《投资分析与组合管理》金融专业词汇中英文对照表
金融专业词语中英对照
ETF Exchange Traded Fund的英文缩写,中译为“业务型绽放式指数基金”,又称业务所业务基金。
LOF:“listed open-ended fund”,中文称为“上市绽放式基金”,也便是上市绽放式基金刊行结果后,投资者既可以在指定网点申购与赎回基金份额,也可以在业务所交易该基金。
只是投资者假如是在指定网点申购的基金份额,想要上彀抛出,须处理必定的转托管手续;同样,假如是在业务所网上买进的基金份额,想要在指定网点赎回,也要处理必定的转托管手续。
LME伦敦金属业务所(London Metal Exchange)CPI耗费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index),是反响与住民生存相关的商品及劳务价钱统计出来的物价变更指标,通常作为察看通货扩张程度的重要指标。
假如耗费者物价指数升幅过大,证明通胀已经成为经济不稳固因素,央行会有紧缩泉币政策和财务政策的危机,从而造成经济远景不明亮。
PPI(英文全称Producer Price Index):创造者物价指数,是权衡产业企业产物出厂价钱变更趋向和变更水平的指数,是反响某临时期生产范畴价钱变更状况的重要经济指标,也是制定相关经济政策和黎民经济核算的重要依据。
现在,我国PPI的观察产物有4000多种(含规格品9500多种),遮盖全部39个产业行业大类,涉及观察种类186个。
创造者物价指数主要的目标在于权衡各类商品在差别的生产阶段的价钱改变景象。
GDP gross domestic product的缩写,也便是国内生产总值,(港台地域有翻译为国内生产茂额、当地生产总值)。
通常对GDP的界说为:必定时期内(一个季度或一年),一个国度或地域的经济中所生产出的全部最终产物和提供劳务的市场价格的总值。
在经济学中,常用GDP和GNI(黎民总收入,gross national Income)协同来权衡该国或地域的经济成长综合程度通用的指标。
GNP(英文全称Gross National Product):黎民生产总值,是指一个国度悉数常住住民在必定时期内所生产的最终产物和所提供的泉币价格总和。
金融业词汇中英文对照
基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark interest rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce losses简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement(optimization)结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial fragility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special economic zones(SEZs)经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas investment竞争加剧 intensifying competition局部性金融风波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint-equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansion过热迹象 signs of overheating 买方市场 buyer's market卖方市场 seller's market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 non-institutionalized credit免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国(请见“东道国”) home countryN内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong内债 domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one 扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs)P泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth 片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck(constraints)平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial(start-up)working capital普遍回升 broad-based recovery配套改革 concomitant(supporting)reforms 配套人民币资金 local currency funding of…。
投资词汇中英对照
投资词汇中英对照从金融学角度来讲,相较于投机而言,投资的时间段更长一些,更趋向是为了在未来一定时间段内获得某种比较持续稳定的现金流收益,是未来收益的累积。
接下来小编为大家整理了投资词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦!投资词汇中英对照:SEHK联交所Senior Bond优先债券Settlement结算Short Hedge空头对冲Short Position空仓Short Selling抛空/沽空Speculation投机Stock Splits股票分拆Subordinated Bond后偿债券Substantial Shareholder大股东Support Level支持价位Technical Analysis技术分析The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Ltd.香港联合交易所有限公司Time Horizon投资期Trading Hours of SEHK联合交易所的交易时间Trading Rules交易规则Trust Deed信托契约Underlying Security认股权证相关的股份Unified Exchange Compensation Fund Scheme联合交易所赔偿基金Valuation估价Warrant认股权证Window Dressing粉饰橱窗Yield盈利率Yield To Maturity到期孳息率Zero Coupon Bond无息债券Accrued interest应得利息All-Ordinaries Index所有普通股指数Arbitrage套戥Ask Price买价Asset-Backed Securities具资产保证的证券At-the-money刚到价Automatic Order Matching And Execution System自动对盘及成交系统Basis Point基点Bear Markets熊市Bid Price卖价Bid-ask Spread买卖差价Blue Chips蓝筹股Bond债券Book Value账面值Broker经纪Brokerage Fee经纪佣金Bull Markets牛市Call Option好仓期权/买入(认购)期权Callable Bonds可赎回债券Capital Gain资本增值Capital Markets资本市场Central Clearing and Settlement System中央结算系统Central Money Market Units债务工具中央结算系统Certificate of Deposits存款证China Concepts Stock中国概念股Closed-end闭端基金Collateral抵押品Commercial Paper商业票据Common Stock普通股Compound Interest复息Contract Note成交单Controlling Shareholder控制股东Convertible Bond可换股债券Corporate Bond公司债券Coupon票息Coupon Frequency派息次数Coupon Rate票面息率Covered warrants备兑认股权证Credit Rating信用评级Currency Board货币发行局Current Yield现价息率Custody of Securities证券托管Default Risk不能收回本金的风险Derivative Call衍生认购(认沽)认股权证Derivative Instrument衍生产品Direct Business直接成交Discount Bond折扣债券Diversification分散风险Duration期限Earnings收益Earnings per Share每股盈利Earnings Yield盈利率Equity股本Equity Call Warrants股本认购认股权证Ex-dividend除息Face Value/ Nominal Value面值Fixed Rate Bonds定息债券Fixed-income securities定息证券Floating Rate Bonds浮息债券Fundamental Analysis基本分析Future Value未来值Future Value of an Annuity定期供款之未来值Futures contract期货合约Hang Seng China Enterprises index恒生香港中资企业指数Hang Seng Index香港恒生指数Hang Seng London Reference Index恒生伦敦参考指数Hedge对冲Hong Kong Inter-Bank Offered Rate香港银行同业拆息Hong Kong Monetary Authority香港金融管理局Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Ltd.香港中央结算有限公司H-Share股HSI Futures Contract恒生指数期货合约Income收入Index Fund指数基金Initial Public Offering首次公开招股Inside Information内幕消息Insider Trading内幕交易Intrinsic Value内在价值Investment投资Investment Adviser投资顾问IPO price首次公开招股价Junk Bond垃圾债券Leverage Ratio杠杆比率Limit Order限价指示Limited Company有限公司Liquidity变现能力Listing挂牌Listing Date上市日期Margin Call补仓Market Capitalisation市价总值Market Maker庄家Market Order市场指示Money Market货币市场Mutual Fund互惠基金Net Asset Value资产净值Offer For Sale公开发售Offer For Subscription公开认购Open Offer公开供股Open-end开放基金Option期权Oversubscribed超额认购Par Bond平价债券Par Value票面值Perpetual Bonds永久债券Placing配售Portfolio投资组合Preference Shares优先股Premium溢价(认股证)Premium Bond溢价债券Present Value现时值Present Value of An Annuity定期供款之现时值Price/Earnings Ratio市盈率Privatisation私有化Professional Conduct Regulations专业操守规例Prospectus招股书Put Option淡仓期权/卖出(认沽)期权Rate of Return收期率Real Interest Rate实质利率Red Chip红筹股Redemption Value赎回价值Reinvestment Value再投资利率Relative Strength Index/RSI相对强弱指数Repurchase Agreement回购协议Resistance Level阻力价位Return回报Rights Issue供股发行Risk-Averse, Risk-Neutral, Risk-Taking风险厌恶,风险中立,追求风险Securities And Futures Commission证券及期货事务监察委员会Securities Dealers´ Representatives证券交易商投资词汇中英对照从金融学角度来讲,相较于投机而言,投资的时间段更长一些,更趋向是为了在未来一定时间段内获得某种比较持续稳定的现金流收益,是未来收益的累积。
《投资分析与组合管理》金融专业词汇中英文对照表
《投资分析与组合管理》金融专业词汇中英文对照表词汇表(1)Abnormal rate of return 异常收益率某证券的实际收益率和根据市场收益率和与市场相关程度计算的该证券的预期收益率之间的差。
Accumulation phase 积累阶段个人在工作生涯的前半期,通过资产积聚以满足短期需求和达到长期目标的投资生命周期Actuarial rate of return 精算收益率一种用于计算某一特定福利养老金计划未来现金流现值的贴现率,以此确定公司对此计划年度贡献的大小。
American Depository Receipts (ADRs) 美国存股证(或称美国预托收据、美国存托凭证)一种由美国银行出具的,证明持有人对某一外国公司股票拥有间接所有权的所有权凭证。
股权存放在公司母国的银行内。
Analysis effect 分析效应根据某个特定指数选择的债权组合的收益率和通过买卖某些短期内定价不合理然后向合理价格回归的债券所获得收益率之间的差。
Anomalies 异常证券价格关系同一个众所周知的假说——有效市场假说相矛盾。
Arbitrage 套利(套汇)一种交易方在交易中无需资本承诺和风险承担即能获得保证收益的交易策略。
套利交易的一个简单例子就是同一时间里,同一证券因在不同市场上存在价格差异而进行的交易活动。
Arbitrage pricing theory (APT) 套利定价理论一种用与金融资产相关的一些风险因素描述该金融资产预期收益率的理论。
Arithmetic mean (AM) 算术平均数一种计算年平均收益率的方法,将持有期总收益率除以持有年数即得算术平均数的年平均收益率。
Asset allocation资产配置为了一定投资目的,决定如何在不同资产类别间分配投资者财富的过程。
Asset class 资产类别拥有相似特征、层次、风险或回报的证券。
Assets under management (AUM) 公司管理的资产由一家投资公司所管理的资产的总市场价值。
投资者常见金融词汇英汉对照
投资者常见金融词汇英汉对照ABS 资产担保证券(Asset Backed Securities的英文缩写)Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Acceptor 承兑人;受票人;接受人Accommodation paper 融通票据;担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者;受信投资人;指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例,可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值Accrediting 本金增值;适用于多种工具,指名义本金在工具(如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权)的期限内连续增长。
ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率;速动比率Across the board 全面一致;全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动;合谋Active assets 活动资产;有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actuary 精算师;保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank的英文缩写)ADR 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证 (参见American Depository Receipt栏目)ADS 美国存托股份(American Depository Share的英文缩写)Ad valorem 从价;按值Affiliated company 关联公司;联营公司After date 发票后,出票后After-market 后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。
市场参与者关注的是紧随的后市情况,即头几个交易日。
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)目录1. 货币与货币制度 (3)2. 国际货币体系与汇率制度 (4)3. 信用、利息与信用形成 (5)4. 金融范畴的形成与发展 (7)5. 金融中介体系 (7)6. 存款货币银行 (9)7. 中央银行 (10)8. 金融市场 (10)9. 资本市场 (13)10. 金融体系结构 (14)11. 金融基础设施 (14)12. 利率的决定作用 (15)13. 货币需求 (16)14. 现代货币的创造机制 (17)15. 货币供给 (17)16. 货币均衡 (18)17. 开放经济的均衡 (18)18. 通货膨胀和通货紧缩 (19)19. 货币政策 (20)20. 货币政策与财政政策的配合 (21)21. 开放条件下的政策搭配与协调 (22)22. 利率的风险结构与期限结构 (22)23. 资产组合与资产定价 (23)24. 商业银行业务与管理 (25)25. 货币经济与实际经济 (26)26. 金融发展与经济增长 (26)27. 金融脆弱性与金融危机 (27)28. 金融监管 (27)1.货币与货币制度货币:(currency)外汇:(foreign exchange)铸币:(coin)银行券:(banknote)纸币:(paper currency)存款货币:(deposit money)价值尺度:(measure of values)货币单位:(currency unit)货币购买力:(purchasing power of money)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity,PPP)流通手段:(means of circulation)购买手段:(means of purchasing)交易的媒介:(media of exchange)支付手段:(means of payment)货币需求:(demand for money)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)保存价值:(store of value)汇率:(exchange rate)一般等价物:(universal equivalent)流动性:(liquidity)通货:(currency)准货币:(quasi money)货币制度:(monetary system)本位制:(standard)金本位:(gold standard)造币:(coinage)铸币税:(seigniorage)本位币:(standard money)辅币:(fractional money)货币法偿能力:(legal tender powers)复本位制:(bimetallic standard)金汇兑本位:(gold exchange standard)金平价:(gold parity)金块本位制:(gold bullion standard)2.国际货币体系与汇率制度浮动汇率制:(floating exchange rate regime)货币局制度:(currency board arrangement)联系汇率制度:(linked exchange rate system)美元化:(dollarization)最优通货区理论:(theory of optimum currency area)货币消亡:(money disappearance)外汇:(foreign currency)外汇管理:(exchange regulation)外汇管制:(exchange control)可兑换:(convertibility)不可兑换:(inconvertibility)经常项目:(current account)资本项目:(capital account)汇率:(exchange rate)牌价:(posted price)直接标价法:(direct quotation)间接标价法:(indirect quotation)单一汇率:(unitary exchange rate)多重汇率:(multiple exchange rate)市场汇率:(market exchange rate)官方汇率:(official exchange rate)黑市:(black market)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)管理浮动:(managed float)盯住汇率制度:(pegged exchange rate regime)固定钉住:(fixed peg)在水平带内的盯住:(pegged within horizontal bands)爬行钉住:(crawling peg)外汇指定银行:(designated foreign exchange bank)货币的对外价值:(external value of exchange)货币的对内价值:(internal value of exchange)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)实际汇率:(real exchange rate)铸币平价:(mint parity)金平价:(gold parity)黄金输送点:(gold transport point)国际借贷说:(theory of international indebtedness)流动债权:(current claim)流动负债:(current liablity)国际收支说:(theory of balance payment)汇兑心理说:(psychology theory of exchange rate)货币分析说:(monetary approach)金融资产说:(portfolio theory of exchange rate determination)利率平价理论:(theory of interest rate parity)外汇风险:(exchange risk)中国的外汇调剂:(foreign exchange swap)3.