英语写作大纲
英文作文提纲示范
英文作文提纲示范提纲：主题，我的英语学习经历。
1. 英语学习的起点和动机。
2. 英语学习的过程和方法。
3. 英语学习的成果和收获。
4. 英语学习的未来计划。
英文：1. My English learning journey started when I was in primary school. At that time, I was fascinated by the English songs and cartoons on TV. I wanted to understand the lyrics and dialogues, so I asked my parents to enroll me in an English training center. 。
中文，我的英语学习之旅始于我上小学的时候。
那时候，我对电视上的英文歌曲和卡通片很着迷，想要理解歌词和对话，于是我请求父母让我去报名参加英语培训班。
2. In the beginning, I learned English mainly through memorizing vocabulary and grammar rules. However, I foundit hard to apply what I've learned in real-life situations. Later on, I realized that the key to mastering a languageis to practice speaking and listening. Therefore, I started to watch English movies and TV shows, listen to English podcasts, and speak with my foreign friends. 。
中文，一开始，我主要通过背单词和语法规则来学习英语。
2024英语写作大纲
2024英语写作大纲Introduction:The importance of English writing skillsWhy a writing outline is necessaryI. Developing Writing SkillsA. Building a strong foundation in vocabulary and grammar1. Expanding vocabulary through reading and word exercises2. Mastering grammar rules through practice and studyB. Understanding different types of writing1. Narration2. Description3. Exposition4. ArgumentationC. Enhancing critical thinking1. Analyzing and evaluating information2. Organizing thoughts and ideas logically3. Developing coherent argumentsII. Structure of an English EssayA. Introduction1. Attracting the reader's attention with a hook2. Providing background information and context3. Presenting a clear thesis statementB. Body paragraphs1. Topic sentences to introduce main ideas2. Supporting details and evidence3. Transitions to ensure smooth flow between paragraphsC. Conclusion1. Summarizing main points2. Restating the thesis statement3. Offering a concluding thought or call to actionIII. Writing Techniques and StrategiesA. Using descriptive language1. Creating vivid images with sensory details2. Metaphors and similes to convey meaningB. Varying sentence structures and lengths1. Using simple, compound, and complex sentences2. Avoiding repetitive sentence patternsC. Employing persuasive techniques1. Appealing to emotions and personal experiences2. Providing facts and statistics for credibility3. Addressing counterarguments and refuting them effectively IV. Editing and ProofreadingA. Revision process1. Reviewing the overall structure and coherence2. Checking for clarity and logical flow3. Evaluating word choice and sentence structureB. Grammar and spelling check1. Using grammar tools and references2. Double-checking for typos and spelling errorsC. Peer feedback and professional editing1. Seeking input from peers and instructors2. Engaging professional editors to ensure quality Conclusion:The significance of following an English writing outline Continuous practice and improvement for effective writing The role of writing skills in academic and professional success Note:This outline is not following any specific format (such as "essay" or "contract") as mentioned in the instructions since the topic provided is about an English writing curriculum or syllabus for 2024.。
2023年中考英语写作考试大纲
2023年中考英语写作考试大纲一、写作考试的目的和要求2023年中考英语写作考试旨在检验学生的英语表达能力和应用能力，要求学生能够用英语正确、流利地表达自己的意见和观点，并且能够合理组织文章结构，语法正确，词汇丰富。
二、写作考试的题材和范围1. 个人经历：学生可以根据自己的真实或虚构的个人经历，进行生活感悟、人物描写等。
2. 社会热点：学生可以根据社会上的热点事件，发表自己的看法，阐述观点等。
3. 书信和邮件：学生可以运用书信和邮件的格式，进行交际应用，表达感谢、邀请、建议等。
三、写作考试的评分细则1. 内容和观点：对主题的理解和把握，观点的合理性和质量。
2. 表达和语法：词汇的准确性、语法的正确性、句子的连贯性和流畅性。
3. 结构和组织：文章结构的合理性，段落的划分和过渡，逻辑的连贯性。
4. 书写和格式：规范的书写格式，包括字迹工整、标点正确、段落层次清晰等。
四、写作考试的备考建议1. 多读、多写：通过阅读优秀的英语文章，积累词汇和句型，并多进行写作练习，提高自己的写作水平。
2. 注意语法和拼写：学生要注意英语语法和拼写的准确性，可以通过复习英语语法和逐步积累词汇来提高写作水平。
3. 练习写作结构：学生可以通过模仿和练习各种文章结构，提高自己的写作组织能力，例如使用三段式结构（引言、主体、结论）。
4. 注意书写格式：学生要掌握规范的书写格式，包括缩进、标点符号和段落划分等，使文章整洁美观。
五、写作考试的注意事项1. 注意题目要求：学生在写作时要仔细阅读题目要求，确保自己理解准确，不偏离主题。
2. 合理安排时间：在考试时合理安排写作时间，确保每个环节都有足够的时间进行准备和拟稿。
3. 多审查修改：在写作完成后，要对文章进行仔细审查和修改，确保语法准确、表达流畅，排除错误。
六、写作考试的示例请根据以下提示内容，写一篇以"环境保护"为主题的文章。
提示：1. 描述你身边的一种环境污染现象；2. 分析产生这种现象的原因；3. 提出改善环境的建议。
基础英语写作中的作文大纲
