英语翻译 难点解析

汉译英重要句型
1. 状语从句
1） 如果你坚持不听我的话，我就是要惩罚你。
If you persist in ignoring what I （have） said， I will punish you.
2） 如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。
If you do not study hard／work hard at your studied，you will stand no chance of winning / it will not be possible／it will be impossible for you to win in the contest.
3） 如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事，他不可能高兴。
If he is compelled to do what he does not enjoy doing， he cannot be happy.
4） 不论他怎么说，我也不相信他。
Whatever he says， I won‘t believe him.
5） 有些星辰的密度（density）达到某一点就会爆炸。
Some stars explode when their density increases to a certain point.
6） 直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。
I didn‘t realize that language was closely related to culture until （quite） recently that language and culture were so closely related to each other.
Not until （quite） recently did I realize that language was closely related to culture.
7） 我工作了一整天，所以你来看我时，我很疲倦。
I was very tired / exhausted when you came to see me， for I had been working the whole day.
8） 随着研究技术变得更加先进，用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。
As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used in experiments will greatly decrease / decline / reduce / lower.
9） 虽然管理者不能预测未来，但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情。Although managers cannot predict the future， many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.
10） 爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。
Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable， so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.
11） 我因打破了眼镜，所以看不清当时发生了什么事。
I had broken my glasses （，） so I couldn‘t see what was happening.
I couldn‘t see what was happening because I had broken my glasses. / because of my broken glasses.
Because I had broken my glasses， I couldn‘t see what was happening.
12） 我更喜欢住在乡村，因为那里空气污染不太严重。
I prefer to live in the country in that the air pollution there is less serious.
2. 名词从句
2） 不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统社会。
It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society.
3） 你是否把所有的钱都从银行里取出来由你自己决定。
It‘s up to you whether you will withdraw all your money form the ban

k.
4） 他们是怎样按计划完成这项工程的仍然是个谜。
How they had completed the construction in time / as planned remained / is still a mystery.
5） 他能否按时到达，现在还不得而知。
It is not yet known／It is hard to say whether／if he will arrive／come on time.
6） 人们认为饭后散步有助消化。
It is believed that taking a walk after meals promotes digestion / is good to your stomach.
7） 他说的与事实完全相反。
What he said was totally opposed to the facts.
8） 科学家正在研究为什么白日梦（daydreaming）会有益于人们的健康。
Scientists are studying why daydreaming is beneficial/conducive to people‘s health.
9） 他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系。
The color of his skin is irrelevant to whether he is a good professor or not.
10） 那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。
The biologist is convinced / believes that some animal species are faced with the danger of extinction.
11） 我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。
I wonder if he can provide positive proof.
12） 爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。
Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable， so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.
13） 最新的研究成果表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。
Recent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life.
14）你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干。
What you said has nothing to do/has no relevance with what we are discussing.
3. 定语从句
1） 一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。
A person who appreciates / A person with appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.
2） 处理这项事务的政府部门没有做统计。
The government department that deals with this does not keep statistics.
3） 短缺并未严重到你报道的那种程度。
The shortage do not exist to the extent that you report.
4. 比较级和最高级
1） 快速旅行对人体的影响比我们意识到的要大得多。
The effects of rapid travel on the human body are much greater than we realize.
2） 一个社会的人口增长率越接近零，其人口便越老龄化。
The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the older its population is.
3） 近年来，计算机在各个领域的应用越来越广泛。
In recent years， the computer is finding wider and wider application in all fields.
4） 时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西。
Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to contro

l.
5）男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸。
On the average， men are higher than women by several inches/several inches higher than women.
6）这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。
The test was much more difficult than we had expected.
5. 动词
1） 众所周知，即使同样的休闲活动，不同的人可能使用的方式也不相同。
It is well known that even the same leisure activity may be used differently by different individuals.
2） 据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。
The patient is said to have asked the doctor to help him die.
3） 几年前被认为不可能实施的手术现在医院都能做。
Operations that were considered impossible a few years ago can now be performed in many hospitals.
4） 绝大多数医学上的重大进步都是建立在动物研究基础上的。
Most of the major medical advances are based on animal research.
5） 演唱者是由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏的。
The singer was accompanied on the piano by his pupil.
6） 我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。
We hurried back to school lest it should rain.
7） 三年前她曾在伦敦一家茶厂工作，工资很低。
Three years age she used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in London.
8） 将来还会有脑力劳动和体力劳动的区别吗？
Will there be any difference between the mental and the manual labor in the future？
9） 警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。
The police have taken a detailed and comprehensive investigation into the case.
10） 人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。
People have different ideas／views about how to attain the goal.
11） 现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书。
The problem now is not what to read，but how to read.
6. 强调句
那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐。
At that time it was folk music that was popular among college students.
英语（一）汉译英重要句型