信用、利息与信用形成信用:(credit)利息:(interest)收益:(yield)资本化:(capitalization of interest)高利贷:(usury)利率:(interest rate)债权:(claim)债务:(debt obligation)借入:(borrowing)贷出:(lending)盈余:(surplus)赤字:(deficit)跨时预算约束:(intertemporal budget constraint)资金流量:(flow of funds)部门:(sector)借贷资本:(loan capital)实体:(real)商业信用:(commercial credit)银行信用:(bank credit)本票:(promissory note)汇票:(bill of exchange)商业本票:(commercial paper)商业汇票:(commercial bill)承兑:(acceptance)背书:(endorsement)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)短期国库卷:(treasury bill)中期国库卷:(treasury note)长期国库卷:(treasury bond)国债:(national debt)公债:(public debt)资本输出:(export of capital)国际资本流动:(international capital flow)国外商业性借贷:(foreign direct investment,FDI)国际游资:(hot money)4.金融范畴的形成与发展财政:(public finance)公司理财:(corporate finance)投资:(investment)保险:(insurance)财产保险:(property insurance)人身保险:(mutual life insurance)相互人寿保险:(mutual life insurance)信托:(trust)租赁:(leasing)5.金融中介体系金融中介:(financial intermediary)金融机构:(financial institution)借者:(borrower)贷者:(lender)货币中介:(monetary intermediation)权益资本:(equity capital)中央银行:(central bank)货币当局:(monetary authority)存款货币银行:(deposit money bank)商业银行:(commercial bank)投资银行:(investment bank)商人银行:(merchant bank)财务公司:(financial companies)储蓄银行:(saving bank)抵押银行:(mortgage bank)信用合作社:(credit cooperative)保险业:(insurance industry)跨国银行:(multinational bank)代表处:(representative office)经理处:(agency)分行:(branch)子银行:(subsidiary)联营银行:(affiliate)国际财团银行:(consortium bank)中国人民银行:(People’s Bank of China)政策性银行:(policy banks)国有商业银行:(state-owned commercial banks)资产管理公司:(assets management company)证券公司:(securities company)券商:(securities dealer)农村信用合作社:(rural credit cooperatives)城市信用合作社:(urban credit cooperatives)信托投资公司:(trust and investment companies)信托:(trust)金融租赁:(financial leasing)邮政储蓄:(postal savings)财产保险:(property insurance)商业保险:(commercial insurance)社会保险:(social insurance)保险深度:(insurance intensity)保险密度:(insurance density)投资基金:(investment funds)证券投资基金:(security funds)封闭式基金:(closed-end investment funds)开放式基金:(open-end investment funds)私募基金:(private placement)风险投资基金:(venture funds)特别提款权:(special drawing right,SDR)国有化:(nationalization)6.存款货币银行货币兑换商:(money dealer)银行业:(banking)贴现率:(discount rate)职能分工型商业银行:(functional division commercial bank)全能型商业银行:(multi-function commercial bank)综合性商业银行:(comprehensive commercial bank)单元银行制度:(unit banking system)总分行制度:(branch banking system)代理行制度:(correspondent banking system)银行控股公司制度:(share holding banking system)连锁银行制度:(chains banking system)金融创新:(financial innovation)自动转账制度:(automatic transfer services,ATS)可转让支付命令账户:(negotiable order of withdrawal account,NOW)货币市场互助基金:(money market mutual fund,MMMF)货币市场存款账户:(money market deposit account,MMDA)不良债权:(bad claim)坏账:(bad loan)不良贷款:(non-performing loans,NPL)存款保险制度:(deposit insurance system)金融资本:(financial capital)7.中央银行中央银行:(central bank)一元式中央银行制度:(unit central bank system)二元式中央银行制度:(dual central bank system)复合中央银行制度:(compound central bank system)跨国中央银行制度:(multinational central bank system)发行的银行:(bank of issue)银行的银行:(bank of bank)最后贷款人:(lender of last resort)再贴现:(rediscount)在抵押:(recollateralize)国家的银行:(the state bank)8.金融市场金融市场:(financial market)证券化:(securitization)金融资产:(financial assets)金融工具:(financial instruments)金融产品:(financial products)衍生金融产品:(derivative financial products)原生金融产品:(underlying financial products)流动性:(liquidity)变现:(encashment)买卖差价:(bid-ask spread)做市商:(market marker)到期日:(due date)信用风险:(credit risk)市场风险:(market risk)名义收益率:(nominal yield)现时收益率:(current yield)平均收益率:(average yield)内在价值:(intrinsic value)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)货币市场:(money market)资本市场:(capital market)现货市场:(spot market)期货市场:(futures market)机构投资人:(institutional investor)资信度:(credit standing)融通票据:(financial paper)银行承兑票据:(bank acceptance)贴现:(discount)大额存单:(certificates of desposit,CDs)回购:(counterpurchase)回购协议:(repurchase agreement)隔夜:(overnight)银行同业间拆借市场:(interbank market)合约:(contract)远期:(forward)期货:(futures)期权:(options)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)期权费:(option premium)互换:(swap)投资基金:(investment funds)契约型基金:(contractual type investment fund)单位型基金:(unit funds)基金型基金:(funding funds)公司型基金:(corporate type investment fund)投资管理公司:(investment management company)共同基金:(mutual fund)对冲基金:(hedge fund)风投基金:(venture fund)权益投资:(equity investment)收益基金:(income funds)增长基金:(growth funds)长期增长基金:(long-term growth funds)高增长基金:(go-go groeth funds)货币市场基金:(money market funds)养老基金:(pension fund)外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)风险资本:(venture capital)权益资本:(equity capital)私人权益资本市场:(private equity market)有限合伙制:(limited partnership)交易发起:(deal origination)筛选投资机会:(screening)评价:(evaluation)交易设计:(deal structure)投资后管理:(post-investment activities)创业板市场:(growth enterprise market,GEM)二板市场:(secondary board market)金融创新:(financial innovation)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)全球化:(globalization)离岸金融市场:(off-shore financial center)9.资本市场权益:(equity)剩余索取权:(residual claims)证券交易所:(stock exchange)交割:(delivery)过户:(transfer ownership)场外交易市场:(over the counter,OTC)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押债券:(mortgage bond)担保信托债券:(collateral trust bonds)信用债券:(trust bonds)次等信用债券:(subordinated debenture)担保债券:(guaranteed bonds)初级市场:(primary market)二级市场:(secondary market)公募:(public offering)私募:(private offering)有价证券:(security)面值:(face value)市值:(market value)股票价格指数:(share price index)有效市场假说:(effective market hypothesis)弱有效市场:(weak efficient market)中度有效市场:(semi-efficient market)强有效市场:(strong efficient market)股份公司:(stock certificate)股票:(stock certificate)股东:(stock holder)所有权:(ownership)经营权:(right of management)10.金融体系结构功能主义金融观:(perspective of financial function)金融体系格局:(pattern of financial system)激励:(incentive)公司治理:(corporate governance)路径依赖:(path dependency)市场主导型:(market-oriented type)银行主导型:(banking-oriented type)参与成本:(participative cost)影子银行体系:(the shadow banking system)11.金融基础设施金融基础设施:(financial infrastructures)支付清算系统:(payment and clearing system)跨境支付系统:(cross-border inter-bank payment system,CIPS)全额实时结算:(real time gross system)净额批量清算:(bulk transfer net system)大额资金转账系统:(whole sale funds transfer system)小额定时结算系统:(fixed time retail system)票据交换所:(clearing house)金融市场基础设施:(financial market infrastructures)中央交易对手:(central counterparties,CCPs)双边清算体系:(bilateral clearing system)系统重要性支付体系核心原则:(the core principles for systemically important payment system)证券清算体系建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)中央交易对手建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)金融业标准:(financial standards)盯市:(mark-to-market)公允价值:(fair value)金融部门评估规划:(financial sector assessment program)12.利率的决定作用可贷资金论:(loanable funds theory of interest)储蓄的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of saving)投资的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of investment)本金:(principal)回报率:(returns)基准利率:(benchmark interest rate)无风险利率:(risk-free interest rate)补偿:(compensation)风险溢价:(risk premium)实际利率:(real interest rate)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)固定利率:(fixed interest rate)浮动利率:(floating rate)官定利率:(official interest rate)行业利率:(trade-regulated rate)一般利率:(general interest rate)优惠利率:(preferential interest rate)贴息贷款:(loan of interest subsidy)年利率:(annual interest rate)月利率:(monthly interest rate)日利率:(daily interest rate)拆息:(call money interest)13.货币需求货币需求:(demand for money)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)货币必要量:(volume of money needed)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)交易方程式:(equation of exchange)剑桥方程式:(equation of Cambridge)现金交易说:(cash transaction approach)现金余额说:(cash balance theory)货币需求动机:(motive of the demand for money)交易动机:(transaction motive)预防动机:(precautionary motive)投机动机:(speculative motive)流动性偏好:(liquidity preference)流动性陷阱:(liquidity trap)平方根法则:(square-root rule)货币主义:(monetarism)恒久性收入:(permanent income)机会成本变量:(opportunity cost variable)名义货币需求:(nominal demand for money)实际货币需求:(real demand for money)客户保证金:(customer’s security marign)金融资产选择:(portfolio selection)14.现代货币的创造机制纯流通费用:(pure circulation cost)原始存款:(primary deposit)派生存款:(derivative deposit)派生乘数:(withdrawal multiplier)现金损露:(loss of cashes)提现率:(withdrawal rate)创造乘数:(creation multiplier)现金:(currency)基础货币:(base money)高能货币:(high-power money)货币乘数:(money multiplier)铸币收入:(seigniorage revenue)15.货币供给货币供给:(money supply)准货币:(quasi money)名义货币供给:(nominal money supply)实际货币供给:(real money supply)股民保证金:(shareholder’s security margin)货币存量:(money stock)公开市场操作:(open-market operation)贴现政策:(discount policy)再贴现率:(rediscount rate)法定准备金率:(legal reserve ratio)财富效应:(wealth effect)预期报酬率变动效应:(effect of expected yields change)现金持有量:(currency holdings)超额准备金:(excess reserves)外生变量:(exogenous variable)内生变量:(endogenous variable)16.货币均衡均衡:(equilibrium)投资饥渴:(huger for investment)软预算约束:(soft budget constraint)总需求:(aggregate demand)总供给:(aggregate supply)面纱论:(money veil theory)流:(flow)余额:(stock)17.开放经济的均衡国际收支:(balance of payments)居民:(resident)非居民:(nonresident)国际收支平衡表:(statement for balance of payments)经常项目:(current account)资本和金融项目:(capital and financial account)储备资产:(reserve assets)净误差与遗漏:(net errors and missions)自主性交易:(autonomous transaction)调节性交易:(accommodating transaction)偿债率:(debt service ratio)顺差:(surplus)逆差:(deficit)最后清偿率:(last liquidation ratio)资本流动:(capital movements)项目融资:(project finance)外债:(external debt)资本外逃:(capital flight)冲销性操作:(sterilized operation)非冲销性操作:(unsterilized operation)债务率:(debt ratio)负债率:(liability ratio)差额:(balance)18.