基础英语写作中的作文大纲 Outline for a Basic English Essay。
I. Introduction。
General statement about the topic。
Thesis statement。
II. Body。
Supporting point 1。
Supporting point 2。
Supporting point 3。
III. Conclusion。
Restate thesis statement。
Summarize supporting points。
Concluding statement。
Sample Essay:The Importance of Learning English。
English is a global language that is spoken by millions of people all over the world. It is the language of business, science, and technology, and it is also the language of international communication. Learning Englishis essential for anyone who wants to succeed in today's world. In this essay, I will discuss the importance of learning English and the benefits that it can bring.Firstly, learning English can open up manyopportunities for personal and professional growth. English is the language of international business, and many companies require their employees to speak English fluently. By learning English, you can improve your chances ofgetting a better job and advancing in your career. You can also communicate with people from different countries and cultures, which can broaden your horizons and help you to understand the world better.Secondly, learning English can improve your cognitive skills and mental agility. Studies have shown that learning a second language can improve your memory, concentration, and problem-solving abilities. It can also delay the onset of dementia and other age-related cognitive decline. By learning English, you can exercise your brain and improve your overall mental health.Finally, learning English can enhance your travel experiences and help you to connect with people from different backgrounds. English is the most widely spoken language in the world, and it is the language of tourism. By speaking English, you can communicate with people in different countries and make new friends. You can also enjoy the culture and traditions of different countries more fully if you can understand the language.In conclusion, learning English is essential for anyone who wants to succeed in today's world. It can open up many opportunities for personal and professional growth, improve your cognitive skills and mental agility, and enhance your travel experiences. By learning English, you can become a more well-rounded and successful person.。
英语通用作文提纲
英语通用作文提纲英文回答：In the realm of language, I have always been drawn to the universality of English. Its global reach extends far beyond its origins, becoming a lingua franca that connects people across cultures, continents, and oceans.My fascination with English began at a young age, ignited by the allure of unlocking a world of literature, music, and film. Through the pages of Jane Austen, the melodies of Bob Dylan, and the cinematic brilliance of Stanley Kubrick, English opened doors to endless realms of imagination and understanding.As I delved deeper into the study of English, I discovered its remarkable adaptability. It is a language that is constantly evolving, absorbing new words and phrases from countless sources. This fluidity allows it to capture the nuances of human experience, from the mostprofound emotions to the everyday realities of life.Moreover, English has played a pivotal role in my own journey of self-discovery. Through writing, I have found a voice to express my thoughts, feelings, and aspirations. It has empowered me to connect with others, share my experiences, and contribute to a broader global conversation.中文回答：在语言的领域，我一直被英语的通用性所吸引。
2023考研英语二写作大纲
2023考研英语二写作大纲
摘要：
1.写作类型与要求
2.评分标准与原则
3.写作技巧与策略
4.实践演练与范文解析
正文：
一、写作类型与要求
1.短文写作：根据所给情景或图表，撰写一篇短文。
字数要求为150-180字。
2.论述文写作：针对某一话题或观点，进行论述。
字数要求为200-250字。
二、评分标准与原则
1.内容准确，条理清晰，语言通顺，表达完整。
2.语法正确，词汇丰富，句式多样。
3.字数符合要求，不超过上限。
4.论述文要求有明确的观点，论据充分，论证合理。
三、写作技巧与策略
1.审题准确，抓住要点。
2.构思清晰，确定文章结构。
3.开头段落引入话题，正文段落论述观点，结尾段落总结全文。
4.使用恰当的过渡词汇，使文章连贯。
5.注意行文规范，避免抄袭。
四、实践演练与范文解析
1.针对不同类型的写作题目，进行实践演练。
2.分析范文，了解优秀文章的结构、语言和表达方式。
3.对照评分标准，自我评估，不断提高写作水平。
2024河南中考英语作文大纲
