”. Acronym29.I____ is a personal dialect of an indi Idiolect30. RP, the short form of“ R____ Pronunciation” refers to the particular way of pronouncingstandard English. ReceivedⅢ .Multiple choice.Choose the best answer to the following items.1.____ is considered to be the father of modern linguistics.A. N. ChomskyB. F. de SaussureC. Leonard BloomfieldD. M. A. K. Halliday2.In the scope of linguistics , ____ form the part of language which links together the soundpattern and meaning.A. morphology and syntaxB. phonetics and semanticsC. semantics and syntaxD. morphology and semantics3.____ studies the sounds from the hearer’,s point.e.,of howview the sounds are perceivedby the hearer.A. auditory phoneticsB. acoustic phoneticsC. articulatory phonetics4.Which of the following words begins with a velar voiced stop? ____A. godB. bossC. cockD. dog5.Which of the following words ends with a dental, voiceless fricative? ____A. roseB. waveC. clothD. massage6.Which of the following words contains a back,open and unrounded vowel? ____A. godB. bootC. walkD. task7.Which of the following is Not a velar sound? _____A. [h]B. [k]C. [g]D. [?]8.Which of the following is Not a minimal pair?____A. bat , biteB. kill , pillC. peak, pig,D. meat, seat9.Which of the following is an open class words?____A. emailB. butC. theD. they10.The underlined morphemes in the following belong to the inflectional morphemes except____.A. paintsB. painterC. paintedD. painting11.Which of the following words has more than three morphemes? ____A. psychophysicsB. boyfriendsC. forefatherD. undesirability12.The pair of words“ dead and alive” is called ____.A. gradable antonymsB. relational opposites13.Which pair of the following words can be categorized as stylistic synonyms?____A. torch & flashlightB. die & deceaseC. amaze & astoundD. luggage & baggage14.X: John has given up smoking.Y:John used to smoke.The sense relation between the above sentences is ____A. X entails YB. X presupposes YC. X is synonymous with YD. X is inconsistent with Y15.X: My father has been to London.Y:My father has been to UK.The sense relation between the above sentences is ____A. X entails YB. X presupposes YC. X is synonymous with YD. X is inconsistent with Y16.A. impoliteB. incorrectC. indirectD. unclear17.According to Searl ’ s classification of speech, actswhich of the following is an instance ofdirectives? ____A.I fire you!B.Your money or your life!C.I ’ m sorry for the mess I have made.D.I have never seen the man before.18.Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?A. treeB. crashC. typewriterD. bang19.The word “ Kodak ” is a(n) ____.A. blendB. coined wordC. clipped wordD. acronym20.Which of the following words is Not formed by means of clipping?_____A. memoB. motelC. quakeD. gym21.A. subjectB. roleC. situationD. means22.Which of the following theories of language acquisition believes that language learning issimply a matter of imitation and habit formation? ____.A. The behaviorist viewB. The innatist viewC. The interactionist viewD. The cognitive theory23.Which of the following sentences is an example of overgeneralization? ____.A.Jane told me to give up smoking.B.Jane asked me to give up smoking.C.Jane advised me to give up smoking.D.Jane suggested me to give up smoking.24.Which of the following hypotheses is put forth by Dr. Krashen? ____.A.Critical Period HypothesisB. Input Hypothesisnguage Acquisition Device HypothesisD. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis25.Who among the following linguists put forward Co-operative Principles?A.Paul GriceB. John SearleC. KrashenD. Leech26.Which of the following linguists is the initiator of transformational generative grammar?A. F. de SaussureB. N. ChomskyC. G. LeechD. M. A. K. Halliday27..B. A. creole... pidgin B. pidgin... creoleC. C. regional dialect... sociolectD. sociolect ... regional dialect28.____ studies the sounds from the speaker’,s point.e.,ofhowviewa speaker uses his speechorgans to articulate speech sounds.A. Auditory phoneticsB. Acoustic phoneticsC. Articulatory phonetics29.We know the verb “put ”requires an NP followed by a PP or Adv,. theThusprocess ofputting words of the same lexical category into smaller classes according to their syntacticcharacteristic is called.A. categorization B . subcategorizationC. syntactic categoriesD. coordination30. Which of the following words contains a front , close and unrounded vowel? ____A. badB. bedC. beatD. but31.The underlined morphemes in the following belong to the derivational morphemes except____.A . faster B. writer C. lovely D. conversion32.Which of the following is an open class words?