通货膨胀和通货紧缩通货膨胀:(inflation)恶性通货膨胀:(rampant inflation)爬行通货膨胀:(creeping inflation)温和通货膨胀:(moderate inflation)公开性通货膨胀:(open inflation)显性通货膨胀:(evident inflation)隐蔽性通货膨胀:(hidden inflation)输入型通货膨胀:(import of inflation)结构性通货膨胀:(structural inflation)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)居民消费物价指数:(CPI)零售物价指数:(RPI)批发物价指数:(WPI)冲减指数:(deflator)需求拉上型通货膨胀:(demand-pull inflation)成本推动型通货膨胀:(cost-push inflation)工资-价格螺旋上升:(wage-price spiral)强制储蓄:(forced saving)收入分配效应:(distributional effect of income)财富分配效应:(distributional effect of wealth)滞胀:(stagflation)工资膨胀率:(wage inflation)紧缩性货币政策:(tight monetary policy)紧缩银根:(tight money)紧缩信贷:(tight squeeze)指数化:(indexation)通货紧缩:(deflation)19.货币政策货币政策:(monetary policy)金融政策:(financial policy)货币政策目标:(goal of monetary policy)通货膨胀目标制:(inflation targeting)逆风向原则:(principle of leaning against the wind)反周期货币政策:(counter cycle monetary policy)相机抉择:(discretionary)单一规则:(single rule)告示效应:(bulletin effects)直接信用控制:(direct credit)信用配额:(credit allocation)流动性比率:(liquidity ratio)间接信用控制:(indirect credit control)道义劝告:(moral suasion)窗口指导:(window guidence)信用贷款:(lending)传导机制:(conduction mechanism)中介指标:(intermediate target)信贷配给:(credit rationing)资产负债表渠道:(balance sheet channel)时滞:(time lag)预期:(expectation)透明度:(transparency)信任:(credibility)软着陆:(soft landing)20.货币政策与财政政策的配合赤字:(deficit)经常性收入:(current revenue)税:(tax)费:(fee)经常性支出:(current expenditure)资本性收入:(capital revenue)补助:(grant)资本性支出:(capital expenditure)账面赤字:(book deficit)隐蔽赤字:(hidden deficit)预算外:(off-budget)透支:(overdraft)净举债:(net fiancing)未清偿债券:(outstanding debt)或有债务:(contingent liability)准备货币:(reserve money)国债依存度:(public debt dependency)国债负担率:(public debt-to-GDP ratio)国债偿债率:(government debt-service ratio)财政政策:(fiscal policy)补偿性财政货币政策:(compensatory fiscal and monetary policy) 21.开放条件下的政策搭配与协调米德冲突:(Meade’s conflict)国际政策协调:(international policy coordination)信息交换:(information exchange)危机管理:(crisis management)避免共享目标变量的冲突:(avoiding conflicts over shared targets)合作确定中介目标:(cooperation intermediate targeting)部分协调:(full coordination)汇率目标区:(target zone of exchange rate)马歇尔-勒纳条件:(Marshall-Lerner condition)J曲线效应:(J curve effect)22.利率的风险结构与期限结构单利:(simple interest)复利:(compound interest)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)竞价拍卖:(open-outcry auction)贴现值:(present discount value)利率管制:(interest rate control)利率管理体制:(interest rate regulation system)存贷利差:(interest rate regulation system)利率风险结构:(risk structure of interest rates)违约风险:(default risk)利率期限结构:(term structure of interest rates)即期利率:(spot rate of interest)远期利率:(forward rate of interest)到期收益率:(yield to maturity)现金流:(cash floe)预期理论:(expectation theory)流动性理论:(liquidity theory)偏好理论:(preferred habitat theory)市场隔断理论:(market segmentation theory) 23.资产组合与资产定价市场风险:(market risk)信用风险:(credit risk)流动性风险:(liquidity risk)操作风险:(operational risk)法律风险:(legal risk)政策风险:(policy risk)道德风险:(moral hazard)主权风险:(sovereign risk)市场流动性风险:(product liquidity)现金流风险:(cash flow)执行风险:(execution risk)欺诈风险:(fraud risk)遵守与监管风险:(compliance and regulatory risk)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory)系统性风险:(systematic risk)非系统性风险:(nonsystematic risk)效益边界:(efficient frontier)价值评估:(evaluation)市盈率:(price-earning ratio)资产定价模型:(asset pricing model)资本资产定价模型:(capital asset pricing model,CAPM)无风险资产:(risk-free assets)市场组合:(market portfolio)多要素模型:(multifactorCAPM)套利定价理论:(arbitrage pricing theory,APT)期权加价:(option premium)内在价值:(intrinsic value)时间价值:(time value)执行价格:(strike price)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)对冲型的资产组合:(hedge portfolios)套利:(arbitrage)无套利均衡:(no-arbitrage equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)多头:(long position)空头:(short position)动态复制:(dynamic replication)头寸:(position)风险偏好:(risk preference)风险中性:(risk neutral)风险厌恶:(risk averse)风险中性定价:(risk-netural pricing)24.商业银行业务与管理银行负责业务:(liability business)存款:(deposit)活期存款:(demand deposit)支票存款:(check deposit)透支:(overdraft)定期存款:(time deposit)再贴现:(rediscount)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押贷款:(mortgage loan)信用贷款:(credit loan)通知贷款:(demand loan)真实票据论:(real bill doctrine)商业贷款理论:(commercial loan theory)证券投资:(portfolio investment)中间业务:(middleman business)表外业务:(off-balance sheet business)无风险业务:(risk-free business)汇款:(remittance)信用证:(letter of credit)商品信用证:(commercial letter of credit)代收业务:(business of collection)代客买卖业务:(business of commission)承兑网络银行:(internet bank)虚拟银行:(virtual bank)企业对个人:(B2C)企业对企业:(B2B)挤兑:(bank runs)资产管理:(assets management)自偿性:(self-liquidation)可转换性理论:(convertibility theory)预期收入理论:(anticipated income theory)负债管理:(liability management)资产负债综合管理:(comprehensive management of assets and liability)风险管理:(risk management)在险价值:(value at risk,VAR)25.货币经济与实际经济两分法:(dichotomy)实际经济:(real economy)货币经济:(monetary economy)虚拟资本:(monetary capital)泡沫经济:(bubble economy)虚拟经济:(virtual economy)货币中性:(neutrality of money)相对价格:(relative price)货币面纱:(monetary veil)瓦尔拉斯均衡:(Walras equilibrium)一般均衡理论:(theory of general equilibrium)超中性:(super-neutrality)26.金融发展与经济增长金融发展:(financial development)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)金融深化:(financial deepening)金融压抑:(financial repression)金融机构化:(financial institutionalization)分层比率:(gradation ratio)金融相关率:(financial interrelation ratio,FIR)货币化率:(monetarization ratio)脱媒:(distintermediation)导管效应:(tube effect)27.金融脆弱性与金融危机金融脆弱性:(financial fragility)金融风险:(financial risk)长周期:(long cycles)安全边界:(margins of safety)汇率超调理论:(theory of exchange rate over shooting)金融危机:(financial crises)资产管理公司:(asset management corporation,AMC)金融恐慌:(financial panic)优先/次级抵押贷款债券:(senior/subordinate structure) 28.金融监管金融监管:(financial regulation)公共选择:(public choice)最低资本要求:(minimum capital requirements)监管当局的监管:(supervisory review process)市场纪律:(market discipline)宏观审慎框架:(macro-prudential framework)分行:(branch)子行:(subsidiary)并表监管:(consolidated supervision)。
经济金融术语英汉对照
经济金融术语英汉对照经济金融领域常常涉及大量的专业术语,对于学习和理解这些术语,将英文与中文对照是非常重要的。
下面是一些经济金融术语的英汉对照列表,希望对您有所帮助。
1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值GDP是一个国家或地区在特定时间内所生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值的总和。
2. Inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀是指货币供应量增加导致物价水平上升的现象。
3. Deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩是指货币供应量减少导致物价水平下降的现象。
4. Interest Rate 利率利率是指借贷资金所产生的利息与本金之间的比率。
5. Exchange Rate 汇率汇率是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的兑换比率。
6. Stock Market 股票市场股票市场是指买卖股票的场所,也是企业融资的重要途径。
7. Bond 债券债券是一种证券,表示借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内支付利息和本金。
8. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资外商直接投资是指一个国家的企业在另一个国家的企业中进行的长期投资。
9. Taxation 税收税收是政府从个人和企业获得财政收入的一种方式。
10. Budget Deficit 预算赤字预算赤字是指政府支出超过收入的情况,需要通过借贷或印钞等方式来弥补。
11. Trade Surplus/Trade Deficit 贸易顺差/贸易逆差贸易顺差指一个国家的出口额大于进口额,贸易逆差则相反。
12. Monetary Policy 货币政策货币政策是由中央银行制定和执行的调控货币供应量和利率水平的政策。
13. Fiscal Policy 财政政策财政政策是由政府制定和执行的调控财政支出和税收的政策。
14. Central Bank 央行央行是一个国家的货币发行和货币政策的实施机构。
15. Market Economy 市场经济市场经济是一种以市场配置资源和决定价格的经济体制。
最全金融行业术语英文翻译
最全金融行业术语英文翻译本文档旨在为您提供最全面的金融行业术语的英文翻译,帮助您更好地理解和使用这些术语。
以下是我们整理的金融行业术语及对应的英文翻译:1. 金融市场:Financial market2. 资金流动:Capital flow3. 股票:Stock4. 债券:Bond5. 期权:Option6. 期货:Futures7. 衍生品:Derivative8. 投资组合:Portfolio9. 风险管理:Risk management10. 资产负债表:Balance sheet12. 现金流量表:Cash flow statement13. 财务分析:Financial analysis14. 贷款:Loan15. 存款:Deposit16. 利率:Interest rate17. 汇率:Exchange rate18. 银行业务:Banking business19. 保险业务:Insurance business20. 财富管理:Wealth management21. 资产管理:Asset management22. 投资银行:Investment banking23. 证券交易所:Stock exchange24. 资本市场:Capital market26. 风险投资:Venture capital27. 股票交易:Stock trading28. 期货交易:Futures trading29. 存款利率:Deposit rate30. 贷款利率:Loan rate这仅仅是金融行业术语的一小部分,更多术语可以根据实际需要进行进一步查询和研究。
希望本文档对您有所帮助。
常见的金融词汇中英对照
常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所,包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场,包括股票市场和债券市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具,包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。
•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险,以减少损失和提高效益。
cfa考试词汇中英文对照表(附cfa专用英语词典)
cfa考试词汇中英文对照表(附cfa专用英语词典) CFA考试(特许金融分析师考试)是一个全球性的金融投资领域专业考试,对于考生来说,掌握CFA考试特定的专业词汇是非常重要的。
以下是一些常见的CFA考试词汇中英文对照表:1. 资产 Assets2. 负债 Liabilities3. 所有者权益 Owner's Equity4. 股票 Stocks5. 债券 Bonds6. 基金 Funds7. 期货 Futures8. 远期 Forward9. 期权 Options10. 互惠基金 Mutual Funds11. 投资组合 Portfolio12. 资本资产定价模型 Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)13. 有效市场假说 Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH)14. 风险管理 Risk Management15. 贝塔系数 Beta Coefficient16. 阿尔法系数 Alpha Coefficient17. 夏普比率 Sharpe Ratio18. 詹森指数 Jensen's Index19. 特雷诺指数 Treynor Ratio20. 换手率 Turnover Ratio21. 资本比率 Capital Ratio22. 杠杆比率 Leverage Ratio23. 市盈率 Price-Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio)24. 市净率 Price-to-Book Ratio (P/B Ratio)25. 市现率 Price-to-Cash Flow Ratio (P/CF Ratio)26. 内在价值Intrinsic Value27. 折现现金流 Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)28. 资本成本 Cost of Capital29. 资本预算 Capital Budgeting30. 现值 Present Value (PV)31. 终值 Future Value (FV)32. 时间价值 Time Value of Money (TVM)33. 贴现率 Discount Rate34. 年金 Annuity35. 收益率 Yield Rate36. 期限 Maturity37. 到期日 Expiration Date38. 利率 Interest Rate39. 本金 Principal40. 再投资 Reinvestment41. 无风险利率 Risk-free Rate of Return42. 无风险资产 Risk-free Asset43. 无套利原则 No-Arbitrage Principle44. 无偏性 Unbiasedness45. 无偏估计 Unbiased Estimation46. 无偏抽样 Unbiased Sampling47. 无偏大数定律 Unbiased Law of Large Numbers (ULLN)48. 无穷大 Infinity49. 无穷小 Infinitesimal50. 无穷大量 Infinitesimally Probable51. 无穷小量 Infinitesimal Amounts52. 无穷序列 Infinitive Sequence53. 无穷级数 Infinitive Series54. 无穷大数定律 Law of Infinitive Numbers (LIN)55. 无穷小概率事件 Infinitesimally Probable Event56. 无穷大概率事件 Infinitively Probable Event57. 无穷小量测度 Measure of Infinitesimals。
金融常用词汇的中英文对照及注解.