探索未来：2024河南中考英语作文解析与备考策略As the countdown begins for the 2024 Henan Junior High School Entrance Exam, students across the province are busy preparing for the upcoming challenge, especially in the English section. The English essay, being a significantpart of the exam, requires meticulous planning and practice to ace. This article aims to guide students through the essay requirements, analyzing the likely themes andoffering preparation strategies to help them excel.**一、了解考试要求**Familiarizing oneself with the exam requirements is crucial. The 2024 Henan Junior High School Entrance Exam English essay section typically评估学生的语言表达能力、逻辑思维能力以及对问题的深入分析能力。
Essays are often structured around real-life situations or topics related to school life, society, and personal experiences. Students should pay attention to the word count, format, and grading criteria to ensure their essays meet the expected standards. **二、分析可能主题**Given the focus on real-life applications, students should expect essay topics that are relevant and contemporary. Topics could range from environmental protection, technology and its impact on daily life, to social issues such as bullying and cyber security. Understanding these potential themes will help students prepare more effectively.**三、备考策略****1. 积累词汇和句型**：A rich vocabulary and variety of sentence structures are essential for writing an impressive essay. Students should regularly practice using new words and complex sentences in their writing.**2. 阅读优秀范文**：Reading well-written essays can provide valuable insights into effective writing techniques. Students can learn from the structure, language use, and ideas presented in these examples.**3. 练习写作**：Regular practice is key to improving writing skills. Students should attempt to write essays on different topics, focusing on time management and adheringto the word count.**4. 反思与修改**：After completing an essay, students should take time to reflect on their work and identify areas for improvement. Seeking feedback from teachers or peers can also be beneficial.**四、结语**Preparing for the 2024 Henan Junior High School Entrance Exam English essay section requires a strategic approach. By understanding the exam requirements, analyzing potential themes, and implementing effective preparation strategies, students can confidently face this challenge and achieve their desired results. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep writing and refining your essays to excel in this section!**探索未来：2024河南中考英语作文解析与备考策略** 随着2024年河南中考的倒计时开始，全省的学生们正在为即将到来的挑战紧张备考，尤其是英语作文部分。
英语作文大纲怎么写
英语作文大纲怎么写I. IntroductionA. Hook: Begin with a thought-provoking question or an interesting fact to engage the reader.B. Thesis statement: Clearly state the main argument orthe purpose of the essay.II. Body ParagraphsA. Paragraph 11. Topic sentence: Introduce the first main point.2. Explanation: Explain the point in detail.3. Evidence: Provide examples or facts to support the point.4. Analysis: Analyze how the evidence supports the point.5. Transition: Lead to the next point.B. Paragraph 21. Topic sentence: Introduce the second main point.2. Explanation: Elaborate on the point.3. Evidence: Present relevant examples or data.4. Analysis: Discuss the significance of the evidence.5. Transition: Connect to the following point.C. Paragraph 31. Topic sentence: Present the third main point.2. Explanation: Describe the point comprehensively.3. Evidence: Cite appropriate examples or research.4. Analysis: Evaluate the evidence's impact on the point.5. Transition: Smoothly transition to the conclusion.III. Counterargument (Optional)A. Acknowledgement: Recognize the opposing viewpoint.B. Refutation: Provide reasons why the opposing view is less valid.C. Reinforcement: Strengthen the writer's position with additional arguments.IV. ConclusionA. Restate thesis: Briefly reiterate the main argument.B. Summarize main points: Concisely review the key arguments.C. Implications: Discuss the broader significance of the essay.D. Closing thought: End with a call to action or a compelling final statement.V. Format and StyleA. Structure: Use a clear and logical organization.B. Clarity: Ensure that each point is easy to understand.C. Consistency: Maintain a consistent tone and style throughout the outline.VI. Final TipsA. Review: Double-check the outline for coherence and flow.B. Edit: Make necessary adjustments to improve clarity and effectiveness.C. Practice: Use the outline to guide the writing of the full essay.。