____A. emailB. butC. theD. they33.The pair of words borrow“ and lend ” is called ___.A. gradable antonyms B . relational opposites34.Which pair of the following words can be categorized as collocational synonyms?____A. torch & flashlightB. pretty & handsomeC. amaze & astoundD. luggage & baggage35.X: My sister will soon be divorced.Y: My sister is a married woman.The sense relation between the above sentences is ____A. X entails YB. X presupposes YC. X is synonymous with YD. X is inconsistent with Y36.X: John married a blond heiress.Y:John married a blond.The sentence relation between X and Y is ____A. X entails YB. X presupposes YC. X is synonymous with YD. X is contradictory with Y37. According to Searl’ s classification of speech,actswhich of the following is Not an instanceof directives? ____A. Open the window!B. Your money or your life!C. Would you like to go to the picnic with us?D.I have never seen the man before.38.The word “ brunch ” is a(n) ____.A. blendB. coined wordC. clipped wordD. acronym39.A. subjectB. roleC. situationD. means40.There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix "ed" in the word "learned" isknown as a( n)A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free form41.Which of the following theories of language acquisition holds that human beings are biologicallyprogrammed for language and that the language develops in the child just as other biological functions such as walking? ____.A.The behaviorist viewB.The innatist viewC.The interactionist viewD.The cognitive theory42. The opening between the vocal cords is sometimes referred to as.A. glottisB. vocal cavityC. pharynxD. uvula43.Which of the following hypotheses is put forward by Eric Lenneberg? ____.A. Critical Period HypothesisB.Input Hypothesisnguage Acquisition Device HypothesisD.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis44.Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called ____morpheme.A. inflectional B .free C. bound D. derivational45. There are ____ morphemes in the word denationalization?A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. sixnguage isA. instinctiveB. non-instinctiveC. staticD. genetically transmitted47.Pitch variation is known as ____ when its patterns are imposed on sentences.A. intonationB. toneC. pronunciationD. voice48.Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?A.[z]B.[w]C.[e]D.[v]49.21. Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation?A. [n]B.[m]C.[b]D. [p]50.Which vowel is different from the others according to the characteristics of vowels?A. [i:]B. [u]C. [e]D. [i]51.What kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords are vibrating?A.VoicelessB. VoicedC. Glottal stopD. Consonant52. When a child uses “ mummy” to refer to any woman ,most probably his “ mummy”means.A. + HumanB. + Human + AdultC. + Human + Adult–MaleD. + Human + Adult - Male + Parent53.The utterance "We're already working 25 hours a day , eight days a week." obviously violatesthe maxim of ______.A. qualityB. quantityC. relationD. manner54.The pair of words“ north ” and“ south ” is ___.A. gradable oppositesB. relational oppositesC. co-hyponymsD. synonyms55.Which of the following sentences is NOT an example of cross-association?A. other / anotherB. much / manyC. stalagmite / stalagtiteD. bow / bow56.describes whether a proposition is true or false.A. TruthB. Truth valueC. Truth conditionD. Falsehood57."John sent Mary a post card." is a case ofA. one-place predicationB. two-place predicationC. three-place predicationD. no-place predication58."John killed Bill but Bill didn't die" is a( n)A. entailmentB. presuppositionC. anomalyD. contradiction59.refers to the process whereby a word is shortened without a change in the meaning and in thepart of speech.A. BlendingB. Back-formationC. ClippingD. Conversion60.Which of the following aspects is NOT the core of the study of general linguistics?A. soundB. structureC. meaningD. applicationⅣ.True of false judgment.Judge whether the following statements are true or false. Write T in the correspondingbracket for a true statement and F for a false one.1.Linguistics studies languages in general , but not any particular language , e.g. English ,Chinese, Arabic , and Latin , etc. T2.Modern linguistics regards the written language as the natural or primary medium ofhuman language. F3.In narrow transcription , we transcribe the speech sounds with letter-symbols only while inbroad transcription we transcribe the speech sounds with letter-symbols together with thediacritics. T4.By diachronic study we mean to study the changes and development of language. T5.T6.Of the three phonetics branches , the longest established one , and until recently the mosthighly developed , is acoustic phonetics. F7.The meaning of the word “ seal in”the sentence “ theseal could not be found ”cannot bedetermined unless the context in which the sentence occurs is restored. T8.An Innatist view of language acquisition holds that human beings are biologically programmedfor language. T9.According to co-operative principle , the conversational participants have to strictly observethe four maxims , so that the conversation can go on successfully. F10.The same word may stir up different association in people under different cultural background.T11.T12. F13.Modern linguistics is mostly descriptive. T14. Since there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds , language is absolutelyarbitrary. F15.Vowels may be distinguished as front,central and back according to the manner of articulation.F16.Applied linguistics is the application of linguistic principles and theories to languageteaching and learning. F17. F18.All the affixes belong to bound morphemes. T19.A polysemic word is the result of the evolution of the primary meaning of the word. T20. According to the innatist view of language acquisition,only when the language is modifiedand adjusted to the level of children F’21.T22.According to Austin , the performative utterance is used to perform an action, it also has truthvalue. F23.Children can learn their native language well whenever they start and whatever kinds oflanguage samples they receive. F24.Duality is one of the characteristics of human language. It refers to the fact that languagehas two levels of structures: the system of sounds and the system of meanings. T25.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situationswhile linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense. FⅤ.Give a short answer to each of the following questions.1.Sense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of word meaning. Whatare they and how are they related to each other? P662.According to Halliday , what is register? What are the social variables that determine theregister? P117-1183.P8-94. Give a brief illustration to the“ semantic triangle” suggestedcharsby.P63Ogden-64 and Ri Ⅵ. Essay question.1.According to Austin , what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making anutterance? Give an example to illustrate this? P80-822.What are the four maxims of the CP? Illustrate with examples how flouting these maxims givesrise to conversational implicature? P85-883.Please observe the following sentences; all of them are not well formed. What rules does eachof the following sentences violate? And what are the two aspects in terms of sentence meaning?Please illustrate briefly.1)He ated the cake yesterday.2)We will gone to Beijing tomorrow.3)The table intended to marry the chair.4)My favorite fruit is red pears.Please take a look at the section 5.5.2 (page 73) to the first paragraph on page 74.1.The meaning of sentence And it includes both grammatical meaning and semantic meaning.2.The grammatical meaning of a sentence refers to its grammaticality , which is governed by thegrammatical rules of the language. Any violation can result in mistakes , making a sentenceunacceptable. Such as sentence 1) has a wrong word “ated”and 2) has “will gone ”;3.But grammatically well-formed sentences can still be unacceptable because whether asentence is semantically meaningful is decided by rules called selectional restrictions , in other words, constraints on what lexical items can go with what others. Some sentences may be grammatically well-formed , yet they may not be semantically meaningful because they contain words which are not supposed to go together. For example, as we can find in sentence 3) and4), no table would intend to marry the chair unless in a children ’s story and there is no redpears usually in the world. Therefore , some selectional restrictions have been violated.。