英文术语中文翻译详细解释Accelerated Depreciation 加快折旧任何基于会计或税务原因促使一项资产在较早期以较大金额折旧的折旧原则Accident and Health Benefits 意外与健康福利为员工提供有关疾病、意外受伤或意外死亡的福利。
这些福利包括支付医院及医疗开支以及有关时期的收入。
Accounts Receivable (AR) 应收账款客户应付的金额。
拥有应收账款指公司已经出售产品或服务但仍未收取款项Accretive Acquisition 具增值作用的收购项目能提高进行收购公司每股盈利的收购项目Acid Test 酸性测试比率一项严谨的测试,用以衡量一家公司是否拥有足够的短期资产,在无需出售库存的情况下解决其短期负债。
计算方法:(现金 + 应收账款 +短期投资)‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾流动负债Act of God Bond 天灾债券保险公司发行的债券,旨在将债券的本金及利息与天然灾害造成的公司损失联系起来Active Bond Crowd 活跃债券投资者在纽约股票交易所内买卖活跃的定息证券Active Income 活动收入来自提供服务所得的收入,包括工资、薪酬、奖金、佣金,以及来自实际参与业务的收入Active Investing 积极投资包含持续买卖行为的投资策略。
主动投资者买入投资,并密切注意其走势,以期把握盈利机会Active Management 积极管理寻求投资回报高于既定基准的投资策略Activity Based Budgeting 以活动为基础的预算案一种制定预算的方法,过程为列举机构内每个部门所有牵涉成本的活动,并确立各种活动之间的关系,然后根据此资料决定对各项活动投入的资源Activity BasedManagement以活动为基础的管理利用以活动为基础的成本计算制度改善一家公司的运营Activity Ratio 活动比率一项用以衡量一家公司将其资产负债表内账项转为现金或营业额的能力的会计比率Actual Return 实际回报一名投资者的实际收益或损失,可用以下公式表示:预期回报加上公司特殊消息及总体经济消息Actuary 精算保险公司的专业人员,负责评估申请人及其医疗纪录,以预测申请人的寿命Acquisition 收购一家公司收购另一家公司的多数股权Acquisition Premium 收购溢价收购一家公司的实际成本与该公司收购前估值之间的差额Affiliated Companies 联营公司一家公司拥有另一家公司少数权益(低于50%)的情况,或指两家公司之间存在某些关联Affiliated Person 关联人士能影响一家企业活动的人士,包括董事、行政人员及股东等After Hours Trading 收盘后交易主要大型交易所正常交易时间以外进行的买卖交易After Tax Operating 税后营运收入一家公司除税后的总营运收入。
(完整word版)经济金融术语中英文对照
经济金融术语中英文对照D (1)E (3)F (3)G (4)J (6)K (9)L (9)M (10)N (11)P (11)Q (12)R (13)W (13)X (14)Y (16)Z (17)D打白条 issue IOU大额存单 certificate of deposit(CD)大额提现 withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制 (all—in—one)mono-bank system呆账(请见“坏账”) bad loans呆账准备金 loan loss reserves(provisions)呆滞贷款 idle loans贷款沉淀 non—performing loans贷款分类 loan classification贷款限额管理 credit control;to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary(constraint)mechanism代理国库 to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans倒逼机制reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition道德风险 moral hazard地区差别 regional disparity第一产业 the primary industry第二产业 the secondary industry第三产业 the service industry;the tertiary industry递延资产 deferrable assets订货不足 insufficient orders定期存款 time deposits定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources东道国(请见“母国”) host country独立核算 independent accounting短期国债 treasury bills对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式 diversified ownershipE恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation二级市场 secondary marketF发行货币 to issue currency发行总股本 total stock issue法定准备金 required reserves;reserve requirement法人股 institutional shares法人股东 institutional shareholders法治 rule of law房地产投资 real estate investment放松银根 to ease monetary policy非现场稽核 off-site surveillance(or monitoring)非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations分税制 assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营 segregation of financial business(services);division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露(风险敞口) risk exposure风险管理 risk management风险意识 risk awareness风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard服务事业收入 public service charges;user’s charges扶贫 poverty alleviation负增长 negative growth复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account G改革试点 reform experimentation杠杆率 leverage ratio杠杆收购 leveraged buyout高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest个人股 non-institutional shares根本扭转 fundamental turnaround(or reversal)公开市场操作 open market operations公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业 public utilities公有经济 the state—owned sector;the public sector公有制 public ownership工业成本利润率 profit—to—cost ratio工业增加值 industrial value added供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施 incentives股份合作企业 joint—equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises股份制银行 joint—equity banks固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption关税减让 tariff concessions关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment规范行为 to regularize(or standardize)…behavior规模效益 economies of scale国计民生 national interest and people’s livelihood国家对个人其他支出 other government outlays to individuals 国家风险 country risk国际分工 international division of labor国际收支 balance of payments国有独资商业银行 wholly state—owned commercial banks国有经济(部门) the state-owned(or public)sector国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)国有制 state-ownership国有资产流失 erosion of state assets国债回购 government securities repurchase国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition过度膨胀 excessive expansionH合理预期 rational expectation核心资本 core capital合资企业 joint—venture enterprises红利 dividend宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 macroeconomic management(or adjustment)宏观调控目标 macroeconomic objectives(or targets)坏账 bad debt还本付息 debt service换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 汇兑在途 funds in float汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates活期存款 demand deposits汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment混合所有制 diversified(mixed)ownership货币政策态势 monetary policy stance货款拖欠 overdue obligations to suppliers过热J基本建设投资 investment in infrastructure基本经济要素 economic fundamentals基本适度 broadly appropriate基准利率 benchmark interest rate机关团体存款 deposits of non-profit institutions机会成本 opportunity cost激励机制 incentive mechanism积压严重 heavy stockpile;excessive inventory挤提存款 run on banks挤占挪用 unwarranted diversion of(financial)resources(from designated uses)技改投资 investment in technological upgrading技术密集型产品 technology—intensive product计划单列市 municipalities with independent planning status计划经济 planned economy集体经济 the collective sector加大结构调整力度 to intensify structural adjustment加工贸易 processing trade加快态势 accelerating trend加强税收征管稽查 to enhance tax administration加权价 weighted average price价格放开 price liberalization价格形成机制 pricing mechanism减亏 to reduce losses简化手续 to cut red tape;to simplify(streamline)procedures交投活跃 brisk trading缴存准备金 to deposit required reserves结构扭曲 structural distortion结构失调 structural imbalance结构性矛盾突出 acute structural imbalance结构优化 structural improvement(optimization)结汇、售汇 sale and purchase of foreign exchange金融脆弱 financial fragility金融动荡 financial turbulence金融风波 financial disturbance金融恐慌 financial panic金融危机 financial crisis金融压抑 financial repression金融衍生物 financial derivatives金融诈骗 financial fraud紧缩银根 to tighten monetary policy紧缩政策 austerity policies;tight financial policies经常账户可兑换 current account convertibility经济特区 special economic zones(SEZs)经济体制改革 economic reform经济增长方式的转变 change in the main source of economic growth(from investment expansion to efficiency gains)经济增长减速 economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth经济制裁 economic sanction经营自主权 autonomy in management景气回升 recovery in business activity境外投资 overseas investment竞争加剧 intensifying competition局部性金融风波 localized(isolated)financial disturbance迹象 signs of overheatingK开办人民币业务 to engage in RMB business可维持(可持续)经济增长 sustainable economic growth可变成本 variable cost可自由兑换货币 freely convertible currency控制现金投放 control currency issuance扣除物价因素 in real terms;on inflation-adjusted basis库存产品 inventory跨国银行业务 cross-border banking跨年度采购 cross—year procurement会计准则 accounting standardL来料加工 processing of imported materials for export离岸银行业务 off-shore banking(business)理顺外贸体制 to rationalize foreign trade regime利率杠杆的调节作用 the role of interest rates in resource allocation利润驱动 profit-driven利息回收率 interest collection ratio联行清算 inter—bank settlement连锁企业 franchise(businesses);chain businesses良性循环 virtuous cycle两极分化 growing income disparity;polarization in income distribution 零售物价指数 retail price index(RPI)流动性比例 liquidity ratio流动资产周转率/流通速度 velocity of liquid assets流动资金贷款 working capital loans流通体制 distribution system流通网络 distribution network留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物) hire purchase垄断行业 monopolized industry(sector)乱集资 irregular(illegal)fund raising乱收费 irregular(illegal)charges乱摊派 unjustified(arbitrary)leviesM买方市场 buyer's market卖方市场 seller’s market卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo贸易差额 trade balance民间信用 non-institutionalized credit免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years明补 explicit subsidy明亏 explicit loss名牌产品 brand products母国(请见“东道国”) home countryN内部控制 internal control内部审计 internal audit内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong内债 domestic debt扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives(RCCs)P泡沫效应 bubble effect泡沫经济 bubble economy培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth平衡发展 balanced development瓶颈制约 bottleneck(constraints)平稳回升 steady recovery铺底流动资金 initial(start-up)working capital普遍回升 broad—based recovery配套改革 concomitant(supporting)reforms配套人民币资金 lQ企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities企业集团战略 corporate group strategy企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring企业领导班子 enterprise management企业所得税 enterprise(corporate)income tax企业效益 corporate profitability企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market欠税 tax arrears欠息 overdue interest强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration强制措施 enforcement action翘尾因素 carryover effect切一刀 partial application清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans(破产)清算 liquidation倾斜政策 preferential policy区别对待 differential treatment趋势加强 intensifying trend全球化 globalization权益回报率 returns on equity(ROE)缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentumR绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP人均收入 per capita income人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi(exchange rate)认缴资本 subscribed capital软贷款 soft loans软预算约束 soft budget constraint软着陆 soft landingocal currency funding of…W外部审计 external audit外国直接投资 foreign direct investment (FDI)外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves外汇调剂 foreign exchange swap外汇占款the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings外向型经济 export—oriented economy外债 external debt外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises完善现代企业制度 to improve the modern enterprise system完税凭证 tax payment documentation违法经营 illegal business委托存款 entrusted deposits稳步增长 steady growth稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system稳中求进 to make progress while ensuring stability无纸交易 book-entry(or paperless/scriptless)transaction物价监测 price monitoringX吸纳流动性 to absorb liquidity稀缺经济 scarcity economy洗钱 money laundering系统内调度 fund allocation within a bank系统性金融危机 systemic financial crisis下岗工人 laid-off employees下游企业 down—stream enterprises现场稽核 on-site examination现金滞留(居民手中) cash held outside the