高考英语写作题目大纲2024版
高考英语写作题目大纲2024版一、图表描述类1、描述某地区近十年的人口变化趋势要求考生观察并分析所给的图表，清晰地阐述人口数量的增减情况以及可能的原因。
可以从经济发展、政策影响、环境因素等方面进行分析。
2、某城市不同交通工具的使用比例考生需要描述不同交通工具（如公交车、私家车、地铁、自行车等）的使用比例。
探讨影响人们选择交通工具的因素，如便捷性、成本、环保意识等。
3、某学校学生参加课外活动的情况展示学生参与各类课外活动（如体育、艺术、科技等）的比例。
分析参与程度不同的原因，以及课外活动对学生综合素质的影响。
二、观点阐述类1、高中生是否应该带手机上学要求考生明确表达自己的观点，支持或反对，并给出充分的理由。
可以从学习影响、沟通便利、安全管理等角度进行论述。
2、线上学习与线下学习的优劣比较考生需分析线上学习和线下学习各自的优点和缺点。
结合自身经验，阐述哪种方式更适合高中生的学习。
3、高中生是否应该参加志愿者活动表达对高中生参加志愿者活动的看法，并说明其对个人成长和社会的意义。
三、书信类1、给笔友介绍自己的家乡描述家乡的地理位置、自然风光、特色美食等。
分享家乡的文化传统和自己在家乡的生活经历。
2、给外教写一封信，请教如何提高英语口语说明自己在英语口语学习方面的困惑和问题。
希望外教能给出一些实用的建议和学习方法。
3、给父母写一封信，表达感恩之情回忆父母为自己付出的点点滴滴。
表达自己对父母的爱和感激之情，并承诺会努力回报。
四、故事类1、一次难忘的旅行经历讲述旅行的目的地、行程安排。
描述途中遇到的有趣的人或事，以及这次旅行给自己带来的收获。
2、克服困难的经历描述遇到的困难是什么，自己当时的感受和想法。
讲述如何努力克服困难，以及从中得到的启示。
3、一个感人的瞬间描绘那个感人瞬间发生的场景和背景。
解释为什么这个瞬间让自己深受感动，以及它对自己的影响。
五、通知类1、学校运动会的通知包括运动会的时间、地点、比赛项目、报名方式等重要信息。
学术英语写作大纲
学术英语写作大纲(共8页) -本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-Academic Writing (3 credits )Module syllabus1.Unit descriptionAcademic writing is the study of how to organize a research paper appropriately, including the choosing of a topic, the layout of the thesis and the outline, using of the library and computer to do the research, revising of the rough draft and recognizing of three systems of documentation (MLA, APA, and CMS).This course is designed to help students learn how to write aresearch paper and to lay a foundation for writing more advanced academic papers in English for their future career. The course is an essential guide to effective academic writing in English.Through the course, the students will learn to write a research paper, which has great benefits to their future research fields. Meanwhile, students can develop their abilities of strong logic and critical thinking towards an issue, and it means more for their work and study. The academic writing skills and reasoning ability absolutely will lay the forceful foundation for the students’ future career.On successful completion of the module, learners will be able to:• List the basic information about the research paper• Set up a sensible framework of a research paper• Carry out a research with the help of the computer• Transform the notes into a rough draft and navigate the revision process• Recognize the documentation styles of the MLA, APA, and CMS2.Pre-requisite units and assumed knowledgeNone.3.Learning aims and OutcomesLearning outcome 1List the basic information about the research paper.ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:a. Define the research paper.b. Differentiate the report paper and the thesis paper.c. State the steps and schedule of writing the research paper. Learning outcome 2Set up a sensible framework of a research paper.ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:a.Manage to choose a proper topic.b.Write the thesis statement accurately.c.Construct the outline reasonably.Learning Outcome 3Carry out a research with the help of the computer.ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:a.Judge the credibility of online sources.b.List useful internet sites.c.Assemble a working bibliography.d.Collect information through skimming.Learning Outcome 4Transform the notes into a rough draft and navigate the revision process.ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:a.Write the rough draft with unity, coherence, and emphasis.b.Revise the opening paragraph.c.Revise sentences for variety and style.d.Revise words: Diction.Learning Outcome 5Recognize the documentation styles of the MLA, APA, and CMS.ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:a.Memorize the format for “worked Cited” (MLA).b.List the format for “References” (APA).c.Recall the footnotes and endnotes in CMS.4.Weighting of final gradeAttendance 10%Class Participation 10%Final Exam 20%Midterm Exams 20%Written assignments 40%5. GradingA 100- 95 A- 94-90 B+ 89-87B 86-83 B- 82-80 C+ 79-77C 76- 73 C- 72-70 D+ 69-67D 66-63 D- 62-60 F 59 or low6. PoliciesAttendance PolicyAttendance in class is mandatory for all students enrolled in the course. Any excused absence must be discussed directly with the teacher. Being late to class within 15 minutes will be recorded as 1 LATE and being late over 15 minutes will be recorded as l ABSENCE. 3 LATES equal to 1 ABSENCE. 20 % absences of the total teaching hours will cause an F (a failing grade ) directly . However, students are still welcome to continue to attend class. F students have no right to drop this course anymore. Each unexcused absence will result inthe lowering of the attendance grade by 1 point. Each excused absence will result in the lowering of the attendance grade by point.Participation PolicyStudents should participate in their chosen classes actively and effectively. The Participation Grade is related to the Attendance Grade. Students' final attendance grade is the maximum of their participation grade. Participation grade will be based on a variety of factors including, but not limited to taking part in class discussions and activities, completing assignments, being able to answer questions correctly, obeying class rules, and being prepared for class, frequent visiting your instructors and chatting in English during their office hours is highly recommended.Policy on Assignments and QuizzesStudents should finish their assignments completely and punctually. Assignment should be submitted on the date appointed by the instructor. If a student cannot hand in the assignment on time, the reasonable excuse will be needed. Late assignments will receive a maximum grade of 80. An assignment that is late for 3 days will be corrected but receive 0.You are recommended print all your assignment in the uniform format with the heading of Student’s Pledge of no cheating. Written assignment or printed ones without the uniform heading of pledge will receive a maximum grade of 80.It is mandatory to have weekend assignment every week. Any weekend assignment should be submitted on first class of next week.It is mandatory to have holiday assignment on the public holidays. Any holiday assignment should be submitted on the first day on returning to school. Students are required to do a multitude of presentations during the course.PlagiarismAny form of Cheating is NEVER tolerated. Any Student ONCE Caught Cheating assignment or examination will receive a 0 for that particular work of the whole semester. At the beginning of the semester the definition of plagiarism will be carefully explained. When any thoughts or writings of another person are used, the sources must be clearly identified (using quotes, bibliography and giving reference) .Classroom Polices1.No eating, cellular phones, electronic dictionaries, smoking,chatting or drowsing in class.2.Please speak in English rather than Chinese in class.3.Students are not allowed to attend class without textbooks.4.Stand up when answering questions.5.Respect classmates’ ideas, opinions, and questions of yourclassmates.6.You are welcome to visit the instructor’s office in his/heroffice hours.7.Take good care of the laboratory facilities. Do not splash wateron the desktop.8.When each class is over, hang the earphone on the hanger. Put thetrash into the trash-bin.9.All your classroom involvement, performance and after-classcommunications with instructor will affect your participationscore.10.All communications with the teacher must be in English, bothinside and outside class time.7. Texts and other resourcesWinkler, Anthony C；McCuen-Metherell, Jo Ray(2008), “Writing the Research Paper: A Handbook”, Seventh Edition, Wadsworth Cengage Learning.8. Teaching methodsAssigned readings, class discussions, writing assignments, and