1、比较级：
It is more difficult for beginners to think in English than to speak it.
对初学者来说，用英语思维比说英语更难。
It was said that some primitive people who ate deer could run as fast as a deer.
据说有些吃鹿肉的原始人能跑得象鹿一样飞快。
The real life is far more complicated than we imagine.
现实生活比我们想象的要复杂的多。
Studies show that men are more likely to suffer from heart attacks than women.
研究表明男人比女人更容易得心脏病。

2、虚拟语气
His daughter would mot have taken apart his watch if he had come home a little earlier yesterday.
要是昨天他早一点回到家，他的女儿就不会把他的手表拆了。
You wouldn’t

have got into trouble if you had taken my advice.
如果当你听从我的劝告就不会陷入困境。
Without your help we could not have finished the task yesterday.
没有你的帮忙我们昨天就完不成任务。

3、形式主语
It is not easy to find students who share your views.
要找到与你观点相同的学生并不容易。
It is said that in some single parent families children live a miserable life.
据说有些单亲家庭的孩子生活很悲惨。
It is known that the Atlantic ocean is only half as big as the pacific.
人所众知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。
It is not decided who will hold the meeting tomorrow.
谁主持明天的会议还没决定。

形式宾语
Most single parents find it hard to take care of a family alone.
大多数单亲父母发现独自照顾家庭有困难。
Do you think it difficult to remember these new words?
你认为这些生词很难记吗？

4、宾语从句
Studies show that people who drink a lot are more likely to suffer from heart attacks.
研究表明大量喝酒的人更易得心脏病。
I don’t think she will buy such things as the used clothing and empty bottles.
我认为她不会买象旧衣服和空瓶子这样的东西。
Many Americans complain that the government spends too much money on those programs.
许多美国人抱怨政府在这些面目上花钱太多。
His silence showed that he had no interest in the problem.
他的沉默表明他对这个问题不感兴趣。
I know why she is angry.
我知道他为什么生气。

5、被动语态
Solutions to actual problems cannot be seen in advance.
解决实际问题的办法事先不能预见。
Curiosity and imagination are often viewed as the key to success.
好奇心和想象力常常被认为是成功的关键.
In order not to be misunderstood, you should realize that body language is very much tied to culture.
为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。

6、强调句
It is modern technology that leads us to success.
是现代技术使我们走向成功。
It was lightening that caused the forest fire last year.
正是闪电引起了去年的那场火灾。
It is these children that (who) need psychological treatment.
正是这些孩子需要心理治疗。
It was in this way that she hid her feelings that day.
那天她正是用这种方法掩盖自己的感情。
It was not until the 14th century that more accurate maps began to appear.
直到１４世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。

７、倒装句
In no case (under/ in no circumstances) should we cheat in exams.
在任何情况下我们都不应该考试作弊。

８、定语从句
one reason why we are unwilling to discuss insurance is that it is very expensive.
我们不

愿意讨论保险的一个原因是保险很费钱。
There are so many sounds which have a meaning and yet are not words.
有许多声音有意义但不是词。
people may watch any movie they want on television.
人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。
She has a friend who used to take/use drugs. ( Her friend used to take/use drugs.)
她有个朋友过去常常吸毒。

９、其它重点句型
The experts have been discussing this problem all the morning.
这些专家们整个上午都在讨论这个问题。
He didn’t finish writing the report until midnight.
直到半夜他才写完报告。
He needn’t have attended the meeting.
他本没必要参加这个会。
Can you depend entirely on the agent when you buy insurance?
购买保险时你能完全信赖保险代理商吗？
Whether or not we will go out tomorrow depends on the weather.
我们明天出不出去要看天气。
How do you plan to deal with this problem?
你计划怎么来处理这个问题？
How much money have you spent on insurance in the past few years?
在过去几年里你在保险上花多少钱？