2019-2020年九年级期末语文考试试卷(含答案)

2019-2020年九年级期末语文考试试卷(含答案)

2019-2020年九年级期末语文考试试卷(含答案)一、知识积累与运用(28分)1、下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()(2分)A.炽.热(chì)嗔.怒(zhēn)销.声匿迹(xiāo)戛.然而止(jiá)B.惬.意(qiè)诘.责(jié)鲜.为人知(xiān)锐不可当.(dāng)C.干涸.(hé)迸.裂(bèng)相形见绌.(chù)不省.人事(xǐng)D.取缔.(dì)畸.形(qí)惟妙惟肖.(xiào)恪.尽职守(kè)2、下列词语中书写有误的一项是()(2分)A.璀璨狼藉当之无愧锲而不舍B.蹒跚愧怍骇人听闻粗制滥造C.琐屑媲美诚惶诚恐一拍即合D.烦躁繁衍来势凶凶略胜一筹3、下列加点词语使用不恰当的一项是()(2分)A.王教授德高望重,道貌岸然....,在学术界很受人尊重。

B.向别人学习要有恭恭敬敬、老老实实的态度,自命清高....是不可能学有所成的。

C.罪犯在作案时不可能不留下蛛丝马迹....。

D.永远不要对他人的苦难无动于衷....,因为谁也无法保证下一个不是你。

4、下列句子中没有语病的一项是()(2分)A.一个人工作能力的高低,不在于他掌握了多少知识,关键看他做出突出的贡献。

B.他一走进运动场就感受到热烈的气氛和一张张快乐的笑脸。

C.真正地亲近自然,融入自然,这样,我们的情感就会更加丰富,我们的生活就会更加美好。

D.我们要引导广大青少年学生用美的心灵去感受世界,用美的眼光去聆听世界。

5、下列有关文学常识的说法有误的一项是()(2分)A.《孟子》是儒家经典著作,记录了孟子的仁政、民本等政治主张。

B.《水浒传》故事情节紧张、生动、富于传奇性。

其中武松拳打镇关西、鲁智深倒拔垂杨柳、宋江智取生辰纲等故事脍炙人口。

C.雨果,法国作家,代表作有长篇小说《巴黎圣母院》《九三年》《悲惨世界》等。

2019学年高一汉语文下学期期末考试试题 人教 目标版

2019学年高一汉语文下学期期末考试试题 人教 目标版

2019学年高一汉语文下学期期末考试试题(满分100分考试时间120分钟)(满分100分考试时间120分钟请将答案做在答题卷上)一、基础知识:(本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)1.下列各组加点字读音全部正确的一项是:()A. 头衔.(xián)吝.惜(lìnɡ)磐.石(pán)崎岖.(qù)B. 滑稽.(jī)瞌.睡(kē)解剖.(pōu)苛.责(kē)C. 脸颊.(xiá)谛.听(dì)惋.惜(wàn)口哨.(shào)D. 蛮横.(hénɡ)门槛.(kǎn)干瘪.(biě)怯懦.(xū)2.下列各句中有错别字的一句是:()A. 石拱桥的桥洞成弧形,就像虹。

B. 山如眉黛,小屋恰似眉梢的志一点。

C. 忽然抚尺一下,群响毕绝。

D. 在乌云密布的天幕上,你们无畏地向前……3.下列各项加点的字,读音完全相同的一项是:()A.力量.胆量.量.刑量.体裁衣B.露.面露.宿泄露.原形毕露.C.酝酿.粮.食良.好琳琅.满目D.占.卜沾.光粘.贴拈.轻怕重4.下列对加点词在句中的含义解释有误的一项是:()A. 桥上的石栏石板也雕刻得古朴..美观。

古朴:朴素而有古代风格。

B. 有些批评家说,中国的诗人都带有很浓厚的颓废..色彩。

颓废:意志消沉,精神萎靡。

C. 扎西是个有教养..、有见识的人。

教养:文化和品德的修养。

D.贝多芬那深邃的眼睛略带灰色,有一种凝重..不可逼视的光。

凝重:模糊不清。

5.下列加点成语运用正确的一项是:()A、你们有不明白的地方,要及时向老师请教,要做到不耻下问....。

B、扎西在数学课上看语文,而在语文课上看数学,真是学而不厌....。

C、高中生要正确面对挫折和失败,不能怨天尤人....,自暴自弃。

D、巴桑真的很喜欢读中外名著,简直是执迷不悟....。

6.下列对病句的修改有误的一项是:()A.我们只有保持良好的心态,认真复习,就能在考场上正常发挥,取得好成绩。

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语言与文化一、单选题(题数:40,共分)1被称作“美国人类学之父”的是()。

(分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、康托尔D、鲍亚士正确答案: D2 “名无固宜,约之以命。

约定俗成谓之宜,异于约则谓之不宜。

”出自哪位文学家()(分)A、荀子B、孔子C、孟子D、老子正确答案: A3 ()是西藏那曲中“曲”的藏语含义。

(分)A、湖泊B、河流C、丘陵D、山峰正确答案: B4 “包氏父子”属于哪种所指关系()(分)A、无限集B、空集C、不定集D、有限集正确答案: D5 ()是英语、汉语、傣语的亲属称谓中都有区分的语义特征。

(分)A、血缘B、长幼C、远近D、性别正确答案: A6首先发现了最大序数悖论的数学家是()。

(分)A、康托尔B、布拉里·福蒂C、华罗庚D、塞万提斯正确答案: A7语言起源的多元论指的是早期智人第几次走出非洲()(分)A、第四次B、第三次C、第二次D、第一次正确答案: C8我国哪位思想家提出过符号任意性原则()(分)A、孔子B、孟子C、老子D、荀子正确答案: D9自相论认为语言系统体现了人类什么能力()(分)A、语言能力B、后天经验能力C、语言能力和后天经验能力的交互作用。

D、遗传正确答案: C10 “语言是有限规则和单位生成无限的句子”这句话出自于哪位语言学家()(分)A、索绪尔B、洪堡特C、乔姆斯基D、韩里德正确答案: C11智人走出非洲称为()。

(分)A、第一次走出非洲B、第二次走出非洲C、第三次走出非洲D、第四次走出非洲正确答案: B12在语言中形成的最为高级的语言是什么()(分)A、符号B、英语C、汉语D、数学正确答案: D13 ()是指由词演变成词组的过程。