revisions9. Week by week topic and study guideBasic Information about the Research PaperDefinition of the researchpaper. (1a)Format of the research paper.Reasons for the researchpaper.The report paper and thethesis paper. (1b)Drafts of the research paper.Writing the research paper:steps and schedule. (1c)Choosing a TopicHow to choose a topic. (2a)Topics to avoid.Narrowing the topic.The Thesis and the Outline The thesis: definition andfunction. (2b)The outline. (2c)Choosing an outline form.Using the Computer in Your ResearchComputers and the researchpaper.Online resources.Researching with searchengines.Evaluating internet sources.(3a)Using the Computer in Your ResearchRunning a research.Useful internet sites. (3b) Doing the ResearchWhat information to look for.Where to look forinformation.Assembling a workingbibliography. (3c)Doing the ResearchSelecting your sources:skimming. (3d)Note-taking.Plagiarism and how to avoidit.Transforming the Notes into aRough DraftPreparing to write the roughdraft: a checklist.How to use quotations toexplore and discover. (4a)Writing with unity,coherence, and emphasis. (4b)Transforming the Notes into aRough DraftUsing the proper tense. (4c)Using graphics in yourresearch paper. (4d)Writing the abstract.Revising Your Rough DraftPrinciples of revisionRevising the openingparagraph. (4e)Revising Your Rough DraftRevising sentences forvariety and style. (4f)Revising Your Rough DraftRevising words: Diction. (4g)Rules for writers.Introduce to Individual Assignment: Write a short research paper(less than 3000 words). Hand in both the rough draft and the reviseddraft.(Outcome 4)The MLA System of DocumentationFormat for “Works Cited”(MLA). (5a)Content notes.Finished form of thepaper.The APA System of DocumentationFormat for “References”.(5b)Finished form of the paper.Peer review checklist.The Traditional System of DocumentationFootnotes and endnotes. (5c)Subsequent reference infootnotes and endnotes.Finished form of the paper.Individual Assignment Due。
英语写作大纲的四个结构
英语写作大纲的四个结构
引言
英语写作作为一项基础技能，对学生的学习和发展具有重要意义。
在学习英语
写作过程中，掌握写作大纲结构是至关重要的。
本文将介绍英语写作大纲的四个结构，包括开头、中间、结尾和总结。
开头
一个好的英语写作作品，首先需要一个引人入胜的开头。
开头部分应该吸引读
者的注意力，引出文章的主题。
可以采用引言、问题、事例或统计数据等方式引出主题，激发读者的兴趣，让读者愿意继续阅读下去。
中间
英语写作的中间部分是文章的主体，是作者展开论述的关键部分。
在中间部分，作者需要合理组织思路，逻辑清晰地展开论述，并提供相关论据和例证支撑观点。
作者应该注意段落之间的过渡，保持文章结构的连贯性和一致性。
结尾
一个好的英语写作作品需要一个有力的结尾，以给读者留下深刻印象。
结尾部
分应该总结全文内容，回顾主要论点和论据，强调作者的观点或立场，并给读者留下值得思考的结论。
一个令人满意的结尾，可以提升整篇文章的质量。
总结
英语写作大纲的四个结构，即开头、中间、结尾和总结，在英语写作过程中起
着至关重要的作用。
一个好的开头可以引领读者进入文章的主题，中间部分展开论述并提供支撑，结尾给予读者深刻印象，总结全文内容。
只有合理运用这四个结构，才能写出优秀的英语作品。
通过学习和掌握英语写作大纲的结构，可以提高写作水平，使自己的文章更具
说服力和思想深度。
值得注意的是，不同类型的英语作品可能会有不同的结构要求，因此要灵活运用这四个结构，根据具体情况进行调整和改进。
英语提纲作文式模板
英语提纲作文式模板英文回答：1. Introduction。
Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic of the essay, which is the importance of education in modern society.Paragraph 2: State the thesis statement, which is that education is essential for personal growth, economic prosperity, and societal well-being.2. Body Paragraph 1。
Paragraph 3: Discuss the importance of education for personal growth.Paragraph 4: Provide examples of how education can foster critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills.3. Body Paragraph 2。
Paragraph 5: Discuss the importance of education for economic prosperity.Paragraph 6: Provide statistics on the correlation between education levels and income earning potential.Paragraph 7: Explain how education leads to job opportunities and entrepreneurial ventures.4. Body Paragraph 3。
Paragraph 8: Discuss the importance of education for societal well-being.Paragraph 9: Explain how education promotes social cohesion, reduces crime, and fosters civic engagement.Paragraph 10: Provide examples of how education contributes to a more informed and engaged citizenry.5. Conclusion。
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《英语写作I》
课程简介
课程编号：
课程名称：英语写作I
英文名称：English writing I
课程性质：学科基础课
开课对象：非英语专业
课程学分：
前修课程：
主要参考教材：
1.丁往道等，《英语写作手册》，外语教学与研究出版社，1994
2.杨立民等，《现代大学英语（基础写作）》，外语教学与研究出版社，2005
3.吴文仲等，《实用英语写作》，外语教学与研究出版社，1997.