banking system乡镇企业 township and village enterprises(TVEs)消费物价指数 consumer price index(CPI)消费税 excise(consumption)tax消灭财政赤字 to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit销货款回笼 reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system销售平淡 lackluster sales协议外资金额 committed amount of foreign investment新经济增长点 new sources of economic growth新开工项目 new projects;newly started projects新增贷款incremental credit; loan increment;credit growth; credit expansion新增就业位置 new jobs;new job opportunities信贷规模考核 review the compliance with credit ceilings信号失真 distorted signals信托投资公司 trust and investment companies信息不对称 information asymmetry信息反馈 feedback(information)信息共享系统 information sharing system信息披露 information disclosure信用扩张 credir expansion信用评级 credit rating姓“资”还是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist行政措施 administrative measures需求膨胀 demand expansion; excessive demand虚伪存款 window-dressing deposits削减冗员 to shed excess labor force寻租 rent seeking迅速反弹 quick reboundY养老基金 pension fund一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation一级市场 primary market应收未收利息 overdue interest银行网点 banking outlets赢利能力 profitability营业税 business tax硬贷款(商业贷款) commercial loans用地审批 to grant land use right有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate证券投资 portfolio investment游资(热钱) hot money有市场的产品 marketable products有效供给 effective supply诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market预算外支出(收入) off—budget (extra—budgetary) expenditure(revenue)预调 pre-emptive adjustment月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basisZ再贷款 central bank lending在国际金融机构储备头寸reserve position in international financial institutions在人行存款 deposits at (with) the central bank在途资金 fund in float增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum增收节支措施 revenue—enhancing and expenditure control measures增长平稳 steady growth增值税 value—added tax(VAT)涨幅偏高 higher-than—desirable growth rate;excessive growth账外账 concealed accounts折旧 depreciation整顿 retrenchment;consolidation政策工具 policy instrument政策性业务 policy-related operations政策性银行 policy banks政策组合 policy mix政府干预 government intervention证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase支付困难 payment difficulty支付能力 payment capacity直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions职业道德 professional ethics指令性措施 mandatory measures指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy滞后影响 lagged effect中介机构 intermediaries中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project周期谷底 bottom(trough)of business cycle周转速度 velocity主办银行 main bank主权风险 sovereign risk注册资本 registered capital逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation逐步取消 to phase out抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small(to maintain close oversighton the large state—ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition)专款专用 use of funds as ear—marked转贷 on-lending转轨经济 transition economy转机 turnaround转折关头 turning point准财政赤字 quasi—fiscal deficit准货币 quasi-money资本不足 under—capitalized资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio资本利润率 return on capital资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency资产负债表 balance sheet资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets资产集中 asset concentration资产贡献率 asset contribution factor资产利润率 return on assets (ROA)资产质量 asset quality资产组合 asset portfolio资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost资金到位 fully funded (project)资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds资金利用率 fund utilization rate资金缺口 financing gap资金体外循环 financial disintermediation资金占压 funds tied up自筹投资项目 self-financed projects自有资金 equity fund综合国力 overall national strength(often measured by GDP)综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator综合治理 comprehensive adjustment(retrenchment);over—haul 总成交额 total contract value总交易量 total amount of transactions总成本 total cost最后贷款人 lender of last resort。
《投资学》金融术语翻译
Financial Terminologies for Slides of IntroductionPage1:investment:投资page2:Quantitative Financial Economics:Stocks, Bonds & Foreign exchange:数量金融经济学:股票,债券和外汇Page3:expected payoff:预期报酬discount:贴现page4:C-CAPM(consumption capital asset pricing model):消费资本资产定价模型APT(Arbitrage Pricing Theory):套利定价理论speculative bubbles:投机泡沫term structure:期限结构page5:bond market:债券市场Test Biased Expectation Hypothesis:测试有偏预期假说theoretical and empirical models:理论和实证模型derivatives:衍生产品Page6:smooth consumption:平滑消费asset pricing:资产定价fixed income:固定收益dividend:红利,股息nonlinear payoff:非线性回报page7:risk averse:风险厌恶page8:macroeconomic risk:宏观经济风险equilibrium:均衡first order conditions:一阶条件market clearing conditions:市场出清条件consumption-based CAPM:基于消费的资本资产定价模型no-arbitrage asset pricing model:无套利资产定价模型Page9:parameters:参数stochastic discount factor (SDF):随机贴现因子state price deflator:状态价格平减指数empirical finance:实证金融financial econometrics:金融计量经济学page10:risk corrections:风险修正risk-neutral:风险中性risk adjustment:风险调整discount factor:贴现因子idiosyncratic risk:非系统性风险premium:溢价Page11:marginal value:边际价值page12:covariance:协方差page13:portfolios of assets:资产投资组合average return:平均报酬multifactor models:多因素模型multiple portfolios:多种投资组合page14:Factor Pricing Models:因子定价模型claim:债权option pricing:期权定价Financial Terminologies for Slides of Consumption-based CAPMPage 2:The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM):资本资产定价模型expected stock returns:预期股票收益equilibrium:均衡homogeneous:齐次perfect competition:完全竞争taxes:税收transactions costs:交易成本riskfree rate:无风险利率Page 3:Security Market Line:证券市场线market portfolio:市场资产组合risk premium:风险溢价market price:市场价格Page 4:macroeconomic variables:宏观经济变量endogenize:内生化risk-averse:风险厌恶consumption:消费financial assets:金融资产asset prices:资产价格Page 5:subjective rate of time-preference:主观时间偏好率dividends:红利exogenous labour income:外生劳动收入Page 6:future payoff:未来回报time additive utility:效用的时间可加性endowment:禀赋trading strategy:交易策略Page 7:Euler equation:欧拉方程marginal change:边际变化net returns:净收益Page 8:stochastic discount factor:随机贴现因子Law of One Price:一价定律principle of no arbitrage:无套利准则asset pricing theories:资产定价理论intertemporal marginal rate of substitution in consumption:跨期边际消费替代率Page 9:power utility:幂函数效用Constant Relative Risk Aversion:常相对风险厌恶系数log utility::对数效用L’Hopital’s rule:络必达法则risk-neutrality:风险中性exponential utility:指数效用Page 10:positively correlated:正相关smooth consumption:平滑消费Page 11:endogenous:内生exogenous:外生Page 12:Jointly Log-normally Distributed:联合对数正态分布variances:方差covariance:协方差real interest rates:真实利率precautionary saving:预防性储蓄Page 13:Jensen’s inequality effect:詹森不等式效应logarithms:对数Page 14:ex ante risk-premium:事前风险溢价analogy:类比、类推Page 17:Testing and Evaluating the C-CAPM:消费资本资产定价模型的检验和评估short-term bonds:短期债券stochastic discount factor 随机贴现因子sample counterpart:样本副本Page 18:ex post equity premium:事后股本溢价Page 19:equity Premium Puzzle:股本溢价之谜statistically insignificant:统计非显著mean risk-adjusted equity premium:风险调整股本溢价均值Page 20:Risk-Free Rate Puzzle:无风险利率之谜denominator:分母theoretical and empirical finance:理论和实证金融。
经济金融术语汉英对照表
经济金融术语汉英对照表中文术语英文术语宏观经济学Macroeconomics微观经济学Microeconomics地区生产总值(GDP)Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 通货膨胀Inflation通货紧缩Deflation国内生产总值(GDP)Gross National Product (GNP) 名义GDP Nominal GDP实际GDP Real GDP人均GDP Per Capita GDP全民国民收入Per Capita National Income社会生产总值(Gross SocialProduct, GSP)Gross Social Product (GSP)国内生产总值增长率(GDP growth rate)Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate投资Investment消费Consumption净出口Net Exports备受关注的经济指标Key Economic Indicators通货Currency货币政策Monetary Policy货币供应量Money Supply货币政策利率Monetary Policy Interest Rates 联邦基金利率Federal Funds Rate基准利率Benchmark Interest Rate 外汇市场Foreign Exchange Market 实物经济Real Economy虚拟经济Virtual Economy金融市场Financial Market股票市场Stock Market债券市场Bond Market商品市场Commodity Market期货市场Futures Market外汇市场Foreign Exchange Market 金融机构Financial Institutions银行Bank证券公司Securities Company保险公司Insurance Company基金公司Fund Company资本市场Capital Market利率市场Interest Rate Market内部收入机制Internal Income Mechanism 资本市场有价证券交易所Capital Market SecuritiesExchange股份制Joint-Stock System公司Corporation股票Stock优先股Preferred Stock普通股Common Stock证券Securities债券Bond地方债券Municipal Bond政府债券Government Bond企业债券Corporate Bond金融派生工具Financial Derivatives期权Option期货Futures互换合同Swap Contract外汇Foreign Exchange货币市场Money Market投资基金Investment Fund公开市场操作Open Market Operations逆回购Reverse Repurchase Agreements货币购买政策Monetary Purchase Policy信贷政策Credit Policy空头市场Bear Market多头市场Bull Market黑市Black Market灰色市场Gray Market以上是经济金融领域中一些常用的中文和英文术语的对照表。
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总在金融行业中,掌握和了解中英文词汇的对照非常重要。
本文将汇总一些常见的金融行业词汇,以便读者可以更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. 金融市场•Financial Market(金融市场)•Stock Market(股票市场)•Bond Market(债券市场)•Foreign Exchange Market(外汇市场)•Commodity Market(商品市场)•Derivatives Market(衍生品市场)2. 金融产品•Stocks(股票)•Bonds(债券)•Mutual Funds(共同基金)•ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds)(交易所交易基金)•Options(期权)•Futures(期货)•Swaps(掉期协议)•Currencies(货币)•Commodities(商品)3. 金融机构•Bank(银行)•Commercial Bank(商业银行)•Investment Bank(投资银行)•Central Bank(中央银行)•Insurance Company(保险公司)•Brokerage Firm(经纪公司)•Asset Management Company(资产管理公司)4. 财务指标•Net Income(净利润)•Revenue(营业收入)•Expenses(费用)•Assets(资产)•Liabilities(负债)•Equity(股东权益)•Return on Investment(投资回报率)•Profit Margin(利润率)•Cash Flow(现金流)•Earnings per Share(每股收益)5. 金融服务•Banking Services(银行服务)•Investment Services(投资服务)•Insurance Services(保险服务)•Financial Planning(财务规划)•Wealth Management(财富管理)•Risk Management(风险管理)•Retirement Planning(退休规划)•Tax Services(税务服务)6. 金融专业名词•Economics(经济学)•Finance(金融学)•Accounting(会计学)•Portfolio Management(投资组合管理)•Asset Allocation(资产配置)•Risk Assessment(风险评估)•Hedge Fund(对冲基金)•Interest Rate(利率)•Inflation(通胀)•Capital(资本)7. 国际金融相关词汇•International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)•World Bank(世界银行)•Export(出口)•Import(进口)•Balance of Trade(贸易差额)•Foreign Direct Investment(外国直接投资)•Exchange Rate(汇率)•Trade Surplus(贸易顺差)•Trade Deficit(贸易逆差)•Sovereign Debt(主权债务)以上仅为一些常见的金融行业中英文词汇对照,读者可以根据需要进一步扩充和学习。
常用金融词汇中英对照