(分)A、虚化B、语法化C、词汇化D、组合正确答案: C14下列哪类人的进化程度更高()(分)A、北京人B、元谋人C、山顶洞人D、蓝田人正确答案: C15沃尔夫的()观点认为“同一个物理证据,并不是所有的观察者都得到相同的宇宙图式,除非他们的语言背景相同或相似。

”(分)A、语言共相论B、语言相对论C、语言自相论D、文化相对论正确答案: B16茶马古道路过的中甸是现在的()地区。

(分)A、丽江束河镇B、香格里拉C、西藏那曲D、云南大理正确答案: B17 ()从语义的角度区分了句子的阶层,认为语义悖论可以通过区分对象语言和元语言来解决的。

(分)A、布拉里·福蒂B、康托尔C、哥德尔D、塔尔斯基正确答案:D18被定义为“发生在意识结构内的当代动作科幻片”是()。

(分)A、《阿凡达》B、《盗梦空间》C、《奇异博士》D、《雪国列车》正确答案: B19 “镞矢之疾而有不行不止之时”,这体现中国哲学重视()。

(分)A、比喻B、智性C、夸张D、悟性正确答案: D20 ()是唐代文成公主进藏的路线与茶马古道相重合的部分。

(分)A、丝绸之路B、蜀身毒道C、远征古道D、唐蕃古道正确答案: D21下列哪项不属于语言与个体思维发展阶段()(分)A、前语言思维B、语言思维C、超语言思维D、中语言思维正确答案: D22我国的()最早从语言的角度分析悖论原因。

(分)A、老子B、墨子C、孔子D、荀子正确答案: B23 ()的宗族关系最为复杂。

(分)A、傣语B、英语C、汉语D、三项一样复杂正确答案: C24语言具有(),这是人类语言具有意境性的根本原因所在。

(分)A、任意性B、递归性C、还原生成性D、语义的不确定性正确答案:C25严式语言包括()。

(分)A、汉语B、英语C、粤语D、北京话正确答案: B26方言的形成有几种形式()(分)A、两种B、三种C、四种D、五种正确答案: A27 ()是一种语言最根本的核心部分。

(分)A、词集B、语音C、文字D、以上各项都不是正确答案: A28 ()是非洲智人最早移动到的大洲。

(分)A、南美洲B、欧洲C、美洲D、亚洲正确答案: D29 “每种语言中都会有自己的世界观”出自哪位语言学家口中()(分)A、洪堡特B、索绪尔C、乔姆斯基D、康托尔正确答案: A30 “丝绸之路”在早期的名称是西域道,“丝绸之路”的名称是由()提出的。

(分)A、李希霍芬B、张骞C、唐太宗D、希区柯克正确答案: A31 ()是文化中最基本的成分。

(分)A、句子B、语素C、词D、词组正确答案: B32汉文化流中的文化活动不包括()。

(分)A、诗歌B、数学C、戏剧D、史诗正确答案: A33海德格尔认为人类存在方式最根本的是什么()(分)A、语言B、物质C、精神D、文化正确答案: A34 ()是汉民族的思维模式。

(分)A、悟性B、理性C、感性D、智性正确答案:A35下列选项中,亲属称谓对立系统中的语义特征不包括()。

(分)A、血缘B、长幼C、性别D、职业正确答案: D36下列河流中,茶马古道没有经过的河流是()。

(分)A、怒江B、澜沧江C、金沙江D、钱塘江正确答案: D37人类进化的第三个阶段是什么人()(分)A、能人B、早期智人C、南猿D、直立人正确答案: D38直立人从非洲移动到欧洲的时间是()。

(分)A、大约距今100万年前B、大约距今90万年前C、大约距今70万年前D、大约距今80万年前正确答案: B39 ()里说:“昔者仓颉作书而天雨粟,鬼夜哭。

”最能表示文字的神力的是符号。

(分)A、《大学》B、《中庸》C、《尚书》D、《淮南子》正确答案: D40萨丕尔的代表作是()。

(分)A、《语言论》B、《人类语言结构》C、《哲学研究》D、《逻辑哲学论》正确答案: A二、多选题(题数:15,共分)1人类的哪些能力体现了语言认知的共相层面()(分)A、语言能力B、编码能力C、单位的还原生产能力D、富豪能力正确答案:BC2下列哪项不是语言范畴化的深度发展方向()(分)A、词-形态-虚词B、形态-词-虚词C、虚词-词-形态D、词-虚词-形态正确答案:ABC3下列哪项不是语言演化最重要的观察角度之一()(分)A、语言接触B、语言起源C、语言分化D、语言融合正确答案:BCD4范畴化的深度由哪些东西来体现()(分)A、文本B、句子C、词组D、语素正确答案:ABCD5观察人类语言和动物语言最重要的窗口有下列哪项()(分)A、意近性B、语言任意性C、还原生成性D、两层性正确答案:BC6德国人类学家法兰兹·鲍亚士他开创了人类学的四大分支是()。