课程简介：
本课的目的在于培养学生初步的英语写作能力，包括提纲、文章摘要、短文以及简单的应用文。
写作课的开设时间在三年级第二学期。
内容的安排从如何用词和句子结构入手，要求学生根据提示作文，或模仿范文写作，或根据一定的情景进行串写，进而过渡到掌握段落写作技巧、篇章布局和短文写作。
理论教学大纲
课程性质：
中（英）文课程名称：英语写作I （English Writing I）
学分：4
学时：40
一、讲授部分
第一章文稿格式
教学目的与要求
学习写作，应明确什么是好的文稿格式。
在标题的写法、纸边留空、段落开端的缩进、大写、词的移行等方面，都应遵照通行的规则。
不管写什么，都要细致、认真，写得或打得整齐干净，还要尽可能避免错误。
写好后，还要仔细校阅一两次，因为可能要做最后的改正或改动。
经常这样练习写作，必然会取得进步。
重点与难点
安排、标点
课时数：2
主要内容：
(1)安排
(2)移行
(3)大写
(4)标点（结合教材第十章标点符号）
(5)书法
第二章用词
教学目的与要求
从修辞学角度对词汇进行分类：一般／具体，正式／非正式，含蓄／非含蓄，文学／技术，修辞格，成语，典故，等等。
在认识各类语汇性质的基础上学习不同性质语汇的具体运用。
英语词汇极多：《牛津英语词典》收了四十多万个词。
当然并没有人认识或需要使用这么多词。
常人为了一般的目的只用其中很小的一部分。
学习用英语写作的学生应先学会使用最有用也最常用的词来表达自己的思想。
有时初学者会误用一些词，但他用的词往往并不全错，只是不恰当、不准确、不地道、或不生动有趣。
因而对选词的方法有基本的了解是会有帮助的。
重点与难点
修辞格
课时数：6
主要内容：
(1)词的类型
(2)词义
(3)一般词汇和具体词汇
(4)习语
第三章造句
教学目的与要求
写好句子是培养写作能力的基础，本章要求学生首先能写出语法正确，用词适当的句子，进而训练学生熟练掌握不同句型的运用。
重点与难点
本单元重点是英语的惯用法：固定句型，习惯用语。
这是英语“地道”的重要因素。
课时数：8
主要内容：
(1)完整句和不完整句
(2)句子的类型
(3)陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句
(4)简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句
(5)松散句、圆周句和对偶句
(6)短句和长句
(7)好的句子
(8)完整
(10)简洁
(11)强调
(12)多样
第四章段落
教学目的与要求
讲授如何写好一段文章，和与此有关的两大原则：一致性和连贯性，以及实现这些原则的具体方法。
一个段落既是一篇文章的组成部分，又是一个自成一体、相对独立的整体。
一个段落恰如一篇微型文章，它的内容应该完整、连贯并且展开得法。
内容完整就要求段落中的各句都紧紧围绕同一个中心或主题。
如有必要另辟主题则须重起一段。
内容连贯，则要求文字条理清晰，层次结构清楚，句与句之间有内在的逻辑关系。
另外，一个展开得法的段落应运用一种或几种恰当的展开方法。
段落的展开方法有多种，如通过比较和对比展开，或按过程顺序展开，等等。
段落的长短不一。
在一篇仅有600字的议论短文里，一个段落可能不超过百字，或在四至八句之间。
关键是，段落的长短要视全篇文章的需要而定，比如要看该文章的主题是什么，本段落在全文中处何位置，以及它在文章观点阐述过程中有何作用等。
一本书中的段落往往长于报刊上的段落。
长的段落通常用于表达比较复杂的主题，而短的段落有时不过是做一个过渡或进行一次概括，也有可能是用来强调某个观点。
有经验的作家常常有意使他们笔下的段落长短不一，以避免枯燥单调。
重点与难点
本单元学习的重点是如何写好一段文章，主要内容是（一段文章内的）展开模式。
课时数：14
主要内容：
(1)好的段落
(2)完整
(3)连贯
(4)过渡
(5)段落的展开法
(6)段落的设计
(7)按时间展开
(8)按过程展开
(9)按空间展开
(10)举例和归纳
(11)类比和对比
(12)原因和结果
(14)定义
(15)几种方法的结合
二、教材及参考书目
1．教材：本课程主要使用《英语写作手册》（丁往道等编，外语教学与研究出版社，1994）和《现代大学英语（基础写作）》（杨立民等编，外语教学与研究出版社，2005）作为教材。
2．主要参考书：
(1)吴文仲等，《实用英语写作》，外语教学与研究出版社，1997.