常用金融词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了常用金融词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦! 常用金融词汇中英对照:acquiring company 收购公司bad loan 呆帐chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰debt to equity 债转股diversity of equities 股权多元化economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济exchange-rate regime 汇率机制fund and financing 筹资融资global financial architecture 全球金融体系global integration, globality 全球一体化,全球化go public 上市growth spurt (经济的)急剧增长have one's "two commas" 百万富翁hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股,所持股份holding company 控股公司initial offerings 原始股initial public offerings 首次公募innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本inter-bank lending 拆借internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期joint-stock 参股mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹mergers and acquisitions 并购mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业moods 人气net potato 网虫non-store seling 直销offering 新股online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融online client (银行的)网上客户paper profit 帐面收益physical assets 有形资产project fund system 项目资本金制度pyramid sale 传销recapitalize 资产重组regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团regulate 调控sell off 变现share(stock) option 期权,股票认购权smart card 智能卡slash prices 杀价spare capacity 闲置的生产能力strong growth 强劲的增长势头switch trade 转手贸易take…public 上市tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产transaction (银行的) 交易transfer payment from the exchequer 财政转移支付venture-capital 风险资本virtual bank 虚拟银行wire transfer 电子转帐。
金融业中英文对照表
金融业中英文对照表第一篇:金融业中英文对照表2M method 2M法 3M method 3M法A scores A值Accounting convention 会计惯例Accounting for acquisitions 购并的会计处理Accounting for debtors 应收账款核算 Accounting for depreciation 折旧核算Accounting for foreign currencies 外汇核算Accounting for goodwill 商誉核算Accounting for stocks 存货核算Accounting policies 会计政策Accounting standards 会计准则Accruals concept 权责发生原则Achieving credit control 实现信用控制Acid test ratio 酸性测试比率 Actual cash flow 实际现金流量Adjusting company profits 企业利润调整Advance payment guarantee 提前偿还保金Adverse trading 不利交易Advertising budget 广告预算Advising bank 通告银行Age analysis 账龄分析Aged debtors analysis 逾期账款分析Aged debtors'exception report 逾期应收款的特殊报告Aged debtors'exception report 逾期账款特别报告Aged debtors'report 逾期应收款报告 Aged debtors'report 逾期账款报告All—monies clause 全额支付条款 Amortization 摊销Analytical questionnaire 调查表分析 Analytical skills 分析技巧Analyzing financial risk 财务风险分析Analyzing financial statements 财务报表分析Analyzing liquidity 流动性分析Analyzing profitability 盈利能力分析Analyzing workingcapital 营运资本分析 Annual expenditure 年度支出Anticipating future income 预估未来收入Areas of financial ratios 财务比率分析的对象 Articles of incorporation 合并条款Asian crisis 亚洲(金融)危机Assessing companies 企业评估Assessing country risk 国家风险评估 Assessing credit risks 信用风险评估 Assessing strategic power 战略地位评估 Assessment of banks 银行的评估Asset conversion lending 资产转换贷款Asset protection lending 资产担保贷款Asset sale 资产出售Asset turnover 资产周转率Assets 资产Association of British Factors and Discounters 英国代理人与贴现商协会Auditor's report 审计报告 Aval 物权担保 Bad debt 坏账Bad debt level 坏账等级 Bad debt risk 坏账风险Bad debts performance 坏账发生情况 Bad loans 坏账Balance sheet 资产负债表Balance sheet structure 资产负债表结构Bank credit 银行信贷Bank failures 银行破产Bank loans.availability 银行贷款的可获得性Bank status reports 银行状况报告 Bankruptcy 破产Bankruptcy code 破产法Bankruptcy petition 破产申请书Basle agreement 塞尔协议Basle Agreement 《巴塞尔协议》 Behavorial scoring 行为评分Bill of exchange 汇票 Bill of lading 提单 BIS 国际清算银行BIS agreement 国际清算银行协定Blue chip 蓝筹股 Bonds 债券Book receivables 账面应收账款 Borrowing money 借人资金Borrowing proposition 借款申请 Breakthrough products 创新产品Budgets 预算Building company profiles 勾画企业轮廓Bureaux(信用咨询)公司Business development loan 商业开发贷款 Business failure 破产Business plan 经营计划 Business risk 经营风险 Buyer credits 买方信贷 Buyer power 购买方力量Buyer risks 买方风险CAMPARI 优质贷款原则Canons of lending 贷款原则 Capex 资本支出Capital adequacy 资本充足性Capital adequacy rules 资本充足性原则 Capital commitments 资本承付款项 Capital expenditure 资本支出 Capital funding 资本融资 Capital investment 资本投资 Capital strength 资本实力 Capital structure 资本结构Capitalization of interest 利息资本化Capitalizing development costs 研发费用资本化Capitalizing development expenditures 研发费用资本化Capitalizing interest costs 利息成本资本化 Cascade effect 瀑布效应Cash assets 现金资产Cash collection targets 现金托收目标 Cash cycle 现金循环周期Cash cycle ratios 现金循环周期比率Cash cycle times 现金循环周期时间 Cash deposit 现金储蓄Cash flow adjustments 现金流调整 Cash flow analysis 现金流量分析 Cash flow crisis 现金流危机 Cash flow cycle 现金流量周期Cash flow forecasts 现金流量预测 Cash flow lending 现金流贷出 Cash flow profile 现金流概况 Cash flow projections 现金流预测Cash flow statements 现金流量表Cash flows 现金流量Cash position 现金头寸Cash positive JE现金流量Cash rich companies 现金充足的企业Cash surplus 现金盈余Cash tank 现金水槽Cash-in-advance 预付现金Categorized cash flow 现金流量分类CE 优质贷款原则CEO 首席执行官Chairman 董事长,总裁 Chapter 11 rules 第十一章条款 Charge 抵押Charged assets 抵押资产Chief executive officer 首席执行官 Collateral security 抵押证券Collecting payments 收取付款Collection activitv 收款活动Collection cycle 收款环节Collection procedures 收款程序Collective credit risks 集合信用风险Comfortable liquidity positi9n 适当的流动性水平Commercial mortgage 商业抵押 Commercial paper 商业票据 Commission 佣金Commitment fees 承诺费 Common stock 普通股Common stockholders 普通股股东Company and its industry 企业与所处行业 Company assets 企业资产 Company liabilities 企业负债 Company loans 企业借款Competitive advantage 竞争优势Competitive forces 竞争力Competitive products 竞争产品 Complaint procedures 申诉程序Computerized credit information 计算机化信用信息Computerized diaries 计算机化日志 Confirmed letter of credit 承兑信用证Confirmed letters of credit 保兑信用证 Confirming bank 确认银行 Conservatism concept 谨慎原则 Consistency concept 一贯性原则 Consolidated accounts 合并报表Consolidated balance sheets 合并资产负债表Contingent liabilities 或有负债Continuing security clause 连续抵押条款Contractual payments 合同规定支出 Control limits 控制限度Control of credit activities 信用活动控制 Controlling credit 控制信贷Controlling credit risk 控制信用风险 Corporate credit analysis 企业信用分析Corporate credit controller 企业信用控制人员Corporate credit risk analysis 企业信用风险分析 Corporate customer 企业客户Corporate failure prediction models 企业破产预测模型Corporate lending 企业贷款Cost leadership 成本领先型Cost of sales 销售成本 Costs 成本Country limit 国家限额Country risk 国家风险Court judgments 法院判决 Covenant 贷款保证契约 Covenants 保证契约Creative accounting 寻机性会计 Credit analysis 信用分析Credit analysis of customers 客户信用分析Credit analysis of suppliers 供应商的信用分析Credit analysis on banks 银行信用分析 Credit analysts 信用分析 Credit assessment 信用评估Credit bureau reports 信用咨询公司报告 Credit bureaux 信用机构 Credit control 信贷控制Credit control activities 信贷控制活动Credit control performance reports 信贷控制绩效报告 Credit controllers 信贷控制人员Credit cycle 信用循环Credit decisions 信贷决策Creditdeterioration 信用恶化 Credit exposure 信用敞口Credit granting process 授信程序 Credit information 信用信息Credit information agency 信用信息机构 Credit insurance 信贷保险Credit insurance advantages 信贷保险的优势 Credit insurance brokers 信贷保险经纪人 Credit insurance limitations 信贷保险的局限Credit limits 信贷限额Credit limits for currency blocs 货币集团国家信贷限额 Credit limits for individual countries 国家信贷限额 Credit management 信贷管理 Credit managers 信贷经理Credit monitoring 信贷监控Credit notes 欠款单据 Credit period 信用期 Credit planning 信用计划 Credit policy 信用政策Credit policy issues 信用政策发布 Credit proposals 信用申请Credit protection 信贷保护Credit quality 信贷质量Credit rating 信用评级Credit rating agencies 信用评级机构 Credit rating process 信用评级程序Credit rating system 信用评级系统 Credit reference 信用咨询Credit reference agencies 信用评级机构 Credit risk 信用风险Credit risk assessment 信用风险评估 Credit risk exposure 信用风险敞口 Credit risk insurance 信用风险保险Credit risk.individual customers 个体信用风险Credit risk:bank credit 信用风险:银行信用 Credit risk:trade credit 信用风险:商业信用 Credit scoring 信用风险评分Credit scoring model 信用评分模型 Credit scoring system 信用评分系统Credit squeeze 信贷压缩Credit taken ratio 受信比率Credit terms 信贷条款Credit utilization reports 信贷利用报告 Credit vetting 信用审查Credit watch 信用观察 Credit worthiness 信誉Creditor days 应付账款天数Cross-default clause 交叉违约条款Currency risk 货币风险 Current assets 流动资产 Current debts 流动负债Current ratio requirement 流动比率要求Current ratios 流动比率 Customer care 客户关注Customer credit ratings 客户信用评级Customer liaison 客户联络Customer risks 客户风险Cut-off scores 及格线Cycle of credit monitoring 信用监督循环Cyclical business 周期性行业 Daily operating expenses 经营费用Day’s sales outstanding 收回应收账款的平均天数 Debentures 债券 Debt capital 债务资本Debt collection agency 债务托收机构Debt issuer 债券发行人Debt protection levels 债券保护级别Debt ratio 负债比率 Debt securities 债券Debt service ratio 还债率 Debtor days 应收账款天数 Debtor's assets 债权人的资产Default 违约Deferred payments 延期付款Definition of leverage 财务杠杆率定义 Deposit limits 储蓄限额Depositing money 储蓄资金Depreciation 折旧Depreciation policies 折旧政策Development budget 研发预算 Differentiation 差别化 Direct loss 直接损失Directors salaries 董事薪酬Discretionary cash flows 自决性现金流量Discretionary outflows 自决性现金流出 Distribution costs 分销成本Dividend cover 股息保障倍数Dividend payout ratio 股息支付率Dividends 股利Documentary credit 跟单信用证DSO 应收账款的平均回收期Duration of credit risk 信用风险期 Eastern bloc countries 东方集团国家EBITDA 扣除利息、税收、折旧和摊销之前的收益ECGD 出口信贷担保局Economic conditions 经济环境Economic cycles 经济周期Economic depression 经济萧条Economic growth 经济增长Economic risk 经济风险Electronic data interchange(EDI)电子数据交换 Environmental factors 环境因素Equity capital 权益资本 Equity finance 权益融资Equity stake 股权EU countries 欧盟国家 EU directives 欧盟法规 EUlaw 欧盟法律Eurobonds 欧洲债券European parliament 欧洲议会European Union 欧盟Evergreen loan 常年贷款Exceptional item 例外项目Excessive capital commitments 过多的资本承付款项Exchange controls 外汇管制Exchange-control regulations 外汇管制条例Exhaust method 排空法Existing competitors 现有竞争对手 Existing debt 未清偿债务Export credit agencies 出口信贷代理机构Export credit insurance 出口信贷保险 Export factoring 出口代理Export sales 出口额Exports Credit Guarantee Department 出口信贷担保局Extending credit 信贷展期 External agency 外部机构External assessment methods 外部评估方式External assessments 外部评估External information sources 外部信息来源Extraordinary items 非经常性项目Extras 附加条件 Facility account 便利账户 Factoring 代理Factoring debts 代理收账Factoring discounting 代理折扣Factors Chain International 国际代理连锁Failure prediction scores 财务恶化预测分值FASB(美国)财务会计准则委员会 Faulty credit analysis 破产信用分析 Fees 费用Finance,new business ventures 为新兴业务融资Finance,repay existing debt 为偿还现有债务融资Finance,working capital 为营运资金融资Financial assessment 财务评估Financial cash flows 融资性现金流量Financial collapse 财务危机Financial flexibility 财务弹性Financial forecast 财务预测Financial instability 财务的不稳定性Financial rating analysis 财务评级分析 Financial ratios 财务比率 Financial risk 财务风险Financial risk ratios 财务风险比率 Fitch IBCA 惠誉评级Fitch IBCA ratings 惠誉评级Fixed assets 固定资产Fixed charge 固定费用Fixed charge cover 固定费用保障倍数Fixed costs 固定成本Floating assets 浮动资产 Floating charge 浮动抵押 Floor planning 底价协议 Focus 聚焦Forced sale risk 强制出售风险Foreign exchange markets 外汇市场 Forfaiting 福费廷Formal credit rating 正式信用评级 Forward rate agreements 远期利率协议 FRAs 远期利率协议 Fund managers 基金经理FX transaction 外汇交易GAAP 公认会计准则 Gearing 财务杠杆率Geographical spread of markets 市场的地理扩展Global target 全球目标Going concern concept 持续经营原则Good lending 优质贷款Good times 良好时期Government agencies 政府机构 Government interference 政府干预 Gross income 总收入Guarantee of payment 支付担保Guaranteed