(分)A、体质人类学B、语言学C、考古学D、文化人类学正确答案:ABCD7非洲假说的两个层次是什么()(分)A、直立人走出非洲B、非洲人走出非洲C、猿人走出非洲D、智人走出非洲正确答案:AD8语言的能力和语言的普遍性最重要的是以下哪几方面()(分)A、符号任意性B、意近性C、还原生成性D、两层性正确答案:AC9不是非洲智人开始走出非洲的时间是()。

(分)A、10万年前B、13万年前C、15万年前D、20万年前正确答案:ABC10语言能力通过人类什么能力表现出来()(分)A、有限单位生成无限句子能力B、有限规则生成无限句子能力C、无限单位生成有限句子能力D、无限规则生成有限句子能力正确答案:AB11直立人分布在以下哪几个洲()(分)A、非洲B、欧洲C、亚洲D、美洲正确答案:ABC12马帮的三大要素包括()。

(分)A、人B、马C、货物D、时间正确答案:ABC13词的语音形式A和意义B的关系是()。

(分)A、任意的B、没有必然联系C、没有因果联系D、指定的正确答案:ABC14《堂吉诃德》的作者不包括()。

(分)A、布拉里·福蒂B、康托尔C、哥德尔D、塞万提斯正确答案:ABC15在沃尔夫提出的隐形范畴中,it可指代哪些动物()(分)A、鸟B、鱼C、小动物D、火鸡正确答案:ABC三、判断题(题数:30,共分)1变异值越大,越可能是出现最早的群体。

()(分)正确答案:√2猿猴的行为最接近人类的行为,它们智力发达。

()(分)正确答案:×3汉语的被动不能省略,但是量词可以省略。

()(分)正确答案:×4语言与脑容量的关系是负相关。

()(分)正确答案:×5 “一尺之楼,日取其半,万世不竭”表达的是极限思想。

()(分)正确答案:√6语言符号是任意的。

()(分)正确答案:√7上古汉语中严式范畴较少,但是随着语言发展逐渐增多。

()(分)正确答案:×8沃尔夫是萨丕尔的老师。

()(分)正确答案:×9真正的元语言不是来自于经验而是来自于定义。

()(分)正确答案:×10直立人移动路线是由非洲到欧洲再到美洲。

()(分)正确答案:×11共相论主张语言能力是由遗传决定的。

()(分)正确答案:√12在汉语和英语中,同辈亲属称谓词中都会区分长幼和性别。

()(分)正确答案:×13沃尔夫认为欧洲人都是具有相同的世界图式。

()(分)正确答案:√14越先学会语言就越聪明。

()(分)正确答案:×15汉族的宗族系统更复杂,这点可以通过英、汉亲属称谓的对比可知。

()(分)正确答案:√16思维方法导致了语言普遍性的产生。

()(分)正确答案:×17一般的非人或者动物从感知层面认识世界。

()(分)正确答案:√18西南官话形成的重要基础是茶马古道。

()(分)正确答案:√19语言文化共相论研究的是整个人类语言有什么共性的问题。

()(分)正确答案:√20汉语可以用空间的词来表示时间。

()(分)正确答案:√21语言既可以浇铸思维轨迹,也可以决定思维模式。

()(分)正确答案:×22黑猩猩的符号任意性不彻底在于它不会自动编码。

()(分)正确答案:√23在严式语言中,严式语法形式可以省略。

()(分)正确答案:×24汉文化是一种分析性思维模式。

()(分)正确答案:×25非洲假说是人类起源最有可能的假说之一。

()(分)正确答案:√26最初始的元语言是由我们的自然语言来说的。

()(分)正确答案:√27替代说表明我们要么是北京人的后代,要么是蓝田人或元谋人的后代。

()(分)正确答案:×28茶马古道除了运输茶叶,还运输其他物品。

()(分)正确答案:√29洪堡特认为语言是一种创造性的活动。

()(分)正确答案:√30哥德尔提出了不完全定理。

()(分)正确答案:√。

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