超高压水切割系统

超高压水切割系统

姓名：王鹏玲学号：200917383

摘要通过对这个课题的分析和研究，使我能够对超高压水射流切割原理作进一步的学习和了解。超高压水切割机主要由数控平台、CNC控制器、超高压发生器、水射流切割头、数控操作系统、计算机及CAD/CAM软件等组成。课题主要是通过对超高压水刀数控操作系统的认识及软件的操作使用，完成一个图形的加工。在调试加工的过程中，利用CAD/CAM软件系统，配合数控执行机构（CNC），按设定的轨迹运动，在材料的任意起点开始加工和结束，实现切割加工要求。由于水射流的“柔性”特点，切割工件时水射流进出工件沿进给方向存在滞后，其结果是在工件上出现加工下表面的弧纹和锥度。因此，必须通过软件精确控制水射流的进给速度和加速度，实现软件补偿，从而消除其缺陷。

水射流加工是利用具有很高动能的高速水射流束来冲蚀材料，从而实现材料切削，属于高能束加工范畴，是一种可与激光、等离子体、电子束加工方法媲美的新型切割加工工具。高速水射流是用高压泵将普通水介质增压至300-420MPa，然后通过一个大约0.05 -0.25mm的小孔以约1000m/s 喷出，从而形成高速、高能、高穿透力水束——即高速水射流。

Summary Through the analysis on the subject and research, I was able to make to high pressure water jet cutting theory for further study and understand. High pressure water cutting machine mainly by the numerical control platform, CNC controller, high pressure generators, water jet machining head, numerical control operating system, computer and CAD/CAM software etc. Assignment is through to the high pressure water knife numerical control operating system and software of the understanding of the operation, complete a graphics processing. In the process of debugging process, use CAD/CAM software system, integrate CNC (CNC), set according to trajectory in any materials, the starting point and end, realize processing cutting processing requirements. Because water jet "flexible" features the abrasive water jet cutting when in and out into the direction to the existing lag, the result is on the work piece appear under the surface processing of arc lines and taper. Therefore, must through the software precise control of

water jet into to velocity and acceleration, implementing software compensation, and eliminate the defects.

Water jet machining utilizes the kinetic energy has the very high speed of water jet to erosion materials, so as to realize the material cutting, belong to high energy beam processing category of laser, plasma, electron beam machining method of cutting tools as new processing. The water jet is with high pressure pumps will ordinary water medium pressurization to 300 420 MPa, and then through the one about 0.05 0.25 mm holes to about 1000 m/s jet, so as to form the high speed, high energy, high penetration of water-that the high-speed water jet.

关键词：超高压水射流 CAD 数控

Key words ：high pressure water jet CAD numerical control

目次

1 引言 (3)

2认识超高压水切割数控机床 (4)

2.1 数控机床的运行 (4)

2.2 NC代码和G代码 (4)

2.3 CAD/CAM软件 (5)

3 数控水刀控制分析 (5)

3.1 数控水刀的控制系统介绍 (5)

3.2 数控水刀数字程序控制流程 (6)

4 数控技术在超高压水射流切割机床中的应用 (7)

4.1 信息处理 (8)

4.2 信息采集 (8)

4.3 信息加工 (9)

4.4 信息传输 (9)

4.5 自动控制 (10)

5 水射流切割的加工特点 (11)

6 水射流切割实例操作 (12)

6.1 操作步骤 (12)

6.2 加工过程 (12)

结论 (15)

参考文献 (16)