loans 担保贷款Guarantees 担保High credit quality 高信贷质量High credit risks 高信贷风险High default risk 高违约风险 High interest rates 高利率High risk regions 高风险区域Highly speculative 高度投机High-risk loan 高风险贷款High-value loan 高价值贷款Historical accounting 历史会计处理Historical cost 历史成本 IAS 国际会计准则IASC 国际会计准则委员会IBTT 息税前利润ICE 优质贷款原则Idealliquidity ratios 理想的流动性比率Implied debt rating 隐含债务评级Importance of credit control 信贷控制的重要性Improved products 改进的产品I Improving reported asset values 改善资产账面价值In house assessment 内部评估In house credit analysis 内部信用分析In house credit assessments 内部信用评估In house credit ratings 内部信用评级Income bonds 收入债券 Income statement 损益表Increasing profits 提高利润Increasing reported profits 提高账面利润Indemnity clause 赔偿条款Indicators of credit deterioration 信用恶化征兆 Indirect loss 间接损失Individual credit transactions 个人信用交易 Individual rating 个体评级Industrial reports 行业报告Industrial unrest 行业动荡Industry limit 行业限额 Industry risk 行业风险Industry risk analysis 行业风险分析 Inflow 现金流入Information in financial statements 财务报表中的信息In-house credit ratings 内部信用评级 Initial payment 初始支付Insolvencies 破产Institutional investors 机构投资者Insured debt 投保债务Intangible fixed asset 无形固定资产Inter-company comparisons 企业间比较 Inter-company loans 企业间借款 Interest 利息Interest cost 利息成本Interest cover ratio 利息保障倍数Interest cover test 利息保障倍数测试 Interest holiday 免息期Interest payments 利息支付 Interest rates 利率Interim statements 中报(中期报表)Internal assessment methods 内部评估方法 Internal financing ratio 内部融资率Internal Revenue Service 美国国税局International Accounting Standards Committee 国际会计准则委员会International Accounting Standards(IAS)国际会计准则International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会 International credit ratings 国际信用评级International Factoring Association 国际代理商协会International settlements 国际结算 Inventory 存货Inverse of current ratio 反转流动比率Investment analysts 投资分析人员 Investment policy 投资政策Investment risk 投资风险Investment spending 投资支出Invoice discounting 发票贴现 Issue of bonds 债券的发行Issued debt capital 发行债务资本 Junk bond status 垃圾债券状况Just-in-time system(JIT)适时系统Key cash flow ratios 主要现金流量指标Labor unrest 劳动力市场动荡Large.scale borrower 大额借贷者 Legal guarantee 法律担保Legal insolvency 法律破产Lending agreements 贷款合约 Lending covenants 贷款保证契约Lending decisions 贷款决策Lending proposals 贷款申请Lending proposition 贷款申请Lending transactions 贷款交易Letters of credit 信用证Leverage 财务杠杆率LIBOR 伦敦同业拆借利率 Lien 留置Liquid assets 速动资产 Liquidation 清算Liquidation expenses 清算费 Liquidity 流动性Liquidity and working capital 流动性与营运资金Liquidity ratios 流动比率 Liquidity run 流动性危机Liquidity shortage 流动性短缺 Loan covenants 贷款合约 Loan guarantees 贷款担保 Loan principal 贷款本金Loan principal repayments 贷款本金偿还 Loan review 贷款审查London Inter-bank Offered Rate 伦敦同业拆借利率Long’term debt 长期负债 Long-term funding 长期融资Long-term risk 长期风险Management 管理层Marginal lending 边际贷款Marginal trade credit 边际交易信贷 Market surveys 市场调查Marketing 市场营销 Markets 市场Matching concept 配比原则Material adverse-change clause 重大不利变动条款 Maximum leverage level 最高财务杠杆率限制 Measurement and judgment 计量与判断 Measuring risk 风险计量 Medium-term loan 中期贷款Microcomputer modelling 计算机建模Minimum current ratio requirement 最低流动比率要求Minimum leverage ratio 最低举债比率 Minimum net worth 最低净值Minimum net-worth requirement 最低净值要求 Minimum risk asset ratio 最低风险资产比率Monitoring activity 监管活动Monitoring credit 信用监控Monitoring customer credit limits 监管客户信贷限额Monitoring risks 监管风险Monitoring total credit limits 监管全部信贷限额Monthly reports 月报Moody's debt rating 穆迪债券评级 Mortgage 抵押mpr’oving balance she et 改善资产负债表Multiple discriminate analysis 多元分析National debt 国家债务 NCI 无信贷间隔天数Near-cash assets近似于现金的资产 Negative cash flow 负现金流量Negative net cash flow 负净现金流量Negative operational cash flows 负的经营性现金流量Negative pledge 限制抵押Net book value 净账面价值Net cash flow 净现金流量Net worth test 净值测试New entrants 新的市场进人者 No credit interval 无信贷间隔天数 Non-cash items 非现金项目 Non-core business 非核心业务Non-operational items 非经营性项目Obtaining payment 获得支付One-man rule 一人原则Open account terms 无担保条款Operating leases 经营租赁 Operating profit 营业利润Operational cash flow 营性现金流量 Operational flexibility ~营弹性 Optimal credit 最佳信贷 Order cycle 订货环节Ordinary dividend payments 普通股股利支付 Organization of credit activities 信贷活动的组织 Overdue payments 逾期支付 Over-trading 过度交易Overview of accounts 财务报表概览·Parent company 母公司PAT 税后利润Payment in advance 提前付款 Payment obligations 付款义务Payment records 付款记录 Payment score 还款评分 PBIT 息税前利润 PBT 息后税前利润Percentage change 百分比变动 Performance bonds 履约保证Personal guarantees 个人担保Planning systems 计划系统Pledge 典押Points-scoring system 评分系统 Policy setting 政策制定Political risk 政治风险Potential bad debt 潜在坏账Potential credit risk 潜在信用风险 Potential value 潜在价值Predicting corporate failures 企业破产预测Preference dividends 优先股股息Preferred stockholders 优先股股东Preliminary assessment 预备评估 Premiums 溢价Primary ratios 基础比率Prior charge capital 优先偿付资本 Priority cash flows 优先性现金流量 Priority for creditors 债权人的清偿顺序 Priority payments 优先支付Product life cycle 产品生命周期Product market analysis 产品市场分析 Product range 产品范围Products 产品 Professional fees 专业费用 Profit 利润Profit and loss account 损益账户Profit margin 利润率Profitability 盈利能力Profitability management 盈利能力管理 Profitability ratios 盈利能力比率 Promissory notes 本票Property values 所有权价值Providers of credit 授信者Provision accounting 准备金会计处理 Prudence concept 谨慎原则 Public information 公共信息 Public relations 公共关系Purpose of credit ratings 信用评级的目的 Purpose of ratios 计算比率的目的 Qualitative covenants 定性条款Quantitative covenants 定量条款Query control 质疑控制Quick ratio 速动比率Rating exercise 评级实践 Rating process for a company 企业评级程序 Ratio analysis 比率分析Ratio analyst weaknesses ~L率分析的缺陷 Real insolvency 真实破产Real sales growth 实际销售收入增长率 Realization concept 实现原则 Receivables 应收账款 Recession 衰退Reducing debtors 冲减应收账款 Reducing profits 冲减利润Reducing provisions 冲减准备金Reducing reported profits 冲减账面利润 Reducing stocks 减少存货Registrar of Companies 企业监管局 Regulatory risk 监管风险Releasing provisions 冲回准备金 Relocation expenses 费用再分配 Reminder letters 催缴单Repayment on demand clause 即期偿还条款Replacement of principal 偿还本金 Report of chairman 总裁/董事长报告 Reserve accounting 准备金核算 Residual cash flows 剩余现金流量 Restricting bad debts 限制坏账 Restrictions on secured borrowing 担保借款限制 Retention-of-title clauses 所有权保留条款Revenues 总收入Risk analysis reports 风险分析报告 Risk and banks 风险与银行Risk and companies 风险与企业 Risk and Return 风险与回报 Risk capital 风险资本Risk-reward 风险回报Risk-weighted assets 风险加权资产 ROCE 资本收益率Romapla clauses “一手交钱一手交货”条款Sales 销售额Secondary ratios 分解比率Secure methods of payment 付款的担保方式Secured assets 担保资产Secured creditors 有担保债权人 Secured loans 担保贷款Securities and Exchange Commission(美国)证券交易委员会Security guarantees 抵押担保Security of payment 付款担保Security general principles 担保的一般原则 Segmentation 细分Setting and policing credit limits 信用限额的设定与政策制定Settlement discount(提前)结算折扣Settlement terms 结算条款Share price 股价Short-term borrowing 短期借款Short-term creditors 短期负债 Short-term liabilities 短期债务Short-termism 短期化 SIC 常务诠释委员会Significance of working capital 营运资金的重要性 Single credit customer 单一信用客户Single ratio analysis 单一比率分析 Size of credit risk 信用风险的大小Slow stock turnover 较低的存货周转率Sources of assessments 评估信息来源Sources of credit information 信用信息来源 Sources of risk 风险来源Sovereign rating 主权评级Specialist agencies 专业机构Specific debt issue 特别债券发行 Speculative 投机性Speculative grades 投机性评级 Split rating 分割评级Spot rate 现价(即期比率)Spreadsheets 电子数据表Staff redundancies 员工遣散费Standard and Poor 标准普尔Standard security clauses 标准担保条款Standard&Poor's 标准普尔 Standby credits 备用信用证Standing Interpretations Committee 证券交易委员会Standing starting credit limits 持续更新信用限额Statistical analysis 统计分析Statistical techniques 统计技巧Status reports(企业)状况报告Stock valuations 存货核算Stocks 股票Straight line depreciation method 直线折旧法Strategic positioning 战略定位Suplus assets 盈余资产 Suplus rating 盈余评级Supplier power 供应商的力量Supply chain 供应链Support rating 支持评级 Swap agreement 换合约Swaps 互换SWOT analysis SWOT分析Symptoms of failure questionnaires 企业破产征兆调查表Takeovers 收购Tax payments 税务支付Technical insolvency 技术破产Technology and change 技术进步Term loan 定期贷款Term of borrowing 借款期限Third party guarantees 第三方担保Tier 1 capital 一类资本 Tier 2 capital 二类资本Total credit limit 整体信用限额 T otal current assets 流动资产总额Trade companies 贸易企业 Trade credit 商业信用Trade creditors 应付账款Trade cycle 商业循环Trade cycle times 商业循环周期Trade debt 应收账款Trade debtors 贸易债权人Trade Indemnity 贸易赔偿Trade references 贸易参考 Trade-off 协定Trading outlook 交易概况 Trading profit 营业利润Traditional cash flow 传统现金流量Triple A 三AUCP 跟单信用证统一惯例Uncovered dividend 未保障的股利Uniform Customs&Practice 跟单信用证统一惯例Unpaid invoices 未付款发票Unsecured creditors 未担保的债权人Usefulness of liquidity ratios 流动性比率的作用Uses of cash 现金的使用Using bank risk information 使用银行风险信息 Using financialassessments 使用财务评估 Using ratios 财务比率的运用Using retention-of-title clauses 使用所有权保留条款Value chain 价值链 Value of Z scores Z值模型的价值Variable costs 变动成本 Variable interest 可变利息Variety of financial ratios 财务比率的种类Vetting procedures 审查程序Volatitle revenue dynamic 收益波动Volume of sales 销售量Warning signs of credit risk 信用风险的警示 Working assets 营运资产 working capital 营运资本Working capital changes 营运资本变化额Working capital management 营运资本管理 working capitalratios 营运资本比率Write-downs 资产减值Write-offs 勾销Z score assessments Z值评估 z score models z值模型Z scores z值Z scoring Z值评分系统第二篇:乐器中英文对照表Woodwinds: 木管乐器Brass:铜管乐器 1.Piccolo 短笛 2.Flute 长笛3.Soprano Recorder 高音竖笛4.Oboe 双簧管5.English Horn 英国管6.Bassoon 大管7.Contrabassoon 低音巴松8.Clarinet in Eb 降E调单簧管(小黑管)9.Clarinet in A A调单簧管10.Clarinet in Bb 降B调单簧管11.Bass Clarinet 低音单簧管12.Soprano Saxophone 高音萨克斯 13.ALto Saxophone 中音萨克斯 14.Tenor Saxophone 次中音萨克斯 15.Baritone Saxophone 上低音萨克斯 16.Alto Flute 中音长笛* 17.Bass Flute 低音长笛 18.Oboe d' Amore 双簧管的一种 19.Piccolo Clarinet 高音单簧管*20.Alto Clarinet 中音单簧管(Eb调的,属于低音单簧管)21.Contrabass Clarinet 倍低音单簧管 22.Descant Recorder 高音竖笛23.Alto Recorder 中音竖笛24.Tenor Recorder 次中音竖笛25.Bass Recorder 低音竖笛 26.Bagpipes 风笛27.Basset Horn 巴赛管(单簧管)28.Panpipes 排萧Organ(风琴)Church Organ 教堂管风琴Draw Organ 拉杆式舌风琴Percussion Organ 敲击试管风琴Pipe Organ 管风琴Reed Organ 簧风琴Rock Organ 摇滚管风琴1.Cornet 短号2.Trumpet in Bb 降B调小号3.Trumpet in C C调小号4.Flugelhorn 夫吕号(行进乐队常用)5.Horn in F F调圆号6.Trombone 长号7.Tenor Trombone 次中音长号8.Bass Tromone 低音长号9.Baritone(T.C.)