(2)冯翠华，《英语修辞大全》，外语教学与研究出版社，1996.
(3)王振昌等，《高级英语写作教程》，外语教学与研究出版社，1996.
(4)杨霞华，《英语写作与修辞》，安徽教育出版社，1990.
三、习题作业
课后练习；当堂写作练习和课后写作练习。
四、大纲说明
(一)本课程的特点以及在教学计划中的地位
本课程是英语专业重要的专业课程之一，英语写作课的目的在于培养学生初步的英语写作能力,包括提纲、文章摘要、短文以及简单的应用文。
写作课的开设时间可根据各校的情况，在二年级与三年级开设三或四学期，教学内容的安排可以从如何用词和句子结构入手，要求学生根据提示作文，或模仿范文写作，或根据一定的情景进行串写，进而过渡到掌握段落写作技巧、篇章布局和短文写作。
如有条件，还应进一步训练学生掌握各种文体及其篇章结构，如描写文、记述文、说明文和议论文等。
写作课与所有基础课密切相关，尤其是语法课。
写作课为翻译课提供主要基础：无法顺利用英文表达，意味着无法从事汉译英的翻译实践。
(二) 教学目的与要求
本课程是大学本科英语专业二年级的专业必修课。
通过本课程的学习，学生应逐步达到如下要求：
1、二级（初始要求）：能在30分钟内写出长度为120~150个单词的短文，内容切题，条理清楚，语言正确；能改写或缩写课文内容；能正确书写便条和通知等应用文。
2、四级：能根据作文题目、提纲或图表、数据等，在30分钟内写出长度为150~200个单词左右的短文，内容切题，结构严谨，条理清楚，语法正确，语言能顺，表达得体；并能根据提示在10分钟内写出长度为60个单词左右的应用文。
(三) 授课主要环节及考核办法
本课程是英语专业的重要实践课，应注重理论（写作知识）与实际的结合，多分析，多模仿优秀范文，尤其是当代优秀的范文。
该课程还应与学生今后的工作以及社会需要结合。
为此，应适当注重应用文体的写作和教学。
该课程还应为学生用英文撰写毕业论文服务。
期末考试，笔试，最终考试成绩包括期末测试成绩（70%）+平时成绩（30%）(四) 课程改革思路
打好扎实的语言基本功，注重各项语言技能的全面发展，突出语言交际能力的培养。
语言基本功的训练是英语教学的首要任务，必须贯穿于4年教学的全过程。
在注意听、说、读、写、译各项技能全面发展的同时，更应该突出说、写、译能力的培养。
加强学生思维能力和创新能力的培养。
专业课程教学中要有意识地训练学生分析与综合、抽象与概括、多角度分析问题等多种思维能力以及发现问题、解决难题等创新能力。
在教学中要正确处理语言技能训练和思维能力、创新能力培养的关系，两者不可偏废
专业课程的教学方法直接关系到学生各方面能力的培养与提高。
课堂教学应以学生为主体、教师为主导，改变过去以教师为中心的教学模式，注重培养学生的学习能力和研究能力。
在教学中要多开展以任务为中心的、形式多样的教学活动。
在加强基础训练的同时，采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，充分调动学生学习的积极性，激发学生的学习动机，最大限度地让学生参与学习的全过程。
引导学生主动积极地利用现有图书资料和网上信息，获取知识，并使学生在运用知识的过程中培养各种能力。
同时，要注意教学方法的多样性，要根据不同的教学对象、教学内容、教学目的和要求，选择相应的教学方法，并鼓励教师积极探索新的教学方法。