次中音号 10.Baritone 次中音 11.Euphonium 小低音号 12.Tuba 大号13.Bass Tuba 低音大号 14.Piccolo Cornet 高音短号15.Piccolo Trumpet in A A调高音小号 16.Bass Trumpet in C C 调低音小号 17.Alto Trombone 中音长号 18.Contrabass Trombone 倍低音长号Drums: 鼓 1.Drum Set 架子鼓2.Bongo Drums 邦加鼓(用手指敲的小鼓,夹在两腿间)3.Timbales 蒂姆巴尔鼓4.Conga Drums 康加鼓(橄榄型)5.Snare Drum 小军鼓6.Quad Toms 4组鼓筒鼓7.Quint T oms 五组筒鼓8.Tenor Drum 次高音鼓9.T om Toms 筒鼓 10.Roto T oms 轮鼓 11.Bass Drum 低音鼓12.Aerial Tom-T oms 悬空通通鼓13.Floor Tom-T om/Tom-T om/T enor Drum 落地通通鼓/中鼓14.Hi-Hat Cymbal 脚钹 15.Side Cymbal 小钹 16.Top Cymbal 大钹 17.Side Drum 击边Ethnic and Other Instrument 民族乐器Accordion 手风琴Agogo bell 阿哥哥铃Alpine Herd Cowbell牧牛铃Angklung 摇竹Appalachian Dulcimer 阿帕拉契扬琴(美国的民族乐器)Autoharp ***齐特琴Bagpipe 风笛(苏格兰民俗乐器)Balalaika 巴拉拉卡琴(俄国的弦乐器之一,琴身呈三角形)Bamboo chime 竹风铃Bandurria 墨西哥传统吉他Banjo 班左琴/五弦琴(相传源起於西非,以手指奏鸣的五弦或六弦的乐器)Bell plate 铁片Bell tree 树铃Bongos 邦哥小对鼓/曼波鼓(拉丁音乐)Boobam 火箭筒鼓Bouzouki 布祖基琴(一种形状似曼陀林的希腊弦乐器)Cabasa 椰予沙铃/卡巴沙铃/串珠沙铃Castanets 响板(常用於西班牙佛们哥舞曲)Caxixi 编织摇铃Charango 夏朗哥吉他/小型八弦(盛行於中南美)Chinese hand drum 手摇鼓Chinese temple bell 中国钵Citterns 西特恩(类似吉他的梨形古乐器,流行於十五至十八世纪) Concertina 六角形手风琴(用於阿根廷探戈曲)Conga 康加鼓/细长型大手鼓/墨西哥鼓(拉丁音乐)Cowbell 牛铃Crumhorn 克鲁姆管/钩形管/J形管(流行於15世纪末叶)Cuica 锯加鼓Darabucca 土耳其手鼓Didgeridoo 澳洲土著的吹管乐器Djembe 非洲鼓(源起於非洲之肯亚部落,属於原住民型之乐器) Domra 苏俄传统乐器(状似吉他,三或四弦)Fiddle 古提琴Fife 横笛Flageolet 六孔的竖笛Flexatone 弹音器Frame drum 手鼓Gadulka 一种保加利亚传统的弦乐器Gaida 风笛(保加利亚的传统乐器)Gamelan 木琴(印尼的一种竹制打击乐器)Glass chime 玻璃风铃Guiro 葫芦锯琴/刮胡/刮葫(拉丁音乐)Gusli 古斯里琴(一种俄国古代的弦乐器)Harmonica/Mouth-Organ 口琴Hurdy-Gurdy 绞弦琴/手摇风琴(18世纪流行於法国社交界)Japanese temple bell 日本钵Jew’s Harp 口拨琴/单簧口琴Kalimba 卡林巴琴Kantele 齐特琴(芬兰)Kaval 长笛/牧羊人的笛子(保加利亚的传统乐器)Kazoo 卡祖笛(一种木制或金属制玩具笛子)Kokiriko 鼓牌板Koto 科多琴Lithophone 石板琴Lute 诗琴/鲁特琴(最古老的乐器之一)Lyre 七弦竖琴(古希腊)Mark tree / Wind chime 风铃Mirliton 膜笛Nefer 古埃及吉他Ocarina 亚卡利那笛/陶制甘薯形笛/小鹅笛(17世纪后半源於义大利)Ocean drum 波浪鼓Panpipe 排笛/牧神笛Pifano 印地安鼓Quena 八孔木笛(安第斯山脉民族的乐器,声音浑厚)Ratchet 辣齿/嘎嘎器Roarer/Barker 吼声器Saltepry 萨泰里琴(上古及中古的乐器,可能源自伊朗、印度)Shaker 金属沙铃Shamisen 三弦琴(日本)Shanai 山奈琴Sistrum 叉铃/ㄙㄙ铃(古埃及)Sitar 锡他琴/西塔琴/西他琴(形似吉他的北印度民族弦乐器)Slit drum 非洲裂缝鼓Steel Drum 钢鼓(来自於加勒比海的千里达)Surdo 印地安笛Symphonle 三弦共鸣弦乐器(约十三世纪前出现)Tablas 塔布拉鼓/印度鼓(印度的一种手敲小鼓)TaikoDrum/Kodo 太鼓(日本)Talking drum 讯息鼓Tambura 冬不拉(保加利亚的民俗弦乐器)Thunder sheet 雷板Timbales 天巴鼓/廷巴鼓Tin Whistle / Penny Whistle 六孔小笛/锡笛(镀锡铁皮所制造的玩具笛)Tub Fiddle 金盆琴Tupan 牛皮鼓Ukulele/Ukelele 尤库里里琴(源於葡萄牙,形如小吉他的弦乐器) Vibra-slap 震荡器/震音板Vihuela 古吉他(源起於墨西哥)Viola da Gamba 古大提琴Waterphone 水琴Whistle 哨子Wind machine 风声器Zither 齐特琴(欧洲的一种扁形弦乐琴)Dulcimer 扬琴Crotales/Antique cymbal 古钹 Temple block 西洋木鱼Electric Instrument 电子乐器Clavinova 数位钢琴/数位化电子琴Double-Neck Guitar 双颈吉他Electone 电子琴Electric Guitar 电吉他Electric Organ 电子琴Electric Piano 电钢琴Electronic Piano 电子钢琴Pedal Steel Guitar/Hawaiian Guitar 立式电吉他/夏威夷式电吉他Portatone keyboards 手提电子琴Synthesizer 电子合成器Percussion: 小打击乐器1.Percussion 小打击乐器组2.Wind Chimes3.Bell Tree 音树 4.Triangle 三角铁 5.Crotales 响板6.Finger Cymbals 手指小镲7.Sleigh Bells 马铃8.Cymbals 大镲9.Cowbell 牛铃10.Agogo Bells(由两个锥型铁筒组成,比牛玲音高)11.Flexatone12.Musical Saw 乐锯 13.Brake Drum 闸鼓 14.Tam Tam 大锣15.Gong 锣16.Claves 响棒17.Slapstick 击板18.VibraSlap19.Sand Block 沙轮20.Ratchet 齿轮剐响器21.Guiro (木制,用铁棍剐)22.Cuica(发出的声音象狗叫的拉丁乐器)23.Maracas 沙槌24.Castanets 响板25.Wood Blocks 盒棒26.Temple Blocks 木鱼27.Log Drum 木鼓 28.Tambourine 铃鼓 29.Whistle 哨 30.Siren 汽笛 31.Jawbone32.Anvil 乐钻 33.Bar Chimes 风铃 34.Crash cymbal 双面钹 35.Finger Cymbal 手指钹 36.Gong 锣37.Jingle-ring 铃环38.Maracas 响葫芦/沙球/沙铃39.Rotary Tom 轮旋鼓 40.Sleighbells 雪铃 41.Suspended Cymbal 吊钹Plucked Strings: 弹拨乐 1.Harp 竖琴 2.Guitar 吉他 3.Scoustic Guitar4.electric Guitar 电吉他 5.Banjo 班卓6.Bass 贝司7.Acoustic Bass 非电贝斯 8.Electric Bass 电贝司 9.String Bass 弦贝司 10.Mandolin 曼陀林 11.Lute 琉特琴ulele 夏威夷四弦琴 13.Zither 齐特尔琴 14.Sitar 锡塔尔琴Keybords: 键盘 1.Piano 钢琴 an 管风琴 3.Harpsichord 大键琴4.Celesta 钢片琴5.Accordion 手风琴6.Clavichord 古钢琴7.Harmonium 脚踏式风琴 8.Synthesizer 电子合成器Chorus: 合唱 1.Soprano 女高2.Soprano Ⅰ 女高1 3.Soprano Ⅱ 女高2 4.Mezzo-Soprano 女次高5.Contralto 女低6.Alto 女低7.Counter-Tenor8.T enor 男高9.Tenor Ⅰ 男高1 10.Tenor Ⅱ 男高2 11.Baritone 男中 12.Bass 男低13.Bass Ⅰ 男低1 14.Bass Ⅱ 男低2 15.Voice 人声 16.Vocals 元音Strings: 弦乐 1.Violin 小提琴2.Violin Ⅰ 小提琴1 3.Violin Ⅱ 小提琴2 4.Viola 中提琴 5.Cello 大提琴6.Violoncello 低音提琴7.Contrabass 低音提琴8.Double Bass 倍低音提琴9.Solo Violin 独奏小提琴10.Solo VIola 独奏中提琴11.Solo Cello 独奏大提琴12.Solo Bass 独奏低音提琴13.Viola d' AmoreHandbells: 手铃 1.Handbells 手铃2.Handbells(T.C)手铃(中音)钢琴0 Acoustic Grand Piano 大钢琴(声学钢琴)1 Bright Acoustic Piano 明亮的钢琴2 Electric Grand Piano 电钢琴3 Honky-tonk Piano 酒吧钢琴4 Rhodes Piano 柔和的电钢琴5 Chorused Piano 加合唱效果的电钢琴 6 Harpsichord 羽管键琴(拨弦古钢琴)7 Clavichord 科拉维科特琴(击弦古钢琴)色彩打击乐器8 Celesta 钢片琴9 Glockenspiel 钟琴10 Music box 八音盒11 Vibraphone 颤音琴12 Marimba 马林巴13 Xylophone 木琴14 Tubular Bells 管钟15 Dulcimer 大扬琴风琴Hammond Organ 击杆风琴17 Percussive Organ 打击式风琴18 Rock Organ 摇滚风琴19 Church Organ 教堂风琴20 Reed Organ 簧管风琴21 Accordian 手风琴22 Harmonica 口琴Tango Accordian 探戈手风琴吉他Acoustic Guitar(nylon)尼龙弦吉他25 Acoustic Guitar(steel)钢弦吉他26 Electric Guitar(jazz)爵士电吉他27 Electric Guitar(clean)清音电吉他28 Electric Guitar(muted)闷音电吉他29 Overdriven Guitar 加驱动效果的电吉他30 Distortion。
常用金融术语中英对照
熟练掌握名目繁多金融术语除了是专业人士的必修课外,在金融渗透、人人参与投资的时代,了解一些常用的金融术语也对普通投资者们大有益处。
本文就为你详细列举了一些常用的可中英文对照的金融术语,帮助你了解生活中的金融。
金融资产组合(Portfolio) :指投资者持有的一组资产。
一个资产多元化的投资组合通常会包含股票、债券、货币市场资产、现金以及实物资产如黄金等。
证券投资(Portfolio Investment) :国际收支中、资本帐下的一个项目,反映资本跨国进行证券投资的情况,与直接投资不同,后者涉及在国外设立公司开展业务,直接参与公司的经营管理。
证券投资则一般只是被动地持有股票或债券。
投资组合经理(Portfolio Manager):替投资者管理资产组合的人,通常获授权在约定规范下自由运用资金。
共同基金的投资组合经理负责执行投资策略,将资金投资在各类资产上。
头寸(Position) :就证券投资而言,头寸是指在一项资产上做多(即拥有)或做空(即借入待还)的数量。
总资产收益率(ROTA) :资产收益率是企业净利润与平均资产总额地百分比,也叫资产回报率(ROA),它是用来衡量每单位资产创造多少净利润的指标。
其计算公式为:资产收益率=净利润/平均资产总额×100%;该指标越高,表明企业资产利用效果越好,说明企业在增加收入和节约资金使用等方面取得了良好的效果,否则相反。
整批交易(Round Lot Trade) :指按证券和商品在市场最普遍的交易单位(例如100股为一单位)进行的交易。
交易回合(Round Turn):指在同一市场上通过对两种证券或合约一买一卖,或一卖一买的交易两相抵消。
通常在计算手续费时会提及交易回合。
缩略语有资产担保的证券(ABS)国际外汇交易商协会(ACI)现货(Actuals)亚洲开发银行(ADB)美国预托证券(ADR)非洲开发银行(AFDB)年度股东大会(AGM)另类投资市场(AIM)明日(T/N)债券有资产担保的证券(ABS)卖方报价(Ask)最优价指令(At Best)平价(At Par)拍卖(Auction)回购利率(Repo Rate)申报交易商(Reporting Dealer)债务重新安排(Rescheduling)备用贷款(Standby Loan)风险投资和新股发行增值性(Accretive)收购(Acquisition)共同行动(Acting in Concert)关联公司(Affiliate)另类投资市场(AIM)将公司资产拆卖(Asset Stripping)投资风险极高(Toxic)认购不足(Undersubscribed)承销商(Underwriter)技术分析收集(Accumulation)分析师(Analyst)柱状图(Bar Chart) :柱状图(Histogram)也叫直方图,是一种统计报告图,由一系列高度不等的纵向条纹表示数据分布的情况。
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词汇表(1)Abnormal rate of return 异常收益率某证券的实际收益率和根据市场收益率和与市场相关程度计算的该证券的预期收益率之间的差。
Accumulation phase 积累阶段个人在工作生涯的前半期,通过资产积聚以满足短期需求和达到长期目标的投资生命周期Actuarial rate of return 精算收益率一种用于计算某一特定福利养老金计划未来现金流现值的贴现率,以此确定公司对此计划年度贡献的大小。
American Depository Receipts (ADRs) 美国存股证(或称美国预托收据、美国存托凭证)一种由美国银行出具的,证明持有人对某一外国公司股票拥有间接所有权的所有权凭证。
股权存放在公司母国的银行内。
Analysis effect 分析效应根据某个特定指数选择的债权组合的收益率和通过买卖某些短期内定价不合理然后向合理价格回归的债券所获得收益率之间的差。
Anomalies 异常证券价格关系同一个众所周知的假说——有效市场假说相矛盾。
Arbitrage 套利(套汇)一种交易方在交易中无需资本承诺和风险承担即能获得保证收益的交易策略。
套利交易的一个简单例子就是同一时间里,同一证券因在不同市场上存在价格差异而进行的交易活动。
Arbitrage pricing theory (APT) 套利定价理论一种用与金融资产相关的一些风险因素描述该金融资产预期收益率的理论。
Arithmetic mean (AM) 算术平均数一种计算年平均收益率的方法,将持有期总收益率除以持有年数即得算术平均数的年平均收益率。
Asset allocation资产配置为了一定投资目的,决定如何在不同资产类别间分配投资者财富的过程。
Asset class 资产类别拥有相似特征、层次、风险或回报的证券。
Assets under management (AUM) 公司管理的资产由一家投资公司所管理的资产的总市场价值。
Attribution analysis 因素分析一种资产分析技术,用于判断一个经理人的行为是否与市场时机和证券选择技巧的基准有关。
Autocorrelation test 自相关检验关于有效市场假说的检验,将证券价格在不同时间的变化进行比较以验证是否存在可预测的相关模式。
Average tax rate 平均税率一个人所纳税款总额除以他(她)的总收入。
Backtest 回测一种检验数量模型的方法,用计算机检验基于历史数据的有价证券的组成和收益,以此判断过去所采用的策略是否有用。
Balance sheet资产负债表显示在某一时间点公司拥有哪些资产以及如何运用这些资产的财务报表。
Balanced fund 平衡基金一种共同基金,通常有三个投资目标:(1)保证投资者的本金;(2)支付本期收入;(3)使本金和收入均得到增长。
这种基金可通过持有债券、优先股、普通股组合来达到目标。
Basis 基差在任一时点(如合同开始或合同中止)上,标的资产现货价格与期货价格的差额。
(2)Basis risk 基差风险由交叉避险交易引起的标的资产价格波动的剩余暴露风险。
Bearer bond 不记名债券一种通过拥有即获得所有权的无需记名的债券。
持有人可以剪下附于债券上的息票,要求发行人发放利息。
Behavioral finance 行为金融包括分析个体不同的心理特征以及这些特征如何影响投资者、分析家、基金经理的行为。
Benchmark error 基准错误用于比较和评估有价证券的收益和管理的不恰当或错误的基准。
Benchmark portfolio 基准组合对保单中的风险和资产进行比较的标准,类似于投资者的风险偏好以及投资需求,可以用于评估基金经理的投资行为。
Beta贝他(系数)根据某项资产与市场证券组合的协方差计算的衡量系统性风险的标准化测度。
Bond price volatility 债券价格波动率在一定时间内债券价格的百分比变化,Business risk 商业风险由公司所在行业特征引起的经营中的不确定性。
商业风险的两个来源是销售的不确定性和营运杠杆。
Buy-and-hold strategy 买入持有策略一种买入债券并持有至其到期的被动证券投资管理策略。
Call premium 赎回溢价对未到期就赎回的债券,发行人所支付的价格超出债券票面价格的部分。
Call provisions赎回条款一公司关于何时以及如何在债券到期之前提出赎回的详细说明。
Capital appreciation 资本增值投资者寻求证券增值的目标,主要通过资本利得来满足长期发展需求而不是股利。
Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) 资本资产定价模型有关如何根据资本资产的系统性风险水平推算风险资产预期收益率的理论模型。
Capital market instruments资本市场工具在二级市场上交易的固定受益证券和股权工具。
Capital market line (CML)资本市场线过代表无风险收益的截矩点与初始有效边界相切的一条直线,由于在这条线上的投资包括了所有在初始马克维茨有效边界上的证券,因而这条线就变成了新的有效边界。
Capital preservation 资本保值一种投资者(通常是风险厌恶者)寻求最小风险损失的回报目标。
Certificates of deposit (CDs)定期存单由银行和中小金融联合会发行的特定期限的金融工具,有最低存款金额要求,支付的利息比一般存款帐户高。
Characteristic line 特征线显示风险资产的系统性风险的回归线。
(3)Closed-end investment company封闭式投资公司只发行固定额度的不可赎回股票的投资公司。
封闭式基金的股票在证券市场上的价格随着供求关系的变化而变化。
Coefficient of variation (CV) 变异系数一种相对变动的测度,用于衡量每单位收益的风险,等于标准差除以平均收益。
当相关系数用于投资时,它等于收益的标准差除以期望收益率。
Coincident indicators 同步指标一些经济变量的集合,集合中各个经济变量的价值同时涨跌。
Collateral trust bonds 抵押信托债券以金融资产如股票、债券等作为抵押品的抵押债券。
Collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) 担保抵押债务证券以在相对可预期的时间内能够提供相对稳定支付流的抵押贷款为基础发行的债务证券。
Common stock 普通股代表对公司一定所有权的股权投资,和公司的成败完全相关。
公司的董事会对普通股持有人必须进行股息支付。
Competitive bid 竞争性招标发行实体(政府或公司)公布发行的有价证券种类及大体发行特征而进行招标,通过比较各家投资银行公司,最后由出价最高的投标人中标。
Competitive environment 竞争环境某行业内各企业的竞争强度水平,由五力分析测定。
Competitive strategy 竞争策略某行业中企业对最佳竞争位置的寻求,它影响了对整个行业前景的估价。
Completely diversified portfolio 完全分散证券所有的非系统性风险均被多样化消除了的证券组合。
Completeness fund 完全基金一种用于组成被动证券组合专门指数,目的在于通过将客户的经理人投资的部分排除在外,为客户总的证券提供多样化服务Composite measure 整体测度同时考虑了证券组合收益与风险的业绩统计指标(如Sharpe 指标,Treynor 指标,Jensen 指标。
Consolidation phase 合并阶段投资生命周期中的一个阶段,此时个人已度过工作生涯的一半,将收入大于支出的部分进行投资,以满足未来退休或不动产计划需要。
Construct the portfolio 构造证券组合在给定的投资策略和经济前景的条件下,研究哪些特定股票和(或)债券要根据保单内容规定的,在现期加入证券组合。
Contingent deferred sales load或有延缓的销售费用当投资者出售或赎回股票时需附加一定销售费用,也称为后端付费或赎回费用。
Continual monitoring 连续性监督包括不间断评估经济环境、保单内容和有价证券组合(确保与保单内容一致),以及根据业绩确定是否需要改变证券组合、策略和以及保单内容。
Continuous market 连续性市场开市时股票的定价和交易通过拍卖或者经销商持续不断进行的市场。
(4)Contrarian 反向操作与大多数投资者操作行为相反的买卖证券的投资策略。
Convenience yield 便利收益对远期和期货合约理论价格所作的调整,以反映消费者对持有标的资产现货头寸的偏好。
Conversion ratio 转换比率一只可转换证券可被转换成的普通股股数。
Conversion value 转换价值可转换证券被转换成普通股后的股票当期市场价格。
Convertible bonds可转换债券指拥有附加条款,证明债券持有人拥有将债券转换成一定数额的该公司股票的权利的债券。
Convexity 凸度某一债券的价格收益曲线偏离直线的程度,这一特征影响了收益变化时对债券价格波动的预期。
Core-plus bond portfolio management 核心——附加债券组合管理是一种债券组合管理的综合方法。
大部分的资产(比如70%-75%)在一个分散化的债券市场上被动地投资,比如根据整体的债券指数或者美国的政府/公司部门。
剩余的资产则在一个有效性程度比较低的附加部门中进行积极的管理,比如投资与高收益率的债券,外国债券以及发展中国家的债券等。
Correlation coefficient 相关系数衡量两个变量之间关系的标准化工具,范围在-1.00到+1.00之间。
Country risk 国家风险由于一国政治和经济可能发生大变化而导致的投资的不确定性,也称为政治风险。
Coupon 息票指出债务工具上利息支付条款的票据。
它等于息票利率乘以票面价值,代表债券所必须支付的利息。
……Coupon reinvestment risk 息票再投资风险利率风险的组成部分,由息票收入再投资收益率的不确定性引起。
Covariance 协方差衡量两个变量(如投资收益率)在同一时间与各自平均收益相关的变化程度的值。
Covered interest arbitrage 有抛补利息套利根据利率平价理论,在一国借入资金并在另一国家贷出以获取差价的交易策略。
Credit analysis 信用分析一种用于确定债券的信用等级是否发生变动的积极证券管理策略。